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Jarrot PA, Mirouse A, Ottaviani S, Cadiou S, Salmon JH, Liozon E, Parreau S, Michaud M, Terrier B, Gavand PE, Trefond L, Lavoiepierre V, Keraen J, Rekassa D, Bouldoires B, Weitten T, Roche D, Poulet A, Charpin C, Grobost V, Hermet M, Pallure M, Wackenheim C, Karkowski L, Grumet P, Rogier T, Belkefi N, Pestre V, Broquet E, Leurs A, Gautier S, Gras V, Gilet P, Holubar J, Sivova N, Schleinitz N, Durand JM, Castel B, Petrier A, Arcani R, Gramont B, Guilpain P, Lepidi H, Weiller PJ, Micallef J, Saadoun D, Kaplanski G. Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis following COVID-19 vaccination: Results from a nationwide survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2334084. [PMID: 38563792 PMCID: PMC10989707 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2334084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a national in-depth analysis including pharmacovigilance reports and clinical study to assess the reporting rate (RR) and to determine the clinical profile of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) in COVID-19-vaccinated individuals. First, based on the French pharmacovigilance database, we estimated the RR of PMR and GCA cases in individuals aged over 50 who developed their initial symptoms within one month of receiving the BNT162b2 mRNA, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines. We then conducted a nationwide survey to gather clinical profiles, therapeutic management, and follow-up data from individuals registered in the pharmacovigilance study. A total of 70 854 684 COVID-19 vaccine doses were administered to 25 260 485 adults, among which, 179 cases of PMR (RR 7. 1 cases/1 000 000 persons) and 54 cases of GCA (RR 2. 1 cases/1 000 000 persons) have been reported. The nationwide survey allowed the characterization of 60 PMR and 35 GCA cases. Median time to the onset of first symptoms was 10 (range 2-30) and 7 (range 2-25) days for PMR and GCA, respectively. Phenotype, GCA-related ischemic complications and -large vessel vasculitis as well as therapeutic management and follow-up seemed similar according to the number of vaccine shots received and when compared to the literature data of unvaccinated population. Although rare, the short time between immunization and the onset of first symptoms of PMR and GCA suggests a temporal association. Physician should be aware of this potential vaccine-related phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-André Jarrot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hôpital de La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM UMR_S1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Adrien Mirouse
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systémiques Rares, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et de l’Amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 959 Lab, Immunology, Immunotherapeutics, Paris, France
- DMU 3ID, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Ottaviani
- Department of Rheumatology, DMU Locomotion, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Simon Cadiou
- Department of Rheumatology, CHU de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Jean-Hugues Salmon
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital de La Maison Blanche, Université de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Eric Liozon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Simon Parreau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Martin Michaud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinique Saint-Exupery, Toulouse, France
| | - Benjamin Terrier
- National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Autoimmune Disease, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Centre, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Ludovic Trefond
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Virginie Lavoiepierre
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hôpital de La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | - Jeremy Keraen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital de Cornouaille, Quimper, France
| | - Daniel Rekassa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Centre Thermal, Greoux Les Bains, France
| | | | - Thierry Weitten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital des Alpes du Sud, Gap, France
| | - Damien Roche
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Poulet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Charpin
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Saint-Joseph, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Grobost
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Hermet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital de Vichy, Vichy, France
| | - Magali Pallure
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital de Cannes Simone Veil, Cannes, France
| | - Chloe Wackenheim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medipole Hôpital Privé, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ludovic Karkowski
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Sainte-Anne, Toulon, France
| | - Pierre Grumet
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital des Alpes du Sud, Gap, France
| | - Thomas Rogier
- Department of Internal Medicine and Systemic Disease, Hôpital François Mitterand, Dijon, France
| | - Nabil Belkefi
- Department of Internal Medicine, CH de Melun, Melun, France
| | - Vincent Pestre
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, CH d’Avignon, Avignon, France
| | | | - Amélie Leurs
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, CH de Dunkerque, Dunkerque, France
| | - Sophie Gautier
- Department of Pharmacology, centre régional de pharmacovigilance Nord Pas de Calais, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Valérie Gras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Centre régional de pharmacovigilance, service de pharmacologie clinique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Pierre Gilet
- Regional Center of Pharmacovigilance, CHRU de Nancy, Hôpital Central, Nancy, France
| | - Jan Holubar
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Nadia Sivova
- Department of Internal Medicine, CH de Tourcoing, Tourcoing, France
| | - Nicolas Schleinitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital de La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marc Durand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital de La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | - Brice Castel
- Department of Internal Medicine, CH de Tarbes, Tarbes, France
| | | | - Robin Arcani
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics Department, Hôpital de La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Baptiste Gramont
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Philippe Guilpain
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Pathological Laboratory, Hôpital de La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | | | - Joelle Micallef
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and pharmacosurveillance, Regional Pharmacovigilance Center of Marseille, Hôpital de La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
| | - David Saadoun
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systémiques Rares, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et de l’Amylose inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
- INSERM, UMR_S 959 Lab, Immunology, Immunotherapeutics, Paris, France
- DMU 3ID, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Kaplanski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hôpital de La Conception, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM UMR_S1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Achache W, Boualam MA, Cassir N, Mimari C, Poitrenaud D, Mezouar S, Mège JL, Drancourt M, Lepidi H. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resides in Macrophages in Laryngeal Tuberculosis: A Case Report. Pathogens 2023; 12:1413. [PMID: 38133296 PMCID: PMC10745871 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12121413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal tuberculosis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that questions the natural history of this infection. We report one such case in which a pathological examination of a laryngeal biopsy revealed granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis. Further investigations combining immunofluorescence detection of macrophages and in situ hybridization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis indicated the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in laryngeal granulomatous inflammatory lesions. This observation suggests that the natural history of laryngeal tuberculosis does not differ from that of other forms, guiding early diagnosis in patients with laryngeal lesions to ensure appropriate check-ups and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Achache
- MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France (N.C.); (S.M.); (J.L.M.); (M.D.)
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Mahmoud A. Boualam
- MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France (N.C.); (S.M.); (J.L.M.); (M.D.)
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Nadim Cassir
- MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France (N.C.); (S.M.); (J.L.M.); (M.D.)
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Clémence Mimari
- Service ORL Hôpital de la Conception, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Soraya Mezouar
- MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France (N.C.); (S.M.); (J.L.M.); (M.D.)
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Louis Mège
- MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France (N.C.); (S.M.); (J.L.M.); (M.D.)
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France (N.C.); (S.M.); (J.L.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France (N.C.); (S.M.); (J.L.M.); (M.D.)
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
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Benvenga RM, Tribouilloy C, Michelena HI, Silverio A, Arregle F, Martel H, Denev S, Bohbot Y, Hubert S, Renard S, Camoin L, Casalta AC, Casalta JP, Gouriet F, Riberi A, Lepidi H, Collart F, Raoult D, Drancourt M, Galasso G, DeSimone DC, Citro R, Habib G. Clinical and Echocardiographic Features of Patients With Infective Endocarditis and Bicuspid Aortic Valve According to Echocardiographic Definition of Valve Morphology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2023; 36:760-768. [PMID: 36682434 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of different bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) morphology in the clinical course of infective endocarditis (IE) has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to describe the clinical and echocardiographic features of IE in patients with BAV (BAVIE) according to valve morphology. METHODS Patients with definite BAVIE prospectively enrolled in 4 high-volume referral centers from 2000 to 2019 were evaluated and divided into 2 groups according to the echocardiographic definition of fused BAV morphology: right-left coronary (RL type) and right noncoronary or left noncoronary (non-RL type) cusp fusion. All patients were followed up for 1 year. RESULTS One hundred thirty-eight patients with BAVIE were included (77.7% male; median age, 52 [36.83-61.00] years): 112 patients with RL type (81%) and 26 patients with non-RL type BAV (19%), with no significant differences in age, sex, and comorbidities between groups. Although 43% of the cohort had known BAV, the referral was late after symptom onset, particularly for the RL phenotype; time from symptom onset to hospitalization >30 days (31.3% vs 11.5%; P = .032) and New York Heart Association class ≥ II (64.3% vs 42.3%; P = .039) were more frequent in patients with RL type BAV than in patients with non-RL type BAV. Conversely, patients with non-RL type BAV had a higher incidence of hemorrhagic stroke (19.2% vs 5.4%; P = .034) and high-grade atrioventricular block (11.5% vs 0.9%; P = .021). Streptococcus viridans was more frequently isolated in patients with non-RL type BAV than in patients with RL type BAV (44% vs 24.1%; P = .045). No difference in short- and intermediate-term mortality was observed between groups. CONCLUSIONS Clinical profile and echocardiographic features in BAVIE patients may differ according to valve morphology, and patients with BAVIE appear to be referred late, even when BAV disease is previously known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Maria Benvenga
- Cardiology Department, APHM, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France; Heart Department, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | - Angelo Silverio
- Heart Department, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Florent Arregle
- Cardiology Department, APHM, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Martel
- Cardiology Department, APHM, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Seyhan Denev
- Department of Cardiology Amiens University Hospital Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Yohann Bohbot
- Department of Cardiology Amiens University Hospital Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Cardiology Department, APHM, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Renard
- Cardiology Department, APHM, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean Paul Casalta
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Riberi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Frederic Collart
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Gennaro Galasso
- Heart Department, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Daniel C DeSimone
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rodolfo Citro
- Heart Department, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona", Salerno, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Cardiology Department, APHM, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Braï MA, Hannachi N, El Gueddari N, Baudoin JP, Dahmani A, Lepidi H, Habib G, Camoin-Jau L. The Role of Platelets in Infective Endocarditis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087540. [PMID: 37108707 PMCID: PMC10143005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) has increased, with a change in the frequency of causative bacteria. Early evidence has substantially demonstrated the crucial role of bacterial interaction with human platelets, with no clear mechanistic characterization in the pathogenesis of IE. The pathogenesis of endocarditis is so complex and atypical that it is still unclear how and why certain bacterial species will induce the formation of vegetation. In this review, we will analyze the key role of platelets in the physiopathology of endocarditis and in the formation of vegetation, depending on the bacterial species. We provide a comprehensive outline of the involvement of platelets in the host immune response, investigate the latest developments in platelet therapy, and discuss prospective research avenues for solving the mechanistic enigma of bacteria-platelet interaction for preventive and curative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Abdeljalil Braï
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Nadji Hannachi
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie et Pharmacotechnie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif I, Sétif 19000, Algeria
| | - Nabila El Gueddari
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Baudoin
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Abderrhamane Dahmani
