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Arsito PN, Waiwut P, Yenjai C, Arthan S, Monthakantirat O, Nualkaew N, Takomthong P, Boonyarat C. Multifunctional effect of flavonoids from Millettia brandisiana against Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21894. [PMID: 38106662 PMCID: PMC10722324 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and neuronal death. Fifteen flavonoids from Millettia brandisiana were evaluated for the multifunctional effect against AD pathogenesis, including butyrylcholine esterase (BuChE) inhibition, anti-amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation and neuroprotection against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) toxicity in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell. To understand the mechanism and structure-activity relationship, binding interactions between flavonoids and the BuChE and Aβ were investigated in silico. Furthermore, drug-likeness properties and ADMET parameters were evaluated in silico using SwissADME and pKCSM tools. All flavonoids exhibit a good drug-likeness profile. Six flavonoids have potency in BuChE inhibition, and four flavonoids show potency in anti-Aβ aggregation. Flavonoids with the 6″,6″-dimethylchromeno- [2″,3″:7,8]-flavone structure show a favorable multifunctional effect. In silico analysis showed that flavonoids can bind in various positions to the catalytic triad, anionic site, and acyl pocket. In Aβ1-42, potential flavonoids can attach to the central hydrophobic region and the C terminal hydrophobic and interfere with Aβ interchain hydrogen binding. When compared together, it can inhibit multifunctional action with a favorable ADMET parameter and drug-likeness profile. In addition, candidine can prevent neuronal damage in differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells induced by H2O2 in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puguh Novi Arsito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55183, Indonesia
| | - Pornthip Waiwut
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Chavi Yenjai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Supakorn Arthan
- Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon, 47000, Thailand
| | - Orawan Monthakantirat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Natsajee Nualkaew
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Ndlovu M, Serem JC, Selepe MA, Opoku AR, Bester MJ, Apostolides Z, Mosa RA. Triterpenoids from Protorhus longifolia Exhibit Hypocholesterolemic Potential via Regulation of Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Stimulation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Uptake in HepG2 Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30906-30916. [PMID: 37663489 PMCID: PMC10468762 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of hypercholesterolemia-related diseases even in the presence of the currently available cholesterol-lowering drugs indicates a need to discover new therapeutic drugs. This study aimed to investigate the hypocholesterolemic potential of two triterpenoids isolated from Protorhus longifolia stem bark. In silico techniques and in vitro enzyme assays were used to evaluate the potential inhibition of cholesterol esterase and HMG-CoA reductase by the triterpenoids (ARM-2 and RA-5). The toxicity, modulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, and associated gene expression were determined in HepG2 hepatocytes. In silico molecular docking revealed that ARM-2 compared with RA-5 has a relatively stronger binding affinity for both enzymes. Both triterpenoids further demonstrated promising in silico drug-likeness properties and favorable ADMET profiles characterized by high intestinal absorption and lack of CYP450 enzyme inhibition. The compounds further showed, to varying degrees of efficacy, inhibition of cholesterol micellization as well as both cholesterol esterase and HMG-CoA reductase activities with IC50 values ranging from 16.4 to 41.1 μM. Moreover, enhanced hepatic cellular LDL uptake and the associated upregulation of the LDL-R and SREBP-2 gene expression were observed in the triterpenoid-treated HepG2 cells. It is evident that the triterpenoids, especially ARM-2, possess hypocholesterolemic properties, and these molecules can serve as leads or structural templates for the development of new hypocholesterolemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musawenkosi Ndlovu
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - June C. Serem
- Department
of Anatomy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0007, South Africa
| | - Mamoalosi A. Selepe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Andrew R. Opoku
- Department
of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University
of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| | - Megan J. Bester
- Department
of Anatomy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0007, South Africa
| | - Zeno Apostolides
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Rebamang A. Mosa
- Department
of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
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Boonyarat C, Yenjai C, Reubroycharoen P, Chaiwiwatrakul S, Takomthong P, Pimsa P, Waiwut P. 7-Methoxyheptaphylline Enhances TRAIL-induced Apoptosis of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell via JNK-mediated DR5 Expression. Biol Pharm Bull 2023:b23-00036. [PMID: 37331805 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
