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Zhao G, Tang Y, Dan R, Xie M, Zhang T, Li P, He F, Li N, Peng Y. Pasteurella multocida activates apoptosis via the FAK-AKT-FOXO1 axis to cause pulmonary integrity loss, bacteremia, and eventually a cytokine storm. Vet Res 2024; 55:46. [PMID: 38589976 PMCID: PMC11003142 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is an important zoonotic respiratory pathogen capable of infecting a diverse range of hosts, including humans, farm animals, and wild animals. However, the precise mechanisms by which P. multocida compromises the pulmonary integrity of mammals and subsequently induces systemic infection remain largely unexplored. In this study, based on mouse and rabbit models, we found that P. multocida causes not only lung damage but also bacteremia due to the loss of lung integrity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that bacteremia is an important aspect of P. multocida pathogenesis, as evidenced by the observed multiorgan damage and systemic inflammation, and ultimately found that this systemic infection leads to a cytokine storm that can be mitigated by IL-6-neutralizing antibodies. As a result, we divided the pathogenesis of P. multocida into two phases: the pulmonary infection phase and the systemic infection phase. Based on unbiased RNA-seq data, we discovered that P. multocida-induced apoptosis leads to the loss of pulmonary epithelial integrity. These findings have been validated in both TC-1 murine lung epithelial cells and the lungs of model mice. Conversely, the administration of Ac-DEVD-CHO, an apoptosis inhibitor, effectively restored pulmonary epithelial integrity, significantly mitigated lung damage, inhibited bacteremia, attenuated the cytokine storm, and reduced mortality in mouse models. At the molecular level, we demonstrated that the FAK-AKT-FOXO1 axis is involved in P. multocida-induced lung epithelial cell apoptosis in both cells and animals. Thus, our research provides crucial information with regard to the pathogenesis of P. multocida as well as potential treatment options for this and other respiratory bacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhan Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruitong Dan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Muhan Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianci Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Environment and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nengzhang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Liu H, Xu T, Xue Z, Huang M, Wang T, Zhang M, Yang R, Guo Y. Current Development of Thiazole-Containing Compounds as Potential Antibacterials against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:350-370. [PMID: 38232301 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria is threatening to human health and life around the world. In particular, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes fatal injuries to human beings and serious economic losses to animal husbandry due to its easy transmission and difficult treatment. Currently, the development of novel, highly effective, and low-toxicity antimicrobials is important to combat MRSA infections. Thiazole-containing compounds with good biological activity are widely used in clinical practice, and appropriate structural modifications make it possible to develop new antimicrobials. Here, we review thiazole-containing compounds and their antibacterial effects against MRSA reported in the past two decades and discuss their structure-activity relationships as well as the corresponding antimicrobial mechanisms. Some thiazole-containing compounds exhibit potent antibacterial efficacy in vitro and in vivo after appropriate structural modifications and could be used as antibacterial candidates. This Review provides insights into the development of thiazole-containing compounds as antimicrobials to combat MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Liu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zihan Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Meijuan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruige Yang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
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Chen J, Lv Y, Shang W, Yang Y, Wang Y, Hu Z, Huang X, Zhang R, Yuan J, Huang J, Rao X. Loaded delta-hemolysin shapes the properties of Staphylococcus aureus membrane vesicles. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1254367. [PMID: 37869662 PMCID: PMC10588482 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1254367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanoscale vesicular structures produced by bacteria during their growth in vitro and in vivo. Some bacterial components can be loaded in bacterial MVs, but the roles of the loaded MV molecules are unclear. Methods MVs of Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 and its derivatives were prepared. Dynamic light scattering analysis was used to evaluate the size distribution, and 4D-label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was performed to detect protein composition in the MVs. The site-mutation S. aureus RN4220-Δhld and agrA deletion mutant RN4220-ΔagrA were generated via allelic replacement strategies. A hemolysis assay was performed with rabbit red blood cells. CCK-8 and lactate dehydrogenase release assays were used to determine the cytotoxicity of S. aureus MVs against RAW264.7 macrophages. The serum levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα in mice treated with S. aureus MVs were detected with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results Delta-hemolysin (Hld) was identified as a major loaded factor in S. aureus MVs. Further study showed that Hld could promote the production of staphylococcal MVs with smaller sizes. Loaded Hld affected the diversity of loaded proteins in MVs of S. aureus RN4220. Hld resulted in decreased protein diversity in MVs of S. aureus. Site-mutation (RN4220-Δhld) and agrA deletion (RN4220-ΔagrA) mutants produced MVs (ΔhldMVs and ΔagrAMVs) with a greater number of bacterial proteins than those derived from wild-type RN4220 (wtMVs). Moreover, Hld contributed to the hemolytic activity of wtMVs. Hld-loaded wtMVs were cytotoxic to macrophage RAW264.7 cells and could stimulate the production of inflammatory factor IL-6 in vivo. Conclusion This study presented that Hld was a major loaded factor in S. aureus MVs, and the loaded Hld played vital roles in the MV-property modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhuan Lv
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 971st Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, China
| | - Weilong Shang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaonan Huang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jizhen Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The 971st Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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