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
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5
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Zarza SM, Militello M, Gay L, Levasseur A, Lepidi H, Bechah Y, Mezouar S, Mege JL. Infection and Persistence of Coxiella burnetii Clinical Isolate in the Placental Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021209. [PMID: 36674725 PMCID: PMC9866107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by Coxiella burnetii, the etiological agent of Q fever, poses the risk of causing severe obstetrical complications in pregnant women. C. burnetii is known for its placental tropism based on animal models of infection. The Nine Mile strain has been mostly used to study C. burnetii pathogenicity but the contribution of human isolates to C. burnetii pathogenicity is poorly understood. In this study, we compared five C. burnetii isolates from human placentas with C. burnetii strains including Nine Mile (NM) as reference. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the Cb122 isolate was distinct from other placental isolates and the C. burnetii NM strain with a set of unique genes involved in energy generation and a type 1 secretion system. The infection of Balb/C mice with the Cb122 isolate showed higher virulence than that of NM or other placental isolates. We evaluated the pathogenicity of the Cb122 isolate by in vitro and ex vivo experiments. As C. burnetii is known to infect and survive within macrophages, we isolated monocytes and placental macrophages from healthy donors and infected them with the Cb122 isolate and the reference strain. We showed that bacteria from the Cb122 isolate were less internalized by monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) than NM bacteria but the reference strain and the Cb122 isolate were similarly internalized by placental macrophages. The Cb122 isolate and the reference strain survived similarly in the two macrophage types. While the Cb122 isolate and the NM strain stimulated a poorly inflammatory program in MDM, they elicited an inflammatory program in placenta macrophages. We also reported that the Cb122 isolate and NM strain were internalized by trophoblastic cell lines and primary trophoblasts without specific replicative profiles. Placental explants were then infected with the Cb122 isolate and the NM strain. The bacteria from the Cb122 isolate were enriched in the chorionic villous foetal side. It is likely that the Cb122 isolate exhibited increased virulence in the multicellular environment provided by explants. Taken together, these results showed that the placental isolate of C. burnetii exhibits a specific infectious profile but its pathogenic role is not as high as the host immune response in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Madariaga Zarza
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Muriel Militello
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laetitia Gay
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Yassina Bechah
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- MEPHI, IRD, APHM, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institue Hospitalo, Universitaire Mediterranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
- Immunology Department, Assitance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille (APHM), 13005 Marseille, France
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6
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Arregle F, Iline N, Giorgi R, Philip M, Hubert S, Gouriet F, Casalta JP, Collart F, Riberi A, Martel H, Renard S, Camoin L, Casalta AC, Lepidi H, Raoult D, Drancourt M, Habib G. Influence of the healthcare pathway on the outcome of patients with infective endocarditis. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2022; 11:672-681. [PMID: 35900233 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuac088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the prognosis of patients treated for infective endocarditis (IE) according to their healthcare pathway. To assess how the ESC guidelines are implemented concerning the performance of transoesophageal echocardiography, the use of antibiotic therapy, and the performance of valve surgery; and to compare the epidemiological profile of IE according to the type of centres in which the patients are hospitalized. METHODS AND RESULTS In a prospective multicentric study including 22 hospitals in the South-East of France, 342 patients were classified into three groups according to their healthcare pathway: 119 patients diagnosed and taken care entirely in a reference centre or hospital with cardiac surgery [Referral Center (RC) group], 111 patients diagnosed and initially taken care in a non-RC (NRC), then referred in a centre including cardiac surgery [transferred to the Referral Center (TRC) group] and 112 patients totally taken care in the NRC (NRC group). One-year mortality was 26% (88 deaths) and was not significantly different between Groups 1 and 2 (20 vs. 21%, P = 0.83). Patients in the NRC group had a higher mortality (37%) compared with patients in the RC and TRC groups (P < 0.001). ESC guidelines were not implemented similarly depending on the healthcare pathway (P = 0.04). Patients in the NRC group were significantly older (P < 0.001) and had more comorbidities (P < 0.001) than patients treated in referral centres. CONCLUSION Prognosis of patients with IE is influenced by their healthcare pathway. Patients treated exclusively in NRC have a worse prognosis than patients treated in referral or surgical centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Arregle
- Cardiology Department, Service de Cardiologie APHM, La Timone Hospital, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Iline
- APHM, La Timone Hospital, BioSTIC, Marseille, France
| | - Roch Giorgi
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, BioSTIC, Marseille, France
| | - Mary Philip
- Cardiology Department, Service de Cardiologie APHM, La Timone Hospital, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Cardiology Department, Service de Cardiologie APHM, La Timone Hospital, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Frederique Gouriet
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Paul Casalta
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Collart
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Riberi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Martel
- Cardiology Department, Service de Cardiologie APHM, La Timone Hospital, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Renard
- Cardiology Department, Service de Cardiologie APHM, La Timone Hospital, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Claire Casalta
- Cardiology Department, Service de Cardiologie APHM, La Timone Hospital, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Cardiology Department, Service de Cardiologie APHM, La Timone Hospital, Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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7
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Mediannikov O, Bechah Y, Amanzougaghene N, Lepidi H, Bassene H, Sambou M, Lienhard C, Benkacimi L, Dieme C, Sokhna C, Fenollar F, Raoult D. Booklice Liposcelis bostrychophila naturally infected by Rickettsia felis cause fever and experimental pneumonia in mammals. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1075-1083. [PMID: 35776143 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rickettsia felis is emergent in tropical areas. Despite its high morbidity, its natural history has not yet been fully determined. We investigated the role of the common household booklouse, Liposcelis bostrychophila, recently found to harbour R. felis. METHODS Blood samples from 372 febrile patients from Senegalese villages, as well as nasal and skin samples from 264 asymptomatic individuals, were tested for cat flea-associated and booklice-associated strains of R. felis. Dust samples from beds were collected to isolate booklice and R. felis. Mice were infected with aerosol of R. felis strain from naturally infected booklice. RESULTS Forty febrile patients (11%) were infected by R. felis, including 26 (7%) by the booklice-associated strain. Nine nasal samples (3.4%) and 28 skin samples (10.6%) contained R. felis, including seven and 24, respectively, with the booklice-associated strain. The presence of live L. bostrychophila was observed in 32 dust samples (16.8%); R. felis was identified in 62 dust samples (32.5%). Several mice samples were positive for R. felis; interstitial lymphohistiocytic infiltrates were identified in lungs. CONCLUSIONS L. bostrychophila may be a reservoir of R. felis. The booklice-associated strain is pathogenic in mammals causing pneumonia. Human infection may be acquired via inhalation of infected booklice particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Mediannikov
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHII, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Yassina Bechah
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHII, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Nadia Amanzougaghene
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHII, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHII, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Masse Sambou
- VITROME, Campus International UCAD-IRD, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Linda Benkacimi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | | | - Cheikh Sokhna
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Fenollar
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHII, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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8
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Hannachi N, Arregle F, Lepidi H, Baudoin JP, Gouriet F, Martel H, Hubert S, Desnues B, Riberi A, Casalta JP, Habib G, Camoin-Jau L. A Massive Number of Extracellular Tropheryma whipplei in Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:900589. [PMID: 35844524 PMCID: PMC9278803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.900589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Whipple’s disease (WD) is a chronic multisystemic infection caused by Tropheryma whipplei. If this bacterium presents an intracellular localization, associated with rare diseases and without pathognomonic signs, it is often subject to a misunderstanding of its physiopathology, often a misdiagnosis or simply an oversight. Here, we report the case of a patient treated for presumed rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, this patient presented to the hospital with infectious endocarditis. After surgery and histological analysis, we discovered the presence of T. whipplei. Electron microscopy allowed us to discover an atypical bacterial organization with a very large number of bacteria present in the extracellular medium in vegetation and valvular tissue. This atypical presentation we report here might be explained by the anti-inflammatory treatment administrated for our patient’s initial diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadji Hannachi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
- Département de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif I, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Florent Arregle
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, département d'infectiologie, Marseille, France
- Département de cardiologie, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologique, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Baudoin
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Martel
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, département d'infectiologie, Marseille, France
- Département de cardiologie, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Département de cardiologie, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Benoit Desnues
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Riberi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Casalta
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
- Département de cardiologie, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, La Timone Hospital, APHM, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Laurence Camoin-Jau,
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9
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Osman IO, Garrec C, de Souza GAP, Zarubica A, Belhaouari DB, Baudoin JP, Lepidi H, Mege JL, Malissen B, Scola BL, Devaux CA. Control of CDH1/E-Cadherin Gene Expression and Release of a Soluble Form of E-Cadherin in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Caco-2 Intestinal Cells: Physiopathological Consequences for the Intestinal Forms of COVID-19. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:798767. [PMID: 35601094 PMCID: PMC9114883 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.798767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is the biggest pandemic the world has seen this century. Alongside the respiratory damage observed in patients with severe forms of the disease, gastrointestinal symptoms have been frequently reported. These symptoms (e.g., diarrhoea), sometimes precede the development of respiratory tract illnesses, as if the digestive tract was a major target during early SARS-CoV-2 dissemination. We hypothesize that in patients carrying intestinal SARS-CoV-2, the virus may trigger epithelial barrier damage through the disruption of E-cadherin (E-cad) adherens junctions, thereby contributing to the overall gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19. Here, we use an intestinal Caco-2 cell line of human origin which expresses the viral receptor/co-receptor as well as the membrane anchored cell surface adhesion protein E-cad to investigate the expression of E-cad after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. We found that the expression of CDH1/E-cad mRNA was significantly lower in cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 at 24 hours post-infection, compared to virus-free Caco-2 cells. The viral receptor ACE2 mRNA expression was specifically down-regulated in SARS-CoV-2-infected Caco-2 cells, while it remained stable in HCoV-OC43-infected Caco-2 cells, a virus which uses HLA class I instead of ACE2 to enter cells. It is worth noting that SARS-CoV-2 induces lower transcription of TMPRSS2 (involved in viral entry) and higher expression of B0AT1 mRNA (that encodes a protein known to co-express with ACE2 on intestinal cells). At 48 hours post-exposure to the virus, we also detected a small but significant increase of soluble E-cad protein (sE-cad) in the culture supernatant of SARS-CoV-2-infected Caco-2 cells. The increase of sE-cad release was also found in the intestinal HT29 cell line when infected by SARS-CoV-2. Beside the dysregulation of E-cad, SARS-CoV-2 infection of Caco-2 cells also leads to the dysregulation of other cell adhesion proteins (occludin, JAMA-A, zonulin, connexin-43 and PECAM-1). Taken together, these results shed light on the fact that infection of Caco-2 cells with SARS-CoV-2 affects tight-, adherens-, and gap-junctions. Moreover, intestinal tissues damage was associated to the intranasal SARS-CoV-2 infection in human ACE2 transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Omar Osman
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Clémence Garrec
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Gabriel Augusto Pires de Souza
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ana Zarubica
- Centre d’Immunophénomique (CIPHE), Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Marseille, France
