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Malagón T, Franco EL, Tejada R, Vaccarella S. Epidemiology of HPV-associated cancers past, present and future: towards prevention and elimination. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:522-538. [PMID: 38760499 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the first cancer deemed amenable to elimination through prevention, and thus lessons from the epidemiology and prevention of this cancer type can provide information on strategies to manage other cancers. Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) causes virtually all cervical cancers, and an important proportion of oropharyngeal, anal and genital cancers. Whereas 20th century prevention efforts were dominated by cytology-based screening, the present and future of HPV-associated cancer prevention relies mostly on HPV vaccination and molecular screening tests. In this Review, we provide an overview of the epidemiology of HPV-associated cancers, their disease burden, how past and contemporary preventive interventions have shaped their incidence and mortality, and the potential for elimination. We particularly focus on the cofactors that could have the greatest effect on prevention efforts, such as parity and human immunodeficiency virus infection, as well as on social determinants of health. Given that the incidence of and mortality from HPV-associated cancers remain strongly associated with the socioeconomic status of individuals and the human development index of countries, elimination efforts are unlikely to succeed unless prevention efforts focus on health equity, with a commitment to both primary and secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talía Malagón
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
- St Mary's Research Centre, Montréal West Island CIUSSS, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
- Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Romina Tejada
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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2
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Ahmadi M, Abdollahi R, Otogara M, Taherkhani A. Exploring molecular targets: herbal isolates in cervical cancer therapy. Genomics Inform 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38926832 DOI: 10.1186/s44342-024-00008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer (CxCa) stands as a significant global health challenge, ranking fourth in cancer-related mortality among the female population. While chemotherapy regimens have demonstrated incremental progress in extending overall survival, the outlook for recurrent CxCa patients remains disheartening. An imperative necessity arises to delve into innovative therapeutic avenues, with molecular targeted therapy emerging as a promising candidate. Previous investigations have shed light on the therapeutic effectiveness of five distinct herbal compounds, epicatechin, curcumin, myricetin, jatrorrhizine, and arborinine, within the context of CxCa. METHODS A systems biology approach was employed to discern differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CxCa tissues relative to healthy cervical epithelial tissues. A protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) was constructed, anchored in the genes related to CxCa. The central genes were discerned within the PPIN, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves explored their prognostic significance. An assessment of the binding affinity of the selected herbal compounds to the master regulator of prognostic markers in CxCa was conducted. RESULTS A significant correlation between the overexpression of MYC, IL6, JUN, RRM2, and VEGFA and an adverse prognosis in CxCa was indicated. The regulation of these markers is notably influenced by the transcription factor CEBPD. Molecular docking analysis indicated that the binding affinity between myricetin and the CEBPD DNA binding site was robust. CONCLUSION The findings presented herein have unveiled pivotal genes and pathways that play a central role in the malignant transformation of CxCa. CEBPD has emerged as a potential target for harnessing the therapeutic potential of myricetin in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ahmadi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Fatemiyeh Hospital, Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Razieh Abdollahi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Fatemiyeh Hospital, Department of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Otogara
- Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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3
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Lin M, Yang H, Li Q, Xiao H, Jiang S, Liang J, Cui X, Zhao S. Dual lateral flow assay based on PdRu nanocages for human Papillomavirus detection. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 673:893-900. [PMID: 38908288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies, with the vast majority of which being caused by persistent infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18. The current available HPV detection methods are sensitive and genotyped but are restricted by expensive instruments and skilled personnel. The development of an easy-to-use, rapid, and cost-friendly analysis method for HPV is of great need. Herein, hollow palladium-ruthenium nanocages modified with two oligonucleotides (PdRu capture probes) were constructed for genotyping and simultaneous detection of target nucleic acids HPV16 and HPV18 by dual lateral flow assay (DLFA). PdRu capture probes were endowed with bi-functions for the first time, which could be used to output signals and hybridize target nucleic acids. Under optimized conditions, the PdRu based-DLFA with detection limits of 0.93 nM and 0.19 nM, respectively, exhibited convenient operation, and high sensitivity. Meanwhile, the DLFA achieved excellent rapid detection within 20 min, which was attributed to capture probes that can be directly bound to amplification-free target nucleic acids. Therefore, the development of PdRu-based DLFA can be utilized for rapid, sensitive, and simultaneous genotyping detection of HPV16 and HPV18, showing great application for nucleic acid detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Huiyi Yang
- Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Infectious Diseases, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qinglan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Huanxin Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shilin Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jinhui Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiping Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Suqing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Xu D, Wang W, Wang D, Ding J, Zhou Y, Zhang W. Long noncoding RNA MALAT-1: A versatile regulator in cancer progression, metastasis, immunity, and therapeutic resistance. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:388-406. [PMID: 38511067 PMCID: PMC10950606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins but have been linked to cancer development and metastasis. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT-1) influences crucial cancer hallmarks through intricate molecular mechanisms, including proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The current article highlights the involvement of MALAT-1 in drug resistance, making it a potential target to overcome chemotherapy refractoriness. It discusses the impact of MALAT-1 on immunomodulatory molecules, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins and PD-L1, leading to immune evasion and hindering anti-tumor immune responses. MALAT-1 also plays a significant role in cancer immunology by regulating diverse immune cell populations. In summary, MALAT-1 is a versatile cancer regulator, influencing tumorigenesis, chemoresistance, and immunotherapy responses. Understanding its precise molecular mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies, and therapeutic strategies targeting MALAT-1 show promise for improving cancer treatment outcomes. However, further research is needed to fully uncover the role of MALAT-1 in cancer biology and translate these findings into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Wenhai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Electrodiagnosis, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yunan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Province FAW General Hospital, Changchun, 130000, China
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Tsige AW, Beyene DA. Cervical cancer: Challenges and prevention strategies: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2149. [PMID: 38826620 PMCID: PMC11139676 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections that continue to exist are the main cause of cervical cancer (CC), two-thirds of CC occurrences worldwide are caused by HPV 16 and HPV 18, and 99.7% of CC tumors are linked to oncogenic HPV infection. To identify challenges of CC and its prevention and treatment modalities. Methods This review examined the epidemiology, predisposing factors, genetic factors, clinical assessment methods, current treatment options, and prevention approaches for CC. We had perform a narrative data synthesis rather than a pooled analysis. A thorough literature search in pertinent databases related to CC was done with the inclusion of data that were published in the English language. Results Early detection of CC is of utmost importance to detect precancerous lesions at an early stage. Therefore, all responsible agencies concerned with health should make all women aware of the benefits of CC screening and educate the general public. HPV vaccination coverage is very low in resource-limited settings. Conclusion To achieve the goal of eliminating CC as a public health problem in 2030, the World Health Organization will pay special attention to increasing HPV vaccination coverage throughout the world. To further improve HPV vaccine acceptability among parents and their children, safety-related aspects of the HPV vaccine should be further investigated through post-marketing surveillance and multicentre randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abate Wondesen Tsige
- Department of Pharmacy, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science CampusDebre Berhan UniversityDebre BerhanEthiopia
| | - Dessale Abate Beyene
- Department of Pharmacy, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science CampusDebre Berhan UniversityDebre BerhanEthiopia
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Balan L, Cimpean AM, Nandarge PS, Sorop B, Balan C, Balica MA, Bratosin F, Brasoveanu S, Boruga M, Pirtea L. Clinical Outcomes and Molecular Predictors of Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) as a PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in Advanced and Metastatic Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1109. [PMID: 38791070 PMCID: PMC11117617 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review evaluates the clinical outcomes and molecular predictors of response to pembrolizumab in patients with advanced and metastatic cervical cancer. We adhered to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, conducting a database search in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. The eligibility criteria centered on clinical outcomes, including the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and immune-related biomarkers post-pembrolizumab therapy. We included both prospective and retrospective studies that detailed clinical outcomes and molecular characteristics predictive of therapeutic response. Our search yielded six studies involving 846 patients treated with pembrolizumab from 2017 to 2022. The meta-analysis of these studies showed that pembrolizumab, used as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, extended the OS by a weighted median of 10.35 months and the PFS by 8.50 months. The treatment demonstrated a pooled objective response rate (ORR) of 22.39%, although the I2 test result of 67.49% showed a high heterogeneity among the studies. Notably, patients with high PD-L1 expression (CPS ≥ 10) experienced improved outcomes in terms of the PFS and OS. The most common complications were fatigue, diarrhea, and immune-related adverse events. Pembrolizumab significantly enhances clinical outcomes in metastatic cervical cancer, particularly among patients with high PD-L1 expression. The drug maintains a good safety profile, reinforcing its treatment potential for patients with advanced and metastatic cervical cancer. Future studies should explore long-term effects and strategies to integrate pembrolizumab optimally into current treatment regimens, aiming to maximize patient benefits and effectively manage side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Balan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.B.); (B.S.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
- Doctoral School, Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.B.); (M.A.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Center of Expertise for Rare Vascular Disease in Children, Louis Turcanu Children Hospital, 300011 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Prashant Sunil Nandarge
- Department of General Medicine, D.Y. Patil Medical College Kolhapur, Kolhapur 416005, India;
| | - Bogdan Sorop
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.B.); (B.S.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Catalin Balan
- Doctoral School, Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.B.); (M.A.B.); (F.B.)
