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Higashi DL, Qin H, Borland C, Kreth J, Merritt J. An inflammatory paradox: strategies inflammophilic oral pathobionts employ to exploit innate immunity via neutrophil manipulation. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1413842. [PMID: 38919731 PMCID: PMC11196645 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1413842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory dysbiotic diseases present an intriguing biological paradox. Like most other infectious disease processes, the alarm bells of the host are potently activated by tissue-destructive pathobionts, triggering a cascade of physiological responses that ultimately mobilize immune cells like neutrophils to sites of active infection. Typically, these inflammatory host responses are critical to inhibit and/or eradicate infecting microbes. However, for many inflammatory dysbiotic diseases, inflammophilic pathobiont-enriched communities not only survive the inflammatory response, but they actually obtain a growth advantage when challenged with an inflammatory environment. This is especially true for those organisms that have evolved various strategies to resist and/or manipulate components of innate immunity. In contrast, members of the commensal microbiome typically experience a competitive growth disadvantage under inflammatory selective pressure, hindering their critical ability to restrict pathobiont proliferation. Here, we examine examples of bacteria-neutrophil interactions from both conventional pathogens and inflammophiles. We discuss some of the strategies utilized by them to illustrate how inflammophilic microbes can play a central role in the positive feedback cycle that exemplifies dysbiotic chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin L. Higashi
- Division of Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Hua Qin
- Division of Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Christina Borland
- Division of Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jens Kreth
- Division of Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Justin Merritt
- Division of Biomaterial and Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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2
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Manoil D, Parga A, Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN. Microbial diagnostics in periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38797888 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Microbial analytical methods have been instrumental in elucidating the complex microbial etiology of periodontal diseases, by shaping our understanding of subgingival community dynamics. Certain pathobionts can orchestrate the establishment of dysbiotic communities that can subvert the host immune system, triggering inflammation and tissue destruction. Yet, diagnosis and management of periodontal conditions still rely on clinical and radiographic examinations, overlooking the well-established microbial etiology. This review summarizes the chronological emergence of periodontal etiological models and the co-evolution with technological advances in microbial detection. We additionally review the microbial analytical approaches currently accessible to clinicians, highlighting their value in broadening the periodontal assessment. The epidemiological importance of obtaining culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of periodontal taxa for antibiotic resistance surveillance is also underscored, together with clinically relevant analytical approaches to guide antibiotherapy choices, when necessary. Furthermore, the importance of 16S-based community and shotgun metagenomic profiling is discussed in outlining dysbiotic microbial signatures. Because dysbiosis precedes periodontal damage, biomarker identification offers early diagnostic possibilities to forestall disease relapses during maintenance. Altogether, this review highlights the underutilized potential of clinical microbiology in periodontology, spotlighting the clinical areas most conductive to its diagnostic implementation for enhancing prevention, treatment predictability, and addressing global antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Manoil
- Division of Cariology and Endodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Parga