| | - Djamal Brahim Belhaouari
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Baudoin
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Assitance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Assitance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d’Immunophénomique (CIPHE), Aix Marseille Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Christian Albert Devaux
- Microbes Evolution Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), Institut de recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille, France
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10
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Tonon D, Landrieux C, Van Den Plas S, Harlé JR, Lepidi H, Bourenne J, Jaussaud N, Lagier D. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome-related refractory cardiogenic shock in adults after coronavirus disease 2019 infection: a case series. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022; 6:ytac112. [PMID: 35475192 PMCID: PMC8992241 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytac112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background A novel multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) temporally associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection has been reported, arising weeks after the peak incidence of COVID-19 infection in adults. Patients with MIS-C have been reported to have cardiac involvement and clinical features overlapping with other acute inflammatory syndromes such as Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome, and macrophage activation syndrome. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children may follow COVID-19 infection, most of the time after its asymptomatic form, even though it can lead to serious and life-threatening illness. Case summary In this case series, we discuss two cases of young adults with no former medical history who fit with the criteria defined in MIS-C. They both developed a refractory cardiogenic shock and required intensive care treatment including mechanical circulatory support, specifically the use of venous–arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. They were both treated early with intravenous immune globulin and adjunctive high-dose steroids. They recovered ad integrum in less than 2 weeks. Discussion Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children occurs 2–4 weeks after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Patients with MIS-C should ideally be managed in an intensive care environment since rapid clinical deterioration may occur. It would be preferable to have a multidisciplinary care to improve outcomes. Patients should be monitored for shock. Elucidating the mechanism of this new entity may have importance for understanding COVID-19 far beyond the patients who have had MIS-C to date. The pathogenesis seems to involve post-infectious immune dysregulation so early administration intravenous immune globulin associated with corticosteroids appears appropriate. It implies early recognition of the syndrome even in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tonon
- Department of Cardiovascular Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Timone, 264 rue Saint Pierre, 13005 Cedex 5 Marseille, France
| | - Clementine Landrieux
- Department of Cardiovascular Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Timone, 264 rue Saint Pierre, 13005 Cedex 5 Marseille, France
| | - Soline Van Den Plas
- Department of Cardiovascular Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Timone, 264 rue Saint Pierre, 13005 Cedex 5 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Robert Harlé
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Jérémy Bourenne
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Jaussaud
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Timone, Marseille, France
| | - David Lagier
- Department of Cardiovascular Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Timone, 264 rue Saint Pierre, 13005 Cedex 5 Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille University, C2VN Inserm 1263, Inra 1260, Marseille, France
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11
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Boumaza A, Ben Azzouz E, Arrindell J, Lepidi H, Mezouar S, Desnues B. Whipple's disease and Tropheryma whipplei infections: from bench to bedside. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2022; 22:e280-e291. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Oliver L, Leauthier M, Jamme M, Arregle F, Martel H, Philip M, Gouriet F, Casalta JP, Torras O, Casalta AC, Camoin-Jau L, Lavagna F, Renard S, Ambrosi P, Lepidi H, Collart F, Hubert S, Drancourt M, Raoult D, Riberi A, Habib G. Mitral valve repair is better than mitral valve replacement in native mitral valve endocarditis: Results from a prospective matched cohort. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 115:160-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Oumarou Hama H, Aboudharam G, Barbieri R, Lepidi H, Drancourt M. Immunohistochemical diagnosis of human infectious diseases: a review. Diagn Pathol 2022; 17:17. [PMID: 35094696 PMCID: PMC8801197 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-022-01197-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies is a useful diagnostic method for detecting pathogen antigens in fixed tissues, complementing the direct diagnosis of infectious diseases by PCR and culture on fresh tissues. It was first implemented in a seminal publication by Albert Coons in 1941. MAIN BODY Of 14,198 publications retrieved from the PubMed, Google, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases up to December 2021, 230 were selected for a review of IHC techniques, protocols and results. The methodological evolutions of IHC and its application to the diagnosis of infectious diseases, more specifically lice-borne diseases, sexually transmitted diseases and skin infections, were critically examined. A total of 59 different pathogens have been detected once in 22 different tissues and organs; and yet non-cultured, fastidious and intracellular pathogens accounted for the vast majority of pathogens detected by IHC. Auto-IHC, incorporating patient serum as the primary antibody, applied to diseased heart valves surgically collected from blood culture-negative endocarditis patients, detected unidentified Gram-positive cocci and microorganisms which were subsequently identified as Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella quintana, Bartonella henselae and Tropheryma whipplei. The application of IHC to ancient tissues dated between the ends of the Ptolemaic period to over 70 years ago, have also contributed to paleomicrobiology diagnoses. CONCLUSION IHC plays an important role in diagnostic of infectious diseases in tissue samples. Paleo-auto-IHC derived from auto-IHC, is under development for detecting non-identified pathogens from ancient specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamadou Oumarou Hama
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille-Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Gérard Aboudharam
- Aix-Marseille-Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille-Univ., Ecole de Médecine Dentaire, Marseille, France
| | - Rémi Barbieri
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille-Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix-Marseille-Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire d'Histologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
- Aix-Marseille-Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
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14
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Arregle F, Iline N, Giorgi R, Gouriet F, Casalta J, Casalta A, Martel H, Philip M, Hubert S, Renard S, Camoin L, Lepidi H, Riberi A, Collart F, Drancourt M, Habib G. Influence of the health-care pathway on the outcome of patients with infective endocarditis: Should all patients be treated in referral centers? Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2021.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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15
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Lesieur E, Torrents J, Fina F, Zandotti C, Blanc J, Collardeau-Frachon S, Gazin C, Sirgant D, Mezouar S, Otmani Idrissi M, Lepidi H, Bretelle F, Mege JL, Daniel L, Fritih R. Congenital Infection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 With Intrauterine Fetal Death: A Clinicopathological Study With Molecular Analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 75:e1092-e1100. [PMID: 34553751 PMCID: PMC8500004 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observations of vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection from mother to fetus have recently been described in the literature. However, the consequences of such transmission, whether fetal or neonatal, are poorly understood. METHODS From a case of in utero fetal death at 24+2 weeks of gestation that occurred 7 days after the diagnosis of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in the mother, we isolated the incriminating virus by immunochemistry and molecular techniques in several fetal tissues, with a variant analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 genome. RESULTS The fetal demise could be explained by the presence of placental histological lesions, such as histiocytic intervillositis and trophoblastic necrosis, in addition to fetal tissue damage. We observed mild fetal growth retardation and visceral damage to the liver, causing hepatocellular damage and hemosiderosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature of fetal demise secondary to maternal-fetal transmission of SARSCoV- 2 with a congenital infection and a pathological description of placental and fetal tissue damage. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 was identified in both specimens using 3 independent techniques (immunochemistry, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and realtime digital polymerase chain reaction). Furthermore, the incriminating variant has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Lesieur
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille, University, Marseille, France,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, La Conception Hospital, Aix Marseille University, Boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France,Correspondence: Dr. Emmanuelle Lesieur, Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, La Conception Hospital, Aix Marseille University, Boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille. Phone: + 33 491 384 257, mail:
| | - Julia Torrents
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille, University, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Fina
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille, University, Marseille, France,ID Solutions, Grabels, France
| | - Christine Zandotti
- IHU Méditerranée infection MEPHI - Aix-Marseille Université – 13005 Marseille, France - IRD – APHM
| | - Julie Blanc
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nord Hospital, APHM, Chemin des Bourrely, 13015, Marseille, France,EA3279, CEReSS, Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Aix-Marseille University, 13284, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Collardeau-Frachon
- Institut de Pathologie Multisite, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Céline Gazin
- IHU Méditerranée infection MEPHI - Aix-Marseille Université – 13005 Marseille, France - IRD – APHM
| | - Delphine Sirgant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ste Musse Hospital, 54, rue Henri Sainte Claire Deville, 83000, Toulon, France
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- IHU Méditerranée infection MEPHI - Aix-Marseille Université – 13005 Marseille, France - IRD – APHM
| | - Myriem Otmani Idrissi
- IHU Méditerranée infection MEPHI - Aix-Marseille Université – 13005 Marseille, France - IRD – APHM
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille, University, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Bretelle
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, La Conception Hospital, Aix Marseille University, Boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France,Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales et Emergentes, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- IHU Méditerranée infection MEPHI - Aix-Marseille Université – 13005 Marseille, France - IRD – APHM
| | - Laurent Daniel
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille, University, Marseille, France,Aix Marseille University - INSERM 1263 - INRAE 1260, France
| | - Radia Fritih
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, La Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille, University, Marseille, France
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Otmani Idrissi M, Baudoin JP, Chateau AL, Aherfi S, Bedotto-Buffet M, Latil A, Lepidi H, Chiaroni J, Picard C, Mege JL, La Scola B, Mezouar S. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 in a Cornea Transplant. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10080934. [PMID: 34451398 PMCID: PMC8401771 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impacted tissue transplantation procedures since conjunctivas were found to be associated with coronavirus infection. Here, we investigated infection of a cornea graft from a COVID-19-positive donor. Methods: In order to evaluate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the cornea graft we first carried out a qRT-PCR and then we investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 by fluorescence and electron microscopy. Conclusions: Although the cornea graft was found to be negative by qRT-PCR, we were able to show the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in corneal cells expressing the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE2. Taken together, our findings may have important implications for the use of corneal tissue in graft indications and open the debate on SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriem Otmani Idrissi
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Baudoin
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Line Chateau
- EFS Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur Corse, 13005 Marseille, France; (A.-L.C.); (J.C.); (C.P.)
| | - Sarah Aherfi
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marielle Bedotto-Buffet
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alain Latil
- CH d’Antibes-Juan Les Pins, 06160 Antibes, France;
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Chiaroni
- EFS Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur Corse, 13005 Marseille, France; (A.-L.C.); (J.C.); (C.P.)
- Aix-Marseille University, EFS, CNRS, ADES, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Picard
- EFS Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur Corse, 13005 Marseille, France; (A.-L.C.); (J.C.); (C.P.)
- Aix-Marseille University, EFS, CNRS, ADES, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
- CH d’Antibes-Juan Les Pins, 06160 Antibes, France;
| | - Bernard La Scola
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (B.L.S.); (S.M.); Tel.: +33-4-13-73-24-01 (B.L.S.)
| | - Soraya Mezouar
- Aix-Marseille University, MEPHI, IRD, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France; (M.O.I.); (J.-P.B.); (S.A.); (M.B.-B.); (H.L.); (J.-L.M.)
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (B.L.S.); (S.M.); Tel.: +33-4-13-73-24-01 (B.L.S.)
