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Ursachi CȘ, Perța-Crișan S, Tolan I, Chambre DR, Chereji BD, Condrat D, Munteanu FD. Development and Characterization of Ethylcellulose Oleogels Based on Pumpkin Seed Oil and Rapeseed Oil. Gels 2024; 10:384. [PMID: 38920930 PMCID: PMC11203197 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to rapeseed oil, pumpkin seed oil has yet to be well investigated in terms of oleogelation, and, to the best of our knowledge, no study related to the use of ethylcellulose (EC) in the structuring of this oil has been identified in the current scientific literature. Therefore, the present study evaluated several oleogels formulated with EC as the oleogelator in different concentrations of 7% (OG7) and 9% (OG9), based on cold-pressed pumpkin seed oil (PO) and refined rapeseed oil (RO), as well as on mixtures of the two oils in different combinations: PO:RO (3:1) (PRO) and PO:RO (1:1) (RPO). Physicochemical properties such as visual appearance, gel formation time (GFT), oil-binding capacity (OBC), oxidative and thermal stability, and textural characteristics were analyzed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) were used in the statistical analysis of the data, with a significance level of p < 0.05. EC proved to be an effective structuring agent of the mentioned edible oils; the type of oils and the concentration of oleogelator significantly influenced the characteristics of the obtained oleogels. The 9% EC oleogels exhibited a more rigid structure, with a higher OBC and a reduced GFT. Pumpkin seed oil led to more stable oleogels, while the mixture of pumpkin seed oil with rapeseed oil caused a significant reduction in their mechanical properties and decreased the OBC. After 14 days of storage, all oleogels demonstrated proper oxidative stability within the bounds set by international regulations for edible fats, regardless of the kind of oil and EC concentration. All of the oleogels showed a higher oxidative stability than the oils utilized in their formulation; however, those prepared with cold-pressed pumpkin seed oil indicated a lower level of lipid oxidation among all oleogels. The P-OG9 and PR-OG9 oleogels, which mainly included PO and contained 9% EC, demonstrated the optimum levels of quality in texture, GFT, OBC, and oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Florentina-Daniela Munteanu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, 310330 Arad, Romania; (C.-Ș.U.); (S.P.-C.); (I.T.); (D.R.C.); (B.-D.C.); (D.C.)
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Mohd Hanafiah K, Abd Mutalib AH, Miard P, Goh CS, Mohd Sah SA, Ruppert N. Impact of Malaysian palm oil on sustainable development goals: co-benefits and trade-offs across mitigation strategies. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2022; 17:1639-1661. [PMID: 34667481 PMCID: PMC8517301 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-021-01052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Palm oil (PO) is an important source of livelihood, but unsustainable practices and widespread consumption may threaten human and planetary health. We reviewed 234 articles and summarized evidence on the impact of PO on health, social and economic aspects, environment, and biodiversity in the Malaysian context, and discuss mitigation strategies based on the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The evidence on health impact of PO is equivocal, with knowledge gaps on whether moderate consumption elevates risk for chronic diseases, but the benefits of phytonutrients (SDG2) and sensory characteristics of PO seem offset by its high proportion of saturated fat (SDG3). While PO contributes to economic growth (SDG9, 12), poverty alleviation (SDG1, 8, 10), enhanced food security (SDG2), alternative energy (SDG9), and long-term employment opportunities (SDG1), human rights issues and inequities attributed to PO production persist (SDG8). Environmental impacts arise through large-scale expansion of monoculture plantations associated with increased greenhouse gas emissions (SDG13), especially from converted carbon-rich peat lands, which can cause forest fires and annual trans-boundary haze; changes in microclimate properties and soil nutrient content (SDG6, 13); increased sedimentation and change of hydrological properties of streams near slopes (SDG6); and increased human wildlife conflicts, increase of invasive species occurrence, and reduced biodiversity (SDG14, 15). Practices such as biological pest control, circular waste management, multi-cropping and certification may mitigate negative impacts on environmental SDGs, without hampering progress of socioeconomic SDGs. While strategies focusing on improving practices within and surrounding plantations offer co-benefits for socioeconomic, environment and biodiversity-related SDGs, several challenges in achieving scalable solutions must be addressed to ensure holistic sustainability of PO in Malaysia for various stakeholders. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11625-021-01052-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khayriyyah Mohd Hanafiah
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
- Life Sciences, Macfarlane Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004 Australia
| | - Aini Hasanah Abd Mutalib
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Priscillia Miard
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chun Sheng Goh
- Jeffrey Cheah Institute on Southeast Asia, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Malaysia
| | | | - Nadine Ruppert
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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Tajau R, Rohani R, Alias MS, Mudri NH, Abdul Halim KA, Harun MH, Mat Isa N, Che Ismail R, Muhammad Faisal S, Talib M, Rawi Mohamed Zin M, Izni Yusoff I, Khairul Zaman N, Asyila Ilias I. Emergence of Polymeric Material Utilising Sustainable Radiation Curable Palm Oil-Based Products for Advanced Technology Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111865. [PMID: 34199699 PMCID: PMC8199994 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In countries that are rich with oil palm, the use of palm oil to produce bio-based acrylates and polyol can be the most eminent raw materials used for developing new and advanced natural polymeric materials involving radiation technique, like coating resins, nanoparticles, scaffold, nanocomposites, and lithography for different branches of the industry. The presence of hydrocarbon chains, carbon double bonds, and ester bonds in palm oil allows it to open up the possibility of fine-tuning its unique structures in the development of novel materials. Cross-linking, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT), polymerization, grafting, and degradation are among the radiation mechanisms triggered by gamma, electron beam, ultraviolet, or laser irradiation sources. These radiation techniques are widely used in the development of polymeric materials because they are considered as the most versatile, inexpensive, easy, and effective methods. Therefore, this review summarized and emphasized on several recent studies that have reported on emerging radiation processing technologies for the production of radiation curable palm oil-based polymeric materials with a promising future in certain industries and biomedical applications. This review also discusses the rich potential of biopolymeric materials for advanced technology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Tajau
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; (I.I.Y.); (N.K.Z.); (I.A.I.)
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Rosiah Rohani
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; (I.I.Y.); (N.K.Z.); (I.A.I.)
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (R.R.)
| | - Mohd Sofian Alias
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Nurul Huda Mudri
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Khairul Azhar Abdul Halim
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Mohd Hamzah Harun
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Naurah Mat Isa
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Rosley Che Ismail
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Sharilla Muhammad Faisal
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Marina Talib
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Rawi Mohamed Zin
- Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi, Kajang, Selangor 43000, Malaysia; (M.S.A.); (N.H.M.); (K.A.A.H.); (M.H.H.); (N.M.I.); (R.C.I.); (S.M.F.); (M.T.); (M.R.M.Z.)
| | - Izzati Izni Yusoff
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; (I.I.Y.); (N.K.Z.); (I.A.I.)
| | - Nadiah Khairul Zaman
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; (I.I.Y.); (N.K.Z.); (I.A.I.)
| | - Iqma Asyila Ilias
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia; (I.I.Y.); (N.K.Z.); (I.A.I.)
