1
|
Sivaranjani M, Sanderson H, Nnajide CR, Martens-Koop A, Blondeau JM, Stryker R, White AP. Microbiological analysis of tunneled hemodialysis catheters isolated from patients receiving hemodialysis in Saskatchewan. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:1129-1144. [PMID: 39149853 DOI: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2359879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the microbial communities inside hemodialysis catheters from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients to determine their differences.Materials & methods: Catheters (n = 41) were removed from patients in the Saskatchewan Health Authority over an 18-month period. The catheter section inside the body was flushed and the contents were evaluated using culture-dependent and culture-independent analysis.Results: All catheters were colonized by bacteria, with considerable overlap between groups based on microbial communities and the individual species detected. More Gram-negative species were detected by sequencing, whereas predominantly Gram-positive strains were cultured. Antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation was widespread and not correlated with either catheter group.Conclusion: Common pathogens were detected in each set of catheters, therefore predicting infections based on the microbiology is difficult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haley Sanderson
- Biological Informatics Center of Excellence, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Chinenye R Nnajide
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Anna Martens-Koop
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Joseph M Blondeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Royal University Hospital & Saskatchewan Health Authority (SHA), Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Pathology & Ophthalmology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Rodrick Stryker
- Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Aaron P White
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martín V, de la Haba RR, López-Cornejo P, López-López M, Antonio Lebrón J, Bernal E, Baeza N, Ruiz S, José Ostos F, Merino-Bohorquez V, Chevalier S, Lesouhaitier O, Tahrioui A, José Montes F, Sánchez-Carrasco T, Luisa Moyá M. Synergistic antifungal activity against Candida albicans between voriconazole and cyclosporine a loaded in polymeric nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2024:124593. [PMID: 39168289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The goal of this work is to investigate if the synergistic antifungal activity between cyclosporine A, CsA, and voriconazole, VRZ, increases when both drugs are encapsulated in a nanocarrier as compared when they are free. The preparation and characterization of blank and VRZ and CsA loaded polymeric based PLGA nanoparticles (PLGA, PLGA-PEG, and PLGA+PEG) was a necessary previous step. Using the more suitable NPs, those of PLGA, the antifungal susceptibility tests performed with VRZ-loaded PLGA NPs, show no significant increase of the antifungal activity in comparison to that of free VRZ. However, the synergistic behavior found for the (VRZ+CsA)-loaded PLGA NPs was fourfold stronger than that observed for the two free drugs together. On the other hand, the investigation into the suppression of C. albicans biofilm formation showed that blank PLGA NPs inhibit the biofilm formation at high NPs concentrations. However, a minor effect or even a slight biofilm increase formation was observed at low and moderate NPs concentrations. Therefore, the enhancement of the biofilm inhibition found for the three tested treatments (CsA alone, VRZ alone, and VRZ+CsA) when comparing free and encapsulated drugs, within the therapeutic window, can be attributed to the drug encapsulation approach. Indeed, polymeric PLGA NPs loaded with CsA, VRZ, or VRZ+CsA are more effective at inhibiting the C. albicans biofilm growth than their free counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Martín
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Rafael R de la Haba
- Departament of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 2, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Manuel López-López
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, Avda. de las Fuerzas Armadas s/n, Huelva 21071, Spain
| | - José Antonio Lebrón
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Eva Bernal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Natalia Baeza
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Sara Ruiz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Francisco José Ostos
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Vicente Merino-Bohorquez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 2, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Sylvie Chevalier
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, CBSA UR4312, Rouen F-76000, France
| | - Olivier Lesouhaitier
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, CBSA UR4312, Rouen F-76000, France
| | - Ali Tahrioui
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université Caen Normandie, Normandie Univ, CBSA UR4312, Rouen F-76000, France
| | - Francisco José Montes
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Teresa Sánchez-Carrasco
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - María Luisa Moyá
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 1, Seville 41012, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chukamnerd A, Saipetch N, Singkhamanan K, Ingviya N, Assanangkornchai N, Surachat K, Chusri S. Association of biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance, clinical characteristics, and clinical outcomes among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2024; 18:e13732. [PMID: 38286744 PMCID: PMC10784708 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor of Acinetobacter baumannii. Here, we examined the biofilm formation of archived A. baumannii causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). METHODS Eighteen and twenty isolates of A. baumannii causing bacteremic pneumonia and non-bacteremic pneumonia were included, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution method, while biofilm formation was evaluated by microtiter dish biofilm formation assay. RESULTS All 38 isolates were still susceptible to colistin and tigecycline, whereas almost all isolates were non-susceptible (intermediate to resistant) to several antimicrobial agents, especially ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Approximately, 44% of bacteremic isolates and 50% of non-bacteremic isolates were classified as carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB). Biofilm formation was detected in 42% of the studied isolates. Bacteremia among the patients infected with biofilm-producing isolates was significantly higher than in those infected with non-biofilm-producing isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of A. baumannii with biofilm formation were lower than those without biofilm formation, but the differences did not have statistical significance. The patients infected with non-biofilm-producing isolates had good clinical and non-clinical outcomes than those infected with biofilm-producing isolates. The survival rate of patients diagnosed with VAP due to biofilm-producing A. baumannii was lower than in those patients diagnosed with VAP due to non-biofilm-producing isolates. CONCLUSION Biofilm formation of A. baumannii causing VAP was associated with antimicrobial resistance and bacteremia as well as unfavorable clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Chukamnerd
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
| | - Niwat Saipetch
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
| | - Kamonnut Singkhamanan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
| | - Natnicha Ingviya
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
| | - Nawaporn Assanangkornchai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
| | - Komwit Surachat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