- Division of Cariology and Endodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, CIBUS-Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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Irie K, Azuma T, Tomofuji T, Yamamoto T. Exploring the Role of IL-17A in Oral Dysbiosis-Associated Periodontitis and Its Correlation with Systemic Inflammatory Disease. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:194. [PMID: 37623290 PMCID: PMC10453731 DOI: 10.3390/dj11080194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiota play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, safeguarding the oral cavity, and preventing the onset of disease. Oral dysbiosis has the potential to trigger pro-inflammatory effects and immune dysregulation, which can have a negative impact on systemic health. It is regarded as a key etiological factor for periodontitis. The emergence and persistence of oral dysbiosis have been demonstrated to mediate inflammatory pathology locally and at distant sites. The heightened inflammation observed in oral dysbiosis is dependent upon the secretion of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by various innate and adaptive immune cells. IL-17A has been found to play a significant role in host defense mechanisms by inducing antibacterial peptides, recruiting neutrophils, and promoting local inflammation via cytokines and chemokines. This review seeks to present the current knowledge on oral dysbiosis and its prevention, as well as the underlying role of IL-17A in periodontitis induced by oral dysbiosis and its impact on systemic inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Irie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
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Gerace E, Baldi S, Salimova M, Di Gloria L, Curini L, Cimino V, Nannini G, Russo E, Pallecchi M, Ramazzotti M, Bartolucci G, Occupati B, Lanzi C, Scarpino M, Lanzo G, Grippo A, Lolli F, Mannaioni G, Amedei A. Oral and fecal microbiota perturbance in cocaine users: Can rTMS-induced cocaine abstinence support eubiosis restoration? iScience 2023; 26:106627. [PMID: 37250301 PMCID: PMC10214473 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of cocaine on microbiota have been scarcely explored. Here, we investigated the gut (GM) and oral (OM) microbiota composition of cocaine use disorder (CUD) patients and the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). 16S rRNA sequencing was used to characterize GM and OM, whereas PICRUST2 assessed functional changes in microbial communities, and gas-chromatography was used to evaluate fecal short and medium chain fatty acids. CUD patients reported a significant decrease in alpha diversity and modification of the abundances of several taxa in both GM and OM. Furthermore, many predicted metabolic pathways were differentially expressed in CUD patients' stool and saliva samples, as well as reduced levels of butyric acid that appear restored to normal amounts after rTMS treatment. In conclusion, CUD patients showed a profound dysbiotic fecal and oral microbiota composition and function and rTMS-induced cocaine abstinence determined the restoration of eubiotic microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Gerace
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maya Salimova
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Careggi, Clinical Toxicology and Poison Control Centre, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Leandro Di Gloria
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Lavinia Curini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Virginia Cimino
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Nannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Pallecchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Brunella Occupati
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Careggi, Clinical Toxicology and Poison Control Centre, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Cecilia Lanzi
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Careggi, Clinical Toxicology and Poison Control Centre, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Maenia Scarpino
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Careggi, Neurophysiology Unit, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lanzo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Careggi, Neurophysiology Unit, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Antonello Grippo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Careggi, Neurophysiology Unit, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Lolli
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Guido Mannaioni
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Careggi, Clinical Toxicology and Poison Control Centre, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Liu QY, Liao Y, Wu YX, Diao H, Du Y, Chen YW, Xie JR, Xue WQ, He YQ, Wang TM, Zheng XH, Jia WH. The Oral Microbiome as Mediator between Oral Hygiene and Its Impact on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030719. [PMID: 36985292 PMCID: PMC10058307 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral hygiene and the alteration of the oral microbiome have been linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to investigate whether the oral microbiome plays a mediating role in the relationship between oral hygiene and NPC, and identify differential microbial taxonomies that potentially mediated this association. We conducted a case–control study that involved 218 NPC patients and 192 healthy controls. