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Wang Y, Cheng S, Fleishman JS, Chen J, Tang H, Chen ZS, Chen W, Ding M. Targeting anoikis resistance as a strategy for cancer therapy. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 75:101099. [PMID: 38850692 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Anoikis, known as matrix detachment-induced apoptosis or detachment-induced cell death, is crucial for tissue development and homeostasis. Cancer cells develop means to evade anoikis, e.g. anoikis resistance, thereby allowing for cells to survive under anchorage-independent conditions. Uncovering the mechanisms of anoikis resistance will provide details about cancer metastasis, and potential strategies against cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Here, we summarize the principal elements and core molecular mechanisms of anoikis and anoikis resistance. We discuss the latest progress of how anoikis and anoikis resistance are regulated in cancers. Furthermore, we summarize emerging data on selective compounds and nanomedicines, explaining how inhibiting anoikis resistance can serve as a meaningful treatment modality against cancers. Finally, we discuss the key limitations of this therapeutic paradigm and possible strategies to overcome them. In this review, we suggest that pharmacological modulation of anoikis and anoikis resistance by bioactive compounds could surmount anoikis resistance, highlighting a promising therapeutic regimen that could be used to overcome anoikis resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sihang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Wenkuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingchao Ding
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Intervention, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China.
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Tragkola V, Anestopoulos I, Kyriakou S, Amery T, Franco R, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI. Naturally-derived phenethyl isothiocyanate modulates apoptotic induction through regulation of the intrinsic cascade and resulting apoptosome formation in human malignant melanoma cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38919011 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2369666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer with increasing incidence rates worldwide. On the other hand, watercress is a rich source of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), among others, which has been widely investigated for its anticancer properties against various cancers. In the present study, we evaluated the role of a watercress extract in modulating apoptotic induction in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma consisting of melanoma (A375, COLO-679, COLO-800), non-melanoma epidermoid carcinoma (A431) and immortalized, non-tumorigenic keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Moreover, the chemical composition of the watercress extract was characterized through UPLC MS/MS and other analytical methodologies. In addition, cytotoxicity was assessed by the alamar blue assay whereas apoptosis was determined, initially, by a multiplex activity assay kit (measuring levels of activated caspases -3, -8 and -9) as well as by qRT-PCR for the identification of major genes regulating apoptosis. In addition, protein expression levels were evaluated by western immunoblotting. Our data indicate that the extract contains various phytochemicals (e.g. phenolics, flavonoids, pigments, etc.) while isothiocyanates (ITCs; especially PEITC) were the most abundant. In addition, the extract was shown to exert a significant time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity against all malignant melanoma cell lines while non-melanoma and non-tumorigenic cells exhibited significant resistance. Finally, expression profiling revealed a number of genes (and corresponding proteins) being implicated in regulating apoptotic induction through activation of the intrinsic apoptotic cascade. Overall, our data indicate the potential of PEITC as a promising anti-cancer agent in the clinical management of human malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venetia Tragkola
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Anestopoulos
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Sotiris Kyriakou
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Rodrigo Franco
- School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Erdem M, Lee KH, Hardt M, Regan JL, Kobelt D, Walther W, Mokrizkij M, Regenbrecht C, Stein U. MACC1 Regulates LGR5 to Promote Cancer Stem Cell Properties in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:604. [PMID: 38339354 PMCID: PMC10854991 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The high mortality is directly associated with metastatic disease, which is thought to be initiated by colon cancer stem cells, according to the cancer stem cell (CSC) model. Consequently, early identification of those patients who are at high risk for metastasis is crucial for improved treatment and patient outcomes. Metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) is a novel prognostic biomarker for tumor progression and metastasis formation independent of tumor stage. We previously showed an involvement of MACC1 in cancer stemness in the mouse intestine of our MACC1 transgenic mouse models. However, the expression of MACC1 in human CSCs and possible implications remain elusive. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms by which MACC1 regulates stemness and the CSC-associated invasive phenotype based on patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs), patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and human CRC cell lines. We showed that CD44-enriched CSCs from PDO models express significantly higher levels of MACC1 and LGR5 and display higher tumorigenicity in immunocompromised mice. Similarly, RNA sequencing performed on PDO and PDX models demonstrated significantly increased MACC1 expression in ALDH1(+) CSCs, highlighting its involvement in cancer stemness. We further showed the correlation of MACC1 with the CSC markers CD44, NANOG and LGR5 in PDO models as well as established cell lines. Additionally, MACC1 increased stem cell gene expression, clonogenicity and sphere formation. Strikingly, we showed that MACC1 binds as a transcription factor to the LGR5 gene promoter, uncovering the long-known CSC marker LGR5 as a novel essential signaling mediator employed by MACC1 to induce CSC-like properties in human CRC patients. Our in vitro findings were further substantiated by a significant positive correlation of MACC1 with LGR5 in CRC cell lines as well as CRC patient tumors. Taken together, this study indicates that the metastasis inducer MACC1 acts as a cancer stem cell-associated marker. Interventional approaches targeting MACC1 would potentially improve further targeted therapies for colorectal cancer patients to eradicate CSCs and prevent cancer recurrence and distant metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müge Erdem
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany (D.K.)
| | - Kyung Hwan Lee
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany (D.K.)
| | - Markus Hardt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany (D.K.)
| | - Joseph L. Regan
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, 13342 Berlin, Germany
- JLR Life Sciences Ltd., A96 A8D5 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dennis Kobelt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany (D.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Walther
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany (D.K.)
| | - Margarita Mokrizkij
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany (D.K.)
| | | | - Ulrike Stein
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors Research Group, 13125 Berlin, Germany (D.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Singla RK, Wang X, Gundamaraju R, Joon S, Tsagkaris C, Behzad S, Khan J, Gautam R, Goyal R, Rakmai J, Dubey AK, Simal-Gandara J, Shen B. Natural products derived from medicinal plants and microbes might act as a game-changer in breast cancer: a comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical studies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11880-11924. [PMID: 35838143 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2097196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent neoplasm among women. Genetic and environmental factors lead to BC development and on this basis, several preventive - screening and therapeutic interventions have been developed. Hormones, both in the form of endogenous hormonal signaling or hormonal contraceptives, play an important role in BC pathogenesis and progression. On top of these, breast microbiota includes both species with an immunomodulatory activity enhancing the host's response against cancer cells and species producing proinflammatory cytokines associated with BC development. Identification of novel multitargeted therapeutic agents with poly-pharmacological potential is a dire need to combat advanced and metastatic BC. A growing body of research has emphasized the potential of natural compounds derived from medicinal plants and microbial species as complementary BC treatment regimens, including dietary supplements and probiotics. In particular, extracts from plants such as Artemisia monosperma Delile, Origanum dayi Post, Urtica membranacea Poir. ex Savigny, Krameria lappacea (Dombey) Burdet & B.B. Simpson and metabolites extracted from microbes such as Deinococcus radiodurans and Streptomycetes strains as well as probiotics like Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus brevis MK05 have exhibited antitumor effects in the form of antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity, increase in tumors' chemosensitivity, antioxidant activity and modulation of BC - associated molecular pathways. Further, bioactive compounds like 3,3'-diindolylmethane, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, rutin, resveratrol, lycopene, sulforaphane, silibinin, rosmarinic acid, and shikonin are of special interest for the researchers and clinicians because these natural agents have multimodal action and act via multiple ways in managing the BC and most of these agents are regularly available in our food and fruit diets. Evidence from clinical trials suggests that such products had major potential in enhancing the effectiveness of conventional antitumor agents and decreasing their side effects. We here provide a comprehensive review of the therapeutic effects and mechanistic underpinnings of medicinal plants and microbial metabolites in BC management. The future perspectives on the translation of these findings to the personalized treatment of BC are provided and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER Stress and Mucosal Immunology Lab, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Shikha Joon
