1
|
Jiang M, Kang L, Wang YL, Zhou B, Li HY, Yan Q, Liu ZG. Mechanisms of microbiota-gut-brain axis communication in anxiety disorders. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1501134. [PMID: 39717701 PMCID: PMC11663871 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1501134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders, prevalent mental health conditions, receive significant attention globally due to their intricate etiology and the suboptimal effectiveness of existing therapies. Research is increasingly recognizing that the genesis of anxiety involves not only neurochemical brain alterations but also changes in gut microbiota. The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), serving as a bidirectional communication pathway between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS), is at the forefront of novel approaches to deciphering the complex pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. This review scrutinizes the role and recent advancements in the MGBA concerning anxiety disorders through a review of the literature, emphasizing mechanisms via neural signals, endocrine pathways, and immune responses. The evidence robustly supports the critical influence of MGBA in both the development and progression of these disorders. Furthermore, this discussion explores potential therapeutic avenues stemming from these insights, alongside the challenges and issues present in this realm. Collectively, our findings aim to enhance understanding of the pathological mechanisms and foster improved preventative and therapeutic strategies for anxiety disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Neijiang Central District People’s Hospital, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of Neijiang, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya-Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Neijiang Central District People’s Hospital, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Neijiang Central District People’s Hospital, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, Neijiang Central District People’s Hospital, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Neijiang Central District People’s Hospital, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Neijiang Central District People’s Hospital, Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wagner NRF, Fernandes R, Teixeira Frota Reichmann M, Lopes MCP, Welc LLS, Campos ACL. Use of Probiotics and Synbiotics in the Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) and Other Gastrointestinal Symptoms After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obes Surg 2024:10.1007/s11695-024-07599-2. [PMID: 39607556 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2024] [Revised: 11/09/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment for severe obesity, however it may be associated with the development of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) and other gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS). This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of probiotics or synbiotics on GIS and SIBO in post- metabolic bariatric surgery patients. Five studies that investigated the effect of probiotics or synbiotics in the treatment of post-surgery GIS were included in the review, with three focusing on SIBO. For the meta-analysis, three studies assessed GIS, and two examined SIBO. The results showed that probiotics did not offer significant benefits in treating GIS or SIBO in these patients.
Collapse
|
3
|
Alam M, Abbas K, Mustafa M, Usmani N, Habib S. Microbiome-based therapies for Parkinson's disease. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1496616. [PMID: 39568727 PMCID: PMC11576319 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1496616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome dysbiosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The bidirectional relationship between the enteric nervous system (ENS) and central nervous system (CNS) under the mediation of the gut-brain axis control the gastrointestinal functioning. This review article discusses key mechanisms by which modifications in the composition and function of the gut microbiota (GM) influence PD progression and motor control loss. Increased intestinal permeability, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, α-synuclein aggregation, and neurotransmitter imbalances are some key factors that govern gastrointestinal pathology and PD progression. The bacterial taxa of the gut associated with PD development are discussed with emphasis on the enteric nervous system (ENS), as well as the impact of gut bacteria on dopamine production and levodopa metabolism. The pathophysiology and course of the disease are associated with several inflammatory markers, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome include probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The article explored how dietary changes may affect the gut microbiota (GM) and the ways that can affect Parkinson's disease (PD), with a focus on nutrition-based, Mediterranean, and ketogenic diets. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on the role of the gut microbiome in PD pathogenesis and explores its potential as a therapeutic target. Understanding these complex interactions may assist in the development of novel diagnostic tools and treatment options for this neurodegenerative disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mudassir Alam
- Indian Biological Sciences and Research Institute (IBRI), Noida, India
| | - Kashif Abbas
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nazura Usmani
