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Rodrigues Toledo C, Tantawy AA, Lima Fuscaldi L, Malavolta L, de Aguiar Ferreira C. EGFR- and Integrin α Vβ 3-Targeting Peptides as Potential Radiometal-Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals for Cancer Theranostics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8553. [PMID: 39126121 PMCID: PMC11313252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The burgeoning field of cancer theranostics has witnessed advancements through the development of targeted molecular agents, particularly peptides. These agents exploit the overexpression or mutations of specific receptors, such as the Epidermal Growth Factor receptor (EGFR) and αVβ3 integrin, which are pivotal in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Despite the extensive research into and promising outcomes associated with antibody-based therapies, peptides offer a compelling alternative due to their smaller size, ease of modification, and rapid bioavailability, factors which potentially enhance tumor penetration and reduce systemic toxicity. However, the application of peptides in clinical settings has challenges. Their lower binding affinity and rapid clearance from the bloodstream compared to antibodies often limit their therapeutic efficacy and diagnostic accuracy. This overview sets the stage for a comprehensive review of the current research landscape as it relates to EGFR- and integrin αVβ3-targeting peptides. We aim to delve into their synthesis, radiolabeling techniques, and preclinical and clinical evaluations, highlighting their potential and limitations in cancer theranostics. This review not only synthesizes the extant literature to outline the advancements in peptide-based agents targeting EGFR and integrin αVβ3 but also identifies critical gaps that could inform future research directions. By addressing these gaps, we contribute to the broader discourse on enhancing the diagnostic precision and therapeutic outcomes of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Rodrigues Toledo
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (C.R.T.); (A.A.T.)
| | - Ahmed A. Tantawy
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (C.R.T.); (A.A.T.)
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Leonardo Lima Fuscaldi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil; (L.L.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Luciana Malavolta
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo 01221-020, Brazil; (L.L.F.); (L.M.)
| | - Carolina de Aguiar Ferreira
- The Institute for Quantitative Health Science & Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (C.R.T.); (A.A.T.)
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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2
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Mendonça FF, Sobral DV, Durante ACR, Miranda ACC, Mejia J, de Paula Faria D, Marques FLN, de Barboza MF, Fuscaldi LL, Malavolta L. Assessment of bioactive peptides derived from laminin-111 as prospective breast cancer-targeting agents. Amino Acids 2024; 56:1. [PMID: 38285098 PMCID: PMC10824877 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a pressing public health issue primarily affecting women. Recent research has spotlighted bioactive peptides derived from laminin-111, implicated in breast tumor development. Remarkably, the sequences IKVAV, YIGSR, and KAFDITYVRLKF from the α1, β1, and γ1 chains, respectively, have garnered significant attention. This study aims to assess the potential of these radiolabeled peptides as targeting agents for breast cancer. The three peptides were synthesized using the Fmoc strategy, purified via reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and characterized through mass spectrometry. Iodine-131 (131I) radiolabeling was performed using the chloramine T method, exhibiting high radiochemical yield and stability for [131I]I-YIKVAV and [131I]I-YIGSR. Conversely, [131I]I-KAFDITYVRLKF demonstrated low radiochemical yield and stability and was excluded from the biological studies. The lipophilicity of the compounds ranged from - 2.12 to - 1.10. Serum protein binding assay for [131I]I-YIKVAV and [131I]I-YIGSR reached ≅ 48% and ≅ 25%, respectively. Affinity for breast cancer cells was evaluated using MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 tumor cell lines, indicating the affinity of the radiopeptides with these tumor cells. Ex vivo biodistribution profiles of the radiopeptides were assessed in the MDA-MB-231 breast tumor animal model, revealing tumor tissue accumulation, supported by a high tumor-to-contralateral muscle ratio and autoradiography. These results signify the effective penetration of YIKVAV and YIGSR into tumor tissue. Therefore, the synthesized α1 and β1 peptide fragments exhibit favorable characteristics as potential breast cancer-targeting agents, promising future exploration as radiopharmaceuticals for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Ferreira Mendonça
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Rua Dr. Cesareo Motta Jr. 61, Sao Paulo, CEP 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Danielle Vieira Sobral
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Rua Dr. Cesareo Motta Jr. 61, Sao Paulo, CEP 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Ranucci Durante
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Rua Dr. Cesareo Motta Jr. 61, Sao Paulo, CEP 01221-020, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Mejia
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, 05521-200, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Paula Faria
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM-43), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Fabio Luiz Navarro Marques
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM-43), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Lima Fuscaldi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Rua Dr. Cesareo Motta Jr. 61, Sao Paulo, CEP 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Luciana Malavolta
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Rua Dr. Cesareo Motta Jr. 61, Sao Paulo, CEP 01221-020, Brazil.