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17
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Arregle F, Martel H, Philip M, Gouriet F, Casalta JP, Riberi A, Torras O, Casalta AC, Camoin-Jau L, Lavagna F, Renard S, Ambrosi P, Lepidi H, Collart F, Hubert S, Drancourt M, Raoult D, Habib G. Infective endocarditis with neurological complications: Delaying cardiac surgery is associated with worse outcome. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 114:527-536. [PMID: 33935000 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with a high mortality rate, related in part to neurological complications. Studies suggest that valvular surgery should be performed early when indicated, but is often delayed by the presence of neurological complications. AIM To assess the effect of delaying surgery in patients with IE and neurological complications and to identify factors predictive of death. METHODS In a prospective, single-centre study in a referral centre for IE, all patients with IE underwent systematic screening for neurological complications. The primary outcome was 6-month death. In patients presenting with neurological complications, the prognosis according to surgical status was analysed and a Cox regression model used to identify variables predictive of death. RESULTS Between April 2014 and January 2018, 351 patients with a definite diagnosis of left-sided IE were included. Ninety-four patients (26.8%) presented with at least one neurological complication. Fifty-nine patients (17.7%) died during 6-month follow-up. Six-month mortality rates did not differ significantly between patients with and without neurological complications (P=0.60). Forty patients had a temporary surgical contraindication because of neurological complications. During the period of surgical contraindication, seven of these patients (17.5%) died, six (15.0%) presented a new embolic event, and 12 (30.0%) presented cardiac or septic deterioration. In multivariable analysis, predictive factors of death in patients presenting with neurological complications were temporary surgical contraindication (hazard ratio 7.36, 95% confidence interval 1.61-33.67; P=0.010) and presence of a mechanical prosthetic valve (hazard ratio 16.40, 95% confidence interval 2.22-121.17; P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Patients with a temporary surgical contraindication due to neurological complications had a higher risk of death and frequent major complications while waiting for surgery. When indicated, the decision to postpone surgery in the early phase should be weighed against the risk of infectious or cardiac deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Arregle
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Helene Martel
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Mary Philip
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Frederique Gouriet
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Paul Casalta
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Riberi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Torras
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; Department of Hematology, La Timone Hospital, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Flora Lavagna
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sebastien Renard
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Ambrosi
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Frederic Collart
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, La Timone Hospital, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- AP-HM, La Timone Hospital, Cardiology Department, 13005 Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
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18
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Roché P, Venton G, Berda-Haddad Y, Fritz S, Ivanov V, Mercier C, Colle J, Tichadou A, Fanciullino R, Lepidi H, Costello R, Farnault L. Could daratumumab induce the maturation of plasmablasts in Plasmablastic lymphoma?-Potential therapeutic applications. Eur J Haematol 2021; 106:589-592. [PMID: 33469987 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Roché
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffroy Venton
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Yaël Berda-Haddad
- Hematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Shirley Fritz
- Hematology and Vascular Biology Laboratory, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Vadim Ivanov
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Cédric Mercier
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Colle
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Tichadou
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Raphaëlle Fanciullino
- Pharmacy Unit, La Conception,, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Department of Pathology, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Régis Costello
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Laure Farnault
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, AP-HM, Marseille, France
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19
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Philip M, Delcourt S, Mancini J, Tessonnier L, Cammilleri S, Arregle F, Martel H, Oliver L, Hubert S, Renard S, Camoin L, Casalta AC, Casalta JP, Gouriet F, Riberi A, Lepidi H, Collart F, Raoult D, Drancourt M, Habib G. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the diagnosis of native valve infective endocarditis: A prospective study. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 114:211-220. [PMID: 33495137 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) has recently been added as a major criterion in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2015 infective endocarditis guidelines. PET/CT is currently used in patients with suspected prosthetic valve and cardiac device-related endocarditis. However, the value of the ESC classification and the clinical impact of PET findings are unknown in patients with native valve endocarditis (NVE). AIMS Our aims were: to assess the value of the ESC criteria (including PET/CT) in NVE; to determine the usefulness of PET/CT concerning embolic detection; and to describe a new PET/CT feature (diffuse splenic uptake). METHODS Between 2012 and 2017, 75 patients with suspected NVE were included prospectively, after exclusion of patients with uninterpretable or unfeasible PET/CT. Using gold standard expert consensus, 63 cases of infective endocarditis were confirmed and 12 were rejected. RESULTS Significant valvular uptake was observed in 11 of 63 patients with definite NVE and in no patients who had the diagnosis of infective endocarditis rejected (sensitivity 17.5%, specificity 100%). Among the 63 patients with NVE, a peripheral embolism or mycotic aneurysm was observed in 20 (31.7%) cases. Application of the ESC criteria increased Duke criteria sensitivity from 63.5% to 69.8% (P<0.001), without a change in specificity. Diffuse splenic uptake was observed in 39 (52.0%) patients, including 37 (58.7%) with a final diagnosis of NVE (specificity 83.3%). CONCLUSIONS 18F-FDG PET/CT has poor sensitivity but high specificity in the diagnosis of NVE. The usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT is high for embolic detection. Diffuse splenic uptake represents a possible new diagnostic criterion for NVE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Philip
- Cardiology department, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sarkis Delcourt
- Department of nuclear medicine, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Julien Mancini
- Sciences économiques & sociales de la santé & traitement de l'information médicale (SESSTIM), Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, 13005 Marseille, France; Service biostatistique et technologies de l'information et de la communication, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laetitia Tessonnier
- Department of nuclear medicine, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Serge Cammilleri
- Department of nuclear medicine, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Florent Arregle
- Cardiology department, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Martel
- Cardiology department, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Leopold Oliver
- Cardiology department, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Cardiology department, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Renard
- Cardiology department, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean Paul Casalta
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Riberi
- Department of cardiac surgery, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Frederic Collart
- Department of cardiac surgery, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Cardiology department, La Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France.
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20
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Velier M, Priet S, Appay R, Atieh T, Lepidi H, Kaplanski G, Jarrot PA, Koubi M, Costello R, Dignat-George F, de Lamballerie X, Tichadou A, Arcani R, Couderc AL, Touati J, Varoquaux A, Berda-Haddad Y, Venton G. Severe and Irreversible Pancytopenia Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Bone Marrow Infection in a Patient With Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2021; 21:e503-e505. [PMID: 33563581 PMCID: PMC7832621 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Velier
- Laboratory of Hematology and Vascular biology, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM 1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
| | - Stéphane Priet
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE), IRD 190, Inserm 1207, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Romain Appay
- Pathology and Neuropathology Department, La Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Thérèse Atieh
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE), IRD 190, Inserm 1207, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Pathology and Neuropathology Department, La Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Kaplanski
- Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM 1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Internal Medical and Clinical Immunology, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre André Jarrot
- Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM 1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Internal Medical and Clinical Immunology, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Koubi
- Internal Medical and Clinical Immunology, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Régis Costello
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; TAGC, INSERM, UMR1090, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Laboratory of Hematology and Vascular biology, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM 1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE), IRD 190, Inserm 1207, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Tichadou
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; TAGC, INSERM, UMR1090, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; SMARTc Unit, Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, UMR_911 CRO2 Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Robin Arcani
- Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INRA 1260, INSERM 1263, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Therapeutics Department and Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG), La Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Laure Couderc
- Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Therapeutics Department and Coordination Unit for Geriatric Oncology (UCOG), La Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France; CNRS, EFS, ADES, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Julian Touati
- Department of Medical Imaging, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; Center for Magnetic Resonance in Biology and Medicine, UMR 7339, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Arthur Varoquaux
- Department of Medical Imaging, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; Center for Magnetic Resonance in Biology and Medicine, UMR 7339, La Timone University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Yaël Berda-Haddad
- Laboratory of Hematology and Vascular biology, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffroy Venton
- Hematology and Cellular Therapy Department, Conception University Hospital, Marseille, France; TAGC, INSERM, UMR1090, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; SMARTc Unit, Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, UMR_911 CRO2 Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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21
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Million M, Gaudin M, Melenotte C, Chasson L, Edouard S, Verdonk C, Prudent E, Amphoux B, Meresse S, Dorent R, Lepidi H, La Scola B, Gorvel JP, Desnues C, Raoult D. Metagenomic Analysis of Microdissected Valvular Tissue for Etiological Diagnosis of Blood Culture-Negative Endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 70:2405-2412. [PMID: 31309973 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etiological diagnosis is a key to therapeutic adaptation and improved prognosis, particularly for infections such as endocarditis. In blood culture-negative endocarditis (BCNE), 22% of cases remain undiagnosed despite an updated comprehensive syndromic approach. This prompted us to develop a new diagnostic approach. METHODS Eleven valves from 10 BCNE patients were analyzed using a method that combines human RNA bait-depletion with phi29 DNA polymerase-based multiple displacement amplification and shotgun DNA sequencing. An additional case in which a microbe was serendipitously visualized by immunofluorescence was analyzed using the same method, but after laser capture microdissection. RESULTS Background DNA prevented any diagnosis in cases analyzed without microdissection because the majority of sequences were contaminants. Moraxella sequences were dramatically enriched in the stained microdissected region of the additional case. A consensus genome sequence of 2.4 Mbp covering more than 94% of the Moraxella osloensis KSH reference genome was reconstructed with 234X average coverage. Several antibiotic-resistance genes were observed. Etiological diagnosis was confirmed using Western blot and specific polymerase chain reaction with sequencing on a different valve sample. CONCLUSIONS Microdissection could be a key to the metagenomic diagnosis of infectious diseases when a microbe is visualized but remains unidentified despite an updated optimal approach. Moraxella osloensis should be tested in blood culture-negative endocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Million
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
| | - Maxime Gaudin
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
| | - Cléa Melenotte
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
| | - Lionel Chasson
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML)
| | - Sophie Edouard
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
| | - Constance Verdonk
- Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris
| | - Elsa Prudent
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
| | - Bernard Amphoux
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
| | - Stéphane Meresse
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML)
| | - Richard Dorent
- Department of Cardiology, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI).,Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologique et de neuropathologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Timone, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille,, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
| | - Jean-Pierre Gorvel
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML)
| | - Christelle Desnues
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI).,Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) -Méditerranée Infection, Marseille.,Aix Marseille Univ, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Unité Microbes Evolution Phylogenie et Infections (MEPHI)
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22
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Medkour H, Laidoudi Y, Dahmana H, Salvi B, Lepidi H, Mediannikov O, Davoust B. Severe pneumonia in a street rat ( Rattus norvegicus) caused by Rodentibacter rarus strain RMC2. Open Vet J 2021; 11:165-173. [PMID: 33898299 PMCID: PMC8057205 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v11i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rodents are one of the most dangerous reservoirs and carriers of infectious diseases. Gradually, rats have become predominant in cities, sometimes staying in close vicinity to humans, pets, and other animals. Consequently, they tend to increase the transmission risk of pathogens. Case Description Here, we report an original case of bacterial pneumonia in a street rat (Rattus norvegicus). The rat was found dead on a street in the chief town of Marseille (France) after being run over by a car. The necropsy of the corpse revealed generalized granulomatous pneumonia in almost all the pulmonary lobes. Lung lesions and predominantly multiple fibro-inflammatory areas are presumably the witness of an infectious etiology. Bacterial isolation was carried out from lung tissues. Colonies were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The following bacteria were identified: Staphylococcus cohnii, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Bordetella parapertussi, Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum, Pelistega suis and Rodentibacter rarus. Based on the histopathological diagnosis and the avoidance approach, the most likely etiological agent of pneumonia is therefore R. rarus, a little-known Pasteurellales bacterium that is closely related to Rodentibacter pneumotropicus. Conclusion These data emphasize the severity of R. rarus infection in rodents. Thus, pointing out a potential risk for other animals (dogs, cats, and birds), as well as humans. The health monitoring program for rodents and rabbits pasteurellosis should now include R. rarus. Therefore, the pathological effect of the Rodentibacterspecies and/or strains needs to be better explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacène Medkour
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Younes Laidoudi
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Handi Dahmana
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Hubert Lepidi
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Laboratoire d’anatomo-pathologie, CHU La Timone, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de, Marseille, France
| | - Oleg Mediannikov
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Davoust
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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23
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Roqueplo C, Lepidi H, Medkour H, Laidoudi Y, Marié JL, Davoust B. Enzootic Hepatic Capillariasis (Calodium hepaticum) in Street Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Marseille City, France. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9121048. [PMID: 33327390 PMCID: PMC7764846 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9121048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic capillariasis is a rare and neglected zoonosis affecting wild and synanthropic small rodents. It is caused by infection with Calodium hepaticum in liver. Despite the worldwide distribution of the host Rattus norvegicus (brown or street rats) in the urban area, the epidemiological status of this parasitosis remains unknown. In the present study, we examined a total of 27 brown rats from the city centre and a garden (four km from the city centre) of Marseille, France. All rats were autopsied and 52% showed the presence of C. hepaticum eggs in the liver. This result draws general attention to public health risks, since street rats are living near the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Roqueplo
- French Military Health Service, 97411 Saint Denis, France;
- Animal Epidemiology Expert Group of the Military Health Service, 37000 Tours, France;
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (H.L.); (H.M.); (Y.L.)