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4 region was performed to evaluate the composition of the oral microbiome. Mediation analysis was applied to explore the relationship among oral hygiene, the oral microbiome and NPC. We found that dental fillings and poor oral hygiene score were associated with increased risks of NPC (OR = 2.51 (1.52–4.25) and OR = 1.54 (1.02–2.33)). Mediation analysis indicated that dental fillings increased the risk of NPC by altering the abundance of Erysipelotrichales, Erysipelotrichaceae, Solobacterium and Leptotrichia wadei. In addition, Leptotrichia wadei also mediated the association between oral hygiene score and the risk of NPC. Our study confirmed that poor oral hygiene increased the risk of NPC, which was partly mediated by the oral microbiome. These findings might help us to understand the potential mechanism of oral hygiene influencing the risk of NPC via the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yun Liu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ying Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hua Diao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jin-Ru Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yong-Qiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Tong-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-87342327
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6
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Uriarte SM, Hajishengallis G. Neutrophils in the periodontium: Interactions with pathogens and roles in tissue homeostasis and inflammation. Immunol Rev 2023; 314:93-110. [PMID: 36271881 PMCID: PMC10049968 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are of key importance in periodontal health and disease. In their absence or when they are functionally defective, as occurs in certain congenital disorders, affected individuals develop severe forms of periodontitis in early age. These observations imply that the presence of immune-competent neutrophils is essential to homeostasis. However, the presence of supernumerary or hyper-responsive neutrophils, either because of systemic priming or innate immune training, leads to imbalanced host-microbe interactions in the periodontium that culminate in dysbiosis and inflammatory tissue breakdown. These disease-provoking imbalanced interactions are further exacerbated by periodontal pathogens capable of subverting neutrophil responses to their microbial community's benefit and the host's detriment. This review attempts a synthesis of these findings for an integrated view of the neutrophils' ambivalent role in periodontal disease and, moreover, discusses how some of these concepts underpin the development of novel therapeutic approaches to treat periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia M. Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Guo ZC, Jing SL, Jumatai S, Gong ZC. Porphyromonas gingivalis promotes the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma by activating the neutrophil chemotaxis in the tumour microenvironment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 72:1523-1539. [PMID: 36513851 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03348-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine the significance of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in promoting tumour progression in the tumour microenvironment (TME) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to screen out the differentially expressed genes from the two datasets of GEO138206 and GSE87539. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis of samples, cell biological behaviour experiments, and tumour-bearing animal experiments were used to verify the results in vivo and in vitro. The mechanism was revealed at the molecular level, and rescue experiments were carried out by using inhibitors and lentiviruses. RESULTS CXCL2 was selected by bioinformatics analysis and was found to be related to a poor prognosis in OSCC patients. Samples with P. gingivalis infection in the TME of OSCC had the strongest cell invasion and proliferation and the largest tumour volume in tumour-bearing animal experiments and exhibited JAK1/STAT3 signalling pathway activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The expression of P. gingivalis, CXCL2 and TANs were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in OSCC patients. A CXCL2/CXCR2 signalling axis inhibitor significantly decreased the invasion and proliferation ability of cells and the tumour volume in mice. When lentivirus was used to block the CXCL2/CXCR2 signalling axis, the activity of the JAK1/STAT3 signalling pathway was decreased, and the phenotype of EMT was reversed. CONCLUSION Porphyromonas gingivalis promotes OSCC progression by recruiting TANs via activation of the CXCL2/CXCR2 axis in the TME of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chen Guo
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, No.137, Li Yu Shan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Li Jing
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Sakendeke Jumatai
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, No.137, Li Yu Shan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Gong