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3
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Dawood DH, Sayed MM, Tohamy STK, Nossier ES. New Thiophenyl-pyrazolyl-thiazole Hybrids as DHFR Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, Molecular Modeling, and Biodistribution Studies. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:39250-39268. [PMID: 37901585 PMCID: PMC10600881 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The antibiotic resistance problems constitute a considerable threat to human health worldwide; thus, the discovery of new antimicrobial candidates to conquer this issue is an imperative requirement. From this view, new thiophenyl-pyrazolyl-thiazole hybrids 3-10 were synthesized and screened for their antibacterial efficiency versus Gram - and Gram + bacterial strains compared to the reference drug amoxicillin. It was noticed that the new hybrids displayed significant antibacterial efficacy versus Gram - bacteria, especially against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Also, all the screened candidates demonstrated a noticeable antifungal effect against Candida albicans (MICs = 3.9-125 μg/mL) relative to fluconazole (MIC = 250 μg/mL). Moreover, the new hybrids were investigated for their antituberculosis potency against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (RCMB 010126). Derivatives 4c, 6b, 8b, 9b, and 10b demonstrated prominent antituberculosis efficiency (MICs = 0.12-1.95 μg/mL) compared with the reference drug isoniazid (MIC = 0.12 μg/mL). The latter derivatives were further assessed for their inhibitory potency versus M. tuberculosis DHFR enzyme. The compounds 4c, 6b and 10b presented a remarkable suppression effect with IC50 values of 4.21, 5.70, and 10.59 μM, respectively, compared to that of trimethoprim (IC50 = 6.23 μM). Furthermore, biodistribution profile using radiolabeling way revealed a perceived uptake of 131I-compound 6b into infection induced models. The docking study for the new hybrids 4c, 6b, 8b, 9b and 10b was performed to illustrate the various binding modes with Mtb DHFR enzyme. In silico ADMET studies for the most potent inhibitors 4c, 6b and 10b were also accomplished to predict their pharmacokinetic and physicochemical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina H. Dawood
- Chemistry
of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug
Industries Research Institute, National
Research Centre, 33 El
Bohouth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Manal M. Sayed
- Labeled
Compounds Department, Hot Labs.center, Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), P.O.
Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally T. K. Tohamy
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Eman S. Nossier
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of
Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
- The
National Committee of Drugs, Academy of
Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo 11516, Egypt
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4
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Fuscaldi LL, Sobral DV, Durante ACR, Mendonça FF, Miranda ACC, Salgueiro C, de Castiglia SG, Yamaga LYI, da Cunha ML, Malavolta L, de Barboza MF, Mejia J. Radiochemical and biological assessments of a PSMA-I&S cold kit for fast and inexpensive 99mTc-labeling for SPECT imaging and radioguided surgery in prostate cancer. Front Chem 2023; 11:1271176. [PMID: 37901160 PMCID: PMC10602725 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1271176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is upregulated in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and PSMA-ligands have been radiolabeled and used as radiopharmaceuticals for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging, and radioguided surgery in PCa patients. Herein, we aimed at radiolabeling the PSMA-I&S cold kit with 99mTc, resulting in a radiopharmaceutical with high radiochemical yield (RCY) and stability for SPECT imaging and radioguided surgery in PCa malignancies. Various pre-clinical assays were conducted to evaluate the [99mTc]Tc-PSMA-I&S obtained by the cold kit. These assays included assessments of RCY, radiochemical stability in saline, lipophilicity, serum protein binding (SPB), affinity for LNCaP-PCa cells (binding and internalization studies), and ex vivo biodistribution profile in naive and LNCaP-PCa-bearing mice. The radiopharmaceutical was obtained with good RCY (92.05% ± 2.20%) and remained stable for 6 h. The lipophilicity was determined to be -2.41 ± 0.06, while the SPB was ∼97%. The binding percentages to LNCaP cells were 9.41% ± 0.57% (1 h) and 10.45% ± 0.45% (4 h), with 63.12 ± 0.93 (1 h) and 65.72% ± 1.28% (4 h) of the bound material being internalized. Blocking assays, employing an excess of unlabeled PSMA-I&S, resulted in a reduction in the binding percentage by 2.6 times. The ex vivo biodistribution profile confirmed high accumulation of [99mTc]Tc-PSMA-I&S in the tumor and the tumor-to-contralateral muscle ratio was ∼6.5. In conclusion, [99mTc]Tc-PSMA-I&S was successfully obtained by radiolabeling the cold kit using freshly eluted [99mTc]NaTcO4, exhibiting good RCY and radiochemical stability. The preclinical assays demonstrated that the radiopharmaceutical shows favorable characteristics for SPECT imaging and radioguided surgery in PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Lima Fuscaldi
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle Vieira Sobral
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Ferreira Mendonça
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Salgueiro
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Kennedy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Luciana Malavolta