| | - Sarunyou Chusri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicinePrince of Songkla UniversityHat YaiThailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Devrim İ, Celebi MY, Karakaya N, Sahinkaya S, Acar SO, Cem E, Demirağ B, Oruc Y, Kara AA, Oymak Y, Karapınar TH, Bayram N. The evaluation of Candida-related central line-related bloodstream infections in pediatric cancer patients: A pre- and post-intervention study. J Infect Prev 2023; 24:219-222. [PMID: 37736125 PMCID: PMC10510660 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231191334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim/Objections The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a central line maintenance bundle in preventing catheter-related (implanted venous access devices, port) Candida bloodstream infections. Methods The study encompassed two distinct time periods, namely, pre-bundle and bundle. The number of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) episodes per catheter days for each timeframe was determined. Findings/Results Upon implementation of the central line bundle, the rate of CRBSI reduced significantly from 4.27 per 1000 central line days in the pre-bundle period to 1.0 per 1000 central line days in the bundle period (p < .001). Discussion Using a central line bundle to avoid CRBSIs in pediatric cancer patients with ports led to a significant decrease in Candida species-related CRBSIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- İlker Devrim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Miray Yılmaz Celebi
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nurgul Karakaya
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sahika Sahinkaya
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sultan Okur Acar
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ela Cem
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bengü Demirağ
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Oruc
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aybuke Akaslan Kara
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yesim Oymak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tuba Hilkay Karapınar
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nuri Bayram
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Dr Behcet Uz Child Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar D, Kumar A. Cellular Attributes of Candida albicans Biofilm-Associated in Resistance Against Multidrug and Host Immune System. Microb Drug Resist 2023; 29:423-437. [PMID: 37428599 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the ubiquitous hospital-acquired infections is associated with Candida albicans fungus. Usually, this commensal fungus causes no harm to its human host, as it lives mutually with mucosal/epithelial tissue surface cells. Nevertheless, due to the activity of various immune weakening factors, this commensal starts reinforcing its virulence attributes with filamentation/hyphal growth and building an absolute microcolony composed of yeast, hyphal, and pseudohyphal cells, which is suspended in an extracellular gel-like polymeric substance (EPS) called biofilms. This polymeric substance is the mixture of the secreted compounds from C. albicans as well as several host cell proteins. Indeed, the presence of these host factors makes their identification and differentiation process difficult by host immune components. The gel-like texture of the EPS makes it sticky, which adsorbs most of the extracolonial compounds traversing through it that aid in penetration hindrance. All these factors further contribute to the multidrug resistance phenotype of C. albicans biofilm that is spotlighted in this article. The mechanisms it employs to escape the host immune system are also addressed effectively. The article focuses on cellular and molecular determinants involved in the resistance of C. albicans biofilm against multidrug and the host immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Miranda ACV, Leães GF, Copetti MV. FUNGAL BIOFILMS: INSIGHTS FOR THE FOOD INDUSTRY. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
7
|
Corzo-León DE, Mark C, MacCallum DM, Munro CA. A Human Ex Vivo Skin Model to Study Candida auris Biofilms. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2517:259-267. [PMID: 35674961 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2417-3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Candida auris can persist for long periods on hospital surfaces and on the skin. C. auris has the ability to form drug-resistant biofilms, which can substantially impact on patient outcome. In comparison to Candida albicans, C. auris has a lower capacity to form biofilms in in vitro models and a higher capacity when tested on animal skin models. Intraspecies variation is shown to exist, with some clinical isolates having greater biofilm capabilities than others. There is a need for models that closely mimic the real niches where infection occurs on human patients. This protocol describes, in detail, a human skin model to study C. auris biofilm formation using catheterized and non-catheterized skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dora E Corzo-León
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
- Unidad de Epidemiología Hospitalaria e Infectologia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Catherine Mark
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Donna M MacCallum
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Carol A Munro
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matsumoto Y, Kurakado S, Sugita T. Evaluating Candida albicans biofilm formation in silkworms. Med Mycol 2021; 59:201-205. [PMID: 32780824 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a pathogenic fungus that causes deep mycosis in immunocompromised patients and forms a biofilm on catheter surfaces. Here we showed that C. albicans infection of silkworms led to biofilm formation on the surface of polyurethane fibers, a catheter substrate material, while inside the silkworm body. Silkworms inserted with polyurethane fibers survived for at least 48 hours. When silkworms inserted with polyurethane fibers were subsequently infected with C. albicans, biofilm formed on the surface of the polyurethane fiber within 24 hours in the silkworm body. These results suggest that silkworms can be used to evaluate C. albicans biofilm formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Matsumoto
- Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Sanae Kurakado
- Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugita
- Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Prevalence and Impact of Biofilms on Bloodstream and Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070825. [PMID: 34356749 PMCID: PMC8300799 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to assess the prevalence and impact of biofilms on two commonly biofilm-related infections, bloodstream and urinary tract infections (BSI and UTI). Separated systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies were carried out in PubMed and Web of Sciences databases from January 2005 to May 2020, following PRISMA protocols. Studies were selected according to specific and defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The obtained outcomes were grouped into biofilm production (BFP) prevalence, BFP in resistant vs. susceptible strains, persistent vs. non-persistent BSI, survivor vs. non-survivor patients with BSI, and catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) vs. non-CAUTI. Single-arm and two-arm analyses were conducted for data analysis. In vitro BFP in BSI was highly related to resistant strains (odds ratio-OR: 2.68; 95% confidence intervals-CI: 1.60–4.47; p < 0.01), especially for methicillin-resistant Staphylococci. BFP was also highly linked to BSI persistence (OR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.28–5.48; p < 0.01) and even to mortality (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.53–2.74; p < 0.01). Candida spp. was the microorganism group where the highest associations were observed. Biofilms seem to impact Candida BSI independently from clinical differences, including treatment interventions. Regarding UTI, multi-drug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains of Escherichia coli, were linked to a great BFP prevalence (OR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.30–6.54; p < 0.01 and OR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.33–5.86; p < 0.01). More in vitro BFP was shown in CAUTI compared to non-CAUTI, but with less statistical confidence (OR: 2.61; 95% CI: 0.67–10.17; p < 0.17). This study highlights that biofilms must be recognized as a BSI and UTI resistance factor as well as a BSI virulence factor.