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
- Laboratoire D’anatomo-Pathologie, CHU La Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hacène Medkour
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (H.L.); (H.M.); (Y.L.)
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Younes Laidoudi
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (H.L.); (H.M.); (Y.L.)
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Lou Marié
- Animal Epidemiology Expert Group of the Military Health Service, 37000 Tours, France;
- Expertise and Defense Health Strategy Division, French Military Health Service, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Bernard Davoust
- Animal Epidemiology Expert Group of the Military Health Service, 37000 Tours, France;
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (H.L.); (H.M.); (Y.L.)
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-0413732401
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24
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Capron T, Cautela J, Scemama U, Miola C, Bartoli A, Theron A, Pinto J, Porto A, Collart F, Lepidi H, Bernard M, Guye M, Thuny F, Avierinos JF, Jacquier A. Cardiac magnetic resonance assessment of left ventricular dilatation in chronic severe left-sided regurgitations: comparison with standard echocardiography. Diagn Interv Imaging 2020; 101:657-665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Gouriet F, Tissot-Dupont H, Casalta JP, Hubert S, Cammilleri S, Riberi A, Lepidi H, Habib G, Raoult D. FDG-PET/CT Incidental Detection of Cancer in Patients Investigated for Infective Endocarditis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:535. [PMID: 33072772 PMCID: PMC7533668 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an imaging technique largely used in the management of infective endocarditis and in the detection and staging of cancer. We evaluate our experience of incidental cancer detection by PET/CT during IE investigations and follow-up. Methods and Findings: Between 2009 and 2018, our center, which includes an “endocarditis team,” managed 750 patients with IE in a prospective cohort. PET/CT became available in 2011 and was performed in 451 patients. Incidental diagnosis of cancer by PET/CT was observed in 36 patients and confirmed in 34 of them (7.5%) (colorectal n = 17; lung n = 7; lymphoma n = 2; melanoma n = 2; ovarian n = 2; prostate n = 1; bladder n = 1; ear, nose, and throat n = 1; brain n = 1). A significant association has been found between colorectal cancer and Streptococcus gallolyticus and/or Enterococcus faecalis [12/26 vs. 6/33 for other cancers, p = 0.025, odds ratio = 3.86 (1.19–12.47)]. Two patients had a negative PET/CT (a colon cancer and a bladder cancer), and two patients, with positive PET/CT, had a benign colorectal tumor. PET/CT had a sensitivity of 94–100% for the diagnosis of cancer in this patient. Conclusions: Whole-body PET/CT confirmed the high incidence of cancer in patients with IE and could now be proposed in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Gouriet
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Tissot-Dupont
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Casalta
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Serge Cammilleri
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Riberi
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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26
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Castel P, Barbier M, Poumerol E, Mandon-Pépin B, Tassistro V, Lepidi H, Pelissier-Alicot AL, Manzoni OJ, Courbiere B. Prenatal cannabinoid exposure alters the ovarian reserve in adult offspring of rats. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:4131-4141. [PMID: 32833042 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02877-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In animals, research in the past two decades has demonstrated the strong involvement of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in numerous steps of the reproductive process, including ovarian physiology. Reproductive lifespan is closely related to the number of nongrowing ovarian follicles, called ovarian reserve (OR), which is definitively established during foetal life. Thus, OR damage may lead to poor reproductive outcomes and a shortened reproductive lifespan. We investigated whether prenatal ECS modulation had an effect on the OR at different ages in the rat offspring. Four groups of gestating female rats (F0) were exposed to the CB1-/CB2-receptor agonist WIN55212 (0.5 mg/kg), the CB1R inverse agonist SR141716 (3 mg/kg) or Δ9THC (5 mg/kg) and were compared to negative control groups. OR was histologically assessed at different postnatal timepoints (F1 individuals): postnatal day (PND) 6, PND40 and PND90. At PND6, prenatal exposure had no effect on OR. In the young adult group (PND90) exposed during gestation to WIN55212, we observed a CB1R-mediated delayed OR decrease, which was reversed by prenatal CB1R blockade by SR141716. Conversely, after prenatal SR141716 exposure, we observed higher OR counts at PND90. RT-PCR experiments also showed that prenatal ECS modulation perturbed the mRNA levels of ECS enzymes and OR regulation genes. Our findings support the role of the ECS in OR regulation during the foetal life of rats and highlight the need for further studies to elucidate its precise role in OR physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Castel
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France. .,Aix Marseille Univ, IMBE, CHU Conception, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Marseille, France.
| | - Magalie Barbier
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Elodie Poumerol
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, 78350, France
| | | | - Virginie Tassistro
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Laure Pelissier-Alicot
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CHU Timone, Service de Medecine Legale, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier J Manzoni
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Cannalab Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
| | - Blandine Courbiere
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, IMBE, CHU Conception, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Marseille, France
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27
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Hannachi N, Lepidi H, Fontanini A, Takakura T, Bou-Khalil J, Gouriet F, Habib G, Raoult D, Camoin-Jau L, Baudoin JP. A Novel Approach for Detecting Unique Variations among Infectious Bacterial Species in Endocarditic Cardiac Valve Vegetation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081899. [PMID: 32823780 PMCID: PMC7464176 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious endocarditis (IE) remains one of the deadliest heart diseases with a high death rate, generally following thrombo-embolic events. Today, therapy is based on surgery and antibiotic therapy. When thromboembolic complications in IE patients persist, this is often due to our lack of knowledge regarding the pathophysiological development and organization of cells in the vegetation, most notably the primordial role of platelets and further triggered hemostasis, which is related to the diversity of infectious microorganisms involved. Our objective was to study the organization of IE vegetations due to different bacteria species in order to understand the related pathophysiological mechanism of vegetation development. We present an approach for ultrastructural analysis of whole-infected heart valve tissue based on scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Our approach allowed us to detect differences in cell organization between the analyzed vegetations and revealed a distinct chemical feature in viridans Streptococci ones. Our results illustrate the benefits that such an approach may bring for guiding therapy, considering the germ involved for each IE patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadji Hannachi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (N.H.); (A.F.); (J.B.-K.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (L.C.-J.)
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Laboratoire D’anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologique, Hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Anthony Fontanini
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (N.H.); (A.F.); (J.B.-K.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (L.C.-J.)
| | - Tatsuki Takakura
- Hitachi High-Tech Corporation, Analytical & Medical Solution Business Group 882 Ichige, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 312-8504, Japan;
| | - Jacques Bou-Khalil
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (N.H.); (A.F.); (J.B.-K.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (L.C.-J.)
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (N.H.); (A.F.); (J.B.-K.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (L.C.-J.)
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Département de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (N.H.); (A.F.); (J.B.-K.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (L.C.-J.)
| | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (N.H.); (A.F.); (J.B.-K.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (L.C.-J.)
- Laboratoire D’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, Boulevard Jean- Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Baudoin
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (N.H.); (A.F.); (J.B.-K.); (F.G.); (D.R.); (L.C.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-1373-2401; Fax: +33-4-1373-2402
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28
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Mezouar S, Lepidi H, Omar Osman I, Gorvel JP, Raoult D, Mege JL, Bechah Y. T-Bet Controls Susceptibility of Mice to Coxiella burnetii Infection. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1546. [PMID: 32765448 PMCID: PMC7381240 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
T-bet is a transcription factor known to initiate and coordinate the gene expression program during Th1 differentiation, which is crucial for clearance of intracellular pathogens. Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. This bacterium is transmitted to humans by aerosol. Indeed, the inhibition of the Coxiella-specific adaptive Th1 immune response leads to persistent infection and organ injury. How deficiency of T-bet affects host infection by C. burnetii has not been investigated. Here, using mice with a deletion of the T-bet gene and an airborne mode of infection to reproduce the natural conditions of C. burnetii infection, we show that infected T-bet–/– mice were more affected than wild-type mice. The lack of T-bet leads to defective bacterial control, intense replication, persistent infection, and organ injury manifesting as an increased number of granulomas. The absence of T-bet was also associated with an impaired immune response. Indeed, the production of the immunomodulatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 was increased, whereas the expression of microbicidal genes by splenocytes was impaired. Moreover, the absence of T-bet exhibited impaired production of interferon-γ, the principal cytokine released by Th1 effector cells. Thus, our study highlights the key role of T-bet in the control of C. burnetii infection in mice and leads to a reappraisal of granulomas in the pathogenesis of Q fever disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mezouar
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ikram Omar Osman
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Didier Raoult
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mege
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,AP-HM, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, UF Immunologie, Marseille, France
| | - Yassina Bechah
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,IRD, AP-HM, VITROME, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,INSERM, Marseille, France
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29
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Baudoin JP, Camoin-Jau L, Prasanth A, Habib G, Lepidi H, Hannachi N. Ultrastructure of a late-stage bacterial endocarditis valve vegetation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 51:821-826. [PMID: 32749620 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a severe illness with high mortality rate, despite advances in antibiotic therapy and cardiac surgery. If infectious bacteria and platelets are two key players of human IE vegetation developmental process, their interactions and respective roles in fully developed late-stage IE vegetations remain obscure. The objective of this study was to better understand the organization of the different components of the IE vegetation and to provide a detailed description of this vegetation ultrastructure. A late stage Staphylococcal endocarditic vegetation was provided from a 13 years teenager patient. After reception of the surgical piece, we carried out a histological study using routine methods, notably the hematoxylin-eosin-saffron staining. Labeling with the anti-CD 61 antibody was also carried out. In a second step, we used transmission electron microscopy to describe the different regions making up the vegetation. Our ultrastructural study revealed vegetation was clearly composed by three different regions and identified the specific location of the bacteria and platelets in the vegetation tissues. Histological analysis showed that platelets and Staphylococcus aureus were not co-localized. Electron microscopy study confirmed that S. aureus were found at distance from platelets, as well from immune cells, embedded in a biofilm and/or a necrotic area. These results reveal a development of a deep bacteria-only niche in vegetation, raising questions about medication access to these microorganisms. Vegetation composed of three regions: a region rich in bacteria incorporated into the necrotic tissue, the second region composed of fibrin filaments and the third region rich in platelets and free of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Baudoin
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France. .,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, APHM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.