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Grosshagauer S, Milani P, Kraemer K, Mukabutera A, Burkon A, Pignitter M, Bayer S, Somoza V. Inadequacy of nutrients and contaminants found in porridge-type complementary foods in Rwanda. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16:e12856. [PMID: 31183951 PMCID: PMC7038883 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Child malnutrition remains persistently high in Rwanda. Complementary foods play a key role in young child nutrition. This study explores the quality and safety of complementary food products available in the Rwandan market. Ten of the most consumed porridge-type complementary food products in Rwanda have been analysed. Mean values of macronutrient and micronutrient contents were compared against three international standards and evaluated against label claims. Mean mycotoxin, microbiological, and pesticide contamination were compared with maximum tolerable limits. Mean energy density (385 kcal/100 g) and total fat content (7.9 g/100 g) were lower than all three international benchmarks. The mean fibre content of 8.5 g/100 g was above the maximum recommended amount of Codex Alimentarius and more than double the amount claimed on labels. Mean levels of vitamin A (retinyl palmitate, 0.54 mg/100 g) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol, 3.7 mg/100 g) fell significantly short of all three standards, whereas calcium and zinc requirements were only partially met. Average iron content was 12.1 mg/100 g. The analysis revealed a mean aflatoxin contamination of 61 μg/kg, and high mold and yeast infestation. Escherichia coli and pesticide residues were found, whereas no heavy metals could be quantitated. Overall, complementary food products in Rwanda show inadequate nutrient contents and high aflatoxin and microbial contamination levels. Improved regulation and monitoring of both local and imported products are needed to improve the quality and safety of complementary foods in Rwanda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Grosshagauer
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Assumpta Mukabutera
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Public HealthUniversity of RwandaKigaliRwanda
| | | | - Marc Pignitter
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Sebastian Bayer
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Physiological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
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Di Genova L, Cerquiglini L, Penta L, Biscarini A, Esposito S. Pediatric Age Palm Oil Consumption. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040651. [PMID: 29614758 PMCID: PMC5923693 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Palm oil is widely used in the food industry for its chemical/physical properties, low cost and wide availability. Its widespread use has provoked an intense debate about whether it is a potential danger to human health. In a careful review of the scientific literature, we focused on nutritional characteristics and health effects of the use of palm oil with regards to children, seeking to determine whether there is evidence that justifies fears about the health effects of palm oil. Our review showed that palm oil represents a significant source of saturated fatty acids, to which scientific evidence attributes negative health effects when used in excess, especially with regards to cardiovascular diseases. However, to date, there is no evidence about the harmful effects of palm oil on the health of children. Nevertheless, palm oil has possible ill health effects linked to its composition of fatty acids: its consumption is not correlated to risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in young people with a normal weight and cholesterol level; the elderly and patients with dyslipidaemia or previous cardiovascular events or hypertension are at a greater risk. Therefore, the matter is not palm oil itself but the fatty-acid-rich food group to which it belongs. The most important thing is to consume no more than 10% of saturated fatty acids, regardless of their origin and regardless of one’s age. Correct information based on a careful analysis of the scientific evidence, rather than a focus on a singular presumed culprit substance, should encourage better lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Di Genova
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Laura Cerquiglini
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Laura Penta
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Anna Biscarini
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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Pignitter M, Zaunschirm M, Lach J, Unterberger L, Kopic A, Keßler C, Kienesberger J, Pischetsrieder M, Eggersdorfer M, Riegger C, Somoza V. Regioisomeric distribution of 9- and 13-hydroperoxy linoleic acid in vegetable oils during storage and heating. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:1240-1247. [PMID: 29095495 PMCID: PMC5814864 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oxidative deterioration of vegetable oils is commonly measured by the peroxide value, thereby not considering the contribution of individual lipid hydroperoxide isomers, which might have different bioactive effects. Thus, the formation of 9- and 13-hydroperoxy octadecadienoic acid (9-HpODE and 13- HpODE), was quantified after short-term heating and conditions representative of long-term domestic storage in samples of linoleic acid, canola, sunflower and soybean oil, by means of stable isotope dilution analysis-liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. RESULTS Although heating of pure linoleic acid at 180 °C for 30 min led to an almost complete loss of 9-HpODE and 13-HpODE, heating of canola, sunflower and soybean oil resulted in the formation of 5.74 ± 3.32, 2.00 ± 1.09, 16.0 ± 2.44 mmol L-1 13-HpODE and 13.8 ± 8.21, 10.0 ± 6.74 and 45.2 ± 6.23 mmol L-1 9-HpODE. An almost equimolar distribution of the 9- and 13-HpODE was obtained during household-representative storage conditions after 56 days, whereas, under heating conditions, an approximately 2.4-, 2.8- and 5.0-fold (P ≤ 0.001) higher concentration of 9-HpODE than 13-HpODE was detected in canola, soybean and sunflower oil, respectively. CONCLUSION A temperature-dependent distribution of HpODE regioisomers could be shown in vegetable oils, suggesting their application as markers of lipid oxidation in oils used for short-term heating. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pignitter
