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Jia X, Wang Q, Liu M, Ding JY. The interplay between gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis in Parkinson's disease treatment. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1415463. [PMID: 38867886 PMCID: PMC11168434 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1415463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study delves into the pivotal role of the gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis in Parkinson's Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder with significant motor and non-motor implications. It posits that disruptions in gut microbiota-dysbiosis-and alterations in the brain-gut axis contribute to PD's pathogenesis. Our findings highlight the potential of the gastrointestinal system's early involvement in PD, suggested by the precedence of gastrointestinal symptoms before motor symptoms emerge. This observation implies a possible gut-originated disease pathway. The analysis demonstrates that dysbiosis in PD patients leads to increased intestinal permeability and systemic inflammation, which in turn exacerbates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Such insights into the interaction between gut microbiota and the brain-gut axis not only elucidate PD's underlying mechanisms but also pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions. We propose targeted treatment strategies, including dietary modifications and fecal microbiota transplantation, aimed at modulating the gut microbiota. These approaches hold promise for augmenting current PD treatment modalities by alleviating both motor and non-motor symptoms, thereby potentially improving patient quality of life. This research underscores the significance of the gut microbiota in the progression and treatment of PD, advocating for an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to develop personalized, efficacious management strategies for PD patients, combining insights from neurology, microbiology, and nutritional science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jia
- First Ward of Neurology Department, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Meilingzi Liu
- Third Ward of Neurology Department, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jia-yuan Ding
- Second Ward of Gastroenterology Department, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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2
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Zhang C, Chen T, Fan M, Tian J, Zhang S, Zhao Z, Liu X, Ma H, Yang L, Chen Y. Electroacupuncture improves gastrointestinal motility through a central-cholinergic pathway-mediated GDNF releasing from intestinal glial cells to protect intestinal neurons in Parkinson's disease rats. Neurotherapeutics 2024:e00369. [PMID: 38744625 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Constipation symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) seriously reduce the quality of life of patients and aggravate the development of the disease, but current treatment options still cannot alleviate the progress of constipation. Electroacupuncture (EA) is a new method for the treatment of constipation, which can effectively treat the symptoms of constipation in PD patients. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms of EA in the treatment of constipation symptoms in PD remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of EA on PD constipation rats and its regulatory mechanism. A rotenone (ROT)-induced gastrointestinal motility disorder model was used to simulate the pathological process of constipation in PD. The results showed that EA could effectively promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, reduce α-synuclein accumulation in substantia nigra and colon and colonic injury in rats after ROT administration. Mechanistically, EA activation of the central-cholinergic pathway increases acetylcholine release in the colon. At the same time, EA up-regulated the co-expression of enteric glial cells (EGCs) and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). EA increased the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the colon of PD rats. Further mechanistic studies showed that EA increased the expression of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), GFRa1 and p-AKT in colon tissues. The present study confirmed that EA upregulates α7nAChR through a central-cholinergic mechanism to promote GDNF release from EGCs, thereby protecting intestinal neurons and thereby improving gastrointestinal motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Tan Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Mingwei Fan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jinlan Tian
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhui Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Zijian Zhao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xinru Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Huaiyuan Ma
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- Center Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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Zheng HY, Wang L, Zhang R, Ding R, Yang CX, Du ZQ. Valine induces inflammation and enhanced adipogenesis in lean mice by multi-omics analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1379390. [PMID: 38803448 PMCID: PMC11128663 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1379390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential to mammalian growth and development but aberrantly elevated in obesity and diabetes. Each BCAA has an independent and specific physio-biochemical effect on the host. However, the exact molecular mechanism of the detrimental effect of valine on metabolic health remains largely unknown. Methods and results This study showed that for lean mice treated with valine, the hepatic lipid metabolism and adipogenesis were enhanced, and the villus height and crypt depth of the ileum were significantly increased. Transcriptome profiling on white and brown adipose tissues revealed that valine disturbed multiple signaling pathways (e.g., inflammation and fatty acid metabolism). Integrative cecal metagenome and metabolome analyses found that abundances of Bacteroidetes decreased, but Proteobacteria and Helicobacter increased, respectively; and 87 