Collapse
|
10
|
Biosurfactant synergized with marine bacterial DNase disrupts polymicrobial biofilms. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2021; 66:831-842. [PMID: 34169451 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Globally, the occurrence of biofilm associated infection has become an alarming menace to the medical fraternity because the thick exopolysaccharide layer encasing the biofilms makes the biofilm producing pathogens inherently resistant to antibiotics. Candida albicans, the most common pathogen among Candida spp. is the causative agent for superficial and invasive candidiasis. The morphological phase switching from yeast to hyphal form is one of the virulent traits of C. albicans critical for its pathogenicity. Owing to the emergence of antifungal resistance among this opportunistic fungus, there is a dire need for improvised alternative antifungal agents. In the present study, we have evaluated a biosurfactant from a marine bacterium for its biofilm disruption ability against C. albicans. This biosurfactant had the potential to disrupt biofilms as well as to inhibit the morphological transition from yeast to hyphae. In addition, this biosurfactant showed enhance disruption of mixed species biofilms of C. albicans and Staphylococcus epidermidis when combined with DNase isolated from marine bacteria. From the results obtained, it is evident that the biosurfactant could act as a potential antibiofilm agent against drug resistant C. albicans strains.
Collapse
|
11
|
Feng W, Yang J, Ma Y, Xi Z, Ji Y, Ren Q, Ning H, Wang S. Cotreatment with Aspirin and Azole Drugs Increases Sensitivity of Candida albicans in vitro. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:2027-2038. [PMID: 34103949 PMCID: PMC8180266 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s314538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effects of aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid [ASA]) combined with fluconazole (FCA), itraconazole (ITR), or voriconazole (VRC) on Candida albicans under planktonic and biofilm conditions. Methods A total of 39 clinical C. albicans strains were used to perform the in vitro drug sensitivity assay under different conditions using the M27-A4 broth microdilution method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values were calculated. C. albicans ZY23 was chosen for the further analyses. Results Under planktonic conditions, the half maximal MIC (MIC50) values of FCA, ITR, and VRC were 64-0.5 μg/mL, 32-0.0625 μg/mL, and 16-0.125 μg/mL, respectively, when applied, whereas in combination with ASA, the values decreased to 32-0.25 μg/mL, 8-0.0313 μg/mL, and 8-0.0313 μg/mL, respectively. Under biofilm conditions, FCA, ITR, or VRC alone showed MIC50 values of 128-8 μg/mL, 32-4 μg/mL, and 32-0.5 μg/mL, whereas in combination with ASA the values were decreased to 32-0.5 μg/mL, 16-0.5 μg/mL, and 8-0.0625 μg/mL, respectively. Analysis of the FICI showed that the sensitization rate of ASA to FCA, ITR, and FCA under planktonic conditions was 43.59%, whereas the sensitization rates of ASP to FCA, ITR, and FCA under biofilm conditions were 46.15%, 46.15%, and 48.72%, respectively. Additionally, the time-growth and time-kill curves of C. albicans ZY23 further verified the synergistic effects of ASA on azole drugs. Conclusion ASA may act as an enhancer of the inhibitory effects of azole drugs on the growth of clinical C. albicans under planktonic and biofilm conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Feng
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ma
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Xi
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ji
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Ren
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Ning
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyan Wang
- The Department of Dermatovenereology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Azole-triphenylphosphonium conjugates combat antifungal resistance and alleviate the development of drug-resistance. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104771. [PMID: 33714761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Azole antifungals are commonly used to treat fungal infections but have resulted in the occurrence of drug resistance. Therefore, developing azole derivatives (AZDs) that can both combat established drug-resistant fungal strains and evade drug resistance is of great importance. In this study, we synthesized a series of AZDs with a fluconazole (FLC) skeleton conjugated with a mitochondria-targeting triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+). These AZDs displayed potent activity against both azole-sensitive and azole-resistant Candida strains without eliciting obvious resistance. Moreover, two representative AZDs, 20 and 25, exerted synergistic antifungal activity with Hsp90 inhibitors against C. albicans strains resistant to the combination treatment of FLC and Hsp90 inhibitors. AZD 25, which had minimal cytotoxicity, was effective in preventing C. albicans biofilm formation. Mechanistic investigation revealed that AZD 25 inhibited the biosynthesis of the fungal membrane component ergosterol and interfered with mitochondrial function. Our findings provide an alternative approach to address fungal resistance problems.
Collapse
|
13
|
Antifungal Activity of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: Effect on the Growth and Key Virulence Factors of Candida albicans. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:485-494. [PMID: 32328890 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the effects of different concentrations of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) on the growth and key virulence factors of Candida albicans (C. albicans). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of MgO NPs against C. albicans was determined by the micro-broth dilution method. A time-kill curve of MgO NPs and C. albicans was established to investigate the ageing effect of MgO NPs on C. albicans. Crystal violet staining, the MTT assay, and inverted fluorescence microscopy were employed to determine the effects of MgO NPs on C. albicans adhesion, two-phase morphological transformation, biofilm biomass, and metabolic activity. The time-kill curve showed that MgO NPs had fungicidal and antifungal activity against C. albicans in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Semi-quantitative crystal violet staining and MTT assays showed that MgO NPs significantly inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation and metabolic activity, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Inverted fluorescence microscopy showed that MgO NPs could inhibit the formation of C. albicans biofilm hyphae. Adhesion experiments showed that MgO NPs significantly inhibited the initial adhesion of C. albicans (p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that MgO NPs can effectively inhibit the growth, initial adhesion, two-phase morphological transformation, and biofilm formation of C. albicans and is an antifungal candidate.
