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Upregulation of Irisin and Vitamin D-Binding Protein Concentrations by Increasing Maternal 25-Hydrovitamin D Concentrations in Combination with Specific Genotypes of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Polymorphisms. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010090. [PMID: 35010965 PMCID: PMC8746495 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyshomeostasis of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, and adverse metabolic profiles in the offspring. VDBP polymorphisms have been consistently reported to contribute to this intriguing interplay. Until recently, the effects of VDBP polymorphism heterogeneity on maternal and neonatal adipomyokine profiles have not been investigated, specifically after incorporating the different maternal and neonatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration cut-offs at birth. We aimed to investigate the potential effects of maternal and neonatal VDBP polymorphisms on adiponectin, irisin, and VDBP concentrations at birth, according to different cut-offs of vitamin D status, in maternal–neonatal dyads recruited from the sunny region of Northern Greece. We obtained blood samples from 66 mother–child pairs at birth. Results indicated that (i) Neonatal serum biomarkers were not affected by any included neonatal VDBP polymorphism according to different cut-offs of neonatal vitamin D status at birth, (ii) neonatal VDBP concentration was elevated in neonates with maternal rs7041 GG genotype, (iii) maternal 25(OH)D at ≤75 nmol/L resulted in increased concentrations of maternal VBDP and irisin concentrations in women with CC genotype for rs2298850 and rs4588,whereas this effect was also evident for this cut-off for neonatal VDBP concentrations at birth for GC genotype for rs 7041, and (iv) no significant effect of neonatal VDBP polymorphisms was observed on neonatal VDBP, adiponectin, or irisin levels when stratified according to maternal 25(OH)D cut-offs. In conclusion, these findings confirm that among women with the combination of CC genotype for rs2298850 and rs4588, a specific high cut-off of maternal 25(OH)D results in increasing maternal VBDP concentrations, hence providing a mechanistic rationale for aiming for specific cut-offs of vitamin D after supplementation during pregnancy, in daily clinical practice.
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Poniedziałek-Czajkowska E, Mierzyński R. Could Vitamin D Be Effective in Prevention of Preeclampsia? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113854. [PMID: 34836111 PMCID: PMC8621759 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of preeclampsia (PE) remains one of the most significant problems in perinatal medicine. Due to the possible unpredictable course of hypertension in pregnancy, primarily PE and the high complication rate for the mother and fetus/newborn, it is urgent to offer pregnant women in high-risk groups effective methods of preventing the PE development or delaying its appearance. In addition, due to the association of PE with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in later life, effective preeclampsia prevention could also be important in reducing their incidence. Ideal PE prophylaxis should target the pathogenetic changes leading to the development of PE and be safe for the mother and fetus, inexpensive and freely available. Currently, the only recognized method of PE prevention recommended by many institutions around the world is the use of a small dose of acetylsalicylic acid in pregnant women with risk factors. Unfortunately, some cases of PE are diagnosed in women without recognized risk factors and in those in whom prophylaxis with acetylsalicylic acid is not adequate. Hence, new drugs which would target pathogenetic elements in the development of preeclampsia are studied. Vitamin D (Vit D) seems to be a promising agent due to its beneficial effect on placental implantation, the immune system, and angiogenic factors. Studies published so far emphasize the relationship of its deficiency with the development of PE, but the data on the benefits of its supplementation to reduce the risk of PE are inconclusive. In the light of current research, the key issue is determining the protective concentration of Vit D in a pregnant woman. The study aims to present the possibility of using Vit D to prevent PE, emphasizing its impact on the pathogenetic elements of preeclampsia development.
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Thorsen SU, Collier F, Pezic A, O'Hely M, Clarke M, Tang MLK, Burgner D, Vuillermin P, Ponsonby AL. Maternal and Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 3 Are Associated with Increased Cord Blood and Naive and Activated Regulatory T Cells: The Barwon Infant Study. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:874-882. [PMID: 33431661 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D has shown immune-modulatory effects but mostly in in vitro and animal studies. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are important for a balanced immune system. The relationship between vitamin D on the number of circulating neonatal Treg is unclear. We sought to investigate the association between maternal and neonatal vitamin D metabolites and cord blood (CB) Treg subsets. In a cohort of Australian infants (n = 1074), recruited using an unselected antenatal sampling frame, 158 mother-infant pairs had data on the following: 1) 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) measures in both maternal peripheral blood (28- to 32-wk gestation) and infant CB; 2) proportions (percentage of CD4+ T cells) of CB Treg subsets (CD4+CD45RA+ FOXP3low naive Treg, and CD4+CD45RA- FOXP3high activated Treg [aTreg]); and 3) possible confounders, including maternal personal UV radiation. Multiple regression analyses were used. The median 25(OH)D3 was 85.4 and 50.7 nmol/l for maternal and CB samples, respectively. Higher maternal 25(OH)D3 levels were associated with increased CB naive Treg (relative adjusted mean difference [AMD] per 25 nmol/l increase: 5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1-9%), and aTreg (AMD per 25 nmol/l increase: 17%; 95% CI: 6-28%). Furthermore, a positive association between CB 25(OH)D3 levels and CB aTreg (AMD per 25 nmol/l increase: 29%; 95% CI: 13-48%) was also evident. These results persisted after adjustment for other factors such as maternal personal UV radiation and season of birth. 25(OH)D3, may play a role in the adaptive neonatal immune system via induction of FOXP3+ Tregs. Further studies of immune priming actions of antenatal 25(OH)D3 are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen U Thorsen
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (CPH-DIRECT), Department of Paediatrics, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Fiona Collier
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Geelong Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory, University Hospital, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.,Child Research Unit, University Hospital, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Angela Pezic
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Martin O'Hely
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Michael Clarke
- Biological and Molecular Mass Spectrometry Facility, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; and