differential metabolites were enriched in several molecular pathways (e.g., inflammation and lipid and bile acid metabolism). Furthermore, abundances of two metabolites (stercobilin and 3-IAA), proteins (AMPK/pAMPK and SCD1), and inflammation and adipogenesis-related genes were validated. Discussion Valine treatment affects the intestinal microbiota and metabolite compositions, induces gut inflammation, and aggravates hepatic lipid deposition and adipogenesis. Our findings provide novel insights into and resources for further exploring the molecular mechanism and biological function of valine on lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yi Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Center of Animal Breeding Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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Panaitescu PȘ, Răzniceanu V, Mocrei-Rebrean ȘM, Neculicioiu VS, Dragoș HM, Costache C, Filip GA. The Effect of Gut Microbiota-Targeted Interventions on Neuroinflammation and Motor Function in Parkinson's Disease Animal Models-A Systematic Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3946-3974. [PMID: 38785512 PMCID: PMC11120577 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome-targeted interventions such as fecal transplant, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and antibiotic gut depletion are speculated to be of potential use in delaying the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease by rebalancing the gut microbiome in the context of the gut-brain axis. Our study aims to organize recent findings regarding these interventions in Parkinson's disease animal models to identify how they affect neuroinflammation and motor outcomes. A systematic literature search was applied in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and SCOPUS for gut microbiome-targeted non-dietary interventions. Studies that investigated gut-targeted interventions by using in vivo murine PD models to follow dopaminergic cell loss, motor tests, and neuroinflammatory markers as outcomes were considered to be eligible. A total of 1335 studies were identified in the databases, out of which 29 were found to be eligible. A narrative systematization of the resulting data was performed, and the effect direction for the outcomes was represented. Quality assessment using the SYRCLE risk of bias tool was also performed. Out of the 29 eligible studies, we found that a significant majority report that the intervention reduced the dopaminergic cell loss (82.76%, 95% CI [64.23%, 94.15%]) produced by the induction of the disease model. Also, most studies reported a reduction in microglial (87.5%, 95% CI [61.65%, 98.45%]) and astrocytic activation (84,62%, 95% CI [54.55%, 98.08%]) caused by the induction of the disease model. These results were also mirrored in the majority (96.4% 95% CI [81.65%, 99.91%]) of the studies reporting an increase in performance in behavioral motor tests. A significant limitation of the study was that insufficient information was found in the studies to assess specific causes of the risk of bias. These results show that non-dietary gut microbiome-targeted interventions can improve neuroinflammatory and motor outcomes in acute Parkinson's disease animal models. Further studies are needed to clarify if these benefits transfer to the long-term pathogenesis of the disease, which is not yet fully understood. The study had no funding source, and the protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database with the ID number CRD42023461495.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul-Ștefan Panaitescu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-Ș.P.); (Ș.-M.M.-R.)
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.N.)
| | - Vlad Răzniceanu
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-Ș.P.); (Ș.-M.M.-R.)
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.N.)
| | - Ștefania-Maria Mocrei-Rebrean
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-Ș.P.); (Ș.-M.M.-R.)
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.N.)
| | - Vlad Sever Neculicioiu
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.N.)
| | - Hanna-Maria Dragoș
- Department of Neurology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Costache
- Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.S.N.)
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (P.-Ș.P.); (Ș.-M.M.-R.)
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Yao L, Yang Y, Yang X, Rezaei MJ. The Interaction Between Nutraceuticals and Gut Microbiota: a Novel Therapeutic Approach to Prevent and Treatment Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04151-2. [PMID: 38587699 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Emerging research has shed light on the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and progression of PD. Nutraceuticals such as curcumin, berberine, phytoestrogens, polyphenols (e.g., resveratrol, EGCG, and fisetin), dietary fibers have been shown to influence gut microbiota composition and function, restoring microbial balance and enhancing the gut-brain axis. The mechanisms underlying these benefits involve microbial metabolite production, restoration of gut barrier integrity, and modulation of neuroinflammatory pathways. Additionally, probiotics and prebiotics have shown potential in promoting gut health, influencing the gut microbiome, and alleviating PD symptoms. They can enhance the gut's antioxidant capacity of the gut, reduce inflammation, and maintain immune homeostasis, contributing to a neuroprotective environment. This paper provides an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the potential of nutraceuticals and gut microbiota modulation in the prevention and management of Parkinson's disease, emphasizing the need for further research and clinical trials to validate their effectiveness and safety. The findings suggest that a multifaceted approach involving nutraceuticals and gut microbiota may open new avenues for addressing the challenges of PD and improving the quality of life for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Yao
- School of Public Health, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Yong Yang
- School of Public Health, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- School of Public Health, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China.