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maher S, Rajapakse J, El-Omar E, Zekry A. Role of the Gut Microbiome in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. Semin Liver Dis 2024; 44:457-473. [PMID: 39389571 DOI: 10.1055/a-2438-4383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)-previously described as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-continues to rise globally. Despite this, therapeutic measures for MASLD remain limited. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the gut microbiome's role in the pathogenesis of MASLD. Understanding this relationship may allow for the administration of therapeutics that target the gut microbiome and/or its metabolic function to alleviate MASLD development or progression. This review will discuss the interplay between the gut microbiome's structure and function in relation to the development of MASLD, assess the diagnostic yield of gut microbiome-based signatures as a noninvasive tool to identify MASLD severity, and examine current and emerging therapies targeting the gut microbiome-liver axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salim Maher
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St George Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, St George & Sutherland Clinical Campuses
| | - Jayashi Rajapakse
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, St George & Sutherland Clinical Campuses
| | - Emad El-Omar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St George Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, St George & Sutherland Clinical Campuses
| | - Amany Zekry
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St George Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, St George & Sutherland Clinical Campuses
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alkhaldy AA. Awareness, knowledge, and beliefs about probiotics and prebiotics among Saudi adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1464622. [PMID: 39512349 PMCID: PMC11540690 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1464622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Probiotics and Prebiotics are essential for supporting both overall health and gastrointestinal health. However, the perception of these dietary components among the general public in Saudi Arabia is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate public awareness, knowledge, and beliefs regarding prebiotics and probiotics across Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods Our cross-sectional study included 1,306 participants aged 18 years and above. Data were collected in Saudi Arabia between May and July 2023 using a self-administered online questionnaire via convenience sampling. Results A high level of awareness was self-reported by only 21.9% of participants, whereas more than half (51.8%) of participants rated their level of awareness as low. Overall, 37.5% of participants displayed a high level of knowledge about probiotics and prebiotics, whereas 15.5% had a low level of knowledge. The majority of participants believed in the beneficial effects of probiotics and prebiotics on overall digestion/gut health (84.1%) and supporting the immune system (72.5%). However, less than half of participants believed in their beneficial effects on overweight/obesity (42.3%), stress management (35%), mental health/stress (29.2%), and heart health (28.7%). Conclusions The obtained findings indicate sufficient levels of knowledge about prebiotics and probiotics among a population sample of Saudi adults. However, enhanced educational efforts and optimized strategies for promoting a comprehensive awareness and understanding of probiotics and prebiotics are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Areej Ali Alkhaldy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khorashadizadeh S, Abbasifar S, Yousefi M, Fayedeh F, Moodi Ghalibaf A. The Role of Microbiome and Probiotics in Chemo-Radiotherapy-Induced Diarrhea: A Narrative Review of the Current Evidence. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e70029. [PMID: 39410854 PMCID: PMC11480522 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this article, we review the most recent research on probiotics effects on diarrhea in both human and animal models of the condition along with the therapeutic potential of these compounds based on their findings. RECENT FINDINGS Nearly 50%-80% of cancer patients experience chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID), serious gastrointestinal toxicity of chemotherapeutic and radiation regimens that leads to prolonged hospitalizations, cardiovascular problems, electrolyte imbalances, disruptions in cancer treatment, poor cancer prognosis, and death. CID is typically categorized as osmotic diarrhea. The depletion of colonic crypts and villi by radiotherapy and chemotherapy agents interferes with the absorptive function of the intestine, thereby decreasing the absorption of chloride and releasing water into the intestinal lumen. Probiotic supplements have been found to be able to reverse the intestinal damage caused by chemo-radiation therapy by promoting the growth of crypt and villi and reducing inflammatory pathways. In addition, they support the modulation of immunological and angiogenesis responses in the gut as well as the metabolism of certain digestive enzymes by altering the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Beyond the benefits of probiotics, additional clinical research is required to clarify the most effective strain combinations and dosages for preventing chemotherapy and radiotherapy diarrhea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Abbasifar
- Student Research CommitteeBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Mohammad Yousefi
- Student Research CommitteeBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Farzad Fayedeh