Collapse
|
14
|
Walsh DJ, Livinghouse T, Durling GM, Chase-Bayless Y, Arnold AD, Stewart PS. Sulfenate Esters of Simple Phenols Exhibit Enhanced Activity against Biofilms. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6010-6020. [PMID: 32226882 PMCID: PMC7098047 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The recalcitrance exhibited by microbial biofilms to conventional disinfectants has motivated the development of new chemical strategies to control and eradicate biofilms. The activities of several small phenolic compounds and their trichloromethylsulfenyl ester derivatives were evaluated against planktonic cells and mature biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some of the phenolic parent compounds are well-studied constituents of plant essential oils, for example, eugenol, menthol, carvacrol, and thymol. The potency of sulfenate ester derivatives was markedly and consistently increased toward both planktonic cells and biofilms. The mean fold difference between the parent and derivative minimum inhibitory concentration against planktonic cells was 44 for S. epidermidis and 16 for P. aeruginosa. The mean fold difference between the parent and derivative biofilm eradication concentration for 22 tested compounds against both S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa was 3. This work demonstrates the possibilities of a new class of biofilm-targeting disinfectants deploying a sulfenate ester functional group to increase the antimicrobial potency toward microorganisms in biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danica J Walsh
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Tom Livinghouse
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Greg M Durling
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Yenny Chase-Bayless
- Fish and Wildlife, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Adrienne D Arnold
- Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Philip S Stewart
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
de Freitas MA, Andrade JC, Alves AIS, Dos Santos FDAG, Leite-Andrade MC, Sales DL, Nunes M, Ribeiro PRV, Melo Coutinho HD, Morais-Braga MFB, Neves RP. Use of the natural products from the leaves of the fruitfull tree Persea americana against Candida sp. biofilms using acrylic resin discs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:134779. [PMID: 31710846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The search for natural substances such as plant extracts with antimicrobial properties has considerably increased, given that biofilms constitute a barrier against antifungal therapy, where these can be formed on any surface, such as acrylic resin prosthesis. The objective of this study was to identify the chemical composition of the Persea americana Mill. leaf ethanol extract (EEFPa) using the UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS technique, to verify its antifungal activity through a sensitivity test according to the conditions described in the documents in M27-A3 (CLSI, 2008) and M60 (CLSI, 2017), to induce biofilm formation in acrylic resin discs and quantify their formation using tetrazolium salt reduction (MTT), as well as to treat these with the extract and fluconazole. Ten of the twelve compounds present in the extract were identified. In the sensitivity test the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration observed was 512 μg/mL, while fluconazole concentrations ranged from 64 to 1 μg/mL. During biofilm induction, all the isolates were able to form biofilms within 48 h. During biofilm treatment, the extract was less effective at biofilm reduction than Fluconazole. The EEFPa showed significant antifungal activity against some of the strains in this study, however the extract showed lower effect when compared to fluconazole against the biofilm formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Audilene de Freitas
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology Sylvio Campos, Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Cosmo Andrade
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Adryelle Idalina Silva Alves
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology Sylvio Campos, Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Franz de Assis G Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology Sylvio Campos, Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Melyna Chaves Leite-Andrade
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology Sylvio Campos, Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Débora Lima Sales
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Michellângelo Nunes
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology Sylvio Campos, Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Crato, CE, Brazil.
| | - Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Rejane Pereira Neves
- Laboratory of Medical Mycology Sylvio Campos, Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife, PE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Qais FA, Khan MSA, Ahmad I, Althubiani AS. Potential of Nanoparticles in Combating Candida Infections. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666181015145224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims:
The aim of this review is to survey the recent progress made in developing the
nanoparticles as antifungal agents especially the nano-based formulations being exploited for the
management of Candida infections.
Discussion:
In the last few decades, there has been many-fold increase in fungal infections including
candidiasis due to the increased number of immunocompromised patients worldwide. The efficacy of
available antifungal drugs is limited due to its associated toxicity and drug resistance in clinical
strains. The recent advancements in nanobiotechnology have opened a new hope for the development
of novel formulations with enhanced therapeutic efficacy, improved drug delivery and low toxicity.