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Mejia
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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5
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Mansour B, Salem YA, Attallah KM, El-kawy OA, Ibrahim IT, Abdel-Aziz NI. Cyanopyridinone- and Cyanopyridine-Based Cancer Cell Pim-1 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Radiolabeling, Biodistribution, and Molecular Modeling Simulation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19351-19366. [PMID: 37305261 PMCID: PMC10249106 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two new series of 3-cyanopyridinones (3a-e) and 3-cyanopyridines (4a-e) were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity and Pim-1 kinase inhibitory activity adopting 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and in vitro Pim-1 kinase inhibition assay, respectively. Most of the tested compounds revealed promising cytotoxicity against HepG-2, HCT-116, MCF-7, and PC-3 cell lines. Among them, compounds 4c and 4d showed more potent cytotoxicity against the HePG2 cell line with IC50 = 8.02 ± 0.38 and 6.95 ± 0.34 μM, respectively, than that of the reference 5-FU (IC50 = 9.42 ± 0.46 μM). Moreover, compound 4c was more potent against HCT-116 (IC50 = 7.15 ± 0.35 μM) than 5-FU (IC50 = 8.01 ± 0.39 μM), while compound 4d with IC50 = 8.35 ± 0.42 μM displayed comparable activity to that of the reference drug. Furthermore, high cytotoxic activity was manifested by compounds 4c and 4d against MCF-7 and PC3 cell lines. Our results have also indicated that compounds 4b, 4c, and 4d elicited remarkable inhibition of Pim-1 kinase; 4b and 4c showed equipotent inhibitory activity to that of the reference quercetagetin. Meanwhile, 4d displayed IC50 = 0.46 ± 0.02 μM, showed the best inhibitory activity among the tested compounds, and was more potent than quercetagetin (IC50 = 0.56 ± 0.03 μM). For optimization of the results, docking study of the most potent compounds 4c and 4d in the Pim-1 kinase active site was carried out and compared with both quercetagetin and the reported Pim-1 inhibitor A (VRV), and the results were consistent with those of the biological study. Consequently, compounds 4c and 4d are worthy of further investigations toward the discovery of Pim-1 kinase inhibitors as drug candidates for cancer therapy. Compound 4b was successfully radiolabeled with radioiodine-131, and its biodistribution in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice showed more observable uptake in tumor sites, and hence, it can be introduced as a new radiolabeled agent for tumor imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basem Mansour
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Yomna A. Salem
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University − Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41636, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Attallah
- Labeled
Compound Department, Hot Lab Center, Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - O. A. El-kawy
- Labeled
Compound Department, Hot Lab Center, Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - Ismail T. Ibrahim
- Labeled
Compound Department, Hot Lab Center, Egyptian
Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 13759, Egypt
| | - Naglaa I. Abdel-Aziz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Dakahlia, Egypt
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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6
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Daruwati I, Gwiharto AK, Wongso H, Achmad TH, Syaifudin M, Muchtaridi M. Method development, validation, and impurity measurement of β-estradiol from radiolabeled [ 131I]β-estradiol using radio-high-performance liquid chromatography for radioligand of saturation binding assay. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:105-112. [PMID: 37255880 PMCID: PMC10226700 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_624_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
β-estradiol is an estrogen steroid hormone and acts as an estrogen receptor agonist. Radiolabeled β-estradiol is widely used as a radioligand for binding assays. In this present study, the synthesis of [131I]β-estradiol has been successfully carried out. Accordingly, the measurement of the radiochemical purity (RCP) value and the presence of chemical impurities are needed. To validate the method for identifying the RCP and chemical impurities from [131I]β-estradiol using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The synthesis of [131I]β-estradiol was accomplished by a radioiodination reaction, and the RCP was determined by radio-HPLC. The method for β-estradiol measurement was validated by reversed-phase HPLC radio-analytical employing ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and radioactive detector. The method for radio-HPLC analysis was validated and established using a C-18 column and MeCN: H2O (55:45 v/v) as the mobile phase. The following conditions were applied: a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, isocratic, and a UV-Vis detector at 280 nm. The RCP of [131I]β-estradiol measured by thin-layer chromatography and radio-HPLC was 99.27% ± 1.25% and 95.75% ± 2.41%, respectively. The validation parameters were appropriate and met the requirements for acceptance. HPLC analysis was able to identify the presence of unlabeled estradiol (24.51%-27.29%) in the mixture of [131I]β-estradiol. As a result, purification using preparative HPLC or other methods will be required in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isti Daruwati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceutical, and Biodosimetry Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Banten, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Abednego Kristande Gwiharto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Hendris Wongso