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sahar Behzad
- Evidence-based Phytotherapy and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rupesh Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, MM School of Pharmacy, MM University, Sadopur, Haryana, India
| | - Rajat Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, MM School of Pharmacy, MM University, Sadopur, Haryana, India
| | - Jaruporn Rakmai
- Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Liao W, Zhang L, Chen X, Xiang J, Zheng Q, Chen N, Zhao M, Zhang G, Xiao X, Zhou G, Zeng J, Tang J. Targeting cancer stem cells and signalling pathways through phytochemicals: A promising approach against colorectal cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154524. [PMID: 36375238 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are strongly associated with high tumourigenicity, chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance, and metastasis and recurrence, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, targeting CSCs may be a promising approach. Recently, discovery and research on phytochemicals that effectively target colorectal CSCs have been gaining popularity because of their broad safety profile and multi-target and multi-pathway modes of action. PURPOSE This review aimed to elucidate and summarise the effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals with potential anti-CSC agents that could contribute to the better management of CRC. METHODS We reviewed PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, ScienceDirect and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from the original publication date to March 2022 to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit CRC progression by targeting CSCs and their key signalling pathways. Phytochemicals were classified and summarised based on the mechanisms of action. RESULTS We observed that phytochemicals could affect the biological properties of colorectal CSCs. Phytochemicals significantly inhibit self-renewal, migration, invasion, colony formation, and chemoresistance and induce apoptosis and differentiation of CSCs by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (e.g., diallyl trisulfide and genistein), the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (e.g., caffeic acid and piperlongumine), the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein pathway (e.g., honokiol, quercetin, and α-mangostin), the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (e.g., curcumin, morin, and ursolic acid), and other key signalling pathways. It is worth noting that several phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, silibinin, evodiamine, and thymoquinone, highlight multi-target and multi-pathway effects in restraining the malignant biological behaviour of CSCs. CONCLUSIONS This review demonstrates the potential of targeted therapies for colorectal CSCs using phytochemicals. Phytochemicals could serve as novel therapeutic agents for CRC and aid in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Juyi Xiang
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Villota H, Santa-González GA, Uribe D, Henao IC, Arroyave-Ospina JC, Barrera-Causil CJ, Pedroza-Díaz J. Modulatory Effect of Chlorogenic Acid and Coffee Extracts on Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224880. [PMID: 36432565 PMCID: PMC9693551 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-Catenin pathway alterations present in colorectal cancer (CRC) are of special interest in the development of new therapeutic strategies to impact carcinogenesis and the progression of CRC. In this context, different polyphenols present in natural products have been reported to have modulatory effects against the Wnt pathway in CRC. In this study, we evaluate the effect of two polyphenol-rich coffee extracts and chlorogenic acid (CGA) against SW480 and HT-29 CRC cells. This involved the use of MTT and SRB techniques for cell viability; wound healing and invasion assay for the evaluation of the migration and invasion process; T cell factor (TCF) reporter plasmid for the evaluation of transciption factor (TCF) transcriptional activity; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of target genes and confocal fluorescence microscopy for β-Catenin and E-Cadherin protein fluorescence levels; and subcellular localization. Our results showed a potential modulatory effect of the Wnt pathway on CRC cells, and we observed a reduction in the transcriptional activity of β-catenin. All the results were prominent in SW480 cells, where the Wnt pathway deregulation has more relevance and implies a constitutive activation of the signaling pathway. These results establish a starting point for the discovery of a mechanism of action associated with these effects and corroborate the anticancer potential of polyphenols present in coffee, which could be explored as chemopreventive molecules or as adjunctive therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Villota
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín 050012, Colombia
| | - Gloria A. Santa-González
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín 050012, Colombia
| | - Diego Uribe
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín 050012, Colombia
| | - Isabel Cristina Henao
- Productos Naturales Marinos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Johanna C. Arroyave-Ospina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos J. Barrera-Causil
- Grupo de Investigación Davinci, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín 050034, Colombia
| | - Johanna Pedroza-Díaz
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Aplicadas, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, Medellín 050012, Colombia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-604-440-5291
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Peña M, Guzmán A, Martínez R, Mesas C, Prados J, Porres JM, Melguizo C. Preventive effects of Brassicaceae family for colon cancer prevention: A focus on in vitro studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113145. [PMID: 35623168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of adverse effects and resistance to colorectal cancer (CRC) current therapies calls for the development of new strategies aimed at both preventing and treating. In this context, functional extracts from Brassicaceae family contains abundant bioactive compounds directly related to a positive effect on human health including cancer. The main objective of this systematic review is to compile all recent studies that analyzed the in vitro antiproliferative activity of functional extracts or isolated molecules from the Brassicaceae family against CRC. A total of 711 articles published between January 2011 and May 2021 were identified. Of them, 68 met our inclusion criteria. Different standardized protocols using variable parts of plants of the Brassicaceae family resulted in diverse bioactive extracts and/or compounds. Most of them were related to isothiocyanates, which showed significant antitumor activity against CRC. These in vitro studies provide an excellent guide to direct research on the applications of plants of the Brassicaceae family to the prevention of this type of tumor. The extracts and molecules with demonstrated activity against CRC should be tested in vivo and in clinical trials to determine their usefulness in the prevention of this cancer to reduce its global incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Peña
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Guzmán
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Cellbitec S.L., N.I.F. B04847216, Scientific Headquarters of the Almería Technology Park, Universidad de Almería, 04128 La Cañada, Almería, Spain
| | - Rosario Martínez
- Cellbitec S.L., N.I.F. B04847216, Scientific Headquarters of the Almería Technology Park, Universidad de Almería, 04128 La Cañada, Almería, Spain; Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jesús M Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
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Coscueta ER, Sousa AS, Reis CA, Pintado MM. Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate: A Bioactive Agent for Gastrointestinal Health. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030794. [PMID: 35164058 PMCID: PMC8838155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of gastrointestinal pathologies (cancer in particular) has increased progressively, with considerable morbidity and mortality, and a high economic impact on the healthcare system. The dietary intake of natural phytochemicals with certain bioactive properties has shown therapeutic and preventive effects on these pathologies. This includes the cruciferous vegetable derivative phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a bioactive compound present in some vegetables, such as watercress. Notably, PEITC has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, and anticarcinogenic properties. This review summarized the current knowledge on the role of PEITC as a potential natural nutraceutical or an adjuvant against oxidative/inflammatory-related disorders in the gastrointestinal tract. We also discussed the safe and recommended dose of PEITC. In addition, we established a framework to guide the research and development of sustainable methodologies for obtaining and stabilizing this natural molecule for industrial use. With PEITC, there is great potential to develop a viable strategy for preventing cancer and other associated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. However, this topic still needs more scientific studies to help develop new PEITC products for the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, or food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel R. Coscueta
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.S.); (M.M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225-580-001 (ext. 8047)
| | - Ana Sofia Sousa
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.S.); (M.M.P.)
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
- IPATIMUP—Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.S.); (M.M.P.)