Conclusion:
Metal nanoparticles have shown to possess promising in vitro antifungal activities and
could be effectively used for enhanced and targeted delivery of conventionally used drugs. The synergistic
interaction between nanoparticles and various antifungal agents have also been reported with
enhanced antifungal activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Abul Qais
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP-202002, India
| | - Mohd Sajjad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Basic Sciences (Biology Unit), Health Track, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam-31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal Ahmad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP-202002, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Efflux pump-mediated resistance to antifungal compounds can be prevented by conjugation with triphenylphosphonium cation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5102. [PMID: 30504815 PMCID: PMC6269435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antifungal resistance due to upregulation of efflux pumps is prevalent in clinical Candida isolates. Potential efflux pump substrates (PEPSs), which are active against strains deficient in efflux pumps but inactive against wild-type strains, are usually missed in routine antifungal screening. Here we present a method for identification of PEPSs, and show that conjugation with mitochondria-targeting triphenylphosphonium cation (TPP+) can enhance or restore the compounds’ antifungal activity. The screening method involves co-culturing a wild-type C. albicans strain and a Cdr efflux pump-deficient strain, labelled with different fluorescent proteins. We identify several PEPSs from a library of natural terpenes, and restore their antifungal activity against wild-type and azole-resistant C. albicans by conjugation with TPP+. The most active conjugate (IS-2-Pi-TPP) kills C. albicans cells, prevents biofilm formation and eliminates preformed biofilms, without inducing significant resistance. The antifungal activity is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and increased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species. In addition, IS-2-Pi-TPP is effective against C. albicans in a mouse model of skin infection. Antifungal resistance due to upregulation of efflux pumps is common in Candida albicans. Here, the authors show that conjugation with mitochondria-targeting triphenylphosphonium cation can enhance or restore the antifungal activity of potential efflux pump substrates.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yu H, Liu L, Yang H, Zhou R, Che C, Li X, Li C, Luan S, Yin J, Shi H. Water-Insoluble Polymeric Guanidine Derivative and Application in the Preparation of Antibacterial Coating of Catheter. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39257-39267. [PMID: 30346131 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial coatings have been considered as an effective method for preventing the implant-associated infections caused by the bacterial colonization. In this study, we report a water-insoluble polyelectrolyte-surfactant complex, poly(hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride-sodium stearate (PHMB-SS) that can be facilely coated onto the surfaces of biomedical catheter and kill the bacteria by releasing the PHMB and prevent the generation of the biofilm. The PHMB-SS-coated surfaces showed better bactericidal activity toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The PHMB-SS-coated catheters could not only relatively prevent the bacterial colonization in vitro but also in an implant-associated bacterial infection animal model in vivo. Moreover, no significant cytotoxicity and host response were observed in vitro and in vivo, indicating the high biocompatibility of the coating. The water-insoluble antibacterial coating reported in this work represents a novel approach to build a simple and effective coating for the prevention of device-associated infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Huawei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Rongtao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Chaoyue Che
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , P. R. China
| | - Shifang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| | - Hengchong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Role of Lock Therapy for Long-Term Catheter-Related Infections by Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00569-18. [PMID: 29987150 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00569-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of long-term central venous catheter (LTCVC) infections by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in cancer patient is a challenge. The objectives of this study were to analyze outcomes in cancer patients with LTCVC-associated infection, identify risks for unfavorable outcomes, and determine the impact of MDR bacteria and antibiotic lock therapy (ALT) in managing such infections. We evaluated all LTCVC-associated infections treated between January 2009 and December 2016. Infections were reported in accordance with international guidelines for catheter-related infections. The outcome measures were 30-day mortality and treatment failure. We analyzed risk factors by Cox forward-stepwise regression. We identified 296 LTCVC-associated infections; 212 (71.6%) were classified as bloodstream infections (BSIs). The most common agent was Staphylococcus aureus Forty-six (21.7%) infections were due to MDR Gram-negative bacteria. ALT was used in 62 (29.2%) patients, with a 75.9% success rate. Risk factors identified for failure of the initial treatment were having a high sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at diagnosis of infection and being in palliative care; introduction of ALT at the start of treatment was identified as a protective factor. Risk factors identified for 30-day mortality after LTCVC-associated infection were a high SOFA score at diagnosis, infection with MDR bacteria, and palliative care; introduction of ALT at the start of treatment, hematological malignancies, and adherence to an institutional protocol for the management of LTCVC-associated infection were identified as protective factors. Despite the high incidence of infection with MDR bacteria, ALT improves the outcome of LTCVC-associated infection in cancer patients.
Collapse
|
20
|
De Vincenti L, Glasenapp Y, Cattò C, Villa F, Cappitelli F, Papenbrock J. Hindering the formation and promoting the dispersion of medical biofilms: non-lethal effects of seagrass extracts. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:168. [PMID: 29843708 PMCID: PMC5975390 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biofilms have great significance in healthcare-associated infections owing to their inherent tolerance and resistance to antimicrobial therapies. New approaches to prevent and treat unwanted biofilms are urgently required. To this end, three seagrass species (Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis and Halodule pinifolia) collected in Vietnam and in India were investigated for their effects in mediating non-lethal interactions on sessile bacterial (Escherichia coli) and fungal (Candida albicans) cultures. The present study was focused on anti-biofilm activities of seagrass extracts, without killing cells. METHODS Methanolic extracts were characterized, and major compounds were identified by MS/MS analysis. The antibiofilm properties of the seagrass extracts were tested at sub-lethal concentrations by using microtiter plate adhesion assay. The performance of the most promising extract was further investigated in elegant bioreactors to reproduce mature biofilms both at the solid/liquid and the solid/air interfaces. Dispersion and bioluminescent assays were carried out to decipher the mode of action of the bioactive extract. RESULTS It was shown that up to 100 ppm of crude extracts did not adversely affect microbial growth, nor do they act as a carbon and energy source for the selected microorganisms. Seagrass extracts appear to be more effective in deterring microbial adhesion on hydrophobic surfaces than on hydrophilic. The results revealed that non-lethal concentrations of E. acoroides leaf extract: i) reduce bacterial and fungal coverage by 60.9 and 73.9%, respectively; ii) affect bacterial biofilm maturation and promote dispersion, up to 70%, in fungal biofilm; iii) increase luminescence in Vibrio harveyi by 25.8%. The characterization of methanolic extracts showed the unique profile of the E. acoroides leaf extract. CONCLUSIONS E. acoroides leaf extract proved to be the most promising extract among those tested. Indeed, the selected non-lethal concentrations of E. acoroides leaf extract were found to exert an antibiofilm effect on C. albicans and E. coli biofilm in the first phase of biofilm genesis, opening up the possibility of developing preventive strategies to hinder the adhesion of microbial cells to surfaces. The leaf extract also affected the dispersion and maturation steps in C. albicans and E. coli respectively, suggesting an important role in cell signaling processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca De Vincenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Yvana Glasenapp