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceutical, and Biodosimetry Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Banten, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Tri Hanggono Achmad
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Mukh Syaifudin
- Research Center for Radioisotope, Radiopharmaceutical, and Biodosimetry Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Banten, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia
- Research Collaboration Center for Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jatinangor, Indonesia
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7
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Ye J, Yang W, Xie Z, Yan Y, Li G, Li G, Li X, Ma W, Kang F, Zhang M, Wang J. Safety, Biodistribution, and Dosimetry Study of Meplazumab, a Potential COVID-19 Therapeutic Drug, with 131I-Labeling and SPECT Imaging. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1750-1757. [PMID: 36668905 PMCID: PMC9885528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious threat to public health and is in urgent need of specific drugs. Meplazumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD147, was confirmed to competitively block the binding between the spike of syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and CD147, making meplazumab a promising candidate drug for COVID-19. In this study, biodistribution and dosimetry of 131I-labeled meplazumab were performed to further evaluate its potential as a therapeutic drug for COVID-19. 131I-meplazumab was both safe and tolerant in mice and healthy volunteers. A biodistribution study was performed in normal mice, and blood samples were used for pharmacokinetic analysis. Three healthy volunteers were included and subjected to single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of 131I-meplazumab within 2 weeks. The distribution in mice and humans was consistent with the in vivo distribution of CD147. Biodistribution and SPECT imaging results exhibited that the liver was the organ with the highest uptake for both mice and humans. Deiodination of 131I-meplazumab can be observed in vivo, and taking Lugol's solution can protect the thyroid gland effectively. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of 131I-meplazumab in mice and humans best fit the two-compartment model. The clearance half-life (T1/2β) in mice and humans was 117.4 and 223.5 h, respectively. The results indicated that its pharmacokinetic properties in vivo were ideal. The effective dose calculated from healthy volunteers was 0.811 ± 0.260 mSv·MBq-1, which was twice the value calculated from mice. It was safe and feasible to perform human clinical imaging experiments using a diagnostic dose of 131I-meplazumab after thyroid closure by Lugol's solution. This study will provide more experimental basis for advancing the clinical translation of meplazumab and will be valuable in evaluating therapeutic interventions for patients with COVID-19, as well as providing a reference for clinical translation studies of other antibody drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhaojuan Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Yuhao Yan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Guoquan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Guiyu Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Wenhui Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Mingru Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital,
Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi710032, China
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8
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Di Nitto C, Neri D, Weiss T, Weller M, De Luca R. Design and Characterization of Novel Antibody-Cytokine Fusion Proteins Based on Interleukin-21. Antibodies (Basel) 2022; 11:antib11010019. [PMID: 35323193 PMCID: PMC8944420 DOI: 10.3390/antib11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-21 (IL21) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in the modulation of both innate and adaptive immunity. IL21 is mainly secreted by natural killer (NK) and activated CD4+ T-cells. The biology of this cytokine can be associated to proinflammatory responses reflecting its potent stimulatory activity of NK and CD8+ T-cells. Here we describe four formats of novel IL21-based antibody–cytokine fusion proteins, targeting the extra domain A (EDA) of fibronectin and explore their potential for cancer treatment. The fusion proteins were designed, expressed, and characterized. F8 in single-chain diabody (scDb) format fused to IL21 at its C-terminus exhibited a promising profile in size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and SDS-PAGE. The lead candidate was further characterized in vitro. A cell-based activity assay on murine cytotoxic T-cells showed that human IL21, compared to murine IL21 partially cross-reacted with the murine receptor. The prototype was able to recognize EDA as demonstrated by immunofluorescence analysis on tumor sections. In an in vivo quantitative biodistribution experiment, F8(scDb)-murine IL21 did not preferentially accumulate at the site of disease after intravenous injection, suggesting that additional protein engineering would be required to improve the tumor-homing properties of IL21-based product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Di Nitto
- Philochem AG, 8112 Otelfingen, Switzerland; (C.D.N.); (D.N.)