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, No.137, Li Yu Shan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Oba PM, Sieja KM, Keating SCJ, Hristova T, Somrak AJ, Swanson KS. Oral Microbiota Populations of Adult Dogs Consuming Wet or Dry Foods. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6596187. [PMID: 35641105 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiota play a prominent role in canine periodontal disease and wet foods are often blamed for poor oral health, but canine oral microbial communities have been poorly studied. We aimed to determine differences in oral health measures, breath odor, and oral microbiota populations of dogs fed wet or dry food. Twelve adult dogs fed either a commercial dry (extruded) or commercial wet (canned) food for 6 wk were studied. Breath samples were measured for sulfur compounds, teeth were scored for plaque, calculus, and gingivitis by a blinded veterinary dentist, salivary pH was measured, and supragingival (SUP) and subgingival (SUB) plaque samples were collected for microbiota analysis. Plaque DNA was extracted and Illumina sequencing conducted. Phylogenetic data were analyzed using the CosmosID bioinformatics platform and SAS 9.4, with P<0.05 being significant and P<0.10 being trends. Plaque coverage tended to be higher (P<0.10) in dogs fed wet vs. dry food, but other oral health scores were not different. Dogs fed dry food had higher (P<0.05) salivary pH and lower (P<0.05) breath sulfur concentrations than those consuming wet food. Bacterial alpha diversity was higher in SUP than SUB samples, and a clear separation in beta diversity was observed between sample sites on principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plots. In SUP samples, dogs fed wet food had a higher alpha diversity than dogs fed dry food, with PCoA plots showing a separation between wet and dry food. Relative abundances of Firmicutes, Synergistetes, and 10 bacterial genera were different (P<0.05) in SUB samples of dogs fed wet vs. dry food. Relative abundances of Fusobacteria and over 20 bacterial genera were different (P<0.05) in SUP samples of dogs fed wet vs. dry food. In general, oral health-associated bacterial taxa (Pasteurella, Capnocytophaga, Corynebacterium) were higher, while bacteria associated with poor oral health (Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Filifactor alocis, Treponema medium, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas canoris, Porphyromonas gingivalis) were lower in dogs fed dry food. Such shifts in the oral microbiota may impact periodontal disease risk, but longer dietary intervention studies are required to confirm their role in the disease process. Our results suggest that dogs fed dry extruded foods have lower breath odor and tooth plaque buildup and an oral microbiota population more closely associated with oral health than dogs fed wet canned foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M Oba
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Kelly M Sieja
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Stephanie C J Keating
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Teodora Hristova
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Amy J Somrak
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL 61801 USA.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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Proteomic Characterization of the Oral Pathogen Filifactor alocis Reveals Key Inter-Protein Interactions of Its RTX Toxin: FtxA. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050590. [PMID: 35631111 PMCID: PMC9145396 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Filifactor alocis is a Gram-positive asaccharolytic, obligate anaerobic rod that has been isolated from a variety of oral infections including periodontitis, peri-implantitis, and odontogenic abscesses. As a newly emerging pathogen, its type strain has been investigated for pathogenic properties, yet little is known about its virulence variations among strains. We previously screened the whole genome of nine clinical oral isolates and a reference strain of F. alocis, and they expressed a novel RTX toxin, FtxA. In the present study, we aimed to use label-free quantification proteomics to characterize the full proteome of those ten F. alocis strains. A total of 872 proteins were quantified, and 97 among them were differentially expressed in FtxA-positive strains compared with the negative strains. In addition, 44 of these differentially expressed proteins formed 66 pairs of associations based on their predicted functions, which included clusters of proteins with DNA repair/mediated transformation and catalytic activity-related function, indicating different biosynthetic activities among strains. FtxA displayed specific interactions with another six intracellular proteins, forming a functional cluster that could discriminate between FtxA-producing and non-producing strains. Among them were FtxB and FtxD, predicted to be encoded by the same operon as FtxA. While revealing the broader qualitative and quantitative proteomic landscape of F. alocis, this study also sheds light on the deeper functional inter-relationships of FtxA, thus placing this RTX family member into context as a major virulence factor of this species.
