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Gay L, Madariaga Zarza S, Abou Atmeh P, Rouvière MS, Andrieu J, Richaud M, Boumaza A, Miquel L, Diallo AB, Bechah Y, Otmani Idrissi M, La Scola B, Olive D, Resseguier N, Bretelle F, Mezouar S, Mege JL. Protective role of macrophages from maternal-fetal interface in unvaccinated coronavirus disease 2019 pregnant women. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29819. [PMID: 39030992 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Pregnant women represent a high-risk population for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported in placenta from infected pregnant women, but whether the virus influences placenta immune response remains unclear. We investigated the properties of maternal-fetal interface macrophages (MFMs) in a cohort of unvaccinated women who contracted coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during their pregnancy. We reported an infiltration of CD163+ macrophages in placenta from COVID-19 women 19 whereas lymphoid compartment was not affected. Isolated MFMs exhibited nonpolarized activated signature (NOS2, IDO1, IFNG, TNF, TGFB) mainly in women infected during the second trimester of pregnancy. COVID-19 during pregnancy primed MFM to produce type I and III interferon response to SARS-CoV-2 (Wuhan and δ strains), that were unable to elicit this in MFMs from healthy pregnant women. COVID-19 also primed SARS-CoV-2 internalization by MFM in an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-dependent manner. Activation and recall responses of MFMs were influenced by fetal sex. Collectively, these findings support a role for MFMs in the local immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, provide a basis for protective placental immunity in COVID-19, and highlight the interest of vaccination in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Gay
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Sandra Madariaga Zarza
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Perla Abou Atmeh
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Sarah Rouvière
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, UM105, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jonatane Andrieu
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Etablissement Français du Sang, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Manon Richaud
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, UM105, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Asma Boumaza
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laura Miquel
- Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Aïssatou Bailo Diallo
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Yassina Bechah
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Myriem Otmani Idrissi
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, UM105, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Noémie Resseguier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, La Timone Hospital, Department of Epidemiology and Health Economics, Clinical Research Unit, Direction of Health Research, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Bretelle
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Department of Gynaecology-Obstetrics, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Etablissement Français du Sang, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Institut Recherche Développement, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Microbe, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Department of Immunology, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
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Baseri N, Omidi AH, Latifian M, Mostafavi E, Khademvatan S, Omidifar N, Tabaei SJS, Jafari R, Zeinali S, Ghasemi A, Esmaeili S. Molecular examination for Coxiella burnetii and Brucella spp. infections in Iranian women experiencing spontaneous miscarriage. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:172. [PMID: 38326756 PMCID: PMC10848525 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous miscarriage, a leading health concern globally, often occurs due to various factors, including infections. Among these, Coxiella burnetii and Brucella spp. may have adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. While previous research has established a link between infections and spontaneous miscarriage, our study aimed specifically to investigate the presence of these two pathogens in abortion samples from women who experienced spontaneous miscarriages in Iran. Our study can add to the existing knowledge by focusing on Iran, a region with a high prevalence of C. burnetii and Brucella spp. As a result, it could provide a better understanding and unique insights into the relationship of these pathogens with spontaneous miscarriages in endemic regions. METHODS From March 2021 to March 2022, a total of 728 abortion samples (including placenta and cotyledon) were collected from 409 women who had experienced spontaneous miscarriages in the provinces of Tehran, Fars, and West Azerbaijan in Iran. The specimens included 467 Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) and 261 fresh frozen samples. After DNA extraction from abortion samples, the quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay targeted a specific fragment of the IS1111 and IS711 elements for molecular identification of C. burnetii and Brucella spp., respectively. Furthermore, the qPCR assay employing specific primers for different species was used to determine the species of Brucella. RESULTS Among the studied women, 1 out of 409 (0.24%) samples tested positive for Brucella spp., specifically Brucella melitensis. There were no positive specimens for C. burnetii. CONCLUSIONS Our study contributes to understanding the potential involvement of Brucella species in spontaneous infectious abortion within endemic regions. The identification of B. melitensis in this study highlights the need for further research in this area. However, while our results suggest a relatively low or zero identification of these pathogens in our sample population, this does not rule out the possibility of undetected infections. Therefore, it is critical to acknowledge the limitations of the molecular techniques used (qPCR), which may have potential limitations such as sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, because 64.15% of our samples were FFPE, the sensitivity of the qPCR test may be reduced. These raise concerns about the accuracy of the reported prevalence rates and the potential for false positives or negatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Baseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Hamadan, KabudarAhang, Iran
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Omidi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Hamadan, KabudarAhang, Iran
| | - Mina Latifian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Hamadan, KabudarAhang, Iran
| | - Ehsan Mostafavi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Hamadan, KabudarAhang, Iran
| | - Shahram Khademvatan
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute , Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia , Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Department of Pathology , School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Jafari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shiva Zeinali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghasemi
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Hamadan, KabudarAhang, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center of Reference Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saber Esmaeili
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
- National Reference Laboratory for Plague, Tularemia and Q Fever, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Akanlu, Hamadan, KabudarAhang, Iran.