| | - Dario Neri
- Philochem AG, 8112 Otelfingen, Switzerland; (C.D.N.); (D.N.)
- Philogen SpA, Piazza la Lizza 7, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Tobias Weiss
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.W.); (M.W.)
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (T.W.); (M.W.)
- Clinical Neuroscience Center, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto De Luca
- Philochem AG, 8112 Otelfingen, Switzerland; (C.D.N.); (D.N.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Plhak E, Gößnitzer E, Aigner RM, Kvaternik H. Radioiodination and Purification of [131I]β-CIT and [131I]FP-CIT with an Automated Radiosynthesizer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15010096. [PMID: 35056152 PMCID: PMC8779406 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic transporter (DAT) imaging with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is used to diagnose Parkinson’s disease and to differentiate it from other neurodegenerative disorders without presynaptic dopaminergic dysfunction. The radioiodinated tropane alkaloids [123I]FP-CIT and [123I]β-CIT enable the evaluation of the integrity of DATs. Commonly, the labeling of these compounds is performed by electrophilic substitution of the alkylstannylated precursors with radioactive iodine and following purification by HPLC or solid phase extraction (SPE). This work presents the first radioiodination of β-CIT and FP-CIT with no carrier added [131I]NaI on a Scintomics GRP synthesis module. Free iodine-131 and impurities were removed by SPE over a C-18 Sep-Pak cartridge. We achieved a radiochemical yield of >75% and a radiochemical purity of >98% with both compounds. Our development of an automated synthesis on a commercially available synthesizer ensures robust and efficient labeling of [131I]FP-CIT and [131I]β-CIT starting with low concentrated radioiodine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Plhak
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (R.M.A.); (H.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1/I, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-316-385-30696
| | - Edith Gößnitzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 1/I, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Reingard M. Aigner
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (R.M.A.); (H.K.)
| | - Herbert Kvaternik
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (R.M.A.); (H.K.)
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Chloramine-T (N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide sodium salt), a versatile reagent in organic synthesis and analytical chemistry: An up to date review. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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11
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Daruwati I, Gwiharto AK, Kurniawan A, Mahendra I, Achmad TH, Syaifudin M, Muchtaridi M. Synthesis, stability, and cellular uptake of 131I-estradiol against MCF7 and T-47D human cell lines as a radioligand for binding assay. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08438. [PMID: 34901495 PMCID: PMC8637476 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol is a steroid hormone that works as an agonist estrogen receptor (ER). This compound is widely used as a ligand and bind specifically to the ERα. Radioligand binding assay is an in vitro method for drug development from natural products by synthesizing estradiol through radiolabeling using the radioiodination method. Synthesis of 131I-estradiol was perfomed by direct method using chloramine T as an oxidizer and by indirect labeling using 131I-histamine. The purity of chemical was determined by thin-layer chromatography and paper electrophoresis, as well as its stability for 30 days of storage in refrigerator, freezer and room temperature. The cellular uptake test of the radioligands from both methods was carried out with MCF7 and T-47D cell lines at 60 min. The results exhibited that 131I-estradiol was succesfully obtained with radiochemical purity greater than 95% and more stable in the refrigerator until 21 days than freezer and room temperature. 131I-estradiol and 131I-his-estradiol were internalized higher in T-47D cells than MCF7 cells (44.34 ± 5.93% vs. 17.27 ± 1.71% and 45.34 ± 6.42% vs. 4.92 ± 1.59%, respectively). Furthermore, the radioligands can be used to binding assay in determining the agonist or antagonist to ER of new drugs development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isti Daruwati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
- Center for Applied Nuclear Research and Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Abednego Kristande Gwiharto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad Kurniawan
- Center for Applied Nuclear Research and Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Isa Mahendra
- Center for Applied Nuclear Research and Technology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Tri Hanggono Achmad
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
| | - Mukh Syaifudin