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuserstr. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Cristina Cattò
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Villa
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappitelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Jutta Papenbrock
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuserstr. 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guo L, Guo J, Liu H, Zhang J, Chen X, Qiu Y, Fu S. Tea polyphenols suppress growth and virulence-related factors of Haemophilus parasuis. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1047-1053. [PMID: 29798967 PMCID: PMC6068306 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis) is the primary cause of Glässer's disease. Currently, there are no effective vaccines that can confer protection against all H. parasuis serovars. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of tea polyphenols on growth, expression of virulence-related factors, and biofilm formation of H. parasuis, as well as to evaluate their protective effects against H. parasuis challenge. Our findings demonstrated that tea polyphenols can inhibit H. parasuis growth in a dose-dependent manner and attenuate the biofilm formation of H. parasuis. In addition, tea polyphenols exerted inhibitory effects on the expression of H. parasuis virulence-related factors. Moreover, tea polyphenols could confer protection against a lethal dose of H. parasuis and can reduce pathological tissue damage induced by H. parasuis. In summary, our findings demonstrated the promising use of tea polyphenols as a novel treatment for H. parasuis infection in pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Jing Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - HuaShan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Xiabing Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430208, China
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| | - Shulin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Muñoz P, Agnelli C, Guinea J, Vena A, Álvarez-Uría A, Marcos-Zambrano LJ, Escribano P, Valerio M, Bouza E. Is biofilm production a prognostic marker in adults with candidaemia? Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:1010-1015. [PMID: 29408611 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of biofilm production in the outcome of candidaemia remains under discussion. Current evidence relies on variable biofilm detection methods while evaluating distinct clinical end points. We aimed to determine the impact of biofilm production measured by metabolic activity (MA) and biomass (BM) on the prognosis of adults with candidaemia. METHODS Retrospective cohort including 280 adults with candidaemia admitted from 2010 to 2016. BM was assessed using crystal violet binding stain and the XTT reduction assay was used to detect MA. Strains were classified as high and moderate-low biofilm producers according to published cut-offs. The primary outcome was overall mortality within 7 and 30 days. The secondary outcome was unfavourable prognosis defined as metastatic infection, admission to an intensive care unit due to the severity of candidaemia, or death within 30 days. RESULTS High BM and high MA were detected in 90 (32.1%) and 114 (40.7%) of the 280 isolates, respectively. Comparison of high and moderate-low biofilm forming isolates revealed no correlation between biofilm production and 7-day mortality (BM high 15/90 (16.7%) versus moderate-low 24/190 (12.6%); MA high 12/114 (10.5%) versus moderate-low 27/166 (16.3%)), 30-day mortality (BM high 34/90 (37.8%) versus moderate-low 61/190 (32.1%); MA high 33/114 (28.9%) versus moderate-low 62/166 (37.3%)), or unfavourable prognosis (BM high 45/90 (50.0%) versus moderate-low 73/190 (38.4%); MA high 41/114 (36.0%) versus moderate-low 77/166 (46.4%)). CONCLUSIONS Biofilm production was not a predictor of mortality or of unfavourable prognosis in adults with candidaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Muñoz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Respiratory Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Agnelli
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Guinea
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Respiratory Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Vena
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Álvarez-Uría
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - L J Marcos-Zambrano
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Escribano
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Valerio
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Bouza
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Gregorio Marañón Sanitary Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Respiratory Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Centre, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pinelli F, Cecero E, Degl'Innocenti D, Selmi V, Giua R, Villa G, Chelazzi C, Romagnoli S, Pittiruti M. Infection of totally implantable venous access devices: A review of the literature. J Vasc Access 2018; 19:230-242. [PMID: 29512430 DOI: 10.1177/1129729818758999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Totally implantable venous access devices, or ports, are essential in the therapeutic management of patients who require long-term intermittent intravenous therapy. Totally implantable venous access devices guarantee safe infusion of chemotherapy, blood transfusion, parenteral nutrition, as well as repeated blood samples. Minimizing the need for frequent vascular access, totally implantable venous access devices also improve the patient's quality of life. Nonetheless, totally implantable venous access devices are not free from complications. Among those, infection is the most relevant, affecting patients' morbidity and mortality-both in the hospital or outpatient setting-and increasing healthcare costs. Knowledge of pathogenesis and risk factors of totally implantable venous access device-related infections is crucial to prevent this condition by adopting proper insertion bundles and maintenance bundles based on the best available evidence. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of infection are of paramount importance. As a totally implantable venous access device-related infection occurs, device removal or a conservative approach should be chosen in treating this complication. For both prevention and therapy, antimicrobial lock is a major matter of controversy and a promising field for future clinical studies. This article reviews current evidences in terms of epidemiology, pathogenesis and risk factors, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of totally implantable venous access device-related infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Pinelli
- 1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Cecero
- 2 Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Selmi
- 1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosa Giua
- 2 Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Villa
- 2 Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cosimo Chelazzi
- 1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Romagnoli
- 1 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Pittiruti
- 4 Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Keum H, Kim JY, Yu B, Yu SJ, Kim J, Jeon H, Lee DY, Im SG, Jon S. Prevention of Bacterial Colonization on Catheters by a One-Step Coating Process Involving an Antibiofouling Polymer in Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19736-19745. [PMID: 28569502 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b06899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