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Madalina Alexandra Balica
- Doctoral School, Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.B.); (M.A.B.); (F.B.)
- Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Felix Bratosin
- Doctoral School, Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.B.); (M.A.B.); (F.B.)
- Department of Infectious Disease, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona Brasoveanu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.B.); (B.S.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
- Doctoral School, Department of General Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.B.); (M.A.B.); (F.B.)
| | - Madalina Boruga
- Department of Toxicology, Drug Industry, Management and Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laurentiu Pirtea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (L.B.); (B.S.); (S.B.); (L.P.)
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Falcaro M, Soldan K, Ndlela B, Sasieni P. Effect of the HPV vaccination programme on incidence of cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by socioeconomic deprivation in England: population based observational study. BMJ 2024; 385:e077341. [PMID: 38749552 PMCID: PMC11094700 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-077341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To replicate previous analyses on the effectiveness of the English human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme on incidence of cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) using 12 additional months of follow-up, and to investigate effectiveness across levels of socioeconomic deprivation. DESIGN Observational study. SETTING England, UK. PARTICIPANTS Women aged 20-64 years resident in England between January 2006 and June 2020 including 29 968 with a diagnosis of cervical cancer and 335 228 with a diagnosis of CIN3. In England, HPV vaccination was introduced nationally in 2008 and was offered routinely to girls aged 12-13 years, with catch-up campaigns during 2008-10 targeting older teenagers aged <19 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of invasive cervical cancer and CIN3. RESULTS In England, 29 968 women aged 20-64 years received a diagnosis of cervical cancer and 335 228 a diagnosis of CIN3 between 1 January 2006 and 30 June 2020. In the birth cohort of women offered vaccination routinely at age 12-13 years, adjusted age standardised incidence rates of cervical cancer and CIN3 in the additional 12 months of follow-up (1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020) were, respectively, 83.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 63.8% to 92.8%) and 94.3% (92.6% to 95.7%) lower than in the reference cohort of women who were never offered HPV vaccination. By mid-2020, HPV vaccination had prevented an estimated 687 (95% CI 556 to 819) cervical cancers and 23 192 (22 163 to 24 220) CIN3s. The highest rates remained among women living in the most deprived areas, but the HPV vaccination programme had a large effect in all five levels of deprivation. In women offered catch-up vaccination, CIN3 rates decreased more in those from the least deprived areas than from the most deprived areas (reductions of 40.6% v 29.6% and 72.8% v 67.7% for women offered vaccination at age 16-18 and 14-16, respectively). The strong downward gradient in cervical cancer incidence from high to low deprivation in the reference unvaccinated group was no longer present among those offered the vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The high effectiveness of the national HPV vaccination programme previously seen in England continued during the additional 12 months of follow-up. HPV vaccination was associated with a substantially reduced incidence of cervical cancer and CIN3 across all five deprivation groups, especially in women offered routine vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Falcaro
- Centre for Cancer Screening, Prevention and Early Diagnosis, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kate Soldan
- Blood Safety, Hepatitis, Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Division, UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), London, UK
| | - Busani Ndlela
- National Disease Registration Service (NDRS), NHS England, London, UK
| | - Peter Sasieni
- Centre for Cancer Screening, Prevention and Early Diagnosis, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Zeber-Lubecka N, Kulecka M, Dabrowska M, Baginska-Drabiuk K, Glowienka-Stodolak M, Nowakowski A, Slabuszewska-Jozwiak A, Bednorz B, Jędrzejewska I, Piasecka M, Pawelec J, Wojciechowska-Lampka E, Ostrowski J. Cervical microbiota dysbiosis associated with high-risk Human Papillomavirus infection. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302270. [PMID: 38669258 PMCID: PMC11051640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes, specifically HPV16 and HPV18, pose a significant risk for the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. In the multifaceted cervical microenvironment, consisting of immune cells and diverse microbiota, Lactobacillus emerges as a pivotal factor, wielding significant influence in both stabilizing and disrupting the microbiome of the reproductive tract. To analyze the distinction between the cervical microbiota and Lactobacillus-dominant/non-dominant status of HR-HPV and non-infected healthy women, sixty-nine cervical swab samples were analyzed, included 44 with HR-HPV infection and healthy controls. All samples were recruited from Human Papillomavirus-based cervical cancer screening program and subjected to 16s rRNA sequencing analysis. Alpha and beta diversity analyses reveal no significant differences in the cervical microbiota of HR-HPV-infected women, including 16 and 18 HPV genotypes, and those with squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), compared to a control group. In this study we identified significantly lower abundance of Lactobacillus mucosae in women with HR-HPV infection compared to the control group. Furthermore, changes in bacterial diversity were noted in Lactobacillus non-dominant (LND) samples compared to Lactobacillus-dominant (LD) in both HR-HPV-infected and control groups. LND samples in HR-HPV-infected women exhibited a cervical dysbiotic state, characterized by Lactobacillus deficiency. In turn, the LD HR-HPV group showed an overrepresentation of Lactobacillus helveticus. In summary, our study highlighted the distinctive roles of L. mucosae and L. helveticus in HR-HPV infections, signaling a need for further research to demonstrate potential clinical implications of cervical microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Kulecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michalina Dabrowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Maria Glowienka-Stodolak
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Nowakowski
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Bożena Bednorz
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Jędrzejewska
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Piasecka
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Pawelec
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
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Petre I, Vernic C, Petre I, Vlad CS, Sipos SI, Bordianu A, Luciana M, Dragomir RD, Fizedean CM, Daliborca CV. Systematic Review on the Effectiveness and Outcomes of Nivolumab Treatment Schemes in Advanced and Metastatic Cervical Cancer. Diseases 2024; 12:77. [PMID: 38667535 PMCID: PMC11049060 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced and metastatic cervical cancer remains a formidable challenge in oncology, with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab emerging as a potential therapeutic option. This systematic review rigorously assesses the effectiveness and outcomes of various nivolumab treatment regimens within this patient cohort, drawing from clinical trials and real-world evidence up to December 2023. Following a comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, four studies were deemed eligible, involving a collective total of 80 patients. One preliminary trial data were excluded from the final analysis, as well as four other proceedings and abstracts on the efficacy and safety of nivolumab on advanced cervical cancer. The patients' average age across these studies was 48 years, with an average of 38% having an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 1. Notably, 64% of all patients were positive for high-risk HPV, and 71% exhibited PD-L1 positivity, indicating a substantial target population for nivolumab. The analysis revealed a pooled objective response rate (ORR) of 48%, with a disease control rate (DCR) averaging 71%. Moreover, progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months was observed at an average rate of 50%, reflecting the significant potential of nivolumab in managing advanced stages of the disease. The review highlights the influence of PD-L1 status on response rates and underscores the enhanced outcomes associated with combination therapy approaches. By delineating the variability in treatment efficacy and pinpointing key factors affecting therapeutic response and survival, this systematic review calls for further investigations to refine nivolumab's clinical application, aiming to improve patient outcomes in advanced and metastatic cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Petre
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of Functional Sciences, Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Discipline, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Corina Vernic
- Department of Functional Sciences, Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Discipline, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Izabella Petre
- Department XII of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristian Sebastian Vlad
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.V.); (S.I.S.); (C.V.D.)
| | - Simona Ioana Sipos
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.V.); (S.I.S.); (C.V.D.)
| | - Anca Bordianu
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Microsurgery Bagdasar-Arseni, Emergency Hospital Bucharest, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marc Luciana
- Department VII of Internal Medicine II, Division of Nephrology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Radu Dumitru Dragomir
- Department of Oncology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Camelia Melania Fizedean
- Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Vlad Daliborca
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.S.V.); (S.I.S.); (C.V.D.)