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Xu YQ, Qiao SY, Wang ZQ, Cui MY, Tan DP, Feng H, Mei XS, Li G, Cheng L. Quantitative Determination of 15 Active Components in Lepidium meyenii with UHPLC-PDA and GC-MS. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:6333989. [PMID: 34513111 PMCID: PMC8426638 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6333989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a method using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array (UHPLC-PDA) was established and validated for the simultaneous quantification of 10 active components, including eight macamides and two glucosinolates, in Lepidium meyenii (maca). A gas chromatographic mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method was used to determine the levels of three benzyl isothiocyanates and two sterols in maca. Liquid chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity UHPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.8 μm) with gradient elution over 15 min. The mobile phase was (B) acetonitrile-(A) 10 mM aqueous ammonium phosphate, and the detection wavelength was 210 nm. The gas chromatographic separation was performed on an SH-Rxi-1 MS column, and the ionization mode was electron ionization (EI). Two methods were confirmed to have desirable precision (RSD < 1.58%), repeatability (RSD < 1.97%), stability (RSD < 1.76%), and good linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.999) within the test range. The recoveries were in the range of 96.79-109.99%, with an RSD below 2.39%. We applied the established methods and successfully analyzed 15 compounds in maca processed under different drying conditions, providing a comprehensive reference for maca processing method of development. In summary, this study provided two rapid and effective methods for the quantification of 15 active components, which contributed to the in-depth maca quality control and provided a reference for the development of maca products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-qing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China
| | - San-yang Qiao
- Beijing LabTech Instrument Co.,Ltd., Beijing 101312, China
| | - Zi-qian Wang
- Jiangxi Drug Inspection Centre, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330029, China
| | - Meng-yao Cui
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Dao-peng Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China
| | - Hong Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China
| | - Xing-sha Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Geng Li
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Long Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China
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10
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Oliveira-Alves SC, Andrade F, Prazeres I, Silva AB, Capelo J, Duarte B, Caçador I, Coelho J, Serra AT, Bronze MR. Impact of Drying Processes on the Nutritional Composition, Volatile Profile, Phytochemical Content and Bioactivity of Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1312. [PMID: 34439560 PMCID: PMC8389250 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods is a halophyte plant recognized as a promising natural ingredient and will eventually be recognized a salt substitute (NaCl). However, its shelf-life and applicability in several food matrices requires the use of drying processes, which may have an impact on its nutritional and functional value. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oven and freeze-drying processes on the nutritional composition, volatile profile, phytochemical content, and bioactivity of S. ramosissima using several analytical tools (LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and SPME-GC-MS) and bioactivity assays (ORAC, HOSC, and ACE inhibition and antiproliferative effect on HT29 cells). Overall, results show that the drying process changes the chemical composition of the plant. When compared to freeze-drying, the oven-drying process had a lower impact on the nutritional composition but the phytochemical content and antioxidant capacity were significantly reduced. Despite this, oven-dried and freeze-dried samples demonstrated similar antiproliferative (17.56 mg/mL and 17.24 mg/mL, respectively) and antihypertensive (24.56 mg/mL and 18.96 mg/mL, respectively) activities. The volatile composition was also affected when comparing fresh and dried plants and between both drying processes: while for the freeze-dried sample, terpenes corresponded to 57% of the total peak area, a decrease to 17% was observed for the oven-dried sample. The oven-dried S. ramosissima was selected to formulate a ketchup and the product formulated with 2.2% (w/w) of the oven-dried plant showed a good consumer acceptance score. These findings support the use of dried S. ramosissima as a promising functional ingredient that can eventually replace the use of salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila C. Oliveira-Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (S.C.O.-A.); (F.A.); (I.P.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Fábio Andrade
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (S.C.O.-A.); (F.A.); (I.P.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Inês Prazeres
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (S.C.O.-A.); (F.A.); (I.P.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Andreia B. Silva
- DCFM, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas e do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. das Forças Armadas, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- iMed ULisboa, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jorge Capelo
- INIAV, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Av. da República, 2780-505 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (B.D.); (I.C.)
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Caçador
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (B.D.); (I.C.)
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Júlio Coelho
- Horta da Ria Lda., Rua de São Rui, 3830-362 Gafanha Nazaré, Portugal;
| | - Ana Teresa Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (S.C.O.-A.); (F.A.); (I.P.); (A.T.S.)
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria R. Bronze
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (S.C.O.-A.); (F.A.); (I.P.); (A.T.S.)
- iMed ULisboa, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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11
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Chapado LA, Martín-Hernández R, Hernández de la Red S, Tomé-Carneiro J, Gil-Zamorano J, Ruiz-Roso MB, Del Saz A, Crespo MC, Del Pozo-Acebo L, Arantes Ferreira Peres W, de la Peña G, López de Las Hazas MC, Dávalos A. Connection between miRNA Mediation and the Bioactive Effects of Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea var. italica): Exogenous miRNA Resistance to Food Processing and GI Digestion. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9326-9337. [PMID: 34358423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and its bioactive compounds are associated with beneficial health effects, which might be enabled, at least in part, through miRNA regulation, despite recent controversial studies suggesting that exogenous dietary miRNAs may reach host circulation and target cells to regulate gene expression. Here, a computational analysis was performed to explore the processes and pathways associated with genes targeted either by (1) host-expressed miRNAs (endogenous) modulated by the bioactive compounds in broccoli or (2) miRNAs derived from broccoli (exogenous). In addition, the stability of exogenous miRNAs from broccoli was assessed after broccoli was subjected to the usual processing methods and in vitro digestion-simulating gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. Overall, bioinformatic results show that the anticarcinogenic and cancer-preventive properties attributed to cruciferous vegetables might be mediated, at least in part, through miRNA-related mechanisms. Moreover, results show that broccoli-derived miRNAs can survive common food-processing conditions and GI digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Chapado
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Martín-Hernández
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Hernández de la Red
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - João Tomé-Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Judit Gil-Zamorano
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Belén Ruiz-Roso
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Del Saz
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Del Pozo-Acebo
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Wilza Arantes Ferreira Peres
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Gema de la Peña
- Department of Biochemistry-Research, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Ctra. De Cantoblanco 8, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Antiproliferative Effect of Colonic Fermented Phenolic Compounds from Jaboticaba ( Myrciaria trunciflora) Fruit Peel in a 3D Cell Model of Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154469. [PMID: 34361622 PMCID: PMC8347777 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Jaboticaba is a Brazilian native berry described as a rich source of phenolic compounds (PC) with health promoting effects. PC from jaboticaba peel powder (JPP) have low intestinal bio-accessibility and are catabolized by gut microbiota. However, the biological implication of PC-derived metabolites produced during JPP digestion remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of colonic fermented JPP (FJPP) in a 3D model of colorectal cancer (CRC) composed by HT29 spheroids. JPP samples fermented with human feces during 0, 2, 8, 24 or 48 h were incubated (10,000 µg mL−1) with spheroids, and cell viability was assessed after 72 h. Chemometric analyses (cluster and principal component analyses) were used to identify the main compounds responsible for the bioactive effect. The antiproliferative effect of FJPP in the CRC 3D model was increased between 8 h and 24 h of incubation, and this effect was associated with HHDP-digalloylglucose isomer and dihydroxyphenyl-γ-valerolactone. At 48 h of fermentation, the antiproliferative effect of FJPP was negligible, indicating that the presence of urolithins did not improve the bioactivity of JPP. These findings provide relevant knowledge on the role of colonic microbiota fermentation to generate active phenolic metabolites from JPP with positive impact on CRC.
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13
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Targeting cancer stem cells by nutraceuticals for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:234-245. [PMID: 34273521 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an essential role in tumor progression and reoccurrence and drug resistance. Multiple signaling pathways have been revealed to be critically participated in CSC development and maintenance. Emerging evidence indicates that numerous chemopreventive compounds, also known as nutraceuticals, could eliminate CSCs in part via regulating several signaling pathways. Therefore, in this review, we will describe the some natural chemopreventive agents that target CSCs in a variety of human malignancies, including soy isoflavone, curcumin, resveratrol, tea polyphenols, sulforaphane, quercetin, indole-3-carbinol, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, withaferin A, apigenin, etc. Moreover, we discuss that eliminating CSCs by nutraceuticals might be a promising strategy for treating human cancer via overcoming drug resistance and reducing tumor reoccurrence.