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Child Research Unit, University Hospital, Barwon Health, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; .,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Fernando M, Ellery SJ, Marquina C, Lim S, Naderpoor N, Mousa A. Vitamin D-Binding Protein in Pregnancy and Reproductive Health. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051489. [PMID: 32443760 PMCID: PMC7285222 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), the main carrier of vitamin D, has recently been implicated in reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes including endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Improved methods for measuring VDBP and an increased understanding of its role in biological processes have led to a number of newly published studies exploring VDBP in the context of pregnancy. Here, we synthesize the available evidence regarding the role of VDBP in reproductive health and pregnancy, and we highlight areas requiring further study. Overall, low levels of maternal serum VDBP concentrations have been associated with infertility, endometriosis, PCOS and spontaneous miscarriage, as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes including GDM, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth and fetal growth restriction. However, increased VDBP concentration in cervicovaginal fluid has been linked to unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and premature rupture of membranes. Some genetic variants of VDBP have also been associated with these adverse outcomes. Further studies using more accurate VDBP assays and accounting for ethnic variation and potential confounders are needed to clarify whether VDBP is associated with reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes, and the mechanisms underlying these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Fernando
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Stacey J. Ellery
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia;
| | - Clara Marquina
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Siew Lim
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Negar Naderpoor
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI) and Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics (CCRET), School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3168 VIC, Australia; (M.F.); (C.M.); (S.L.); (N.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3857-22854
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Jones KS, Meadows SR, Schoenmakers I, Prentice A, Moore SE. Vitamin D Status Increases During Pregnancy and in Response to Vitamin D Supplementation in Rural Gambian Women. J Nutr 2020; 150:492-504. [PMID: 31834380 PMCID: PMC7056615 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is important to maternal, fetal, and infant health, but quality data on vitamin D status in low- and middle-income countries and response to cholecalciferol supplementation in pregnancy are sparse. OBJECTIVE We characterized vitamin D status and vitamin D metabolite change across pregnancy and in response to cholecalciferol supplementation in rural Gambia. METHODS This study was a secondary analysis of samples collected in a 4-arm trial of maternal nutritional supplementation [iron folic acid (FeFol); multiple micronutrients (MMN); protein energy (PE) as lipid-based supplement; PE + MMN]; MMN included 10 μg/d cholecalciferol. Plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3], 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [24,25(OH)2D3], and C3-epimer-25-hydroxycholecalciferol [3-epi-25(OH)D3] were measured by LC-MS/MS in 863 women [aged 30 ± 7 y (mean ± SD)] in early pregnancy (presupplementation) and late pregnancy, (gestational age 14 ± 3 and 30 ± 1 wk). Changes in 25(OH)D3 and vitamin D metabolite concentrations and associations with pregnancy stage and maternal age and anthropometry were tested. RESULTS Early pregnancy 25(OH)D3 concentration was 70 ± 15 nmol/L and increased according to pregnancy stage (82 ± 18 and 87 ± 17 nmol/L in the FeFol and PE-arms) and to cholecalciferol supplementation (95 ± 19 and 90 ± 20 nmol/L in the MMN and PE + MMN-arms) (P < 0.0001). There was no difference between supplemented groups. Early pregnancy 25(OH)D3 was positively associated with maternal age and gestational age. Change in 25(OH)D3 was negatively associated with late pregnancy, but not early pregnancy, triceps skinfold thickness. The pattern of change of 24,25(OH)2D3 mirrored that of 25(OH)D3 and appeared to flatten as pregnancy progressed, whereas 3-epi-25(OH)D3 concentration increased across pregnancy. CONCLUSION This study provides important data on the vitamin D status of a large cohort of healthy pregnant women in rural Africa. Without supplementation, vitamin D status increased during pregnancy, demonstrating that pregnancy stage should be considered when assessing vitamin D status. Nutritionally relevant cholecalciferol supplementation further increased vitamin D status. These data are relevant to the development of fortification and supplementation policies in pregnant women in West Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry S Jones
- MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK,NIHR Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Address correspondence to KSJ (e-mail: )
| | - Sarah R Meadows
- MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK,NIHR Nutritional Biomarker Laboratory, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Inez Schoenmakers
- MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Ann Prentice
- MRC Nutrition and Bone Health Research Group, MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK,MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia
| | - Sophie E Moore
- MRC Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia,Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, UK
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Karras SN, Koufakis T, Fakhoury H, Kotsa K. Deconvoluting the Biological Roles of Vitamin D-Binding Protein During Pregnancy: A Both Clinical and Theoretical Challenge. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:259. [PMID: 29875736 PMCID: PMC5974103 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The teleological purpose of an ongoing pregnancy is to fulfill its fundamental role of a successful, uncomplicated delivery, in conjunction with an optimal intrauterine environment for the developing fetus. Vitamin D metabolism is adapted to meet both these demands during pregnancy; first by stimulation of calcium absorption for adequate intrauterine bone mineral accrual of the fetus, and second, by enhancing systemic and local maternal tolerance to paternal and fetal alloantigens. Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) is one of the key biomolecules that optimize vitamin D homeostasis and also contributes as an immune regulator for a healthy, ongoing pregnancy. In this regard, recent results indicate that dysregulation of VDBP equilibrium could be a risk factor for adverse fetal, maternal, and neonatal outcomes, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes. Moreover, it has been hypothesized to be also implicated in the interpretation of vitamin D status in the pregnant state. The aim of this review is to assess available literature regarding the association of VDBP with clinical outcomes during pregnancy, as a potential biomarker for future clinical practice, with a discourse on current knowledge gaps and future research agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon N. Karras
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
- *Correspondence: Spyridon N. Karras,
| | - Theocharis Koufakis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hana Fakhoury
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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