| | - Mohammad J Rezaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Huang Y, Hu J, Xia Q, Tang M, Wang Y, Wang G, Shao X, Yuan H, Li S, Huang P, Peng C, Guo J, Gui S. Amelioration of obesity and inflammation by polysaccharide from unripe fruits of raspberry via gut microbiota regulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129825. [PMID: 38309402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Raspberry, a traditional medicine food homology species, has important benefits in patients with metabolic syndrome. However, the mechanism of raspberry polysaccharides (RP) on obesity remains unclear. In our study, we showed that RP intervention is negatively associated with body weight gain, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and fat accumulation in obese mice. RP ameliorated HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, produced short-chain fatty acids, maintained intestinal barrier integrity, and prevented metabolic endotoxemia, manifested by decreased host lipopolysaccharide level, and increased colon expression of tight junction proteins. These effects might be related with driven by a SCFAs-producing bacterium and downregulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling transduction. Notably, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG - 014, Lactobacillus taiwanensis, Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, and Turicibacter are markedly correlated with enhanced intestinal barrier function induced by RP treatment. Thus, we believe that RP could be as a potential health supplement or prebiotic for obesity therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhe Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Qijun Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Maomao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Guichun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Xinyuan Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Shuhan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Chengjun Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China; Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China..
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Dong Y, Qi Y, Chen J, Han S, Su W, Ma X, Yu Y, Wang Y. Neuroprotective Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis NJ241 in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease: Implications for Gut Microbiota and PGC-1α. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04038-2. [PMID: 38409641 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal dysbiosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and probiotics have emerged as potential modulators of central nervous system function through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms of the probiotic strain Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis NJ241 (NJ241) in a mouse model of PD induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). The impact of NJ241 was comprehensively assessed in PD mice through behavioral tests, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 16S rRNA sequencing, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) detection. NJ241 exhibited notable efficacy in mitigating MPTP-induced weight loss, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and behavioral deficits in mice. Furthermore, it demonstrated protected against MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuron death and inhibited the activation of glial cells in the substantia nigra (SN). NJ241 demonstrated the ability to normalized dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota and elevate SCFA levels in PD mice. Additionally, NJ241 reversed MPTP-induced reductions in colonic GLP-1 levels and the expression of GLP-1R and PGC-1α in the SN. Notably, GLP-1R antagonists partially reversed the inhibitory effects of NJ241 on the activation of glial cells in the SN. In summary, NJ241 exerts a neuroprotective effect against MPTP-induced neuroinflammation by enhancing intestinal GLP-1 levels and activating nigral PGC-1α signaling. These findings provide a rationale for the exploration and development of probiotic-based therapeutic strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Dong
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yueyan Qi
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Jinhu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Siyuan Han
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Wenjing Su
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Thankcome Biotechnology (Su Zhou) Co., Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Thankcome Biotechnology (Su Zhou) Co., Suzhou, China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
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Loh JS, Mak WQ, Tan LKS, Ng CX, Chan HH, Yeow SH, Foo JB, Ong YS, How CW, Khaw KY. Microbiota-gut-brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:37. [PMID: 38360862 PMCID: PMC10869798 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. The vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect of human biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, and disease. The advent of new sequencing technologies and culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations to shed light on microbiome-host interactions. Evidence has unveiled the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system, referred to as the "microbiota-gut-brain axis". The microbiota-gut-brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions, making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases. As the gut microbiome provides essential cues to microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, we examine the communications between gut microbiota and these glial cells during healthy states and neurodegenerative diseases. Subsequently, we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases using a metabolite-centric approach, while also examining the role of gut microbiota-related neurotransmitters and gut hormones. Next, we examine the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier, blood-brain barrier, meninges, and peripheral immune system to counteract glial dysfunction in neurodegeneration. Finally, we conclude by assessing the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases. A thorough comprehension of the microbiota-gut-brain axis will foster the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the management of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sheng Loh
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Qi Mak
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Li Kar Stella Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chu Xin Ng
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Hao Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shiau Hueh Yeow