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14
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Erkisa M, Sariman M, Geyik OG, Geyik CG, Stanojkovic T, Ulukay E. Natural Products as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy to Target Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:741-783. [PMID: 34182899 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210628131409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still a deadly disease, and its treatment desperately needs to be managed in a very sophisticated way through fast-developing novel strategies. Most of the cancer cases eventually develop into recurrencies, for which cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be responsible. They are considered as a subpopulation of all cancer cells of tumor tissue with aberrant regulation of self-renewal, unbalanced proliferation, and cell death properties. Moreover, CSCs show a serious degree of resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and immune surveillance as well. Therefore, new classes of drugs are rushing into the market each year, which makes the cost of therapy increase dramatically. Natural products are also becoming a new research area as a diverse chemical library to suppress CSCs. Some of the products even show promise in this regard. So, the near future could witness the introduction of natural products as a source of new chemotherapy modalities, which may result in the development of novel anticancer drugs. They could also be a reasonably-priced alternative to highly expensive current treatments. Nowadays, considering the effects of natural compounds on targeting surface markers, signaling pathways, apoptosis, and escape from immunosurveillance have been a highly intriguing area in preclinical and clinical research. In this review, we present scientific advances regarding their potential use in the inhibition of CSCs and the mechanisms by which they kill the CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Erkisa
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melda Sariman
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oyku Gonul Geyik
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caner Geyik Geyik
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tatjana Stanojkovic
- Experimental Oncology Deparment, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Pasterova 14. Serbia
| | - Engin Ulukay
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Zhang R, Liu P, Zhang X, Ye Y, Yu J. Lin28A promotes the proliferation and stemness of lung cancer cells via the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway dependent on microRNA let-7c. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:982. [PMID: 34277782 PMCID: PMC8267304 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Among patients with lung cancer, metastatic and relapsed cases account for the largest proportion of disease-associated deaths. Tumor metastasis and relapse are believed to originate from cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have the capacity to be highly proliferative and invasive. In our previous studies, we established a conditional basement membrane extract-based (BME-based) 3-dimensional (3D) culture system to mimic the tumor growth environment in vivo and further amplified lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) in our system. However, the molecular mechanisms of LCSC amplification and development in our 3D culture system have not been fully uncovered. Method We established the conditional 3D culture system to amplify LCSCs in other lung cancer cell lines, followed by examining the expression of Lin28A and let-7 microRNAs in them. We also explored the expression of Lin28A and let-7 microRNAs in LCSCs from clinical lung cancer tissue samples and even analyzed the correlation of Lin28A/let-7c and patients’ survival outcomes. We further constructed A549 cells either knockdown of Lin28A or overexpression of let-7c, followed by investigating stemness marker gene expression, and stemness phenotypes including mammosphere culture, cell migration and invasion in vitro, as well as tumorigenicity in vivo. Results Here, we observed that Lin28A/let-7c was dysregulated in LCSCs in both the 3D culture system and lung cancer tissues. Further, the abnormal expression of Lin28A/let-7c was correlated with poor survival outcomes. Via the construction of A549 cells with let-7c over-expression, we found that let-7c inhibited the maintenance of LCSC properties, while the results of Lin28A knockdown showed that Lin28A played a critical role in the enrichment and proliferation of LCSCs via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Importantly, we found that LCSCs with knockdown of Lin28A or over-expression of let-7c exhibited inhibited carcinogenesis and disrupted expansion in vivo. Conclusions Our study uncovered the functions and mechanisms of the Lin28A/let-7c/MAPK signaling pathway in promoting the proliferation and cancer stemness of LCSCs, which might be a potential therapeutic target for reducing and even eliminating LCSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingnan Ye
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinpu Yu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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16
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Hossain S, Liu Z, Wood RJ. Association between histone deacetylase activity and vitamin D-dependent gene expressions in relation to sulforaphane in human colorectal cancer cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1833-1843. [PMID: 32964464 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is relatively unknown as to how dietary bioactive compound sulforaphane (SFN) and vitamin D regulate gene expression in colorectal cancer. We hypothesized that a combination of SFN with vitamin D would prove beneficial in colorectal cancer. A combinatorial chemo-preventive strategy was employed to investigate the impact of SFN on chromatin remodeling in colorectal carcinoma. To understand the epigenetics-mediated changes in gene expression in response to SFN and vitamin D, Caco-2 cells were exposed for 24 h to vitamin D (100 nmol L-1 ) either alone or in combination with SFN and trichostatin A (20 and 1 μmol L-1 , respectively) at 70% confluency (proliferating) and after 13 days post-confluency (fully differentiated). Changes to VDR, CYP24A1, CYP27B1 and TRPV6 gene expressions were quantified using real-time PCR-based assays. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor activity was assessed using HDAC I/II assay that measured global changes in acetylation status. RESULTS In differentiated Caco-2 cells, none of the genes had significant changes from D alone group. D + SFN (P = 0.99) demonstrated an opposing effect from D alone and decreased VDR expression. However, in proliferating Caco-2 cells, D + SFN (P < 0.04) increased VDR expression and decreased CYP27B1 (P < 0.01) more than D alone (P = 0.38 and 0.07, respectively). Although statistically significant, D + SFN (P = 0.01) effect on HDAC inhibitor activity was less than trichostatin A alone group (P < 0.0004) or SFN alone group (P < 0.0014). CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that colon cancer cells respond to dietary components differently under different conditions. The effect of vitamin D and SFN is selective and gene-specific in the complex multistep process of colorectal carcinogenesis in vitro. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Richard J Wood
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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17
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Salehi B, Quispe C, Butnariu M, Sarac I, Marmouzi I, Kamle M, Tripathi V, Kumar P, Bouyahya A, Capanoglu E, Ceylan FD, Singh L, Bhatt ID, Sawicka B, Krochmal-Marczak B, Skiba D, El Jemli M, El Jemli Y, Coy-Barrera E, Sharifi-Rad J, Kamiloglu S, Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL, Segura-Carretero A, Kumar M, Martorell M. Phytotherapy and food applications from Brassica genus. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3590-3609. [PMID: 33666283 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants of the genus Brassica occupy the top place among vegetables in the world. This genus, which contains a group of six related species of a global economic significance, three of which are diploid: Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch, Brassica oleracea L., and Brassica rapa L. and three are amphidiploid species: Brassica carinata A. Braun, Brassica juncea (L.) Czern., and Brassica napus L. These varieties are divided into oily, fodder, spice, and vegetable based on their morphological structure, chemical composition, and usefulness of plant organs. The present review provides information about habitat, phytochemical composition, and the bioactive potential of Brassica plants, mainly antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer activities, and clinical studies in human. Brassica vegetables are of great economic importance around the world. At present, Brassica plants are grown together with cereals and form the basis of global food supplies. They are distinguished by high nutritional properties from other vegetable plants, such as low fat and protein content and high value of vitamins, fibers along with minerals. In addition, they possess several phenolic compounds and have a unique type of compounds namely glucosinolates that differentiate these crops from other vegetables. These compounds are also responsible for numerous biological activities to the genus Brassica as described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania", Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Sarac
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania", Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ilias Marmouzi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Madhu Kamle
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli, India
| | - Vijay Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli, India
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Duygu Ceylan
- Faculty of Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Laxman Singh
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Almora, India
| | - Indra D Bhatt
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Almora, India
| | - Barbara Sawicka
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Krochmal-Marczak
- Department of Production and Food Safety, State Higher Vocational School named after Stanislaw Pigon, Krosno, Poland
| | - Dominika Skiba
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Meryem El Jemli
- Pharmacodynamy Research Team ERP, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yousra El Jemli
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Cadi Ayyad Marrakech, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Ericsson Coy-Barrera
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Campus Nueva Granada, Cajicá, Colombia
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Senem Kamiloglu
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center (BITAUM), Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion, Chile
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18
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Rodrigues LA, Pereira CV, Partidário AMC, Gouveia LF, Simões P, Paiva A, Matias AA. Supercritical CO2 extraction of bioactive lipids from canned sardine waste streams. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Eltamany EE, Elhady SS, Ahmed HA, Badr JM, Noor AO, Ahmed SA, Nafie MS. Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities and Molecular Docking Simulation of Carrichtera annua DC. (Cruciferae). Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1286. [PMID: 33339242 PMCID: PMC7766671 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our investigation intended to analyze the chemical composition and the antioxidant activity of Carrichtera annua and to evaluate the antiproliferative effect of C. annua crude and phenolics extracts by MTT assay on a panel of cancerous and non-cancerous breast and liver cell lines. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents of C. annua were 47.3 ± 17.9 mg RE/g and 83.8 ± 5.3 mg respectively. C. annua extract exhibited remarkable antioxidant capacity (50.92 ± 5.64 mg GAE/g) in comparison with BHT (74.86 ± 3.92 mg GAE/g). Moreover, the extract exhibited promising reduction ability (1.17 mMol Fe+2/g) in comparison to the positive control (ascorbic acid with 2.75 ± 0.91) and it displayed some definite radical scavenging effect on DPPH (IC50 values of 211.9 ± 3.7 µg/mL). Chemical profiling of C. annua extract was achieved by LC-ESI-TOF-MS/MS analysis. Forty-nine hits mainly polyphenols were detected. Flavonoid fraction of C. annua was more active than the crude extract. It demonstrated selective cytotoxicity against the MCF-7 and HepG2 cells (IC50 = 13.04 and 19.3 µg/mL respectively), induced cell cycle arrest at pre-G1 and G2/M-phases and displayed apoptotic effect. Molecular docking studies supported our findings and revealed that kaempferol-3,7-O-bis-α-L-rhamnoside and kaempferol-3-rutinoside were the most active inhibitors of Bcl-2. Therefore, C. annua herb seems to be a promising candidate to further advance anticancer research. In extrapolation, the intake of C. annua phenolics might be adventitious for alleviating breast and liver malignancies and tumoral proliferation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas E. Eltamany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (H.A.A.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Haidy A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (H.A.A.); (J.M.B.)