- Center for Research and Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, Nuclear Energy Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Center of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
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Standardization of the [ 68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 Radiolabeling Protocol in an Automatic Synthesis Module: Assessments for PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050385. [PMID: 33918987 PMCID: PMC8142994 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a glycoprotein present in the prostate, that is overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa). Recently, PSMA-directed radiopharmaceuticals have been developed, allowing the pinpointing of tumors with the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) imaging techniques. The aim of the present work was to standardize and validate an automatic synthesis module-based radiolabeling protocol for [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11, as well as to produce a radiopharmaceutical for PET imaging of PCa malignancies. [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 was evaluated to determine the radiochemical purity (RCP), stability in saline solution and serum, lipophilicity, affinity to serum proteins, binding and internalization to lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) cells, and ex vivo biodistribution in mice. The radiopharmaceutical was produced with an RCP of 99.06 ± 0.10%, which was assessed with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The product was stable in saline solution for up to 4 h (RCP > 98%) and in serum for up to 1 h (RCP > 95%). The lipophilicity was determined as -3.80 ± 0.15, while the serum protein binding (SPB) was <17%. The percentages of binding to LNCaP cells were 4.07 ± 0.51% (30 min) and 4.56 ± 0.46% (60 min), while 19.22 ± 2.73% (30 min) and 16.85 ± 1.34% (60 min) of bound material was internalized. High accumulation of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 was observed in the kidneys, spleen, and tumor, with a tumor-to-contralateral-muscle ratio of >8.5 and a tumor-to-blood ratio of >3.5. In conclusion, an automatic synthesis module-based radiolabeling protocol for [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 was standardized and the product was evaluated, thus verifying its characteristics for PET imaging of PCa tumors in a clinical environment.
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Qian Y, Liu Q, Li P, Han Y, Zhang J, Xu J, Sun J, Wu A, Song S, Lu W. Highly Tumor-Specific and Long-Acting Iodine-131 Microbeads for Enhanced Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Low-Dose Radio-Chemoembolization. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2933-2946. [PMID: 33529007 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is considered the standard treatment for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Iodine-131 (131I)-labeled lipiodol TARE is an effective treatment for HCC but has been withdrawn due to its poor retention in tumor lesions and significant distribution in normal tissues with severe side effects. In this work, a highly tumor-specific 131I-TARE agent with long-time retention is developed by simply introducing tyrosine to poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) drug-eluting microbeads (Tyr-PVA-DEBs). The labeling efficiency of 131I-labeled microbeads remains above 85% in 50% serum for 31 days. Micro-single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (μSPECT/CT) evidences that the 131I-labeled microbeads accumulate in the orthotopic N1S1 hepatoma of rats for 31 days following intra-arterial injection. The cumulative radiation dose per cubic centimeter of the tumor is at least 13 678-fold higher than that of normal tissues. The highly tumor-selective radiation of the 131I-labeled microbeads allows localized delivery of 345.04 ± 139.16 Gy to the tumor following a single injection dose as low as 0.2 mCi of 131I. Moreover, the 131I-labeled microbeads are loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) through the carboxy groups on tyrosine of the polymer. The 131I-DOX-loaded microbeads present a synergetic antitumor effect without recurrence in comparison with the microbeads labeled with 131I or loading DOX alone, attributed to the sensitization of DOX to 131I-induced ionizing radiation damage to DNA under the embolization-induced hypoxia. Our results demonstrate a high tumor retention of 131I-labeled embolic agent for low-dose transarterial radio-chemoembolization (TARCE) with a synergetic therapeutic effect on treating HCC, showing potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Qian
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Qiufang Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Panli Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yaobao Han
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Jingwen Sun
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Aihua Wu
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Shaoli Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Minhang Hospital & School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
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