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Ma Y, Wei X, Peng J, Wei F, Wen Y, Liu M, Song B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Peng T. Ephedra sinica polysaccharide regulate the anti-inflammatory immunity of intestinal microecology and bacterial metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1414675. [PMID: 38846095 PMCID: PMC11153800 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1414675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ephedra sinica polysaccharide (ESP) exerts substantial therapeutic effects on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the mechanism through which ESP intervenes in RA remains unclear. A close correlation has been observed between enzymes and derivatives in the gut microbiota and the inflammatory immune response in RA. Methods A type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice model was treated with Ephedra sinica polysaccharide. The therapeutic effect of ESP on collagen-induced arthritis mice was evaluated. The anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protective effects of ESP were also evaluated. Additionally, metagenomic sequencing was performed to identify changes in carbohydrate-active enzymes and resistance genes in the gut microbiota of the ESP-treated CIA mice. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were performed to observe the levels of serum metabolites and short-chain fatty acids in the gut. Spearman's correlational analysis revealed a correlation among the gut microbiota, antibiotic-resistance genes, and microbiota-derived metabolites. Results ESP treatment significantly reduced inflammation levels and cartilage damage in the CIA mice. It also decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1-β and protected the intestinal mucosal epithelial barrier, inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration and mucosal damage. Here, ESP reduced the TLR4, MyD88, and TRAF6 levels in the synovium, inhibited the p65 expression and pp65 phosphorylation in the NF-κB signaling pathway, and blocked histone deacetylase (HDAC1 and HDAC2) signals. ESP influenced the gut microbiota structure, microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes, and microbial resistance related to resistance genes. ESP increased the serum levels of L-tyrosine, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, octadecanoic acid, N-oleoyl taurine, and decreased N-palmitoyl taurine in the CIA mice. Conclusion ESP exhibited an inhibitory effect on RA. Its action mechanism may be related to the ability of ESP to effectively reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, protect the intestinal barrier, and regulate the interaction between mucosal immune systems and abnormal local microbiota. Accordingly, immune homeostasis was maintained and the inhibition of fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) proliferation through the HDAC/TLR4/NF-κB pathway was mediated, thereby contributing to its anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmiao Ma
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiuhong Wei
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiehao Peng
- Department of Third Clinical Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fuxia Wei
- Department of Third Clinical Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mingran Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Third Clinical Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Famous Chinese Medicine Studio, Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Classical Prescription Strengthening Yang, Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Taiyuan, Taiyuan, China
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Tian H, Yu JL, Chu X, Guan Q, Liu J, Liu Y. Unraveling the role of C1GALT1 in abnormal glycosylation and colorectal cancer progression. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1389713. [PMID: 38699634 PMCID: PMC11063370 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1389713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
C1GALT1 plays a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression through its involvement in various molecular mechanisms. This enzyme is central to the O-glycosylation process, producing tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA) like Tn and sTn, which are linked to cancer metastasis and poor prognosis. The interaction between C1GALT1 and core 3 synthase is crucial for the synthesis of core 3 O-glycans, essential for gastrointestinal health and mucosal barrier integrity. Aberrations in this pathway can lead to CRC development. Furthermore, C1GALT1's function is significantly influenced by its molecular chaperone, Cosmc, which is necessary for the proper folding of T-synthase. Dysregulation in this complex interaction contributes to abnormal O-glycan regulation, facilitating cancer progression. Moreover, C1GALT1 affects downstream signaling pathways and cellular behaviors, such as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), by modifying O-glycans on key receptors like FGFR2, enhancing cancer cell invasiveness and metastatic potential. Additionally, the enzyme's relationship with MUC1, a mucin protein with abnormal glycosylation in CRC, highlights its role in cancer cell immune evasion and metastasis. Given these insights, targeting C1GALT1 presents a promising therapeutic strategy for CRC, necessitating further research to develop targeted inhibitors or activators. Future efforts should also explore C1GALT1's potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response monitoring in CRC, alongside investigating combination therapies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tian
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Li Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoli Chu
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Guan