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Aguilar-Martínez SY, Campos-Viguri GE, Medina-García SE, García-Flores RJ, Deas J, Gómez-Cerón C, Pedroza-Torres A, Bautista-Rodríguez E, Fernández-Tilapa G, Rodríguez-Dorantes M, Pérez-Plasencia C, Peralta-Zaragoza O. MiR-21 Regulates Growth and Migration of Cervical Cancer Cells by RECK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4086. [PMID: 38612895 PMCID: PMC11012906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Expression of miR-21 has been found to be altered in almost all types of cancers, and it has been classified as an oncogenic microRNA. In addition, the expression of tumor suppressor gene RECK is associated with miR-21 overexpression in high-grade cervical lesions. In the present study, we analyze the role of miR-21 in RECK gene regulation in cervical cancer cells. To identify the downstream cellular target genes of upstream miR-21, we silenced endogenous miR-21 expression using siRNAs. We analyzed the expression of miR-21 and RECK, as well as functional effects on cell proliferation and migration. We found that in cervical cancer cells, there was an inverse correlation between miR-21 expression and RECK mRNA and protein expression. SiRNAs to miR-21 increased luciferase reporter activity in construct plasmids containing the RECK-3'-UTR microRNA response elements MRE21-1, MRE21-2, and MRE21-3. The role of miR-21 in cell proliferation was also analyzed, and cancer cells transfected with siRNAs exhibited a markedly reduced cell proliferation and migration. Our findings indicate that miR-21 post-transcriptionally down-regulates the expression of RECK to promote cell proliferation and cell migration inhibition in cervical cancer cell survival. Therefore, miR-21 and RECK may be potential therapeutic targets in gene therapy for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seidy Y. Aguilar-Martínez
- Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (S.Y.A.-M.); (G.E.C.-V.); (S.E.M.-G.); (R.J.G.-F.); (J.D.)
| | - Gabriela E. Campos-Viguri
- Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (S.Y.A.-M.); (G.E.C.-V.); (S.E.M.-G.); (R.J.G.-F.); (J.D.)
| | - Selma E. Medina-García
- Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (S.Y.A.-M.); (G.E.C.-V.); (S.E.M.-G.); (R.J.G.-F.); (J.D.)
| | - Ricardo J. García-Flores
- Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (S.Y.A.-M.); (G.E.C.-V.); (S.E.M.-G.); (R.J.G.-F.); (J.D.)
| | - Jessica Deas
- Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (S.Y.A.-M.); (G.E.C.-V.); (S.E.M.-G.); (R.J.G.-F.); (J.D.)
| | - Claudia Gómez-Cerón
- Department of Epidemiology of Cancer, Research Center Population Health, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico;
| | - Abraham Pedroza-Torres
- Programa Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías, México City 14080, Mexico;
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México City 14080, Mexico
| | | | - Gloria Fernández-Tilapa
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemical Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo 39070, Mexico;
| | | | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Oncogenomics Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México City 14080, Mexico;
- Biomedicine Unit, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico
| | - Oscar Peralta-Zaragoza
- Direction of Chronic Infections and Cancer, Research Center in Infection Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (S.Y.A.-M.); (G.E.C.-V.); (S.E.M.-G.); (R.J.G.-F.); (J.D.)