- Student Research CommitteeBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ivashkin VT, Gorelov AV, Abdulganieva DI, Alekseeva OP, Alekseenko SA, Baranovsky AY, Zakharova IN, Zolnikova OY, Ivashkin KV, Ivashkina NY, Korochanskaya NV, Mammaev SN, Nikolaeva SV, Poluektova EA, Trukhmanov AS, Usenko DV, Khlynov IB, Tsukanov VV, Shifrin OS, Berezhnaya IV, Lapina TL, Maslennikov RV, Sugian NG, Ulyanin AI. Methodological Guidelines of the Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research (CHMR) and the Russian Gastroenterology Association (RGA) on the Use of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, Metabiotics and Functional Foods Enriched with Them for the Treatment and Prevention of Gastrointestinal Diseases in Adults and Children. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY, COLOPROCTOLOGY 2024; 34:113-136. [DOI: 10.22416/1382-4376-2024-117-312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2024]
Abstract
Aim: to optimize outcomes of the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in adults and children. Key points. The Methodological Guidelines contain sections on the terminology, classification, mechanisms of action, requirements for sale in the Russian Federation, requirements for proving the efficacy and safety of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and metabiotics, as well as functional foods enriched with them. An overview of relevant data allowing to include these drugs and products in the treatment an d prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in adults and children is presented. Conclusion. The clinical efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and metabiotics depends on the specificity and quantity of their components, the dosage form, the regimen and duration of treatment. Products and functional foods with proven efficacy and safety are recommended for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in adults and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. T. Ivashkin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - A. V. Gorelov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | | | | | | | | | - I. N. Zakharova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
| | - O. Yu. Zolnikova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - K. V. Ivashkin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | | | | | - S. V. Nikolaeva
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | - E. A. Poluektova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - A. S. Trukhmanov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - D. V. Usenko
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being (Rospotrebnadzor)
| | | | - V. V. Tsukanov
- Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, a Separate Subdivision of the Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North
| | - O. S. Shifrin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | - T. L. Lapina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - R. V. Maslennikov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - N. G. Sugian
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
| | - A. I. Ulyanin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Szymczak-Pajor I, Drzewoski J, Wenclewska S, Śliwińska A. Metformin-Associated Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Are Reduced by Probiotics: A Meta-Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:898. [PMID: 39065748 PMCID: PMC11279730 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metformin, one of the most frequently used oral glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs), is associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events in approximately 20% of users. These unwanted actions result in non-compliance or even discontinuation of metformin therapy. The aim of the presented meta-analysis was to determine whether adding a drug from the group of sulfonylureas, glitazones, DPP-IV inhibitors, or probiotics to metformin monotherapy may affect the risk of GI side effects. The material for this meta-analysis comprised data from 26 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) published in English. This meta-analysis included 41,048 patients. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases were thoroughly searched to find relevant RCTs. The Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study Type (PICOT) structure was used to formulate study selection criteria and the research question. Cochrane Review Manager Software 5.4 was used to carry out analysis of collected data. The results were presented as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each group, and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. As expected from clinical practice, metformin was associated with a markedly increased risk of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting compared to placebo. In comparison to other GLDs, taking metformin was related to an elevated risk of diarrhea and abdominal pain and to a lowered risk of vomiting and bloating. In turn, adding other GLDs to metformin treatment was associated with an elevated risk of nausea and vomiting than treatment with metformin in monotherapy. However, adding probiotics to metformin therapy was related to a decreased risk of diarrhea, bloating, and constipation. The obtained results demonstrate that the combination of metformin with other GLDs may elevate the risk of nausea and vomiting, whereas combination with probiotics decreases the risk of diarrhea, bloating, and constipation. Thus, the results of our meta-analysis suggest that probiotics may reduce the risk of some GI side effects in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who started treatment with metformin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Szymczak-Pajor
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Józef Drzewoski
- Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Wenclewska