- Ismailia Health Affairs Directorate, Ismailia 41525, Egypt
| | - Jihan M. Badr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (H.A.A.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Ahmad O. Noor
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safwat A. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; (E.E.E.); (H.A.A.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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20
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Coscueta ER, Reis CA, Pintado M. Phenylethyl Isothiocyanate Extracted from Watercress By-Products with Aqueous Micellar Systems: Development and Optimisation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080698. [PMID: 32756474 PMCID: PMC7465691 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) was reported as a useful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive agent. Due to technological and stability issues, it is necessary to be able to extract PEITC from its natural matrix (watercress) through sustainable and scalable methodologies. In this article, we explored, for the first time, the extractive capacity of aqueous micellar systems (AMSs) of two non-ionic surfactants. For this, we compared the AMSs with conventional organic solvents. Furthermore, we developed and optimised a new integral PEITC production and extraction process by a multifactorial experimental design. Finally, we analysed the antioxidant capacity by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ABTS methods. As results, the AMSs were able to extract PEITC at the same level as the tested conventional solvents. In addition, we optimised by response surface methodology the integrated process (2.0% m/m, 25.0 °C, pH 9.0), which was equally effective (ca. 2900 µg PEITC/g watercress), regardless of the surfactant used. The optimal extracts showed greater antioxidant capacity than pure PEITC, due to other antioxidant compounds extracted in the process. In conclusion, by the present work, we developed an innovative cost-effective and low environmental impact process for obtaining PEITC extracts from watercress by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel R. Coscueta
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (E.R.C.); (M.P.); Tel.: +351-22-558-0001 (M.P.)
| | - Celso A. Reis
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (E.R.C.); (M.P.); Tel.: +351-22-558-0001 (M.P.)
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21
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Tomasello B, Di Mauro MD, Malfa GA, Acquaviva R, Sinatra F, Spampinato G, Laudani S, Villaggio G, Bielak-Zmijewska A, Grabowska W, Barbagallo IA, Liuzzo MT, Sbisà E, Forte MG, Di Giacomo C, Bonucci M, Renis M. Rapha Myr ®, a Blend of Sulforaphane and Myrosinase, Exerts Antitumor and Anoikis-Sensitizing Effects on Human Astrocytoma Cells Modulating Sirtuins and DNA Methylation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5328. [PMID: 32727075 PMCID: PMC7432334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain and other nervous system cancers are the 10th leading cause of death worldwide. Genome instability, cell cycle deregulation, epigenetic mechanisms, cytoarchitecture disassembly, redox homeostasis as well as apoptosis are involved in carcinogenesis. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is inversely related with the risk of developing cancer. Several studies report that cruciferous vegetables exhibited antiproliferative effects due to the multi-pharmacological functions of their secondary metabolites such as isothiocyanate sulforaphane deriving from the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates. We treated human astrocytoma 1321N1 cells for 24 h with different concentrations (0.5, 1.25 and 2.5% v/v) of sulforaphane plus active myrosinase (Rapha Myr®) aqueous extract (10 mg/mL). Cell viability, DNA fragmentation, PARP-1 and γH2AX expression were examined to evaluate genotoxic effects of the treatment. Cell cycle progression, p53 and p21 expression, apoptosis, cytoskeleton morphology and cell migration were also investigated. In addition, global DNA methylation, DNMT1 mRNA levels and nuclear/mitochondrial sirtuins were studied as epigenetic biomarkers. Rapha Myr® exhibited low antioxidant capability and exerted antiproliferative and genotoxic effects on 1321N1 cells by blocking the cell cycle, disarranging cytoskeleton structure and focal adhesions, decreasing the integrin α5 expression, renewing anoikis and modulating some important epigenetic pathways independently of the cellular p53 status. In addition, Rapha Myr® suppresses the expression of the oncogenic p53 mutant protein. These findings promote Rapha Myr® as a promising chemotherapeutic agent for integrated cancer therapy of human astrocytoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.D.D.M.); (G.A.M.); (R.A.); (I.A.B.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Maria Domenica Di Mauro
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.D.D.M.); (G.A.M.); (R.A.); (I.A.B.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.D.D.M.); (G.A.M.); (R.A.); (I.A.B.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.D.D.M.); (G.A.M.); (R.A.); (I.A.B.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Fulvia Sinatra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Giorgia Spampinato
- Services Center B.R.I.T. of the University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Samuele Laudani
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Giusy Villaggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95125 Catania, Italy; (F.S.); (S.L.); (G.V.)
| | - Anna Bielak-Zmijewska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Wioleta Grabowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Ignazio Alberto Barbagallo
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.D.D.M.); (G.A.M.); (R.A.); (I.A.B.); (C.D.G.)
| | | | - Elisabetta Sbisà
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies -National Research Council Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | | | - Claudia Di Giacomo
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.D.D.M.); (G.A.M.); (R.A.); (I.A.B.); (C.D.G.)
| | - Massimo Bonucci
- Association Research Center for Integrative Oncology Treatments (ARTOI), 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marcella Renis
- Department of Drug Science, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; (M.D.D.M.); (G.A.M.); (R.A.); (I.A.B.); (C.D.G.)