A cytokine known as TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has the ability to precisely cause the death of cancer cells, while normal cells are left undisturbed. Recent studies show that certain cancer cells are sensitive to the apoptotic effect of TRAIL. In this study, HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells exposed to TRAIL were treated with heptaphylline and 7-methoxyheptaphylline from Clausena harmandiana in an effort to comprehend the mechanisms involved behind this activity. The MTT test was utilized to determine cell survival, and phase contrast microscopy was used to examine cell morphology. Through using real-time RT-PCR, Western blotting, and RT-PCR, the molecular mechanisms were investigated. According to the findings, whilst hepataphylline caused cytotoxicity in normal colon FHC cells, in comparison to healthy colon FHC cells, 7-methoxyheptaphylline inhibited cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Heptaphylline alone or in conjunction with TRAIL showed no discernible effect on TRAL-induced HT29 cell death, but 7-methoxyheptaphylline boosted caspase-3 cleavage. The study showed that the JNK pathway was responsible for the 7-methoxyheptaphylline's enhancement of the DR5 (death receptor 5) mRNA, TRAIL receptor, and protein. The results demonstrated that the 7-methoxyheptaphylline of Clausena harmandiana increased the expression of DR5 via the JNK pathway, intensifying TRAIL-induced HT29 cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chavi Yenjai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty ofScience, Khon Kaen University
| | | | - Suchada Chaiwiwatrakul
- Department of English, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University
| | | | | | - Pornthip Waiwut
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University
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4
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Plekratoke K, Boonyarat C, Monthakantirat O, Nualkaew N, Wangboonskul J, Awale S, Chulikhit Y, Daodee S, Khamphukdee C, Chaiwiwatrakul S, Waiwut P. The Effect of Ethanol Extract from Mesua ferrea Linn Flower on Alzheimer's Disease and Its Underlying Mechanism. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4063-4079. [PMID: 37232728 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of Mesua ferrea Linn flower (MFE) extract on the pathogenic cascade of Alzheimer's disease (AD) were determined by an in vitro and cell culture model in the search for a potential candidate for the treatment of AD. The 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay exhibited that the MFE extract had antioxidant activities. According to the Ellman and the thioflavin T method's result, the extracts could inhibit acetylcholinesterase and β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation. Studies on neuroprotection in cell culture found that the MFE extract could reduce the death of human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) caused by H2O2 and Aβ. Western blot analysis exhibited that the MFE extract alleviated H2O2-induced neuronal cell damage by downregulating the pro-apoptotic proteins, including cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and by enhancing the expression of anti-apoptotic markers including MCl1, BClxl, and survivin. Moreover, MFE extract inhibited the expression of APP, presenilin 1, and BACE, and increased the expression of neprilysin. In addition, the MFE extract could enhance scopolamine-induced memory deficit in mice. Overall, results showed that the MFE extract had several modes of action related to the AD pathogenesis cascade, including antioxidants, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-Aβ aggregation, and neuroprotection against oxidative stress and Aβ. Therefore, the M. ferrea L. flower might be a possibility for further development as a medication for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusawadee Plekratoke
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Natsajee Nualkaew
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Jinda Wangboonskul
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thummasart University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suresh Awale
- Division of Natural Drug Discovery, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Daodee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Charinya Khamphukdee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Suchada Chaiwiwatrakul
- Department of English, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand
| | - Pornthip Waiwut
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
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Boonyarat C, Yenjai C, Monthakantirat O, Kaewamatawong R, Poonsawas P, Wangboonskul J, Chaiwiwatrakul S, Waiwut P. Multifunctionality of Clausena harmandiana Extract and Its Active Constituents against Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:3681-3694. [PMID: 36005148 PMCID: PMC9406758 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44080252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of the root-bark extract of Clausena harmandiana (CH) and its active constituents (nordentatin and 7-methoxyheptaphylline) on pharmacological activities regarding selected targets associated with AD, namely, its antioxidant activity, inhibition of Aβ aggregation, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and neuroprotective effects. The effect of the CH extract on the cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine was also evaluated in mice. The effects of the CH extract and its active constituents on radical scavenging, Aβ aggregation, and AChE activity were investigated with a 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay, a thioflavin-T assay, and Ellman’s method. The neuroprotective effects of the extract against hydrogen-peroxide and Aβ toxicity were evaluated with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In addition, the effects on cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine in mice were evaluated using Morris-water-maze and modified-Y-maze test models. The results of the present study demonstrate that the root-bark extract of CH shows multimodal actions relevant to the AD pathological cascade, including antioxidant effects, the inhibition of Aβ aggregation, the inhibition of AChE function, and neuroprotection against oxidative stress and Aβ toxicity. The extracts could improve both the short- and long-term memory deficits induced by scopolamine in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantana Boonyarat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chavi Yenjai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Rawiwun Kaewamatawong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
| | - Pattaporn Poonsawas
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thummasart University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jinda Wangboonskul