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Mathias Zaunschirm
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Judith Lach
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyUniversity of Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Laura Unterberger
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Antonio Kopic
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Claudia Keßler
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Julia Kienesberger
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Manfred Eggersdorfer
- Department of Human Nutrition and HealthDSM Nutritional Products LtdKaiseraugstSwitzerland
| | - Christoph Riegger
- Department of Human Nutrition and HealthDSM Nutritional Products LtdKaiseraugstSwitzerland
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
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Dong S, Xia H, Wang F, Sun G. The Effect of Red Palm Oil on Vitamin A Deficiency: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121281. [PMID: 29186779 PMCID: PMC5748732 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Red palm oil (RPO) has been investigated for preventing or alleviating vitamin A deficiency (VAD). Previous data has offered inconclusive and inconsistent results about the effects of RPO in patients with VAD. Our objective was to undertake a meta-analysis to assess the effects of RPO in preventing VAD in the population. After conducting a comprehensive literature search, nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Overall, when trial results were pooled, the results indicated that RPO reduced the risk of VAD (relative risk (RR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 0.55 (0.37, 0.82), p = 0.003), increasedserum retinol levels in both children (p < 0.00001) and adults (p = 0.002), and increased β-carotene levels (p = 0.01). However, RPO supplementation did not have a significant overall effect on serum α-carotene levels (p = 0.06), body weight (p = 0.45), and haemoglobin levels (p = 0.72). The results also showed that low level of PRO intake (≤8 g RPO) could increase serum retinol concentrations whereas PRO intake above 8 g did not lead to further increase of serum retinol concentrations. This meta-analysis demonstrated that RPO might be effective for preventing or alleviating VAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guiju Sun
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-25-8327-2567
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Silalahi DKN, Yuliyanti D, da Silva M, Christianti I, Mulyono K, Wassell P. The stability of vitamin A in fortified palm olein during extended storage and thermal treatment. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Kristina Natalia Silalahi
- Sinarmas agribusiness and food; R&D PT; SMART Tbk; Marunda center; Blok D1, Desa Segara Makmur; Kec. Tarumajaya Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Dewi Yuliyanti
- Sinarmas agribusiness and food; R&D PT; SMART Tbk; Marunda center; Blok D1, Desa Segara Makmur; Kec. Tarumajaya Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Monica da Silva
- Sinarmas agribusiness and food; R&D PT; SMART Tbk; Marunda center; Blok D1, Desa Segara Makmur; Kec. Tarumajaya Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Isti Christianti
- Sinarmas agribusiness and food; R&D PT; SMART Tbk; Marunda center; Blok D1, Desa Segara Makmur; Kec. Tarumajaya Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Karyanto Mulyono
- Sinarmas agribusiness and food; R&D PT; SMART Tbk; Marunda center; Blok D1, Desa Segara Makmur; Kec. Tarumajaya Jawa Barat Indonesia
| | - Paul Wassell
- Sinarmas agribusiness and food; R&D PT; SMART Tbk; Marunda center; Blok D1, Desa Segara Makmur; Kec. Tarumajaya Jawa Barat Indonesia
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Lee H. Transgenic Pro-Vitamin A Biofortified Crops for Improving Vitamin A Deficiency and Their Challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.2174/1874331501711010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) has been a public health problem among children in developing countries. To alleviate VAD, Vitamin A Supplementation (VAS), food fortification, biofortification and nutrition education have been implemented in various degrees of success with their own merits and limits. While VAS is the most widely utilized intervention in developing countries to ease the burden of VAD, some have raised questions on VAS’ effectiveness. Biofortification, often touted as an effective alternative to VAS, has received significant attention. Among the available biofortification methods, adopting transgenic technology has not only facilitated rapid progress in science for enhanced pro-Vitamin A (pVA) levels in target crops, but drawn considerable skepticism in politics for safety issues. Additionally, VAD-afflicted target regions of transgenic pVA crops widely vary in their national stance on Genetically Modified (GM) products, which further complicates crop development and release. This paper briefly reviews VAS and its controversy which partly demanded shifts to food-based VAD interventions, and updates the current status of transgenic pVA crops. Also, this paper presents a framework to provide potential influencers for transgenic pVA crop development under politically challenging climates with GM products. The framework could be applicable to other transgenic micronutrient biofortification.
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