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Tran S, Juliani J, Harris TJ, Evangelista M, Ratcliffe J, Ellis SL, Baloyan D, Reehorst CM, Nightingale R, Luk IY, Jenkins LJ, Ghilas S, Yakou MH, Inguanti C, Johnson C, Buchert M, Lee JC, De Cruz P, Duszyc K, Gleeson PA, Kile BT, Mielke LA, Yap AS, Mariadason JM, Fairlie WD, Lee EF. BECLIN1 is essential for intestinal homeostasis involving autophagy-independent mechanisms through its function in endocytic trafficking. Commun Biol 2024; 7:209. [PMID: 38378743 PMCID: PMC10879175 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-related genes have been closely associated with intestinal homeostasis. BECLIN1 is a component of Class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes that orchestrate autophagy initiation and endocytic trafficking. Here we show intestinal epithelium-specific BECLIN1 deletion in adult mice leads to rapid fatal enteritis with compromised gut barrier integrity, highlighting its intrinsic critical role in gut maintenance. BECLIN1-deficient intestinal epithelial cells exhibit extensive apoptosis, impaired autophagy, and stressed endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Remaining absorptive enterocytes and secretory cells display morphological abnormalities. Deletion of the autophagy regulator, ATG7, fails to elicit similar effects, suggesting additional novel autophagy-independent functions of BECLIN1 distinct from ATG7. Indeed, organoids derived from BECLIN1 KO mice show E-CADHERIN mislocalisation associated with abnormalities in the endocytic trafficking pathway. This provides a mechanism linking endocytic trafficking mediated by BECLIN1 and loss of intestinal barrier integrity. Our findings establish an indispensable role of BECLIN1 in maintaining mammalian intestinal homeostasis and uncover its involvement in endocytic trafficking in this process. Hence, this study has important implications for our understanding of intestinal pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Tran
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Juliani Juliani
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Tiffany J Harris
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Marco Evangelista
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Julian Ratcliffe
- Bioimaging Platform, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah L Ellis
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - David Baloyan
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Camilla M Reehorst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Nightingale
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian Y Luk
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura J Jenkins
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Sonia Ghilas
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Marina H Yakou
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Chantelle Inguanti
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Chad Johnson
- Bioimaging Platform, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Buchert
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - James C Lee
- Genetic Mechanisms of Disease Laboratory, the Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter De Cruz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Austin Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kinga Duszyc
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul A Gleeson
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa A Mielke
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Alpha S Yap
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - John M Mariadason
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - W Douglas Fairlie
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
| | - Erinna F Lee
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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La Scala S, Naselli F, Quatrini P, Gallo G, Caradonna F. Drought-Adapted Mediterranean Diet Plants: A Source of Bioactive Molecules Able to Give Nutrigenomic Effects per sè or to Obtain Functional Foods. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2235. [PMID: 38396910 PMCID: PMC10888686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet features plant-based foods renowned for their health benefits derived from bioactive compounds. This review aims to provide an overview of the bioactive molecules present in some representative Mediterranean diet plants, examining their human nutrigenomic effects and health benefits as well as the environmental advantages and sustainability derived from their cultivation. Additionally, it explores the facilitation of producing fortified foods aided by soil and plant microbiota properties. Well-studied examples, such as extra virgin olive oil and citrus fruits, have demonstrated significant health advantages, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Other less renowned plants are presented in the scientific literature with their beneficial traits on human health highlighted. Prickly pear's indicaxanthin exhibits antioxidant properties and potential anticancer traits, while capers kaempferol and quercetin support cardiovascular health and prevent cancer. Oregano and thyme, containing terpenoids like carvacrol and γ-terpinene, exhibit antimicrobial effects. Besides their nutrigenomic effects, these plants thrive in arid environments, offering benefits associated with their cultivation. Their microbiota, particularly Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) microorganisms, enhance plant growth and stress tolerance, offering biotechnological opportunities for sustainable agriculture. In conclusion, leveraging plant microbiota could revolutionize agricultural practices and increase sustainability as climate change threatens biodiversity. These edible plant species may have crucial importance, not only as healthy products but also for increasing the sustainability of agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia La Scala
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Università di Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; (S.L.S.); (P.Q.); (G.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Flores Naselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Università di Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; (S.L.S.); (P.Q.); (G.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Paola Quatrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Università di Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; (S.L.S.); (P.Q.); (G.G.); (F.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Gallo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Università di Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; (S.L.S.); (P.Q.); (G.G.); (F.C.)
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Caradonna
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare, Università di Palermo, 90128, Palermo, Italy; (S.L.S.); (P.Q.); (G.G.); (F.C.)
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Naselli F, Bellavia D, Costa V, De Luca A, Raimondi L, Giavaresi G, Caradonna F. Osteoarthritis in the Elderly Population: Preclinical Evidence of Nutrigenomic Activities of Flavonoids. Nutrients 2023; 16:112. [PMID: 38201942 PMCID: PMC10780745 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is age-related and progressive. It causes the destruction of articular cartilage and underlying bone, often aggravated by inflammatory processes and oxidative stresses. This pathology impairs the quality of life of the elderly, causing pain, reduced mobility, and functional disabilities, especially in obese patients. Phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities may be used for long-term treatment of OA, either in combination with current anti-inflammatories and painkillers, or as an alternative to other products such as glucosamine and chondroitin, which improve cartilage structure and elasticity. The current systematic review provides a comprehensive understanding of the use of flavonoids. It highlights chondrocyte, cartilage, and subchondral bone activities, with a particular focus on their nutrigenomic effects. The molecular mechanisms of these molecules demonstrate how they can be used for the prevention and treatment of OA in the elderly population. However, clinical trials are still needed for effective use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flores Naselli
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.N.); (F.C.)
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche—SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy (A.D.L.); (L.R.); (G.G.)
| | - Viviana Costa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche—SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy (A.D.L.); (L.R.); (G.G.)
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche—SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy (A.D.L.); (L.R.); (G.G.)
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche—SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy (A.D.L.); (L.R.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche—SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, 40136 Bologna, Italy (A.D.L.); (L.R.); (G.G.)
| | - Fabio Caradonna
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.N.); (F.C.)
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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