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thummasart University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suchada Chaiwiwatrakul
- Faculty of Humanity and Social Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand
| | - Pornthip Waiwut
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-80-8955511; Fax: +66-45-353609
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6
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Waiwut P, Kengkoom K, Pannangrong W, Musigavong N, Chheng C, Plekratoke K, Taklomthong P, Nillert N, Pitiporn S, Kwankhao P, Daodee S, Chulikhit Y, Montakantirat O, Boonyarat C. Toxicity Profiles of Kleeb Bua Daeng Formula, a Traditional Thai Medicine, and Its Protective Effects on Memory Impairment in Animals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15080988. [PMID: 36015135 PMCID: PMC9414439 DOI: 10.3390/ph15080988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Kleeb Bua Daeng (KBD) formula has long been used in Thailand as a traditional herbal medicine for promoting brain health. Our recent reports illustrated that KBD demonstrates multiple modes of action against several targets in the pathological cascade of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The main purpose of the present study was to determine the protective effect and mechanism of KBD in amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced AD rats and its toxicity profiles. Pretreatment with the KBD formula for 14 days significantly improved the short- and long-term memory performance of Aβ-induced AD rats as assessed by the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and object-recognition tests. KBD treatment increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase; reduced the malondialdehyde content, and; decreased the acetylcholinesterase activity in the rat brain. An acute toxicity test revealed that the maximum dose of 2000 mg/kg did not cause any mortality or symptoms of toxicity. An oral, subchronic toxicity assessment of KBD at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days showed no adverse effects on behavior, mortality, hematology, or serum biochemistry. Our investigations indicate that KBD is a nontoxic traditional medicine with good potential for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornthip Waiwut
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
| | - Kanchana Kengkoom
- National Laboratory Animal Centre, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Wanassanun Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Natdanai Musigavong
- Center of Evidence-Based Thai Traditional and Herbal Medicine, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Mueang Prachinburi 25000, Thailand
| | - Chantha Chheng
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kean University, Khon Kean 40002, Thailand
| | - Kusawadee Plekratoke
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kean University, Khon Kean 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Nutchareeporn Nillert
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Supaporn Pitiporn
- Center of Evidence-Based Thai Traditional and Herbal Medicine, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Mueang Prachinburi 25000, Thailand
| | - Pakakrong Kwankhao
- Center of Evidence-Based Thai Traditional and Herbal Medicine, Chao Phya Abhaibhubejhr Hospital, Mueang Prachinburi 25000, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Daodee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kean University, Khon Kean 40002, Thailand
| | - Yaowared Chulikhit
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kean University, Khon Kean 40002, Thailand
| | - Orawan Montakantirat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kean University, Khon Kean 40002, Thailand
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kean University, Khon Kean 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-81-3073313 or +66-43-202305
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7
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Gao WY, Boonyarat C, Takomthong P, Plekratoke K, Hayakawa Y, Yenjai C, Kaewamatawong R, Chaiwiwatrakul S, Waiwut P. Acridone Derivatives from Atalantia monophyla Inhibited Cancer Cell Proliferation through ERK Pathway. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123865. [PMID: 35744993 PMCID: PMC9228231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of acridone alkaloids on cancer cell lines and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The ten acridone alkaloids from Atalantia monophyla were screened for cytotoxicity against LNCaP cell lines by a WST-8 assay. Then, the most potential acridone, buxifoliadine E, was evaluated on four types of cancer cells, namely prostate cancer (LNCaP), neuroblastoma (SH SY5Y), hepatoblastoma (HepG2), and colorectal cancer (HT29). The results showed that buxifoliadine E was able to significantly inhibit the proliferation of all four types of cancer cells, having the most potent cytotoxicity against the HepG2 cell line. Western blotting analysis was performed to assess the expression of signaling proteins in the cancer cells. In HepG2 cells, buxifoliadine E induced changes in the levels of Bid as well as cleaved caspase-3 and Bax through MAPKs, including Erk and p38. Moreover, the binding interaction between buxifoliadine E and Erk was investigated by using the Autodock 4.2.6 and Discovery Studio programs. The result showed that buxifoliadine E bound at the ATP-binding site, located at the interface between the N- and C-terminal lobes of Erk2. The results of this study indicate that buxifoliadine E suppressed cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting the Erk pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yong Gao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; (W.-Y.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Chantana Boonyarat
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (C.B.); (P.T.); (K.P.)
| | - Pitchayakarn Takomthong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (C.B.); (P.T.); (K.P.)
| | - Kusawadee Plekratoke
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (C.B.); (P.T.); (K.P.)