As reports of multidrug resistant pathogens have increased, patients with implanted medical catheters increasingly need alternative solutions to antibiotic treatments. As most catheter-related infections are directly associated with biofilm formation on the catheter surface, which, once formed, is difficult to eliminate, a promising approach to biofilm prevention involves inhibiting the initial adhesion of bacteria to the surface. In this study, we report an amphiphilic, antifouling polymer, poly(DMA-mPEGMA-AA) that can facilely coat the surfaces of commercially available catheter materials in water and prevent bacterial adhesion to and subsequent colonization of the surface, giving rise to an antibiofilm surface. The antifouling coating layer was formed simply by dipping a model substrate (polystyrene, PET, PDMS, or silicon-based urinary catheter) in water containing poly(DMA-mPEGMA-AA), followed by characterization by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The antibacterial adhesion properties of the polymer-coated surface were assessed for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth under static (incubation in the presence of a bacterial suspension) and dynamic (bacteria suspended in a solution under flow) conditions. Regardless of the conditions, the polymer-coated surface displayed significantly reduced attachment of the bacteria (antiadhesion effect > ∼8-fold) compared to the bare noncoated substrates. Treatment of the implanted catheters with S. aureus in vivo further confirmed that the polymer-coated silicon urinary catheters could significantly reduce bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation in a bacterial infection animal model. Furthermore, the polymer-coated catheters did not induce hemolysis and were resistant to the adhesion of blood-circulating cells, indicative of high biocompatibility. Collectively, the present amphiphilic antifouling polymer is potentially useful as a coating platform that renders existing medical devices resistant to biofilm formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongseop Keum
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongjun Yu
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jung Yu
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsu Jeon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Department of Biological Sciences, ‡Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, and §KAIST Institute for the NanoCentury, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Margel D, Mizrahi M, Regev-Shoshani G, KO M, Moshe M, Ozalvo R, Shavit-Grievink L, Baniel J, Kedar D, Yossepowitch O, Lifshitz D, Nadu A, Greenberg D, Av-Gay Y. Nitric oxide charged catheters as a potential strategy for prevention of hospital acquired infections. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174443. [PMID: 28410367 PMCID: PMC5391919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catheter-Associated Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAI's) are caused by biofilm-forming bacteria. Using a novel approach, we generated anti-infective barrier on catheters by charging them with Nitric Oxide (NO), a naturally-produced gas molecule. NO is slowly released from the catheter upon contact with physiological fluids, and prevents bacterial colonization and biofilm formation onto catheter surfaces. AIMS AND METHODS The aim of the study was to assess the anti-infective properties of NO-charged catheters exposed to low concentration (up to 103 CFU/ml) of microbial cells in-vitro. We assessed NO-charged tracheal tubes using Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dialysis and biliary catheters using Escherichia coli, and urinary catheters using E. coli, Candida albicans or Enterococcus faecalis. Safety and tolerability of NO-charged urinary catheters were evaluated in a phase 1 clinical study in 12 patients. Six patients were catheterized with NO-charged catheters (NO-group), followed by 6 patients catheterized with regular control catheters (CT-group). Comparison of safety parameters between the study groups was performed. RESULTS NO-charged tracheal, dialysis biliary and urinary catheters prevented P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans attachment and colonization onto their surfaces and eradicated corresponding planktonic microbial cells in the surrounding media after 24-48 hours, while E. faecalis colonization onto urinary catheters was reduced by 1 log compared to controls. All patients catheterized with an NO-charged urinary catheter successfully completed the study without experiencing NO-related AE's or serious AE's (SAE's). CONCLUSION These data highlight the potential of NO-based technology as potential platform for preventing catheter-associated HAI's.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Margel
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Gili Regev-Shoshani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Province, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mary KO
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Province, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maya Moshe
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Rachel Ozalvo
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Liat Shavit-Grievink
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Jack Baniel
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Daniel Kedar
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Ofer Yossepowitch
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - David Lifshitz
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | - Andrei Nadu
- Division of Urology, Rabin Medical Center and Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petach-Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Yossef Av-Gay
- ENOX Ltd., Habarzel 38, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Province, Vancouver, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li X, Zhao Y, Huang X, Yu C, Yang Y, Sun S. Ambroxol Hydrochloride Combined with Fluconazole Reverses the Resistance of Candida albicans to Fluconazole. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:124. [PMID: 28439502 PMCID: PMC5383865 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we found that ambroxol hydrochloride (128 μg/mL) exhibits synergistic antifungal effects in combination with fluconazole (2 μg/mL) against resistant planktonic Candida albicans (C. albicans) cells. This combination also exhibited synergistic effects against resistant C. albicans biofilms in different stages (4, 8, and 12 h) according to the microdilution method. In vitro data were further confirmed by the success of this combination in treating Galleria mellonella infected by resistant C. albicans. With respect to the synergistic mechanism, our result revealed that ambroxol hydrochloride has an effect on the drug transporters of resistant C. albicans, increasing the uptake and decreasing the efflux of rhodamine 6G, a fluorescent alternate of fluconazole. This is the first study to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antifungal effects, as well as the possible synergistic mechanism of ambroxol hydrochloride in combination with fluconazole against resistant C. albicans. The results show the potential role for this drug combination as a therapeutic alternative to treat resistant C. albicans and provide insights into the development of antifungal targets and new antifungal agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Yuanhao Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Cuixiang Yu