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Anjam Majoumerd A, Hosseini S, Hosseini SMH, Roshandel G, Rahmanian V, Hazar N. Epidemiology of cervical cancer in Iran in 2016: A nationwide study of incidence and regional variation. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1973. [PMID: 38214217 PMCID: PMC10849997 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a common, and fatal cancer in women worldwide. This cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women after breast, colorectal, and lung cancer. AIMS This study aims to investigate the age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) and the geographical distribution of Cervical Cancer in Iran. METHODS This study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional investigation. The study sample comprised all individuals registered as cervical cancer patients in the National Cancer Registry system in 2016. The crude rate and ASR for each province were computed independently. Furthermore, we employed ArcMap10.5 software and geographic information system to conduct an analysis of the gathered data. In order to ascertain the spatial distribution and clustering of cervical cancer incidence, we utilized Moran's I, which measures spatial autocorrelation. RESULTS We studied a total of 808 cases of cervical cancer with a median age to be 52.19 years (IQR≈1.35). Among these cases, 685 (84.7%) were diagnosed based on the pathological reports with morphological verification, while 81 patients (10.1%) were clinically identified, and 42 cases (5.2%) were diagnosed using the death certificate-only method. Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 61% of all cases (n = 497). The ASR of cervical cancer in Iran was 1.90 per 100 000 populations. The provincial ASR ranged from 0.29 to 5.03 per 100 000, with the highest rates observed in Golestan (5.03), East Azerbaijan (4.07), and Ilam (3.72). We found no clustering patterns in the distribution of provincial crude, age-specific, and age-standardized incidence rates (p > .05). CONCLUSION The incidence of cervical cancer in Iran was lower than the global average, and we did not identify any significant disparities in the incidence rates among the provinces. Although there were differences in incidence rates among the areas, these were not clustered. It is crucial to remember that cervical cancer is still a major public health issue in Iran, and in order to lessen the disease's burden, national initiatives to enhance screening, early identification, and access to efficient treatment should continue to be top priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Hosseini
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Vahid Rahmanian
- Department of Public HealthTorbat Jam Faculty of Medical SciencesTorbat JamIran
| | - Narjes Hazar
- Diabetes Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
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12
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Głowienka-Stodolak M, Bagińska-Drabiuk K, Szubert S, Hennig EE, Horala A, Dąbrowska M, Micek M, Ciebiera M, Zeber-Lubecka N. Human Papillomavirus Infections and the Role Played by Cervical and Cervico-Vaginal Microbiota-Evidence from Next-Generation Sequencing Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:399. [PMID: 38254888 PMCID: PMC10814012 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review encompasses studies examining changes in the cervical and cervico-vaginal microbiota (CM and CVM) in relation to human papillomavirus (HPV) using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. HPV infection remains a prominent global health concern, with a spectrum of manifestations, from benign lesions to life-threatening cervical cancers. The CM and CVM, a unique collection of microorganisms inhabiting the cervix/vagina, has emerged as a critical player in cervical health. Recent research has indicated that disruptions in the CM and CVM, characterized by a decrease in Lactobacillus and the overgrowth of other bacteria, might increase the risk of HPV persistence and the progression of cervical abnormalities. This alteration in the CM or CVM has been linked to a higher likelihood of HPV infection and cervical dysplasia. NGS technology has revolutionized the study of the cervical microbiome, providing insights into microbial diversity, dynamics, and taxonomic classifications. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, has proven invaluable in characterizing the cervical microbiome, shedding light on its role in HPV infections and paving the way for more tailored strategies to combat cervical diseases. NGS-based studies offer personalized insights into an individual's cervical microbiome. This knowledge holds promise for the development of novel diagnostic tools, targeted therapies, and preventive interventions for cervix-related conditions, including cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Głowienka-Stodolak
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
| | - Katarzyna Bagińska-Drabiuk
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
| | - Sebastian Szubert
- Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Ewa E. Hennig
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Horala
- Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (S.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Michalina Dąbrowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
| | - Martyna Micek
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.C.)
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.C.)
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Zeber-Lubecka
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.-S.); (K.B.-D.); (E.E.H.); (M.D.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Khalili SM, Rafiei EH, Havaei M, Alizadeh L, Ghahremani F, Keshavarz Z, Montazeri A, Riazi H. Relationship between human papillomavirus and serum vitamin D levels: a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:80. [PMID: 38216875 PMCID: PMC10787408 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. The present review was conducted to accumulate evidence on the relationship between cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection and serum vitamin D status. METHODS Electronic databases including Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed were searched by different combinations of keywords related to "human papillomavirus" and "vitamin D", obtained from Mesh and Emtree with AND, and OR operators without any time restriction until December 24, 2022. Selection of articles was based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was applied for reporting. RESULTS In total, 276 citations were retrieved. After removing duplicates, and non-related articles, the full texts of 7 articles were reviewed including 11168 participants. Three studies reported that there was a positive relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cervicovaginal human papillomavirus while three studies did not. One study showed a significant positive association between higher vitamin D stores and short-term high-risk human papillomavirus persistence. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed no firm evidence for any association between serum vitamin D level and cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection, although the possible association could not be discarded. Further investigations are needed to reach sound evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Maryam Khalili