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Chavi Yenjai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Rawiwun Kaewamatawong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; (W.-Y.G.); (R.K.)
| | - Suchada Chaiwiwatrakul
- Department of English, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani 34000, Thailand;
| | - Pornthip Waiwut
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand; (W.-Y.G.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-80-8955511; Fax: +66-45-353609
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Hangsamai N, Photai K, Mahaamnart T, Kanokmedhakul S, Kanokmedhakul K, Senawong T, Pitchuanchom S, Nontakitticharoen M. Four New Anthraquinones with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitory Activity from Ventilago denticulata Roots. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031088. [PMID: 35164356 PMCID: PMC8839831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatographic separation of the crude extracts from the roots of Ventilago denticulata led to the isolation of four new anthraquinones, ventilanones L–O (1–4), together with eight known anthraquinones (5–12). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 2D NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS), as well as comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. HDACs inhibitory activity evaluation resulted that compound 2 exhibited moderate antiproliferative activity against HeLa and A549 cell lines but nontoxic to normal cell. Molecular docking indicated the phenolic functionality of 2 plays crucial interactions with class II HDAC4 enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattika Hangsamai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (N.H.); (K.P.); (T.M.); (S.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Kanokwan Photai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (N.H.); (K.P.); (T.M.); (S.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Thidathep Mahaamnart
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (N.H.); (K.P.); (T.M.); (S.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Somdej Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (N.H.); (K.P.); (T.M.); (S.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Kwanjai Kanokmedhakul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (N.H.); (K.P.); (T.M.); (S.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Thanaset Senawong
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Siripit Pitchuanchom
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand;
| | - Mongkol Nontakitticharoen
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (N.H.); (K.P.); (T.M.); (S.K.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-43-009-700 (ext. 42174)
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Hajlaoui H, Arraouadi S, Mighri H, Ghannay S, Aouadi K, Adnan M, Elasbali AM, Noumi E, Snoussi M, Kadri A. HPLC-MS Profiling, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, and Cytotoxicity Activities of Arthrocnemum indicum (Willd.) Moq. Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:232. [PMID: 35050120 PMCID: PMC8778445 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate for the first time the phytochemical constituents and biological properties of three (ethanol, acetone, and hexane) Arthrocnemum indicum (Willd.) Moq. (A. indicum) extracts. Quantitative analysis revealed the significantly (p < 0.05) dominance of ethanolic extract on total polyphenol (TPC; 303.67 ± 4.16 mg GAE/g DR) and flavonoid (TFC; 55.33 ± 2.52 mg CE/g DR) contents than the other extracts, also displaying high and equipotent condensed tannin (TCTC) contents as the acetone extract. The qualitative HPLC-MS analysis elucidates 19 and 18 compounds in ethanolic and acetonic extracts, respectively, belonging to the phenolics and flavonoids chemical classes. The extracts were also screened for their in vitro antioxidant activities using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide anion, and ferric ion (Fe3+) reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), demonstrating the potent antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract, due to its stronger scavenging DPPH• (IC50 = 7.17 ± 1.26 μg/mL) which is not significantly (p > 0.05) different from the positive control, BHT (IC50 = 10.70 ± 0.61 μg/mL), however moderate activity through FRAP and superoxide anion radicals have been observed. Four Gram-positive, four Gram-negative bacteria, and four pathogenic fungi were used for the antimicrobial activity. In addition, S. epidermidis, M. luteus, E. faecalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei were found to be the most susceptible strains towards ethanolic extract. Cytotoxicity values against human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) and human epidermoid cancer cells (Hep2), and one continuous cell lineage control (Vero) revealed that the HT29 cancer cell line was the most responsive to A. indicum shoot extract treatment and significantly (p < 0.05) different from the other cancer cells. Moreover, when tested for their antidiabetic inhibitory effect, ethanol extract recorded the highest antidiabetic effect with IC50 = 13.17 ± 1.04 mg/mL, which is 8.4-fold higher than acetone extract. Therefore, the present study provides new findings on the use of A. indicum shoot ethanolic extract to cure many incurable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafedh Hajlaoui
- Research Unit Valorization and Optimization of Resource Exploitation (UR16ES04), Faculty of Science and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, University of Kairouan, Campus University Agricultural City, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Arraouadi
- Regional Center of Agricultural Research (CRRA) Sidi Bouzid, Gafsa Road Km 6, PB 357, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia;
- Laboratory of Valorization of Unconventional Waters, INRGREF, University of Carthage, Road Hedi EL Karray, El Menzah IV, PB 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Mighri
- Range Ecology Laboratory, Arid Region Institute, University of Gabes, El-Jorf Road Km 22.5, Medenine 4119, Tunisia;
| | - Siwar Ghannay
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.G.); (K.A.)
| | - Kaïss Aouadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (S.G.); (K.A.)
- Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (E.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emira Noumi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (E.N.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Bioressources: Integrative Biology and Recovery, High Institute of Biotechnology-University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (E.N.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Bio-Technology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Taher Hadded BP 74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Adel Kadri
- Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, P.O. Box 1988, Albaha 65527, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
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