| | - Arsha Prasanth
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,Département de cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,Laboratoire d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologique, Hôpital de la Timone, AP-HM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Nadji Hannachi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
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30
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Drancourt M, Djemai K, Gouriet F, Grine G, Loukil A, Bedotto M, Levasseur A, Lepidi H, Bou-Khalil J, Khelaifia S, Raoult D. Methanobrevibacter smithii archaemia in febrile patients with bacteremia, including those with endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e2571-e2579. [PMID: 32668457 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spectrum of infections caused by the emerging opportunistic pathogens methanogens which escape routine detection remains to be described. To determine the prevalence of archaemia, we searched for methanogens in the blood of febrile patients using specific tools. METHODS We conducted a prospective study at Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France, September 2018 - April 2020, enrolling 7,716 blood culture samples routinely collected in patients with fever. Blood samples were screened by specific PCR assays for the presence of methanogens. Positive samples were observed by autofluorescence and electron microscopy, analyzed by metagenomics and cultured using previously developed methods. Blood culture bottles experimentally inoculated were used as controls. The presence of methanogens in vascular and cardiac tissues was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence, fluorescent in situ hybridization and PCR-based investigations. RESULTS PCR detection attempted in 7,716 blood samples, was negative in all 1,312 aerobic bottles and 810 bacterial culture-negative anaerobic bottles. PCRs were positive in 27/5,594 (0.5%) bacterial culture-positive anaerobic bottles that contained cultures collected from 26 patients. Sequencing confirmed Methanobrevibacter smithii associated with staphylococci in 14 patients, fermentative Enterobacteriaceae in nine patients and streptococci in three patients. Metagenomics confirmed M. smithii in five blood samples, and M. smithii was isolated via culture in broth from two samples; the genomes of these two isolates were sequenced. Blood cultures experimentally inoculated with Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus epidermidis or Staphylococcus hominis yielded hydrogen, but no methane, authentifying observational data.Three patients, all diagnosed with infectious mitral endocarditis, were diagnosed by microscopy, PCR-based detections and culture: we showed M. smithii microscopically and by a specific PCR followed by sequencing method in two of three cardiovascular tissues. CONCLUSIONS Using appropriate methods of detection, M. smithii is demonstrated as causing archaemia and endocarditis in febrile patients who are coinfected by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Drancourt
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Kenza Djemai
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ghiles Grine
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ahmed Loukil
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Marielle Bedotto
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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31
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Luciani L, Ninove L, Zandotti C, Chalvignac V, Lagier D, Baume J, Mélade J, Piorkowski G, Coutard B, Lepidi H, Pelletier J, Audoin B, Rico-Lamy A, Nougairède A. Fatal underhanded chronic enterovirus infection associated with anti-CD20 monotherapy for central nervous system demyelinating disease. Mult Scler 2020; 27:320-323. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458520923978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a fatal case of coxsackievirus B4 chronic infection in a 30-year-old woman with a diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder controlled by rituximab monotherapy for 3 years. Initially presenting as self-limited meningitis, the infection remained silent for 8 months before the sudden onset of fulminant myocarditis. Analysis of the complete genome showed that the same virus was responsible for both episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Luciani
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France; Laboratoire de microbiologie (Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille; IHU Méditerranée Infection) Marseille, France
| | - Laetitia Ninove
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France; Laboratoire de microbiologie (Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille; IHU Méditerranée Infection) Marseille, France
| | - Christine Zandotti
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France; Laboratoire de microbiologie (Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille; IHU Méditerranée Infection) Marseille, France
| | - Virginie Chalvignac
- Assistance publique–hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Service de chirurgie cardio-thoracique, Marseille, France
| | - David Lagier
- Aix-Marseille University, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service d’Anesthésie et de Réanimation, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Baume
- Laboratoire de microbiologie (Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille; IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Julien Mélade
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Géraldine Piorkowski
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Coutard
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Laboratoire d’anatomo-pathologie, APHM, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Pelletier
- Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France/CRMBM UMR 7339, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bertrand Audoin
- Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France/CRMBM UMR 7339, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Audrey Rico-Lamy
- Pôle de Neurosciences Cliniques, Service de Neurologie, APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France/CRMBM UMR 7339, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Nougairède
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207-IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France; Laboratoire de microbiologie (Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille; IHU Méditerranée Infection) Marseille, France
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32
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Lessard L, Gallay L, Compain C, Robinson P, Lepidi H, Streichenberger N. Myalgia, Headaches, and Ineffective Immunosuppressive Drugs in a 65-Year-Old Female With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 70:2231-2234. [PMID: 32373940 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lola Lessard
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Institut NeuroMyoGène CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217- Université de Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Laure Gallay
- Département de médecine interne et immunologie clinique, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Institut NeuroMyoGène CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217, France
| | - Caroline Compain
- Service de Médecine interne, Centre Hospitalier Métropole Savoie, Chambéry, France
| | - Philip Robinson
- Direction de la Recherche Clinique et de l'Innovation, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, MEPHI, IRD 198, Aix-Marseille-Université, AP-HM, France
| | - Nathalie Streichenberger
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Institut NeuroMyoGène CNRS UMR 5310 - INSERM U1217- Université de Lyon - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
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33
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Mediannikov O, Fenollar F, Davoust B, Amanzougaghene N, Lepidi H, Arzouni JP, Diatta G, Sokhna C, Delerce J, Levasseur A, Raoult D. Epidemic of venereal treponematosis in wild monkeys: a paradigm for syphilis origin. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 35:100670. [PMID: 32368345 PMCID: PMC7184178 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Treponema pallidum infections have been primarily known as slightly contagious mucocutaneous infections called yaws (tropical Africa and America) and bejel (subtropical North Africa). T. pallidum emerged as a highly infectious venereal syphilis agent in South America, probably about 500 years ago, and because of its venereal transmission, it quickly caused a worldwide pandemic. The disease manifests as lesions, including a chancre; then antibodies become detectable when or slightly after the chancre appears, and before the development of a rash and other systemic manifestations. Venereal diseases are poorly known in monkeys. During fieldwork in Senegal, we discovered an epizootic outbreak of venereal disease that we explored. We detected a venereal form of T. pallidum subsp. pertenue infection in green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus), then observed an epizootic outbreak in Senegal and its spread among baboons a year later. Comparative analysis of T. pallidum genomes from the monkeys' chancres and other Treponema genomes showed an acceleration of the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms, comparable to that observed in syphilis. Identified T. pallidum clones seem to be epizootic through the acceleration of their mutation rate, which is linked to their larger diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Mediannikov
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - F. Fenollar
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - B. Davoust
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - N. Amanzougaghene
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - H. Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - J.-P. Arzouni
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - G. Diatta
- VITROME, Campus International UCAD-IRD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - C. Sokhna
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - J. Delerce
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - A. Levasseur
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - D. Raoult
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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34
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Ivanov V, Farnault L, Mercier C, Colavolpe C, Venton G, Colle J, Lepidi H, Arnoux I, Nicolino-Brunet C, Berda-Haddad Y, Fanciullino R, Ivanov G, Costello R. Different sensitivity of CD19-positive bone marrow and lymph node lymphoblasts may cause resistance to blinatumomab in relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:1230-1233. [PMID: 31900013 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1706737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Ivanov
- Department of Hematology, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Laure Farnault
- Department of Hematology, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Cedric Mercier
- Department of Hematology, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Cecile Colavolpe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, La Timone & North University Hospital, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffroy Venton
- Department of Hematology, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France.,INSERM, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Colle
- Department of Hematology, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Department of Pathology, CHU La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Arnoux
- Department of Hematology, CHU La Timone, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Yael Berda-Haddad
- Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, CHU La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Raphaelle Fanciullino
- Pharmacy Unit, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, APHM, Marseille, France.,SMARTc Unit, Pharmacokinetics Laboratory, Marseille, France
| | | | - Regis Costello
- Department of Hematology, La Conception, University Hospital of Marseille, Marseille, France.,INSERM, Marseille, France
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35
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Fellag M, Loukil A, Saad J, Lepidi H, Bouzid F, Brégeon F, Drancourt M. Translocation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis after experimental ingestion. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0227005. [PMID: 31887178 PMCID: PMC6936814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tuberculosis is a life-threatening infection following the inhalation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, while the closely related bacteria Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium canettii are thought to be transmitted by ingestion. To explore whether M. tuberculosis could also infect individuals by ingestion, male BALBc mice were fed 2 x 106 CFUs of M. tuberculosis Beijing or phosphate-buffered saline as a negative control, over a 28-day experiment. While eight negative control mice remained disease-free, M. tuberculosis was identified in the lymph nodes and lungs of 8/14 mice and in the spleens of 4/14 mice by microscopy, PCR-based detection and culture. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed the identity of the inoculum and the tissue isolates. In these genetically identical mice, the dissemination of M. tuberculosis correlated with the results of the culture detection of four intestinal bacteria. These observations indicate that ingested M. tuberculosis mycobacteria can translocate, notably provoking lymphatic tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Fellag
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ahmed Loukil
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jamal Saad
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Fériel Bouzid
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Fabienne Brégeon
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille Univ., IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
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36
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Melenotte C, Loukil A, Rico A, Lepidi H, Raoult D. Blood Culture-Negative Cardiovascular Infection in a Patient With Multiple Sclerosis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6:ofz429. [PMID: 31660380 PMCID: PMC6810175 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A patient with multiple sclerosis presented with seronegative C. burnetii endocarditis diagnosed using C. burnetii–specific polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization on cardiovascular biopsy. This case supports the necessity of a systematic polymerase chain reaction testing of removed cardiac valves because blood culture–negative endocarditis can be pauci-symptomatic, and serological tests can be negative in cases of immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cléa Melenotte
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ahmed Loukil
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Audrey Rico
- Service de Neurologie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,Service d'Anatomopathologie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Philip M, Tessonnier L, Mancini J, Mainardi JL, Lussato D, Cammillieri S, Weinmann P, Hagege A, Gouriet F, Camoin L, Casalta JP, Riberi A, Drancourt M, Lepidi H, Habib G. 333018F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the diagnosis of prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVIE): a prospective multicenter study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives
18F-FDG PET/CT has recently been added as a major criterion in the ESC 2015 infective endocarditis (IE) guidelines, but the value of this new diagnostic algorithm has never been prospectively assessed.
Purposes
1. Primary objective: to assess the value of the new ESC criteria including 18F-FDG PET/CT in prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVIE).
2. Secondary objectives: to determine the reproducibility of 18F-FDG PET/CT; to assess its ability to predict embolic events.
Methods
Between 2014 and 2017, 175 patients with suspected PVIE were prospectively included in 3 French centers. After exclusion of patients with uninterpretable or not feasible PET/CT,115 patients were finally included in the analysis, including 91 definite IE and 24 rejected IE, as defined by an expert Consensus of Endocarditis Team after 3-month follow-up as Gold Standard
Nuclear data were blindly analyzed by two independent nuclear medicine physicians.
Patients follow-up was scheduled at one and three months after hospitalization
Results
Significant cardiac uptake by PET/CT (major criterion) was observed in 67 among 91 patients with definite PVIE and 6 patients with rejected IE (sensitivity 73.6%, specificity 75%, positive predictive value 91%, negative predictive value 42%). Considering cardiac uptake as a major criterion, the ESC 2015 classification increased the sensitivity of Duke criteria from 57 to 84% (p<0.001) but decreased its specificity from 84 to 70% (p<0.001).
Intraobserver reproducibility of cardiac uptake evaluation was good (kappa = 0.84) but inter observer reproductibility was less satisfactory (kappa = 0.63).
Embolic events occurred in 31 patients (27%) and were correlated with vegetation size by ECHO (p<0.001), Staphylococcus infection (p=0.003), and PET/CT cardiac uptake (p=0.02).