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Haji Rafiei
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Havaei
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Alizadeh
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshte Ghahremani
- Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Keshavarz
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- Population Health Research Group, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Humanity Sciences, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedyeh Riazi
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Chen HM, Liu JX, Liu D, Hao GF, Yang GF. Human-virus protein-protein interactions maps assist in revealing the pathogenesis of viral infection. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2517. [PMID: 38282401 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Many significant viral infections have been recorded in human history, which have caused enormous negative impacts worldwide. Human-virus protein-protein interactions (PPIs) mediate viral infection and immune processes in the host. The identification, quantification, localization, and construction of human-virus PPIs maps are critical prerequisites for understanding the biophysical basis of the viral invasion process and characterising the framework for all protein functions. With the technological revolution and the introduction of artificial intelligence, the human-virus PPIs maps have been expanded rapidly in the past decade and shed light on solving complicated biomedical problems. However, there is still a lack of prospective insight into the field. In this work, we comprehensively review and compare the effectiveness, potential, and limitations of diverse approaches for constructing large-scale PPIs maps in human-virus, including experimental methods based on biophysics and biochemistry, databases of human-virus PPIs, computational methods based on artificial intelligence, and tools for visualising PPIs maps. The work aims to provide a toolbox for researchers, hoping to better assist in deciphering the relationship between humans and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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15
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Linares CA, Varghese A, Ghose A, Shinde SD, Adeleke S, Sanchez E, Sheriff M, Chargari C, Rassy E, Boussios S. Hallmarks of the Tumour Microenvironment of Gliomas and Its Interaction with Emerging Immunotherapy Modalities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13215. [PMID: 37686020 PMCID: PMC10487469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are aggressive, primary central nervous system tumours arising from glial cells. Glioblastomas are the most malignant. They are known for their poor prognosis or median overall survival. The current standard of care is overwhelmed by the heterogeneous, immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment promoting immune evasion and tumour proliferation. The advent of immunotherapy with its various modalities-immune checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, oncolytic viruses and chimeric antigen receptor T cells and NK cells-has shown promise. Clinical trials incorporating combination immunotherapies have overcome the microenvironment resistance and yielded promising survival and prognostic benefits. Rolling these new therapies out in the real-world scenario in a low-cost, high-throughput manner is the unmet need of the hour. These will have practice-changing implications to the glioma treatment landscape. Here, we review the immunobiological hallmarks of the TME of gliomas, how the TME evades immunotherapies and the work that is being conducted to overcome this interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A. Linares
- Guy’s Cancer Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (C.A.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Anjana Varghese
- Kent Oncology Centre, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Hermitage Lane, Maidstone, Kent ME16 9QQ, UK;
| | - Aruni Ghose
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
- Barts Cancer Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, UK
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Northwood HA6 2RN, UK
- Immuno-Oncology Clinical Network, UK
| | - Sayali D. Shinde
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK;
| | - Sola Adeleke
- Guy’s Cancer Centre, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK; (C.A.L.); (S.A.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Elisabet Sanchez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Matin Sheriff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Cyrus Chargari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Elie Rassy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France;
| | - Stergios Boussios
- Department of Medical Oncology, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK; (A.G.); (E.S.); (M.S.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7LX, UK
- AELIA Organization, 9th Km Thessaloniki–Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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16
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Qin M, Zhang C, Li Y. Circular RNAs in gynecologic cancers: mechanisms and implications for chemotherapy resistance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1194719. [PMID: 37361215 PMCID: PMC10285541 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1194719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance remains a major challenge in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies. Increasing evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a significant role in conferring chemoresistance in these cancers. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance in gynecologic malignancies. We also discuss the potential clinical implications of these findings and highlight areas for future research. CircRNAs are a novel class of RNA molecules that are characterized by their unique circular structure, which confers increased stability and resistance to degradation by exonucleases. Recent studies have shown that circRNAs can act as miRNA sponges, sequestering miRNAs and preventing them from binding to their target mRNAs. This can lead to upregulation of genes involved in drug resistance pathways, ultimately resulting in decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy. We discuss several specific examples of circRNAs that have been implicated in chemoresistance in gynecologic cancers, including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. We also highlight the potential clinical applications of circRNA-based biomarkers for predicting chemotherapy response and guiding treatment decisions. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the role of circRNAs in chemotherapy resistance in gynecologic malignancies. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate drug sensitivity, this work has important implications for improving patient outcomes and developing more effective therapeutic strategies for these challenging cancers.