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10
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Food Neophobia and scarce olfactory performances are linked to oral microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111092. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Miralda I, Vashishta A, Rogers MN, Lamont RJ, Uriarte SM. The emerging oral pathogen, Filifactor alocis, extends the functional lifespan of human neutrophil. Mol Microbiol 2022; 117:1340-1351. [PMID: 35437843 PMCID: PMC9233153 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory infectious disease that affects the integrity of tooth‐supporting tissues and has adverse systemic consequences. Advances in sequencing technologies have uncovered organisms that are exclusively found in high numbers in periodontal lesions, such as the gram‐positive anaerobic rod, Filifactor alocis. F. alocis can manipulate neutrophil effector functions, which allows the organism to survive within these granulocytes. Several neutrophil functions have been tested in the context of F. alocis challenge, but the effect of the organism on neutrophil apoptosis is still unknown. RNA sequencing of human neutrophils challenged with F. alocis showed that apoptosis pathways were differentially regulated. Compared to media‐cultured controls, F. alocis‐challenged neutrophils maintain their nuclear morphology, do not stain for Annexin V or 7‐AAD, and have decreased DNA fragmentation. Inhibition of apoptosis by F. alocis involved reduced caspase‐3, −8, and − 9 activation and upregulation of important anti‐apoptotic proteins. Prolonged lifespan was dependent on contact through TLR2/6, and F. alocis‐challenged neutrophils retained their functional capacity to induce inflammation for longer timepoints. This is the first in‐depth characterization of neutrophil apoptotic programs in response to an oral pathogen and provides key information on how bacteria manipulate immune cell mechanisms to maintain a dysregulated inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Miralda
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Present address: Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aruna Vashishta
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Max N Rogers
- School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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12
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Shen W, Tang D, Wan P, Peng Z, Sun M, Guo X, Liu R. Identification of tissue-specific microbial profile of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by full-length 16S rDNA sequencing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3215-3229. [PMID: 35435458 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It was previously believed that the microbial community in the esophagus was relatively stable, but it has been reported that different esophageal diseases have different microbial community characteristics. In this study, we recruited patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and collected 51 pairs of tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues for full-length 16S rDNAsequencing and qPCR to compare the differences in microbial community structure. The results of sequencing in 19 pairs of tissues showed that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, and Actinobacteria were the main bacteria in tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues. At the genus level, the bacteria with the highest relative proportion in tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues were Streptococcus and Labrys, respectively. At the same time, it was observed that the complexity of microbial interactions in tumor tissues was weaker than that of adjacent non-tumor tissues. The results also found that the relative abundance of 24 taxa was statistically different between tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues. The findings of qPCR in 32 pairs of tissues further evidence that the relative proportions of Blautia, Treponema, Lactobacillus murinus, Peptoanaerobacter stomatis, and Fusobacteria periodonticum were statistically different in tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues. The findings of PIRCUSt2 indicated the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and biotin metabolism in the microbiome of cancer tissues are more significant. This study supplements the existing information on the structure, function, and interaction of microorganisms in the esophagus in situ and provides a direction for the further exploration of the relationship between esophageal in situ microorganisms and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. KEY POINTS: • The structure of the microbial community in esophageal cancer tissue and adjacent non-tumor tissues at the phylum level is similar • Streptococcus and Labrys are the most important bacteria in esophageal tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues, respectively • Microbial interactions in tumor tissues are stronger than in adjacent non-tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Derong Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhenyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mingjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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13