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22
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Liu F, Lv RB, Liu Y, Hao Q, Liu SJ, Zheng YY, Li C, Zhu C, Wang M. Salinomycin and Sulforaphane Exerted Synergistic Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Effects on Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in vitro and in vivo. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4957-4969. [PMID: 32581555 PMCID: PMC7276212 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s246706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both salinomycin (SAL) and sulforaphane (SFN) exert their antitumorigenic effects in various types of cancer We investigated whether combining salinomycin (SAL, an antibiotic ionophore) with sulforaphane (SFN, a phytochemical) exerted synergistic antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro and in vivo by evaluating the proliferative and apoptotic responses of two CRC cell lines. Materials and Methods The combination index (CI) was calculated using the Chou-Talalay method, and the effects of the synergistic combination (CI<1) of lower doses of SAL and SFN were selected for further studies. Anti-tumor effect of the combination of SAL and SFN was tested both in vitro and in vivo. Results Cotreatment effectively inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion and enhanced apoptosis. The xenograft model also showed similar results. Furthermore, we evaluated the molecular mechanism behind SAL- and SFN-mediated CRC cell apoptosis. The combination treatment induced apoptosis in Caco-2 and CX-1 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway, which increased the expression of the tumor suppressor protein p53. The treatment also decreased the expression of the survival protein Bcl-2 and increased the expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax, which increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, as well as enhanced poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Upon inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway with LY294002 prior to cotreatment, we detected enhanced PARP cleavage compared to that in the cotreatment only group. Conclusion We investigated whether the combination of SAL and SFN had antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Cotreatment also significantly decreased migration and invasion compared to that of the control and SAL or SFN monotherapies. This novel combination of SAL and SFN might provide a potential strategy to treat CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Bin Lv
- Department of PET/CT, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Emergency, Dongping Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271500, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Hao
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Jie Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zibo Spring Hospital Co., Ltd, Zibo, Shandong 255022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Practice, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
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23
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Supercritical fluid extraction of Arbutus unedo distillate residues – Impact of process conditions on antiproliferative response of extracts. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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24
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Oliveira-Alves SC, Pereira RS, Pereira AB, Ferreira A, Mecha E, Silva AB, Serra AT, Bronze MR. Identification of functional compounds in baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) nuts: Nutritional value, volatile and phenolic composition, antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effect. Food Res Int 2020; 131:109026. [PMID: 32247467 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to contribute to the nutritional and functional characterization of roasted baru nuts, a seed widely consumed and produced in Brazil. Baru nut was characterized in terms of its nutritional value and volatile composition (SPME-GC-MS analysis). The ultrasound assisted extraction was used to extract free and bound phenolic compounds that were identified by LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS method. Bioactivity assays were carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity (ORAC and HOSC assay) and anticancer effect (inhibition of HT29 cell growth and targeting of cancer stemness) of baru nut extracts and phenolic compounds. Results showed that baru is a good source of protein and monounsaturated fatty acids, specifically oleic acid (47.20 g/100 g). The predominant volatile compounds are hexanal (71.18%) and 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine (9.43%). The main phenolic compounds identified were gallic acid and its derivatives, such as gallic acid esters and gallotannins. Among all, gallic acid and methyl gallate seemed to be the main compounds responsible for the high antioxidant activity. The antiproliferative effect evaluated of baru extracts in HT29 cell line showed ability to impair cell growth in both monolayer and spheroid cultures and to reduce ALDH+ population. These results supply new information about the functional compounds presents in baru nut, which are important sources of natural antioxidants and antiproliferative compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila C Oliveira-Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Rafaela Sofia Pereira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Bárbara Pereira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - António Ferreira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Elsa Mecha
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Andreia B Silva
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria R Bronze
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
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25
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Reglero C, Reglero G. Precision Nutrition and Cancer Relapse Prevention: A Systematic Literature Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2799. [PMID: 31744117 PMCID: PMC6893579 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer mortality rates are undergoing a global downward trend; however, metastasis and relapse after surgery and adjuvant treatments still correlate with poor prognosis and represent the most significant challenges in the treatment of this disease. Advances in genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics are improving our understanding regarding cancer metabolic diversity, resulting in detailed classifications of tumors and raising the effectiveness of precision medicine. Likewise, the growing knowledge of interactions between nutrients and the expression of certain genes could lead to cancer therapies based on precision nutrition strategies. This review aims to identify the recent advances in the knowledge of the mechanistic role of bioactive phytochemicals in foodstuffs in tumor progression, metastasis, and chemo-resistance in order to assess their potential use in precision nutrition therapies targeting relapse in lung, breast, colon, and prostate cancer, and leukemia. A considerable number of bioactive phytochemicals in foodstuffs were identified in the literature with proven effects modulating tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. In addition, the use of foodstuffs in cancer, and specifically in relapse therapies, is being reinforced by the development of different formulations that significantly increase the therapeutic efficiency of these products. This can open the possibility for testing combinations of bioactive phytochemicals with cancer relapse treatments as a potential prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Reglero
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- IMDEA Food Institute, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL), Autónoma de Madrid University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Singh VK, Arora D, Ansari MI, Sharma PK. Phytochemicals based chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic strategies and modern technologies to overcome limitations for better clinical applications. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3064-3089. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vipendra Kumar Singh
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad‐ 201002 India
| | - Deepika Arora
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Material and Measurement LaboratoryNational Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg 20899 Maryland USA
| | - Mohammad Imran Ansari
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad‐ 201002 India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Sharma
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Laboratory, Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research Lucknow India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad‐ 201002 India
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27
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Sousa DP, Pojo M, Pinto AT, Leite V, Serra AT, Cavaco BM. Nobiletin Alone or in Combination with Cisplatin Decreases the Viability of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:352-363. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1634745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana P. Sousa
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Rua Professor Lima Basto, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Pojo
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Rua Professor Lima Basto, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana T. Pinto
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Rua Professor Lima Basto, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Rua Professor Lima Basto, Lisboa, Portugal
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Rua Professor Lima Basto, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Branca M. Cavaco
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil E.P.E., Rua Professor Lima Basto, Lisboa, Portugal
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28
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Zhou JW, Wang M, Sun NX, Qing Y, Yin TF, Li C, Wu D. Sulforaphane-induced epigenetic regulation of Nrf2 expression by DNA methyltransferase in human Caco-2 cells. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2639-2647. [PMID: 31452747 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying sulforaphane-mediated epigenetic regulation of nuclear factor-erythroid derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) expression in human colon cancer. Proteins were extracted from normal Caco-2 cells using sulforaphane and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) combined with trichostatin A (TSA). The mRNA and protein expression levels and activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) were determined. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and bisulfite genomic sequencing were also used to measure the methylation levels of CpG sites in the Nrf2 promoter region. Nrf2 expression was measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that sulforaphane did not affect DNMT1 mRNA expression levels. DNMT1 protein expression was inhibited by sulforaphane and 5-Aza co-treatment with TSA. Nrf2 promoter methylation decreased significantly in the sulforaphane group compared with the control group. Nrf2 promoter methylation level in the 5-Aza+TSA group was the lowest among all groups. Nrf2 mRNA levels exhibited significant differences between the sulforaphane-treated and control groups, as well as between the 5-Aza+TSA and control groups, and the sulforaphane-treated and 5-Aza+TSA groups. Nrf2 protein expression was also inhibited by sulforaphane, as well as 5-Aza co-treatment with TSA. The results revealed that sulforaphane may promote demethylation of the Nrf2 promoter region to increase activation of Nrf2, which induces chemoprevention of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Zhou
- Medical School, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China.,Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Nuan-Xin Sun
- Jiangxi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ying Qing
- Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Teng-Fei Yin
- Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of General Practice, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Cheng Y, Wen G, Sun Y, Shen Y, Zeng Y, Du M, Zhu G, Wang G, Meng X. Osteopontin Promotes Colorectal Cancer Cell Invasion and the Stem Cell-Like Properties through the PI3K-AKT-GSK/3β-β/Catenin Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:3014-3025. [PMID: 31017126 PMCID: PMC6496974 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteopontin (OPN) is a molecule expressed in numerous cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC) that correlates disease progression. The interaction of OPN that promotes CRC cell migration, invasion, and cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) have not been elucidated. Hence, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms that might be involved. MATERIAL AND METHODS Expression of OPN in tumor tissues derived from patients was monitored with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Wound healing and Transwell assay were used to test the differences in migration and invasion in an OPN enriched environment and OPN knockdown condition. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) positive stem cells were isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) following the protocol of the ALDEFLUOR™ kit. The expression of protein participation in the PI3K-Akt-GSK/3ß-ß/catenin pathway was detected by western blot. RESULTS OPN exhibited increased levels in CRC tumor tissue compared with non-tumor normal tissue and the high level of which correlated with lymphatic metastasis and late TNM stage. Additional rhOPN co-cultured low-expression CRC cells demonstrated more aggressive capability of proliferation, migration, and invasion. For knockdown of OPN in high-expression CRC cells, the bioactivities of proliferation, migration, and invasion were significantly inhibited. Interestingly, the percentage of ALDH1 labeled stem cells was dramatically decreased by OPN inhibition. The phosphorylation of PI3K-Akt-GSK/3ß-ß/catenin pathway was involved in the OPN signaling. Furthermore, Ly294002, a specific PI3K inhibitor, can reverse the promotion of bioactivities and stem cell proportion among rhOPN treated CRC cells. CONCLUSIONS OPN promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and was accompanied by upregulation of ALDH1-positive CSC in CRC through activation of PI3K-Akt-GSK/3ß-ß/catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanguang Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Afliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Ming Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Guangyu Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Guanglong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xiangling Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Afliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
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López-Mejia A, Ortega-Pérez LG, Godinez-Hernández D, Nateras-Marin B, Meléndez-Herrera E, Rios-Chavez P. Chemopreventive effect of Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels against colon cancer induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1417-1426. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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31
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Controlling metastatic cancer: the role of phytochemicals in cell signaling. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:1087-1109. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02892-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Exposure Promotes Oxidative Stress and Suppresses Sp1 Transcription Factor in Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051027. [PMID: 30818757 PMCID: PMC6429440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) is a cytosolic marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are a sub-population within heterogeneous tumor cells. CSCs associate with therapy-resistance, self-renewal, malignancy, tumor-relapse, and reduced patient-survival window. ALDH1-mediated aldehyde scavenging helps CSCs to survive a higher level of oxidative stress than regular cancer cells. Cruciferous vegetable-derived phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) selectively induces reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to apoptosis of cancer cells, but not healthy cells. However, this pro-oxidant role of PEITC in CSCs is poorly understood and is investigated here. In a HeLa CSCs model (hCSCs), the sphere-culture and tumorsphere assay showed significantly enriched ALDHhi CSCs from HeLa parental cells (p < 0.05). Aldefluor assay and cell proliferation assay revealed that PEITC treatments resulted in a reduced number of ALDHhi hCSCs in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.05). In the ROS assay, PEITC promoted oxidative stress in hCSCs (p ≤ 0.001). Using immunoblotting and flow cytometry techniques, we reported that PEITC suppressed the cancer-associated transcription factor (Sp1) and a downstream multidrug resistance protein (P-glycoprotein) (both, p < 0.05). Furthermore, PEITC-treatment of hCSCs, prior to xenotransplantation in mice, lowered the in vivo tumor-initiating potential of hCSCs. In summary, PEITC treatment suppressed the proliferation of ALDH1 expressing cancer stem cells as well as key factors that are involved with drug-resistance, while promoting oxidative stress and apoptosis in hCSCs.