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Chu D, Liu T, Yao Y. Implications of viral infections and oncogenesis in uterine cervical carcinoma etiology and pathogenesis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1194431. [PMID: 37293236 PMCID: PMC10244558 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1194431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Uterine Cervical Carcinoma (UCC) is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy globally, with a rising incidence in recent years. Accumulating evidence indicates that specific viral infections, including human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV), and human herpesvirus (HHV), may contribute to UCC development and progression. Understanding the complex interplay between viral infections and UCC risk is crucial for developing novel preventative and therapeutic interventions. Methods This comprehensive review investigates the association between viral infections and UCC risk by examining the roles of various viral pathogens in UCC etiology and pathogenesis, and possible molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we evaluate current diagnostic methods and potential therapeutic strategies targeting viral infections for UCC prevention or treatment. Results The prevention of UCC has been significantly advanced by the emergence of self-sampling for HPV testing as a crucial tool, allowing for early detection and intervention. However, an essential challenge in UCC prevention lies in understanding how HPV and other viral coinfections, including EBV, HBV, HCV, HHV, HIV, or their concurrent presence, may potentially contribute to UCC development. The molecular mechanisms implicated in the association between viral infections and cervical cancer development include: (1) interference of viral oncogenes with cellular regulatory proteins, resulting in uncontrolled cell proliferation and malignant transformation; (2) inactivation of tumor suppressor genes by viral proteins; (3) evasion of host immune responses by viruses; (4) induction of a persistent inflammatory response, contributing to a tumor-promoting microenvironment; (5) epigenetic modifications that lead to aberrant gene expression; (6) stimulation of angiogenesis by viruses; and (7) activation of telomerase by viral proteins, leading to cellular immortalization. Additionally, viral coinfections can also enhance oncogenic potential through synergistic interactions between viral oncoproteins, employ immune evasion strategies, contribute to chronic inflammation, modulate host cellular signaling pathways, and induce epigenetic alterations, ultimately leading to cervical carcinogenesis. Conclusion Recognizing the implications of viral oncogenes in UCC etiology and pathogenesis is vital for addressing the escalating burden of UCC. Developing innovative preventative and therapeutic interventions requires a thorough understanding of the intricate relationship between viral infections and UCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daming Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tengteng Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
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18
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Nicolò S, Antonelli A, Tanturli M, Baccani I, Bonaiuto C, Castronovo G, Rossolini GM, Mattiuz G, Torcia MG. Bacterial Species from Vaginal Microbiota Differently Affect the Production of the E6 and E7 Oncoproteins and of p53 and p-Rb Oncosuppressors in HPV16-Infected Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087173. [PMID: 37108333 PMCID: PMC10138431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaginal dysbiosis is characterized by a decrease in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus species in favor of other species. This condition facilitates infections by sexually transmitted pathogens including high risk (HR)-human papilloma viruses (HPVs) involved in the development of cervical cancer. Some vaginal dysbiosis bacteria contribute to the neoplastic progression by inducing chronic inflammation and directly activating molecular pathways involved in carcinogenesis. In this study, SiHa cells, an HPV-16-transformed epithelial cell line, were exposed to different representative vaginal microbial communities. The expression of the HPV oncogenes E6 and E7 and the production of relative oncoproteins was evaluated. The results showed that Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus gasseri modulated the basal expression of the E6 and E7 genes of SiHa cells and the production of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins. Vaginal dysbiosis bacteria had contrasting effects on E6/E7 gene expression and protein production. The expression of the E6 and E7 genes and the production of the relative oncoproteins was increased by strains of Gardnerella vaginalis and, to a lesser extent, by Megasphaera micronuciformis. In contrast, Prevotella bivia decreased the expression of oncogenes and the production of the E7 protein. A decreased amount of p53 and pRb was found in the cultures of SiHa cells with M. micronuciformis, and accordingly, in the same cultures, a higher percentage of cells progressed to the S-phase of the cell cycle compared to the untreated or Lactobacillus-stimulated cultures. These data confirm that L. crispatus represents the most protective component of the vaginal microbiota against neoplastic progression of HR-HPV infected cells, while M. micronuciformis and, to a lesser extent, G. vaginalis may directly interfere in the oncogenic process, inducing or maintaining the production of viral oncoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Nicolò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Antonelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Michele Tanturli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Baccani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonaiuto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castronovo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - G Mattiuz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - M G Torcia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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