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Prucsi Z, Płonczyńska A, Potempa J, Sochalska M. Uncovering the Oral Dysbiotic Microbiota as Masters of Neutrophil Responses in the Pathobiology of Periodontitis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:729717. [PMID: 34707586 PMCID: PMC8542842 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.729717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous bacterial species participate in the shift of the oral microbiome from beneficial to dysbiotic. The biggest challenge lying ahead of microbiologists, immunologists and dentists is the fact that the bacterial species act differently, although usually synergistically, on the host immune cells, including neutrophils, and on the surrounding tissues, making the investigation of single factors challenging. As biofilm is a complex community, the members interact with each other, which can be a key issue in future studies designed to develop effective treatments. To understand how a patient gets to the stage of the late-onset (previously termed chronic) periodontitis or develops other, in some cases life-threatening, diseases, it is crucial to identify the microbial composition of the biofilm and the mechanisms behind its pathogenicity. The members of the red complex (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia) have long been associated as the cause of periodontitis and stayed in the focus of research. However, novel techniques, such as 16S clonal analysis, demonstrated that the oral microbiome diversity is greater than ever expected and it opened a new era in periodontal research. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge concerning bacterial participation beyond P. gingivalis and the red complex in periodontal inflammation mediated by neutrophils and to spread awareness about the associated diseases and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsombor Prucsi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Płonczyńska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Oral Immunity and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Maja Sochalska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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14
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Ma L, Cao Z. Membrane vesicles from periodontal pathogens and their potential roles in periodontal disease and systemic illnesses. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:646-655. [PMID: 33826135 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontium is an ordered ecological system where a dynamic equilibrium exists between oral microorganisms and the host defense system, and periodontal disease occurs whenever the balance is broken. Periodontal pathogens mainly include gram-negative anaerobic bacteria and emerging gram-positive microbes, which have a large variety of virulence factors and influence disease initiation and progression. Recently, different types of bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs), formed by bubbling of membrane materials from living cells or in conditions of endolysin-triggered cell death, have gained interests as a novel virulence factor for periodontopathogens. MVs load multiple sorted cargo molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and genetic materials, and actively participate in toxin transport, signal delivery, and periodontal disease pathogenesis. Since periodontitis is recognized as a risk factor for many systemic diseases, periodontal MVs could work as a bridge for periodontal diseases and systemic illnesses. Furthermore, MVs with unique nature and advantages are promising candidates as vaccines and drug delivery vehicles. In this review, we provided an overview of different types and compositions of periodontal MVs, described their involvements in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and several general diseases, and discussed potential applications of periodontal MVs in vaccination and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST KLOS) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBME), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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15
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Guo ZC, Jumatai S, Jing SL, Hu LL, Jia XY, Gong ZC. Bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry analyses of expression levels and clinical significance of CXCL2 and TANs in an oral squamous cell carcinoma tumor microenvironment of Prophyromonas gingivalis infection. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:189. [PMID: 33574928 PMCID: PMC7816391 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to detect the immunoexpression and clinical significance of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The immunoexpression of P. gingivalis in OSCC tissues was detected via immunohistochemistry (IHC) after P. gingivalis was infected into the TME of OSCC. To identify the differentially expressed genes in the carcinogenesis and progression of OSCC with P. gingivalis infection, microarray datasets (GSE87539 and GSE138206) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The immunoexpression levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) were also evaluated via IHC, and the immunoexpression levels of all three clinical variables were analyzed using χ2 or Fisher's exact tests. The survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the survival curves were compared using log-rank tests. Predominantly strong immunoexpression of P. gingivalis was identified in OSCC samples. CXCL2 was considered to be a differential gene in the two datasets. Immunoexpression of P. gingivalis was positively associated with CXCL2 and TANs expression. Furthermore, P. gingivalis was associated with survival status (P<0.001) and differentiation (P<0.001). CXCL2 was associated with age (P=0.038) and survival status (P=0.003), while TANs were associated with T stage (P=0.015) and clinical stage (P=0.002). These clinical variables were considered to be independent risk factors for the poor prognosis of patients with OSCC. Collectively, the results suggested that the immunoexpression of P. gingivalis may be positively associated with CXCL2 and TANs. In addition, the strong immunoexpression levels of P. gingivalis, CXCL2 and TANs may be associated with a poor prognosis in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chen Guo
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Sakendeke Jumatai
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Si-Li Jing
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Lu-Lu Hu
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Jia
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Gong
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China.,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 830054, P.R. China
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16