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Pereira CV, Duarte M, Silva P, Bento da Silva A, Duarte CMM, Cifuentes A, García-Cañas V, Bronze MR, Albuquerque C, Serra AT. Polymethoxylated Flavones Target Cancer Stemness and Improve the Antiproliferative Effect of 5-Fluorouracil in a 3D Cell Model of Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2019; 11:E326. [PMID: 30717428 PMCID: PMC6412836 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) from citrus fruits are reported to present anticancer potential. However, there is a lack of information regarding their effect on cancer stem cell (CSC) populations, which has been recognized as responsible for tumor initiation, relapse, and chemoresistance. In this study, we evaluated the effect of an orange peel extract (OPE) and its main PMFs, namely, nobiletin, sinensetin, tangeretin, and scutellarein tetramethylether in targeting cell proliferation and stemness using a 3D cell model of colorectal cancer composed of HT29 cell spheroids cultured for 7 days in stirred conditions. Soft agar assay, ALDH1 activity, and relative quantitative gene expression analysis of specific biomarkers were carried out to characterize the stemness, self-renewal, and mesenchymal features of HT29 cell spheroids. Then, the impact of OPE and PMFs in reducing cell proliferation and modulating cancer stemness and self-renewal was assessed. Results showed that, when compared with monolayer cultures, HT29 cell spheroids presented higher ALDH1 activity (81.97% ± 5.27% compared to 63.55% ± 17.49% for 2D), upregulation of CD44, PROM1, SOX9, and SNAI1 genes (1.83 ± 0.34, 2.54 ± 0.51, 2.03 ± 0.15, and 6.12 ± 1.59 times) and high self-renewal capability (352 ± 55 colonies compared to 253 ± 42 for 2D). Incubation with OPE (1 mg/mL) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and modulated cancer stemness and self-renewal ability: colony formation, ALDH1 activity, and the expression of cancer stemness biomarkers PROM1 and LGR5 were significantly reduced (0.66 ± 0.15 and 0.51 ± 0.14 times, respectively). Among all PMFs, tangeretin was the most efficient in targeting the CSC population by decreasing colony formation and the expression of PROM1 and LGR5. Scutellarein tetramethylether was shown to modulate markers of mesenchymal/metastatic transition (increasing CDH1 and reducing ZEB1 and SNAI1) and nobiletin was capable of downregulating PROM1 and SNAI1 expression. Importantly, all PMFs and OPE were shown to synergistically interact with 5-fluorouracil, improving the antiproliferative response of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina V Pereira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Marlene Duarte
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, E.P.E (IPOLFG, EPE), 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Silva
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, E.P.E (IPOLFG, EPE), 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Andreia Bento da Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Catarina M M Duarte
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC), Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia García-Cañas
- Molecular Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC) Calle Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria R Bronze
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av das Forças Armadas, 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Albuquerque
- Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, E.P.E (IPOLFG, EPE), 1099-023 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Teresa Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
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Soundararajan P, Kim JS. Anti-Carcinogenic Glucosinolates in Cruciferous Vegetables and Their Antagonistic Effects on Prevention of Cancers. Molecules 2018; 23:E2983. [PMID: 30445746 PMCID: PMC6278308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSL) are naturally occurring β-d-thioglucosides found across the cruciferous vegetables. Core structure formation and side-chain modifications lead to the synthesis of more than 200 types of GSLs in Brassicaceae. Isothiocyanates (ITCs) are chemoprotectives produced as the hydrolyzed product of GSLs by enzyme myrosinase. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and sulforaphane ([1-isothioyanato-4-(methyl-sulfinyl) butane], SFN) are potential ITCs with efficient therapeutic properties. Beneficial role of BITC, PEITC and SFN was widely studied against various cancers such as breast, brain, blood, bone, colon, gastric, liver, lung, oral, pancreatic, prostate and so forth. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a key transcription factor limits the tumor progression. Induction of ARE (antioxidant responsive element) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) mediated pathway by Nrf2 controls the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). NF-κB has a double edged role in the immune system. NF-κB induced during inflammatory is essential for an acute immune process. Meanwhile, hyper activation of NF-κB transcription factors was witnessed in the tumor cells. Antagonistic activity of BITC, PEITC and SFN against cancer was related with the direct/indirect interaction with Nrf2 and NF-κB protein. All three ITCs able to disrupts Nrf2-Keap1 complex and translocate Nrf2 into the nucleus. BITC have the affinity to inhibit the NF-κB than SFN due to the presence of additional benzyl structure. This review will give the overview on chemo preventive of ITCs against several types of cancer cell lines. We have also discussed the molecular interaction(s) of the antagonistic effect of BITC, PEITC and SFN with Nrf2 and NF-κB to prevent cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakaran Soundararajan
- Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Bio-Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wansan-gu, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Jung Sun Kim
- Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Bio-Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wansan-gu, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
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The chemopreventive isothiocyanate sulforaphane reduces anoikis resistance and anchorage-independent growth in non-small cell human lung cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 362:116-124. [PMID: 30365975 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of cancer cells to resist detachment-induced apoptosis, i.e. anoikis, as well as anchorage-independent growth are crucial prerequisites for tumor metastasis. Therefore, agents interfering these properties may provide novel anti-metastatic strategies. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables, is known as a potent chemopreventive agent, but its effect on anoikis resistance has not been investigated. In this study, two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, A549 and CL1-5 cells, were treated with SFN under either suspension or adhesion conditions. SFN exhibited more potent cytotoxicity against suspending rather than adherent cancer cells. The selective cytotoxicity was due to the induction of anoikis, as evident by chromatin condensation, Annexin V binding, and activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. SFN also inhibited NSCLC cell to form spherical colonies, suggesting that anchorage-independent growth was prevented by SFN. Consistently, SFN treatment led to inactivation of FAK and Akt, down-regulation of β-catenin, and up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Because A549 cells with wild-type p53 are more sensitive to SFN than p53-mutant CL1-5 cells, p53 dependency of SFN responses were determined in p53-knockdown A549 cells. Knockdown of p53 attenuated the ability of SNF to inhibit anoikis resistance and sphere formation in A549 cancer cells, suggesting that the presence of p53 in NSCLC cancer cells is involved in the sensitivity to SFN. These results provide new insight into mechanisms underlying the chemopreventive ability of SFN and suggest a potential benefit of SFN to interfere with tumor metastasis.