- Respiration Medicine, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Yilei Yang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li X, Yu C, Huang X, Sun S. Synergistic Effects and Mechanisms of Budesonide in Combination with Fluconazole against Resistant Candida albicans. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168936. [PMID: 28006028 PMCID: PMC5179115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an important opportunistic pathogen, causing both superficial mucosal infections and life-threatening systemic diseases in the clinic. The emergence of drug resistance in Candida albicans has become a noteworthy phenomenon due to the extensive use of antifungal agents and the development of biofilms. This study showed that budesonide potentiates the antifungal effect of fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, our results demonstrated, for the first time, that the combination of fluconazole and budesonide can reverse the resistance of Candida albicans by inhibiting the function of drug transporters, reducing the formation of biofilms, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting the activity of extracellular phospholipases. This is the first study implicating the effects and mechanisms of budesonide against Candida albicans alone or in combination with fluconazole, which may ultimately lead to the identification of new potential antifungal targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuixiang Yu
- Respiration Medicine, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hirota K, Yumoto H, Sapaar B, Matsuo T, Ichikawa T, Miyake Y. Pathogenic factors in Candida biofilm-related infectious diseases. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 122:321-330. [PMID: 27770500 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans is a commonly found member of the human microflora and is a major human opportunistic fungal pathogen. A perturbation of the microbiome can lead to infectious diseases caused by various micro-organisms, including C. albicans. Moreover, the interactions between C. albicans and bacteria are considered to play critical roles in human health. The major biological feature of C. albicans, which impacts human health, resides in its ability to form biofilms. In particular, the extracellular matrix (ECM) of Candida biofilm plays a multifaceted role and therefore may be considered as a highly attractive target to combat biofilm-related infectious diseases. In addition, extracellular DNA (eDNA) also plays a crucial role in Candida biofilm formation and its structural integrity and induces the morphological transition from yeast to the hyphal growth form during C. albicans biofilm development. This review focuses on pathogenic factors such as eDNA in Candida biofilm formation and its ECM production and provides meaningful information for future studies to develop a novel strategy to battle infectious diseases elicited by Candida-formed biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hirota
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - H Yumoto
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - B Sapaar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - T Matsuo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - T Ichikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Miyake
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Giongo JL, de Almeida Vaucher R, Fausto VP, Quatrin PM, Lopes LQS, Santos RCV, Gündel A, Gomes P, Steppe M. Anti- Candida activity assessment of Pelargonium graveolens oil free and nanoemulsion in biofilm formation in hospital medical supplies. Microb Pathog 2016; 100:170-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
30
|
A Novel Hybrid Iron Regulation Network Combines Features from Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Yeasts. mBio 2016; 7:mBio.01782-16. [PMID: 27795405 PMCID: PMC5082906 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01782-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for both pathogens and their hosts, which restrict iron availability during infections in an effort to prevent microbial growth. Successful human pathogens like the yeast Candida glabrata have thus developed effective iron acquisition strategies. Their regulation has been investigated well for some pathogenic fungi and in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which employs an evolutionarily derived system. Here, we show that C. glabrata uses a regulation network largely consisting of components of the S. cerevisiae regulon but also of elements of other pathogenic fungi. Specifically, similarly to baker's yeast, Aft1 is the main positive regulator under iron starvation conditions, while Cth2 degrades mRNAs encoding iron-requiring enzymes. However, unlike the case with S. cerevisiae, a Sef1 ortholog is required for full growth under iron limitation conditions, making C. glabrata an evolutionary intermediate to SEF1-dependent fungal pathogens. Therefore, C. glabrata has evolved an iron homeostasis system which seems to be unique within the pathogenic fungi. IMPORTANCE The fungus Candida glabrata represents an evolutionarily close relative of the well-studied and benign baker's yeast and model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae On the other hand, C. glabrata is an important opportunistic human pathogen causing both superficial and systemic infections. The ability to acquire trace metals, in particular, iron, and to tightly regulate this process during infection is considered an important virulence attribute of a variety of pathogens. Importantly, S. cerevisiae uses a highly derivative regulatory system distinct from those of other fungi. Until now, the regulatory mechanism of iron homeostasis in C. glabrata has been mostly unknown. Our study revealed a hybrid iron regulation network that is unique to C. glabrata and is placed at an evolutionary midpoint between those of S. cerevisiae and related fungal pathogens. We thereby show that, in the host, even a successful human pathogen can rely largely on a strategy normally found in nonpathogenic fungi from a terrestrial environment.
Collapse
|
31
|
Jia W, Zhang H, Li C, Li G, Liu X, Wei J. The calcineruin inhibitor cyclosporine a synergistically enhances the susceptibility of Candida albicans biofilms to fluconazole by multiple mechanisms. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:113. [PMID: 27316338 PMCID: PMC4912705 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biofilms produced by Candida albicans (C. albicans) are intrinsically resistant to fungicidal agents, which are a main cause of the pathogenesis of catheter infections. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that calcineurin inhibitor FK506 or cyclosporine A (CsA) can remarkably enhance the antifungal activity of fluconazole (FLC) against biofilm-producing C. albicans strain infections. The aim of present study is thus to interrogate the mechanism underpinning the synergistic effect of FLC and calcineurin inhibitors. RESULTS Twenty four clinical C. albicans strains isolated from bloodstream showed a distinct capacity of biofilm formation. A combination of calcineurin inhibitor CsA and FLC exhibited a dose-dependent synergistic antifungal effect on the growth and biofilm formation of C. albicans isolates as determined by a XTT assay and fluorescent microscopy assay. The synergistic effect was accompanied with a significantly down-regulated expression of adhesion-related genes ALS3, hypha-related genes HWP1, ABC transporter drug-resistant genes CDR1 and MDR1, and FLC targeting gene, encoding sterol 14alpha-demethylase (ERG11) in clinical C. albicans isolates. Furthermore, an addition of CsA significantly reduced the cellular surface hydrophobicity but increased intracellular calcium concentration as determined by a flow cytometry assay (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results presented in this report demonstrated that the synergistic effect of CsA and FLC on inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation and enhanced susceptibility to FLC was in part through a mechanism involved in suppressing the expression of biofilm related and drug-resistant genes, and reducing cellular surface hydrophobicity, as well as evoking intracellular calcium concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- Ningxia Key laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.,Center of Laboratory Medicine, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Haiyun Zhang
- The First People's Hospital of Mudanjiang City, Mudanjiang, Helongjiang, 157011, China
| | - Caiyun Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Gang Li
- Ningxia Key laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.,Center of Laboratory Medicine, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Ningxia Key laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.
| | - Jun Wei
- Ningxia Key laboratory of Clinical and Pathogenic Microbiology, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China. .,Center of Laboratory Medicine, the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.
| |
Collapse
|