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Miralda I, Uriarte SM. Periodontal Pathogens' strategies disarm neutrophils to promote dysregulated inflammation. Mol Oral Microbiol 2020; 36:103-120. [PMID: 33128827 PMCID: PMC8048607 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an irreversible, chronic inflammatory disease where inflammophilic pathogenic microbial communities accumulate in the gingival crevice. Neutrophils are a major component of the innate host response against bacterial challenge, and under homeostatic conditions, their microbicidal functions typically protect the host against periodontitis. However, a number of periodontal pathogens developed survival strategies to evade neutrophil microbicidal functions while promoting inflammation, which provides a source of nutrients for bacterial growth. Research on periodontal pathogens has largely focused on a few established species: Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. However, advances in culture-independent techniques have facilitated the identification of new bacterial species in periodontal lesions, such as the two Gram-positive anaerobes, Filifactor alocis and Peptoanaerobacter stomatis, whose characterization of pathogenic potential has not been fully described. Additionally, there is not a full understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms used against neutrophils by organisms that are abundant in periodontal lesions. This presents a substantial barrier to the development of new approaches to prevent or ameliorate the disease. In this review, we first summarize the neutrophil functions affected by the established periodontal pathogens listed above, denoting unknown areas that still merit a closer look. Then, we review the literature on neutrophil functions and the emerging periodontal pathogens, F. alocis and P. stomatis, comparing the effects of the emerging microbes to that of established pathogens, and speculate on the contribution of these putative pathogens to the progression of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Miralda
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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17
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Oscarsson J, Claesson R, Bao K, Brundin M, Belibasakis GN. Phylogenetic Analysis of Filifactor alocis Strains Isolated from Several Oral Infections Identified a Novel RTX Toxin, FtxA. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12110687. [PMID: 33143036 PMCID: PMC7692872 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Filifactor alocis is a Gram-positive asaccharolytic, obligate anaerobic rod of the phylum Firmicutes, and is considered an emerging pathogen in various oral infections, including periodontitis. We here aimed to perform phylogenetic analysis of a genome-sequenced F. alocis type strain (ATCC 35896; CCUG 47790), as well as nine clinical oral strains that we have independently isolated and sequenced, for identification and deeper characterization of novel genomic elements of virulence in this species. We identified that 60% of the strains carried a gene encoding a hitherto unrecognized member of the large repeats-in-toxins (RTX) family, which we have designated as FtxA. The clinical infection origin of the ftxA-positive isolates largely varied. However, according to MLST, a clear monophylogeny was reveled for all ftxA-positive strains, along with a high co-occurrence of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh)-positivity. Cloning and expression of ftxA in E. coli, and purification of soluble FtxA yielded a protein of the predicted molecular size of approximately 250 kDa. Additional functional and proteomics analyses using both the recombinant protein and the ftxA-positive, and -negative isolates may reveal a possible role and mechanism(s) of FtxA in the virulence properties of F.alocis, and whether the gene might be a candidate diagnostic marker for more virulent strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Oscarsson
- Division of Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
- Correspondence:
| | - Rolf Claesson
- Division of Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Kai Bao
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden; (K.B.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Malin Brundin
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden; (K.B.); (G.N.B.)
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18
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Song MK, Kim HY, Choi BK, Kim HH. Filifactor alocis-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit osteogenesis through TLR2 signaling. Mol Oral Microbiol 2020; 35:202-210. [PMID: 33044804 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Filifactor alocis, an asaccharolytic anaerobic Gram-positive rod (AAGPR), is an emerging marker of periodontitis. Severe periodontitis causes destruction of the alveolar bone that supports teeth and can even lead to tooth loss. Based on our previous report that F. alocis-derived extracellular vesicles (FA EVs) contain various effector molecules and have immunostimulatory activity, we investigated the effect of FA EVs on osteogenesis using mouse bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs). FA EVs dramatically inhibited bone mineralization similar to whole bacteria and reduced the expression levels of osteogenic marker genes. The osteogenic differentiation of TLR2-deficient BMSCs was not inhibited by FA EVs, suggesting that their inhibitory effect on osteogenesis is dependent on TLR2 signaling. FA EVs effectively activated TLR2 downstream signaling of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. In addition, FA EVs regulated RANKL and OPG gene expression, increasing the RANKL/OPG ratio in BMSCs in a TLR2-dependent manner. Our study suggests that F. alocis-derived EVs interfere with bone metabolism via TLR2 activation, providing insight into the pathogenesis of bone loss associated with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyoung Song
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, BK21 Program and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong-Kyu Choi