Conclusion
1. the value of PET CT and ESC criteria is confirmed and may allow earlier diagnosis of PVIE
2. PET CT is associated with an increased risk of false positive results probably related to the technical improvements
3. Reproducibility of nuclear measurements seems unsatisfactory, justifying efforts to standardize PET studies interpretation
4. Our study describes for the first time a positive correlation between a positive PET/Ct and occurrence of embolic events, warranting additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Philip
- La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | - J Mancini
- La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - J L Mainardi
- Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou - University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - D Lussato
- Centre Cardiologique du Nord (CCN), Paris, France
| | | | - P Weinmann
- Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou - University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A Hagege
- Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou - University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - F Gouriet
- La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - L Camoin
- La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | - A Riberi
- La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | - H Lepidi
- La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - G Habib
- La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
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38
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Prudent E, Le Guenno G, Jonckheere S, Vankeerberghen A, Lepidi H, Angelakis E, Raoult D. Fluorescent in situ hybridization can be used as a complementary assay for the diagnosis of Tropheryma whipplei infection. Infection 2018; 47:317-321. [PMID: 30368732 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-018-1243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunohistochemistry and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining have been routinely used for the diagnosis of Whipple's disease (WD). However, these methods present limitations. As a result, the last years, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has been increasingly used as a complementary tool for the diagnosis of WD from various tissue samples. CASE REPORT In this study, we visualized, by FISH, Tropheryma whipplei within macrophages of a lymph node from a patient with WD. Moreover, we report in this study a patient with a pulmonary biopsy compatible with WD by PAS, immunostaining and FISH, although the specific molecular assays for T. whipplei were negative. Sequencing analysis of the 16S rDNA revealed a T. whipplei-related species with unknown classification. CONCLUSION FISH can be a valuable method for the detection of Tropheryma species in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. FISH cannot replace the other already approved diagnostic techniques for WD, it can be used as a complementary tool and can provide supplementary information in a relatively short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Prudent
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Le Guenno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Estaing, Centre, Hospitaliser Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stijn Jonckheere
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, OLV Hospital Aalst, Aalst, Belgium
| | | | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanouil Angelakis
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France. .,Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
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Prudent E, Lepidi H, Angelakis E, Raoult D. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Peptide Nucleic Acid Probe-Based FISH for Diagnosis of Q Fever Endocarditis and Vascular Infections. J Clin Microbiol 2018; 56:e00542-18. [PMID: 29899006 PMCID: PMC6113452 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00542-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocarditis and vascular infections are common manifestations of persistent localized infection due to Coxiella burnetii, and recently, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was proposed as an alternative tool for their diagnosis. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of FISH in a series of valve and vascular samples infected by C. burnetii We tested 23 C. burnetii-positive valves and thrombus samples obtained from patients with Q fever endocarditis. Seven aneurysms and thrombus specimens were retrieved from patients with Q fever vascular infections. Samples were analyzed by culture, immunochemistry, and FISH with oligonucleotide and PNA probes targeting C. burnetii-specific 16S rRNA sequences. The immunohistochemical analysis was positive for five (17%) samples with significantly more copies of C. burnetii DNA than the negative ones (P = 0.02). FISH was positive for 13 (43%) samples and presented 43% and 40% sensitivity compared to that for quantitative PCR (qPCR) and culture, respectively. PNA FISH detected C. burnetii in 18 (60%) samples and presented 60% and 55% sensitivity compared to that for qPCR and culture, respectively. Immunohistochemistry had 38% and 28% sensitivity compared to that for FISH and PNA FISH, respectively. Samples found positive by both immunohistochemistry and PNA FISH contained significantly more copies of C. burnetii DNA than the negative ones (P = 0.03). Finally, PNA FISH was more sensitive than FISH (60% versus 43%, respectively) for the detection of C. burnetii We provide evidence that PNA FISH and FISH are important assays for the diagnosis of C. burnetii endocarditis and vascular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Prudent
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanouil Angelakis
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- French Reference Center for the Diagnosis and Study of Rickettsioses, Q fever and Bartonelloses, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Brönnimann D, Vareil MO, Sibon I, Lagier JC, Lepidi H, Puges M, Haneche F, Raoult D, Desclaux A, Neau D, Cazanave C. Limbic encephalitis as a relapse of Whipple's disease with digestive involvement and spondylodiscitis. Infection 2018; 47:637-641. [PMID: 29987509 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-018-1173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many clinical manifestations can be related to Tropheryma whipplei infection. CASE REPORT We report a Tropheryma whipplei limbic encephalitis developed as a relapse of classical Whipple's disease. DISCUSSION This case is to the best of our knowledge the first proof of the effective brain-blood barrier crossing of both doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine as demonstrated by direct concentration monitoring on brain biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Brönnimann
- Service de médecine interne et pathologies infectieuses, CHU de Bordeaux, Groupe Hospitalier Saint André, hôpital Saint André, 1 rue Jean Burguet, 33000, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
| | - Marc-Olivier Vareil
- Service de maladies infectieuses et dermatologie, Centre hospitalier de la côte basque, 64100, Bayonne, France
| | - Igor Sibon
- CHU Bordeaux, Unité Neurovasculaire, 33000, Bordeaux, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, INCIA UMR CNRS 5287, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagier
- Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13000, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13000, Marseille, France
| | - Mathilde Puges
- Service des pathologies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Bordeaux, hôpital Pellegrin, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fatiha Haneche
- Service des pathologies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Bordeaux, hôpital Pellegrin, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, 13000, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Desclaux
- Service des pathologies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Bordeaux, hôpital Pellegrin, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Neau
- Service des pathologies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Bordeaux, hôpital Pellegrin, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Charles Cazanave
- Service des pathologies infectieuses et tropicales, CHU de Bordeaux, hôpital Pellegrin, 33000, Bordeaux, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, USC EA 3671, Infections humaines à mycoplasmes et à chlamydiae, 33000, Bordeaux, France
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Salaun E, Touil A, Hubert S, Casalta JP, Gouriet F, Robinet-Borgomano E, Doche E, Laksiri N, Rey C, Lavoute C, Renard S, Brunel H, Casalta AC, Pradier J, Avierinos JF, Lepidi H, Camoin-Jau L, Riberi A, Raoult D, Habib G. Intracranial haemorrhage in infective endocarditis. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 111:712-721. [PMID: 29884600 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although intracranial cerebral haemorrhage (ICH) complicating infective endocarditis (IE) is a critical clinical issue, its characteristics, impact, and prognosis remain poorly known. AIMS To assess the incidence, mechanisms, risk factors and prognosis of ICH complicating left-sided IE. METHODS In this single-centre study, 963 patients with possible or definite left-sided IE were included from January 2000 to December 2015. RESULTS Sixty-eight (7%) patients had an ICH (mean age 57±13 years; 75% male). ICH was classified into three groups according to mechanism: ruptured mycotic aneurysm (n=22; 32%); haemorrhage after ischaemic stroke (n=27; 40%); and undetermined aetiology (n=19; 28%). Five variables were independently associated with ICH: platelet count<150×109/L (odds ratio [OR] 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-5.4; P=0.049); severe valve regurgitation (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3-7.6; P=0.008); ischaemic stroke (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.9-9.4; P<0.001); other symptomatic systemic embolism (OR 14.1, 95% CI 5.1-38.9; P<0.001); and presence of mycotic aneurysm (OR 100.2, 95% CI 29.2-343.7; P<0.001). Overall, 237 (24.6%) patients died within 2.3 (0.7-10.4) months of follow-up. ICH was not associated with increased mortality (P not significant). However, the 1-year mortality rate differed according to ICH mechanism: 14%, 15% and 45% in patients with ruptured mycotic aneurysm, haemorrhage after ischaemic stroke and undetermined aetiology, respectively (P=0.03). In patients with an ICH, mortality was higher in non-operated versus operated patients when cardiac surgery was indicated (P=0.005). No operated patient had neurological deterioration. CONCLUSIONS ICH is a common complication of left-sided IE. The impact on prognosis is dependent on mechanism (haemorrhage of undetermined aetiology). We observed a higher mortality rate in patients who had conservative treatment when cardiac surgery was indicated compared with in those who underwent cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Salaun
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Anissa Touil
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Casalta
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | | | - Emilie Doche
- Neurology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Nadia Laksiri
- Neurology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Caroline Rey
- Neurology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Cécile Lavoute
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Renard
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Brunel
- Radiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Claire Casalta
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Julie Pradier
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Avierinos
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France; Department of Hematology, Aix Marseille University, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alberto Riberi
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Cardiology Department, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM, boulevard Jean-Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; MEPHI, IRD, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France
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Melenotte C, Izaaryene JJ, Gomez C, Delord M, Prudent E, Lepidi H, Mediannikov O, Lacoste M, Djossou F, Mania A, Bernard N, Huchot E, Mège JL, Brégeon F, Raoult D. Coxiella burnetii: A Hidden Pathogen in Interstitial Lung Disease? Clin Infect Dis 2018; 67:1120-1124. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cléa Melenotte
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
| | | | - Carine Gomez
- Service de Pneumologie et Transplantation Pulmonaire, Centre de Compétences des Maladies Rares Pulmonaires et de l’Hypertension Pulmonaire, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire (CHU) Nord de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Marion Delord
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Elsa Prudent
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Oleg Mediannikov
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Marion Lacoste
- Centre Hospitalier de Troyes, Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses
| | - Felix Djossou
- Centre Hospitalier André Rosemon de Cayenne, Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales
| | - Alexandre Mania
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand Gabriel-Montpied, France
| | - Noelle Bernard
- Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuse, Hôpital Saint André, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Eric Huchot
- Centre Hospitalier de la Réunion, Service de Pneumologie, Saint Pierre, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mège
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
| | - Fabienne Brégeon
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
- Service d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Pôle CVT 16, CHU Nord, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- IRD, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), MEPHI, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire-Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille Université
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Aherfi S, Nappez C, Lepidi H, Bedotto M, Barassi L, Jardot P, Colson P, La Scola B, Raoult D, Bregeon F. Experimental Inoculation in Rats and Mice by the Giant Marseillevirus Leads to Long-Term Detection of Virus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:463. [PMID: 29619012 PMCID: PMC5871663 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of the giant virus of amoeba Marseillevirus has been identified at many different sites on the human body, including in the bloodstream of asymptomatic subjects, in the lymph nodes of a child with adenitis, in one adult with Hodgkin's disease, and in the pharynx of an adult. A high seroprevalence of the Marseillevirus has been recorded in the general population. Whether Marseillevirus can disseminate and persist within a mammal after entry remains unproven. We aimed to assess the ability of the virus to disseminate and persist into healthy organisms, especially in the lymphoid organs. Parenteral inoculations were performed by intraperitoneal injection (in rats and mice) or intravenous injection (in rats). Airway inoculation was performed by aerosolization (in mice). Dissemination and persistence were assessed by using PCR and amebal co-culture. Serologies were performed by immunofluorescent assay. Pathological examination was conducted after standard and immunohistochemistry staining. After intraperitoneal inoculation in mice and rats, Marseillevirus was detected in the bloodstream during the first 24 h. Persistence was noted until the end of the experiment, i.e., at 14 days in rats. After intravenous inoculation in rats, the virus was first detected in the blood until 48 h and then in deep organs with infectious virus detected until 14 and 21 days in the liver and the spleen, respectively. Its DNA was detected for up to 30 days in the liver and the spleen. After aerosolization in mice, infectious Marseillevirus was present in the lungs and nasal associated lymphoid tissue until 30 days post inoculation but less frequently and at a lower viral load in the lung than in the nasal associated lymphoid tissue. No other site of dissemination was found after aerosol exposure. Despite no evidence of disease being observed, the 30-day long persistence of Marseillevirus in rats and mice, regardless of the route of inoculation, supports the hypothesis of an infective potential of the virus in certain conditions. Its constant and long-term detection in nasal associated lymphoid tissue in mice after an aerosol exposure suggests the involvement of naso-pharyngeal associated lymphoid tissues in protecting the host against environmental Marseillevirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Aherfi