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Jiang X, Liu Y, Ma L, Ji R, Qu Y, Xin Y, Lv G. Chemopreventive activity of sulforaphane. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:2905-2913. [PMID: 30254420 PMCID: PMC6141106 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Carcinogenesis is a multistep process induced by genetic and epigenetic changes that disrupt pathways controlling cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and senescence. In this context, many bioactive dietary compounds from vegetables and fruits have been demonstrated to be effective in cancer prevention and intervention. Over the years, sulforaphane (SFN), found in cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to have chemopreventive activity in vitro and in vivo. SFN protects cells from environmental carcinogens and also induces growth arrest and/or apoptosis in various cancer cells. In this review, we will discuss several potential mechanisms of the chemopreventive activity of SFN, including regulation of Phase I and Phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes, cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis, especially via regulation of signaling pathways such as Nrf2-Keap1 and NF-κB. Recent studies suggest that SFN can also affect the epigenetic control of key genes and greatly influence the initiation and progression of cancer. This research may provide a basis for the clinical use of SFN for cancer chemoprevention and enable us to design preventive strategies for cancer management, reduce cancer development and recurrence, and thus improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Pathobiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Yaqin Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China,
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China,
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Chen Y, Li Y, Wang XQ, Meng Y, Zhang Q, Zhu JY, Chen JQ, Cao WS, Wang XQ, Xie CF, Li XT, Geng SS, Wu JS, Zhong CY, Han HY. Phenethyl isothiocyanate inhibits colorectal cancer stem cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2447-2455. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiao-qian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jian-yun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jia-qi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Wan-shuang Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xue-qi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Chun-feng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiao-ting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Shan-shan Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jie-shu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Cai-yun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Hong-yu Han
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou China
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Gutiérrez-Velázquez MV, Almaraz-Abarca N, Herrera-Arrieta Y, Ávila-Reyes JA, González-Valdez LS, Torres-Ricario R, Uribe-Soto JN, Monreal-García HM. Comparison of the phenolic contents and epigenetic and genetic variability of wild and cultivated watercress ( Rorippa nasturtium var. aquaticum L.). ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Albuquerque C, Pebre Pereira L. Wnt Signalling-Targeted Therapy in the CMS2 Tumour Subtype: A New Paradigm in CRC Treatment? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1110:75-100. [PMID: 30623367 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02771-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancers (CRC) belonging to the consensus molecular subtype 2 (CMS2) have the highest incidence rate, affect mainly the distal colon and rectum, and are characterized by marked Wnt/β-catenin/Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) pathway activation and also by activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling. Despite having the highest overall survival, CMS2 tumours are often diagnosed at stage III when an adjuvant chemotherapy-based regimen is recommended. Nevertheless, colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) and circulating tumour cells may still evade the current therapeutic options and metastasize, stressing the need to develop more tailored therapeutic strategies. For example, activation of EGFR signalling is being used as a target for tailored therapy, however, therapy resistance is frequently observed. Therefore, targeting the Wnt signalling axis represents an additional therapeutic strategy, considering that CMS2 tumours are "Wnt-addicted". Several efforts have been made to identify Wnt antagonists, either of synthetic or natural origin. However, an inverse gradient of Wnt/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signalling activity during CRC progression has been suggested, with early stage and metastatic tumours displaying high and low Wnt signalling activities, respectively, which lead us to revisit the "just-right" signalling model. This may pinpoint the use of Wnt signalling agonists instead of antagonists for treatment of metastatic stages, in a context-dependent fashion. Moreover, the poor immunogenicity of these tumours challenges the use of recently emerged immunotherapies. This chapter makes a journey about CMS2 tumour characterization, their conventional treatment, and how modulation of Wnt signalling or immune response may be applied to CRC therapy. It describes the newest findings in this field and indicates where more research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Albuquerque
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Lucília Pebre Pereira
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., Lisbon, Portugal
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Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Mahmood T, Kanwal S, Ali B, Shah SA, Khalil AT. Plant-derived anticancer agents: A green anticancer approach. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Liu P, Zhang R, Yu W, Ye Y, Cheng Y, Han L, Dong L, Chen Y, Wei X, Yu J. FGF1 and IGF1-conditioned 3D culture system promoted the amplification and cancer stemness of lung cancer cells. Biomaterials 2017; 149:63-76. [PMID: 29017078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are considered as the cellular origins of metastasis and relapse of lung cancer. However, routine two-dimensional culture system (2D-culture) hardly mimics the growth and functions of LCSCs in vivo and therefore significantly decreases the stemness activity of LCSCs. In this study, we constructed a special BME-based three-dimensional culture system (3D-culture) to amplify LCSCs in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 cells and found 3D-culture promoted the enrichment and amplification of LCSCs in A549 cells displaying higher proliferation potential and invasion activity, but lower apoptosis. The expression and secretion levels of FGF1 and IGF1 were dramatically elevated in 3D-culture compared to 2D-culture. After growing in FGF1 and IGF1-conditioned 3D-culture, the proportion of LCSCs with specific stemness phenotypes in A549 cells significantly increased compared to that in conventional 3D suspension culture system. Further results indicated that FGF1 and IGF1 promoted the amplification and cancer stemness of LCSCs dependent on MAPK signaling pathway. Our data firstly established a growth factors-conditioned 3D-culture for LCSCs and demonstrated the effects of FGF1 and IGF1 in promoting the enrichment and amplification of LCSCs which might provide a feasible cell model in vitro for both mechanism study and translational research on lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Liu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yingnan Ye
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yanan Cheng
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lei Han
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Li Dong
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yongzi Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xiyin Wei
- Public Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jinpu Yu
- Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Core, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China; Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Caner, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
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Dacosta C, Bao Y. The Role of MicroRNAs in the Chemopreventive Activity of Sulforaphane from Cruciferous Vegetables. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9080902. [PMID: 28825609 PMCID: PMC5579695 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is an increasingly significant cause of mortality whose risk is linked to diet and inversely correlated with cruciferous vegetable consumption. This is likely to be partly attributable to the isothiocyanates derived from eating these vegetables, such as sulforaphane, which is extensively characterised for cytoprotective and tumour-suppressing activities. However, its bioactivities are likely to extend in complexity beyond those currently known; further insight into these bioactivities could aid the development of sulforaphane-based chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic strategies. Evidence suggests that sulforaphane modulates the expression of microRNAs, many of which are known to regulate genes involved at various stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. Based upon existing knowledge, there exist many plausible mechanisms by which sulforaphane may regulate microRNAs. Thus, there is a strong case for the further investigation of the roles of microRNAs in the anti-cancer effects of sulforaphane. There are several different types of approach to the wide-scale profiling of microRNA differential expression. Array-based methods may involve the use of RT-qPCR or complementary hybridisation probe chips, and tend to be relatively fast and economical. Cloning and deep sequencing approaches are more expensive and labour-intensive, but are worth considering where viable, for their greater sensitivity and ability to detect novel microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yongping Bao
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK. .
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Transcriptome modeling and phenotypic assays for cancer precision medicine. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:906-914. [PMID: 28766239 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0940-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer precision medicine requires clinically actionable biomarkers for patient stratification and a better prediction of clinical outcome. Although thousands of cancer-enriched mutated genes have been reported by global sequencing projects, to date, only a few oncogenic mutations have been confirmed as effective biomarkers in cancer therapies. The low frequency and varied profile (i.e., allele frequency, mutation position) of mutant genes among cancer types limit the utility of predictive biomarkers. The recent explosion of cancer transcriptome and phenotypic screening data provides another opportunity for finding transcript-level biomarkers and targets, thus overcoming the limitation of cancer mutation analyses. Technological developments enable the rapid and extensive discovery of potential target-biomarker combinations from large-scale transcriptome-level screening combined with physiologically relevant phenotypic assays. Here, we summarized recent progress as well as discussed the outlook of transcriptome-oriented data mining strategies and phenotypic assays for the identification of non-genetic biomarkers and targets in cancer drug discovery.
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