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fourth People’s Hospital in Shenyang, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wang N, Wang C, Qi M, Lin X, Zha A, Tan B, Yin Y, Wang J. Phosphatidylethanolamine Improves Postnatal Growth Retardation by Regulating Mucus Secretion of Intestinal Goblet Cells in Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1193. [PMID: 38672341 PMCID: PMC11047706 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), a multifunctional phospholipid, is necessary for neonate development. This study aimed to explore the impact of the regulation of exogenous PE on postnatal growth retardation (PGR) by improving intestinal barrier function. Thirty-two neonatal pigs were divided into four groups according to their body weight (BW 2.79 ± 0.50 kg or 1.88 ± 0.40 kg) at 7 days old, CON-NBW, PE-NBW, CON-PGR, and PE-PGR. PE was supplemented to NBW piglets and PGR piglets during lactation and post-weaning periods. Compared with the NBW piglets, the growth performance of PGR piglets was lower, while PE improved the poor growth performance. PGR piglets showed injured intestinal morphology, as evidenced by the reduced ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VH/CD) and goblet cell numbers in the jejunum and ileum. PE recovered the intestinal barrier injury by increasing VH/CD and goblet cell numbers. The decreased MUC2 mRNA and protein expressions were observed in the small intestine of PGR piglets, and PE remarkably increased the expression of MUC2. Mechanistically, PE increased the goblet cell differentiation promoting gene spdef mRNA levels and reduced the mRNA expressions involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress in the jejunal and ileal mucosa of PGR piglets. Overall, we found that PE alleviated growth retardation by regulating intestinal health and generalized its application in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.); (X.L.); (A.Z.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Chengming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.); (X.L.); (A.Z.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Ming Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.); (X.L.); (A.Z.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Xingtong Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.); (X.L.); (A.Z.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Andong Zha
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.); (X.L.); (A.Z.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.); (X.L.); (A.Z.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Yulong Yin
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.); (X.L.); (A.Z.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China;
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Saldova R, Thomsson KA, Wilkinson H, Chatterjee M, Singh AK, Karlsson NG, Knaus UG. Characterization of intestinal O-glycome in reactive oxygen species deficiency. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297292. [PMID: 38483964 PMCID: PMC10939276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation resulting from an inappropriate inflammatory response to intestinal microbes in a genetically susceptible host. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidases (NOX) provide antimicrobial defense, redox signaling and gut barrier maintenance. NADPH oxidase mutations have been identified in IBD patients, and mucus layer disruption, a critical aspect in IBD pathogenesis, was connected to NOX inactivation. To gain insight into ROS-dependent modification of epithelial glycosylation the colonic and ileal mucin O-glycome of mice with genetic NOX inactivation (Cyba mutant) was analyzed. O-glycans were released from purified murine mucins and analyzed by hydrophilic interaction ultra-performance liquid chromatography in combination with exoglycosidase digestion and mass spectrometry. We identified five novel glycans in ileum and found minor changes in O-glycans in the colon and ileum of Cyba mutant mice. Changes included an increase in glycans with terminal HexNAc and in core 2 glycans with Fuc-Gal- on C3 branch, and a decrease in core 3 glycans in the colon, while the ileum showed increased sialylation and a decrease in sulfated glycans. Our data suggest that NADPH oxidase activity alters the intestinal mucin O-glycans that may contribute to intestinal dysbiosis and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Saldova
- National Institute for Bioprocessing, NIBRT GlycoScience Group, Research and Training, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kristina A. Thomsson
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hayden Wilkinson
- National Institute for Bioprocessing, NIBRT GlycoScience Group, Research and Training, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ashish K. Singh
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niclas G. Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Life Science and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulla G. Knaus
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Le Cosquer G, Vergnolle N, Motta JP. Gut microb-aging and its relevance to frailty aging. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105309. [PMID: 38316374 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
This review explores 'microb-aging' in the gut and its potential link to frailty aging. We explore this connection through alterations in microbiota's taxonomy and metabolism, as well as with concepts of ecological resilience, pathobionts emergence, and biogeography. We examine microb-aging in interconnected body organs, emphasizing the bidirectional relationship with 'inflammaging'. Finally, we discuss how targeting microb-aging could improve screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches in geriatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Le Cosquer
- Institute of Digestive Health Research, IRSD, Toulouse University, INSERM U1220, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse Paul Sabatier University, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Vergnolle
- Institute of Digestive Health Research, IRSD, Toulouse University, INSERM U1220, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Motta
- Institute of Digestive Health Research, IRSD, Toulouse University, INSERM U1220, INRAe, ENVT, UPS, 31300 Toulouse, France.
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