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health & Medical Advancements, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, Subang Jaya, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yong Sze Ong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Sandeep, Subba R, Mondal AC. Does COVID-19 Trigger the Risk for the Development of Parkinson's Disease? Therapeutic Potential of Vitamin C. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03756-3. [PMID: 37957424 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was proclaimed a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. There is mounting evidence that older patients with multimorbidity are more susceptible to COVID-19 complications than are younger, healthy people. Having neuroinvasive potential, SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase susceptibility toward the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with extensive motor deficits. PD is characterized by the aggregation of α-synuclein in the form of Lewy bodies and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the dorsal striatum and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of the nigrostriatal pathway in the brain. Increasing reports suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked with the worsening of motor and non-motor symptoms with high rates of hospitalization and mortality in PD patients. Common pathological changes in both diseases involve oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. COVID-19 exacerbates the damage ensuing from the dysregulation of those processes, furthering neurological complications, and increasing the severity of PD symptomatology. Phytochemicals have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Vitamin C supplementation is found to ameliorate the common pathological changes in both diseases to some extent. This review aims to present the available evidence on the association between COVID-19 and PD, and discusses the therapeutic potential of vitamin C for its better management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rhea Subba
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Huang Y, Guo Y, Li X, Xiao Y, Wang Z, Song L, Ren Z. Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GUANKE on Diphenoxylate-Induced Slow Transit Constipation and Gut Microbiota in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3741. [PMID: 37686774 PMCID: PMC10490327 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Slow transit constipation (STC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal condition with slow transit, and some probiotics can effectively relieve constipation, but the exact mechanisms have not been fully understood. In this study, we evaluate the impact of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GUANKE (GUANKE) on diphenoxylate-induced slow transit constipation and speculate on the underlying mechanisms in a mouse model. Administration of L. plantarum GUANKE alleviated constipation indexes, including defecation time, fecal output and water content, and gastrointestinal transit ratio. In addition, GUANKE restored the protein expression of constipation-related intestinal factors (aquaporins (AQPs) and interstitial Cajal cells (ICCs)) in colon tissues measured using immunofluorescence staining; regulated the neurotransmitters and hormones, such as increased levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance P, and motilin; and decreased levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide and nitric oxide in serum, as measured by an ELISA. 16S rRNA and correlation analysis of feces indicated that GUANKE administration effectively reduced constipation-induced Prevotella enrichment and suggested a potential contribution of Prevotella to diphenoxylate-induced STC in mice. GUANKE had no effect on short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in cecum content. This study revealed that GUANKE may alleviate constipation in mice through regulating intestinal neurotransmitter and hormone release and altering specific bacterial taxa, rather than by affecting SCFAs and the diversity of microbiota in the gut. Further research is needed to confirm if the findings observed in this study will be consistent in other animal studies or clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Liqiong Song
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.H.); (Y.G.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhihong Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Y.H.); (Y.G.); (X.L.); (Y.X.); (Z.W.)
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Sun B, Sawant H, Borthakur A, Bihl JC. Emerging therapeutic role of gut microbial extracellular vesicles in neurological disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1241418. [PMID: 37621715 PMCID: PMC10445154 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1241418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as cell-to-cell and inter-organ communicators by conveying proteins and nucleic acids with regulatory functions. Emerging evidence shows that gut microbial-released EVs play a pivotal role in the gut-brain axis, bidirectional communication, and crosstalk between the gut and the brain. Increasing pre-clinical and clinical evidence suggests that gut bacteria-released EVs are capable of eliciting distinct signaling to the brain with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, exerting regulatory function on brain cells such as neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, via their abundant and diversified protein and nucleic acid cargo. Conversely, EVs derived from certain species of bacteria, particularly from gut commensals with probiotic properties, have recently been shown to confer distinct therapeutic effects on various neurological disorders. Thus, gut bacterial EVs may be both a cause of and therapy for neuropathological complications. This review marshals the basic, clinical, and translational studies that significantly contributed to our up-to-date knowledge of the therapeutic potential of gut microbial-derived EVs in treating neurological disorders, including strokes, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, and dementia. The review also discusses the newer insights in recent studies focused on developing superior therapeutic microbial EVs via genetic manipulation and/or dietary intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Sun
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Harshal Sawant
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Alip Borthakur
- Departments of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Ji Chen Bihl
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
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