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Kim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, BK21 Program and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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19
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Miralda I, Vashishta A, Rogers MN, Rouchka EC, Li X, Waigel S, Lamont RJ, Uriarte SM. Whole Transcriptome Analysis Reveals That Filifactor alocis Modulates TNFα-Stimulated MAPK Activation in Human Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2020; 11:497. [PMID: 32373107 PMCID: PMC7179764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an irreversible, bacteria-induced, chronic inflammatory disease that compromises the integrity of tooth-supporting tissues and adversely affects systemic health. As the immune system's first line of defense against bacteria, neutrophils use their microbicidal functions in the oral cavity to protect the host against periodontal disease. However, periodontal pathogens have adapted to resist neutrophil microbicidal mechanisms while still propagating inflammation, which provides essential nutrients for the bacteria to proliferate and cause disease. Advances in sequencing technologies have recognized several newly appreciated bacteria associated with periodontal lesions such as the Gram-positive anaerobic rod, Filifactor alocis. With the discovery of these oral bacterial species, there is also a growing need to assess their pathogenic potential and determine their contribution to disease progression. Currently, few studies have addressed the pathogenic mechanisms used by oral bacteria to manipulate the neutrophil functional responses at the level of the transcriptome. Thus, this study aims to characterize the global changes at the gene expression level in human neutrophils during infection with F. alocis. Our results indicate that the challenge of human neutrophils with F. alocis results in the differential expression of genes involved in multiple neutrophil effector functions such as chemotaxis, cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways, and apoptosis. Moreover, F. alocis challenges affected the expression of components from the TNF and MAPK kinase signaling pathways. This resulted in transient, dampened p38 MAPK activation by secondary stimuli TNFα but not by fMLF. Functionally, the F. alocis-mediated inhibition of p38 activation by TNFα resulted in decreased cytokine production but had no effect on the priming of the respiratory burst response or the delay of apoptosis by TNFα. Since the modulatory effect was characteristic of viable F. alocis only, we propose this as one of F. alocis' mechanisms to control neutrophils and their functional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Miralda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Aruna Vashishta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Max N Rogers
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Xiaohong Li
- KBRIN Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Sabine Waigel
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Genomics Facility, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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20
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Gan JC, Zhao JJ, Hu YT, Dai Y. A New Ni(II)-Containing Coordination Complex Based on the Multiple N-Donor Ligand: Crystal Structure and Application of its Nanoparticle as a P. gingivalis Biofilm Inhibitor for Periodontitis Treatment. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476620020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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21
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Kim HY, Lim Y, An S, Choi B. Characterization and immunostimulatory activity of extracellular vesicles from
Filifactor alocis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2019; 35:1-9. [DOI: 10.1111/omi.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology School of Dentistry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Younggap Lim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology School of Dentistry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sun‐Jin An
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology School of Dentistry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Bong‐Kyu Choi
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology School of Dentistry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
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22
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Miralda I, Vashishta A, Uriarte SM. Neutrophil Interaction with Emerging Oral Pathogens: A Novel View of the Disease Paradigm. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1197:165-178. [PMID: 31732941 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-28524-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory infectious disease that compromises the integrity of tooth-supporting tissues. The disease progression depends on the disruption of host-microbe homeostasis in the periodontal tissue. This disruption is marked by a shift in the composition of the polymicrobial oral community from a symbiotic to a dysbiotic, more complex community that is capable of evading killing while promoting inflammation. Neutrophils are the main phagocytic cell in the periodontal pocket, and the outcome of the interaction with the oral microbiota is an important determinant of oral health. Novel culture-independent techniques have facilitated the identification of new bacterial species at periodontal lesions and induced a reappraisal of the microbial etiology of periodontitis. In this chapter, we discuss how neutrophils interact with two emerging oral pathogens, Filifactor alocis and Peptoanaerobacter stomatis, and the different strategies deploy by these organisms to modulate neutrophil effector functions, with the goal to outline a new paradigm in our knowledge about neutrophil responses to putative periodontal pathogens and their contribution to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Miralda
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Aruna Vashishta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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