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Claude Nappez
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France.,Laboratoire d'Anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Marielle Bedotto
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Lina Barassi
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Priscilla Jardot
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Colson
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France
| | - Fabienne Bregeon
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Timone, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Marseille, France.,Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires Centre Hospitalo Universitaire Nord, Pôle Cardio-Vasculaire et thoracique, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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de Worm S, Giot JB, Courtoy C, Gillet E, Amrane S, Huynen P, Van Esbroeck M, Prudent E, Lepidi H, Million M, Moutschen M, Raoult D. A case of giant cell arteritis associated with culture-proven Coxiella burnetii aortitis. Int J Infect Dis 2018; 69:50-54. [PMID: 29408476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A case of proven Coxiella burnetii aortitis, possibly associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA), is reported. A 72-year-old man, who is a hunter, presented with weight loss, fever, jaw claudication, and hardened temporal arteries associated with a persistent inflammatory syndrome and arteritis of the whole aorta, including the brachiocephalic arteries, as seen on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography. The diagnosis of GCA was retained, and treatment with prednisolone was started. Given the aneurysm of the abdominal aorta, the patient underwent replacement of the abdominal aorta with an allograft. Histology showed intense chronic arteritis attributed to atherosclerosis with dissection. However, Coxiella burnetii infection was confirmed by serology and then by culture and molecular biology on the surgical specimen. A combination of hydroxychloroquine and doxycycline was added to tapered prednisolone and the outcome was favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S de Worm
- Internal General Medicine and Infectious Diseases, CHU de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - J B Giot
- Internal General Medicine and Infectious Diseases, CHU de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - C Courtoy
- Rheumatology, CHR de Verviers, 4800 Verviers, Belgium
| | - E Gillet
- General Practitioner, 4651 Battice, Belgium
| | - Sophie Amrane
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - P Huynen
- Medical Microbiology, CHU de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - M Van Esbroeck
- Belgian National Reference Centre for Coxiella burnetii, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2000 Anvers, Belgium
| | - E Prudent
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - H Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Matthieu Million
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - M Moutschen
- Internal General Medicine and Infectious Diseases, CHU de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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45
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Gouriet F, Tissot-Dupont H, Casalta JP, Hubert S, Fournier PE, Edouard S, Theron A, Lepidi H, Grisoli D, Habib G, Raoult D. Marseille scoring system for empiric treatment of infective endocarditis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 37:841-849. [PMID: 29397446 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-3177-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in medical, surgical, and critical care, infective endocarditis (IE) remains associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the performance of the Marseille score, including clinical data and biological tests obtained within 2 h, to identify patients at high risk of IE in order to initiate early antimicrobial treatment. This was secondarily confirmed using modified ESC criteria combined with molecular testing and (18)fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography as diagnostic tools. In a prospective cohort study, we enrolled 484 patients with cardiovascular predisposition and clinical suspicion of IE from 2011 to 2013. The final diagnosis was definite IE in 123 patients and possible IE in 107. Marseille score was calculated adding one point for each present parameter (range 0-9). This score includes clinical, epidemiological (male, fever, splenomegaly, clubbing, vascular disease and stroke) and biological criteria (Leucocytes >10,000/mm3, sedimentation rate (SR) > 50/mm or C reactive protein >10 mg/L and hemoglobin <100 g/l). A score of 2 or more performed best in predicting IE in patients with predisposing heart lesions. Sensitivity was better on left-side heart lesions (94%) than on right-side heart lesions (85%) (p = 0.04) and better for valvulopathy (94%) than intra cardiac devices (84%) (p = 0.02). The predictive positive value of prosthetic valves was greater than that of native valves (p = 0.02). Using our simple Marseille score combined with our standardized diagnostic procedures would help improve IE management by focusing on early empiric treatment within 2 h of admission for patients with cardiac predisposition factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Gouriet
- URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 9-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France. .,IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.
| | - Hervé Tissot-Dupont
- URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 9-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Paul Casalta
- URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 9-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Edouard Fournier
- URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 9-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Sophie Edouard
- URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 9-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Alexis Theron
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital de la Timone, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 9-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Dominique Grisoli
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, Hôpital de la Timone, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- URMITE, Aix Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 9-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,IHU - Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 05, France
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Salaun E, Sportouch L, Barral PA, Hubert S, Lavoute C, Casalta AC, Pradier J, Ouk D, Casalta JP, Lambert M, Gouriet F, Gaubert JY, Dehaene A, Jacquier A, Tessonnier L, Haentjens J, Theron A, Riberi A, Cammilleri S, Grisoli D, Jaussaud N, Collart F, Bonnet JL, Camoin L, Renard S, Cuisset T, Avierinos JF, Lepidi H, Mundler O, Raoult D, Habib G. Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis After TAVR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 11:143-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fournier PE, Gouriet F, Casalta JP, Lepidi H, Chaudet H, Thuny F, Collart F, Habib G, Raoult D. Blood culture-negative endocarditis: Improving the diagnostic yield using new diagnostic tools. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8392. [PMID: 29381916 PMCID: PMC5708915 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood culture-negative endocarditis (BCNE) may represent up to 70% of all endocarditis cases, depending on series. From 2001 to 2009, we implemented in our laboratory a multimodal diagnostic strategy for BCNE that included systematized testing of blood, and when available, valvular biopsy specimens using serological, broad range molecular, and histopathological assays. A causative microorganism was identified in 62.7% of patients.In this study from January 2010 to December 2015, in an effort to increase the number of identified causative microorganisms, we prospectively added to our diagnostic protocol specific real-time (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting various endocarditis agents, and applied them to all patients with BCNE admitted to the 4 public hospitals in Marseille, France.A total of 283 patients with BCNE were included in the study. Of these, 177 were classified as having definite endocarditis. Using our new multimodal diagnostic strategy, we identified an etiology in 138 patients (78.0% of cases). Of these, 3 were not infective (2.2%) and 1 was diagnosed as having Mycobacterium bovis BCG endocarditis. By adding specific PCR assays from blood and valvular biopsies, which exhibited a significantly greater sensitivity (P < 10) than other methods, causative agents, mostly enterococci, streptococci, and zoonotic microorganisms, were identified in an additional 27 patients (14 from valves only, 11 from blood only, and 2 from both). Finally, in another 107 patients, a pathogen was detected using serology in 37, valve culture in 8, broad spectrum PCR from valvular biopsies and blood in 19 and 2, respectively, immunohistochemistry from valves in 3, and a combination of several assays in 38.By adding specific RT-PCR assays to our systematic PCR testing of patients with BCNE, we increased the diagnostic efficiency by 24.3%, mostly by detecting enterococci and streptococci that had not been detected by other diagnostic methods, but also agents requiring specific management such as Mycoplasma hominis and Tropheryma whipplei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Edouard Fournier
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, Inserm1095, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, IHU Méditerranée-Infection
- Fédération de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue Saint-Pierre
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, Inserm1095, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, IHU Méditerranée-Infection
- Fédération de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue Saint-Pierre
| | - Jean-Paul Casalta
- Fédération de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue Saint-Pierre
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, Inserm1095, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, IHU Méditerranée-Infection
| | - Hervé Chaudet
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, Inserm1095, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, IHU Méditerranée-Infection
| | | | | | - Gilbert Habib
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS7278, IRD198, Inserm1095, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, IHU Méditerranée-Infection
- Fédération de Microbiologie Clinique, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue Saint-Pierre
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48
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Roux V, Salaun E, Tribouilloy C, Hubert S, Bohbot Y, Casalta JP, Barral PA, Rusinaru D, Gouriet F, Lavoute C, Haentjens J, Di Biscegli M, Dehaene A, Renard S, Casalta AC, Pradier J, Avierinos JF, Riberi A, Lambert M, Collart F, Jacquier A, Thuny F, Camoin-Jau L, Lepidi H, Raoult D, Habib G. Coronary events complicating infective endocarditis. Heart 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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49
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Diallo A, Michaud C, Tabibou S, Raz M, Fernandez C, Lepidi H, Fournier PE, Stein A, Ranque S, Seng P. Arthrocladium fulminans Arthritis and Osteomyelitis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 96:698-700. [PMID: 28070004 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrocladium fulminans is the only species in the Arthrocladium genus that has been involved in a previous human infection. To date, only one case of A. fulminans infection in a patient with GATA-2 immunodeficiency has been reported. We here report the second human case and the first case of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis due to A. fulminans in an immunocompetent patient, living in Mayotte, a French island in western Indian Ocean. He was successfully treated with surgical debridement and 6 months of antifungal treatment. This second observation of human invasive disease caused by A. fulminans is an additional argument for the pathogenicity of this rare species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulahy Diallo
- Service de Médecine Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte, Mamoudzou, Mayotte
| | - Céline Michaud
- Service de Médecine Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte, Mamoudzou, Mayotte
| | - Souandou Tabibou
- Service de Médecine Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte, Mamoudzou, Mayotte
| | - Maxime Raz
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte, Mamoudzou, Mayotte
| | - Carla Fernandez
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU Félix-Guyon, Saint-Denis, Réunion
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM 1095, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, URMITE, Marseille, France
| | | | - Andreas Stein
- Centre de Référence des Infections Ostéo-Articulaires (CRIOA) Interrégional Sud-Méditerranée, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Conception, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, INSERM 1095, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, URMITE, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Ranque
- Parasitologie and Mycologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.,IP-TPT UMR MD3, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Piseth Seng
- Centre de Référence des Infections Ostéo-Articulaires (CRIOA) Interrégional Sud-Méditerranée, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Service de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Conception, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, INSERM 1095, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, URMITE, Marseille, France
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50
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Vecten M, Martel H, Casalta JP, Hubert S, Lepidi H, Habib G, Raoult D, Gouriet F. Fatal Neisseria macacae infective endocarditis: first report. Infection 2017; 45:369-371. [PMID: 28132395 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-017-0985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neisseria macacae is a Gram-negative diplococcus, found in the oropharynx of healthy Rhesus Monkeys. Infections caused by N. macacae in humans are extremely rare. CASE PRESENTATION We present here the first case of N. macacae infective endocarditis in a 65-year-old man with a native aortic valve infection complicated by a peri-aortic abscess. N. macacae was isolated from blood culture and was found on the cardiac valve using 16S rDNA detection. Despite an appropriate antibiotic therapy, and aortic homograft replacement, and mitral repair, the patient died 4 days after surgery from a massive hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Vecten
- Faculté de Médecine, URMITE, Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.,Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue St Pierre, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Martel
- Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital de La Timone, AP-HM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Casalta
- Faculté de Médecine, URMITE, Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.,Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue St Pierre, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Hubert
- Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital de La Timone, AP-HM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Hubert Lepidi
- Faculté de Médecine, URMITE, Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Hôpital de La Timone, AP-HM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Faculté de Médecine, URMITE, Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France.,Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue St Pierre, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Gouriet
- Faculté de Médecine, URMITE, Aix-Marseille Université, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille, France. .,Pôle de Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital de la Timone, Rue St Pierre, 13385, Marseille, France.
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