- Provincial Hospital Named after Primate Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, 7 Armii Krajowej Str., 98-200 Sieradz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Wang Y, Ding K, Liu Y, Liu D, Chen W, Zhang X, Luo C, Zhang H, Xu T, Chen T. Effectiveness of Psychobiotic Bifidobacterium breve BB05 in Managing Psychosomatic Diarrhea in College Students by Regulating Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1989. [PMID: 38999739 PMCID: PMC11243164 DOI: 10.3390/nu16131989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea of college students (DCS) is a prevalent issue among college students, affecting their daily lives and academic performance. This study aims to explore the potential effect of Bifidobacterium breve BB05 supplements on the DCS. Initially, fifty healthy and fifty diarrheal students were recruited in the observational experiment and allocated into control and diarrhea groups, respectively. Subsequently, one hundred diarrheal students were newly recruited in the intervention experiment and randomly allocated into placebo and probiotic groups, both treated for 2 weeks. Questionnaires (BSS, HAMA-14, and HDRS-17) were performed to assess the students' diarrheal states and mental health at baseline and post-treatment. Fecal samples underwent 16S rRNA sequencing and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to evaluate gut microbiota and fecal metabolite alternations. Results indicated that B. breve BB05 supplementation significantly enriched (p < 0.05) the reduced gut microbial diversity caused by diarrhea. Diarrhea resulted in notable alterations in gut microbiota composition, as exhibited by elevated Collinsella and Streptococcus, alongside substantially decreased Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Prevotella, while B. breve BB05 supplementation partially restored the compromised gut microbiota at both the phylum and genus levels, particularly by increasing Bifidobacterium and Roseburia (p < 0.05). Importantly, questionnaire results suggested that B. breve BB05 administration achieved superior efficacy in relieving diarrhea symptoms and the associated anxiety and depression in college students. An increased fecal concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was also observed in the probiotic group, while Acetylcholine (ACH), Epinephrine (EPI), and Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine (NANE) reduced, revealing the potential of B. breve BB05 in alleviating anxiety and depression via modulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Furthermore, correlation analysis suggested that the altered microbiota and fecal neurotransmitters were closely associated with the mental symptoms. These results endorse B. breve BB05 intervention as a promising and innovative approach to alleviate both diarrhea and mental health conditions among college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wang
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Kunpeng Ding
- Second College of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Dingming Liu
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Weijun Chen
- The Reproductive Hospital, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Chuanlin Luo
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Tangchang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Medical Center of Burn Plastic and Wound Repair, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Centre for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Hong Y, Wu T, Ben E, Li S, Hu L, Xie T. Role of gut microbiota in regulating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1401967. [PMID: 38915399 PMCID: PMC11194316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1401967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant, invasive, and poorly prognosed brain tumor. Unfortunately, active comprehensive treatment does not significantly prolong patient survival. With the deepening of research, it has been found that gut microbiota plays a certain role in GBM, and can directly or indirectly affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in various ways. (1) The metabolites produced by gut microbiota directly affect the host's immune homeostasis, and these metabolites can affect the function and distribution of immune cells, promote or inhibit inflammatory responses, affect the phenotype, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, and immune cell infiltration of GBM cells, thereby affecting the effectiveness of ICIs. (2) Some members of the gut microbiota may reverse T cell function inhibition, increase T cell anti-tumor activity, and ultimately improve the efficacy of ICIs by targeting specific immunosuppressive metabolites and cytokines. (3) Some members of the gut microbiota directly participate in the metabolic process of drugs, which can degrade, transform, or produce metabolites, affecting the effective concentration and bioavailability of drugs. Optimizing the structure of the gut microbiota may help improve the efficacy of ICIs. (4) The gut microbiota can also regulate immune cell function and inflammatory status in the brain through gut brain axis communication, indirectly affecting the progression of GBM and the therapeutic response to ICIs. (5) Given the importance of gut microbiota for ICI therapy, researchers have begun exploring the use of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to transplant healthy or optimized gut microbiota to GBM patients, in order to improve their immune status and enhance their response to ICI therapy. Preliminary studies suggest that FMT may enhance the efficacy of ICI therapy in some patients. In summary, gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating ICIs in GBM, and with a deeper understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and tumor immunity, it is expected to develop more precise and effective personalized ICI therapy strategies for GBM, in order to improve patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Health Management, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Eyi Ben
- Department of Oncology, Yidu People’s Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|