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Omar Osman I, Mezouar S, Brahim-Belhaouari D, Mege JL, Devaux CA. Modulation of the E-cadherin in human cells infected in vitro with Coxiella burnetii. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285577. [PMID: 37285354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High concentration of soluble E-cadherin (E-cad) was previously found in sera from Q fever patients. Here, BeWo cells which express a high concentration of E-cad were used as an in vitro model to investigate the expression and function of E-cad in response to infection by Coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of Q fever. Infection of BeWo cells with C. burnetii leads to a decrease in the number of BeWo cells expressing E-cad at their membrane. A shedding of soluble E-cad was associated with the post-infection decrease of membrane-bound E-cad. The modulation of E-cad expression requires bacterial viability and was not found with heat-inactivated C. burnetii. Moreover, the intracytoplasmic cell concentration of β-catenin (β-cat), a ligand of E-cad, was reduced after bacterial infection, suggesting that the bacterium induces modulation of the E-cad/β-cat signaling pathway and CDH1 and CTNNB1 genes transcription. Finally, several genes operating the canonical Wnt-Frizzled/β-cat pathway were overexpressed in cells infected with C. burnetii. This was particularly evident with the highly virulent strain of C. burnetii, Guiana. Our data demonstrate that infection of BeWo cells by live C. burnetii modulates the E-cad/β-cat signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Omar Osman
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Djamal Brahim-Belhaouari
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Christian Albert Devaux
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- CNRS, Marseille, France
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Xu S, Xiong Y, Fu B, Guo D, Sha Z, Lin X, Wu H. Bacteria and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1115556. [PMID: 36825088 PMCID: PMC9941202 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and microbial infections are significant worldwide health challenges. Numerous studies have demonstrated that bacteria may contribute to the emergence of cancer. In this review, we assemble bacterial species discovered in various cancers to describe their variety and specificity. The relationship between bacteria and macrophages in cancer is also highlighted, and we look for ample proof to establish a biological basis for bacterial-induced macrophage polarization. Finally, we quickly go over the potential roles of metabolites, cytokines, and microRNAs in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment by bacterially activated macrophages. The complexity of bacteria and macrophages in cancer will be revealed as we gain a better understanding of their pathogenic mechanisms, which will lead to new therapeutic approaches for both inflammatory illnesses and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beibei Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhou Sha
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Zarza SM, Militello M, Gay L, Levasseur A, Lepidi H, Bechah Y, Mezouar S, Mege JL. Infection and Persistence of Coxiella burnetii Clinical Isolate in the Placental Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021209. [PMID: 36674725 PMCID: PMC9866107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by Coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of Q fever, poses the risk of causing severe obstetrical complications in pregnant women. C. burnetii is known for its placental tropism based on animal models of infection. The Nine Mile strain has been mostly used to study C. burnetii pathogenicity but the contribution of human isolates to C. burnetii pathogenicity is poorly understood. In this study, we compared five C. burnetii isolates from human placentas with C. burnetii strains including Nine Mile (NM) as reference. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the Cb122 isolate was distinct from other placental isolates and the C. burnetii NM strain with a set of unique genes involved in energy generation and a type 1 secretion system. The infection of Balb/C mice with the Cb122 isolate showed higher virulence than that of NM or other placental isolates. We evaluated the pathogenicity of the Cb122 isolate by in vitro and ex vivo experiments. As C. burnetii is known to infect and survive within macrophages, we isolated monocytes and placental macrophages from healthy donors and infected them with the Cb122 isolate and the reference strain. We showed that bacteria from the Cb122 isolate were less internalized by monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) than NM bacteria but the reference strain and the Cb122 isolate were similarly internalized by placental macrophages. The Cb122 isolate and the reference strain survived similarly in the two macrophage types. While the Cb122 isolate and the NM strain stimulated a poorly inflammatory program in MDM, they elicited an inflammatory program in placenta macrophages. We also reported that the Cb122 isolate and NM strain were internalized by trophoblastic cell lines and primary trophoblasts without specific replicative profiles. Placental explants were then infected with the Cb122 isolate and the NM strain. The bacteria from the Cb122 isolate were enriched in the chorionic villous foetal side. It is likely that the Cb122 isolate exhibited increased virulence in the multicellular environment provided by explants. Taken together, these results showed that the placental isolate of C. burnetii exhibits a specific infectious profile but its pathogenic role is not as high as the host immune response in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Madariaga Zarza
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Muriel Militello
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laetitia Gay
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Yassina Bechah
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
- Immunology Department, Assitance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
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Chen X, Song QL, Ji R, Wang JY, Li ZH, Xiao ZN, Guo D, Yang J. Hypoxia-induced polarization of M2 macrophages and CCL5 secretion promotes the migration and invasion of trophoblasts. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:834-845. [PMID: 35594449 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the early stage of pregnancy, hypoxia in the placenta is of great significance to the migration and invasion of trophoblasts. In addition, changes to the polarity and activity of macrophages can affect embryo implantation, trophoblast migration and invasion, and vascular remodeling by affecting cytokine secretion. However, the mechanism of the effects of hypoxic conditions in the placenta on trophoblasts remains unknown. We used gene knockdown on macrophages, and drug treatment on trophoblasts, and cultured them under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. The cells were then subjected to wound healing assays, Transwell cell invasion experiments, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The polarization of macrophages in each group, the migration and invasion ability of trophoblasts, and changes to the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway were detected. Hypoxic conditions induce M2 polarization of macrophages. The conditioned medium from macrophages under hypoxic conditions increased the migration and invasion of trophoblasts, and enhanced the levels of phosphorylated (p)-PI3K and p-AKT in trophoblasts. After CCL5 knockdown in macrophages, the ability of conditioned medium from macrophages cultured under hypoxic conditions to promote the migration and invasion of trophoblasts was weakened significantly. The use of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway agonists could reverse the attenuation effect caused by CCL5 knockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Qian Lin Song
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Rui Ji
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Jia Yu Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Ze Hong Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - Zhuo Ni Xiao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei
| | - DuanYing Guo
- Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, Hubei
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