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Slykerman R, Davies N, Fuad M, Dekker J. Milk Fat Globule Membranes for Mental Health across the Human Lifespan. Foods 2024; 13:1631. [PMID: 38890860 PMCID: PMC11171857 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) contains bioactive proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Polar lipids found in the MFGM play a critical role in maintaining cell membrane integrity and neuronal signalling capacity, thereby supporting brain health. This review summarises the literature on the MFGM and its phospholipid constituents for improvement of mental health across three key stages of the human lifespan, i.e., infancy, adulthood, and older age. MFGM supplementation may improve mental health by reducing neuroinflammation and supporting neurotransmitter synthesis through the gut-brain axis. Fortification of infant formula with MFGMs is designed to mimic the composition of breastmilk and optimise early gut and central nervous system development. Early behavioural and emotional development sets the stage for future mental health. In adults, promising results suggest that MFGMs can reduce the negative consequences of situational stress. Preclinical models of age-related cognitive decline suggest a role for the MFGM in supporting brain health in older age and reducing depressive symptoms. While there is preclinical and clinical evidence to support the use of MFGM supplementation for improved mental health, human studies with mental health as the primary target outcome are sparce. Further high-quality clinical trials examining the potential of the MFGM for psychological health improvement are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Slykerman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Naomi Davies
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Maher Fuad
- Fonterra Cooperative Group Limited, Palmerston North 4472, New Zealand; (M.F.); (J.D.)
| | - James Dekker
- Fonterra Cooperative Group Limited, Palmerston North 4472, New Zealand; (M.F.); (J.D.)
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Komorniak N, Kaczmarczyk M, Łoniewski I, Martynova-Van Kley A, Nalian A, Wroński M, Kaseja K, Kowalewski B, Folwarski M, Stachowska E. Analysis of the Efficacy of Diet and Short-Term Probiotic Intervention on Depressive Symptoms in Patients after Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4905. [PMID: 38068763 PMCID: PMC10707788 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: studies have shown that some patients experience mental deterioration after bariatric surgery. (2) Methods: We examined whether the use of probiotics and improved eating habits can improve the mental health of people who suffered from mood disorders after bariatric surgery. We also analyzed patients' mental states, eating habits and microbiota. (3) Results: Depressive symptoms were observed in 45% of 200 bariatric patients. After 5 weeks, we noted an improvement in patients' mental functioning (reduction in BDI and HRSD), but it was not related to the probiotic used. The consumption of vegetables and whole grain cereals increased (DQI-I adequacy), the consumption of simple sugars and SFA decreased (moderation DQI-I), and the consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids increased it. In the feces of patients after RYGB, there was a significantly higher abundance of two members of the Muribaculaceae family, namely Veillonella and Roseburia, while those after SG had more Christensenellaceae R-7 group, Subdoligranulum, Oscillibacter, and UCG-005. (4) Conclusions: the noted differences in the composition of the gut microbiota (RYGB vs. SG) may be one of the determinants of the proper functioning of the gut-brain microbiota axis, although there is currently a need for further research into this topic using a larger group of patients and different probiotic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Komorniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarczyk
- Sanprobi sp. z o.o. sp. k., Kurza Stopka 5/C, 70-535 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.)
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Sanprobi sp. z o.o. sp. k., Kurza Stopka 5/C, 70-535 Szczecin, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.)
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Armen Nalian
- Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX 75962, USA; (A.M.-V.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Michał Wroński
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kaseja
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Kowalewski
- Independent Provincial Public Hospital Complex in Szczecin-Zdunowo, 70-891 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marcin Folwarski
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland;
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Morales-Torres R, Carrasco-Gubernatis C, Grasso-Cladera A, Cosmelli D, Parada FJ, Palacios-García I. Psychobiotic Effects on Anxiety Are Modulated by Lifestyle Behaviors: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial on Healthy Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071706. [PMID: 37049546 PMCID: PMC10096963 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychobiotics are modulators of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (MGBA) with promising benefits to mental health. Lifestyle behaviors are established modulators of both mental health and the MGBA. This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT04823533) on healthy adults (N = 135) tested 4 weeks of probiotic supplementation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175). We assessed effects on wellbeing, quality of life, emotional regulation, anxiety, mindfulness and interoceptive awareness. We then analyzed if lifestyle behaviors modulated probiotic effectiveness. Results showed no significant effects of probiotic intake in whole sample outcomes. Correlational analyses revealed Healthy Behaviors were significantly correlated with wellbeing across scales. Moreover, the linear mixed-effects model showed that the interaction between high scores in Healthy Behaviors and probiotic intake was the single significant predictor of positive effects on anxiety, emotional regulation, and mindfulness in post-treatment outcomes. These findings highlight the relevance of controlling for lifestyle behaviors in psychobiotic and mental health research.
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Misera A, Łoniewski I, Palma J, Kulaszyńska M, Czarnecka W, Kaczmarczyk M, Liśkiewicz P, Samochowiec J, Skonieczna-Żydecka K. Clinical significance of microbiota changes under the influence of psychotropic drugs. An updated narrative review. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1125022. [PMID: 36937257 PMCID: PMC10014913 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1125022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Relationship between drugs and microbiota is bilateral. Proper composition thus function of microbiota is a key to some medications used in modern medicine. However, there is also the other side of the coin. Pharmacotherapeutic agents can modify the microbiota significantly, which consequently affects its function. A recently published study showed that nearly 25% of drugs administered to humans have antimicrobial effects. Multiple antidepressants are antimicrobials,. and antibiotics with proven antidepressant effects do exist. On the other hand, antibiotics (e.g., isoniaside, minocycline) confer mental phenotype changes, and adverse effects caused by some antibiotics include neurological and psychological symptoms which further supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota may affect the function of the central nervous system. Here we gathered comprehensively data on drugs used in psychiatry regarding their antimicrobial properties. We believe our data has strong implications for the treatment of psychiatric entities. Nevertheless the study of ours highlights the need for more well-designed trials aimed at analysis of gut microbiota function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Misera
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Sanprobi sp. z o.o. sp.k., Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Kulaszyńska
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Czarnecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Liśkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka,
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Ullah H, Di Minno A, Esposito C, El-Seedi HR, Khalifa SA, Baldi A, Greco A, Santonastaso S, Cioffi V, Sperandeo R, Sacchi R, Daglia M. Efficacy of a food supplement based on S-adenosyl methionine and probiotic strains in subjects with subthreshold depression and mild-to-moderate depression: A monocentric, randomized, cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Probiotics in the Management of Mental and Gastrointestinal Post-COVID Symptomes. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175155. [PMID: 36079082 PMCID: PMC9457065 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with “post-COVID” syndrome manifest with a variety of signs and symptoms that continue/develop after acute COVID-19. Among the most common are gastrointestinal (GI) and mental symptoms. The reason for symptom occurrence lies in the SARS-CoV-2 capability of binding to exact receptors, among other angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in gastrointestinal lining and neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in the nervous system, which leads to loss of gastrointestinal and blood-brain barriers integrity and function. The data are mounting that SARS-CoV-2 can trigger systemic inflammation and lead to disruption of gut-brain axis (GBA) and the development of disorders of gut brain interaction (DGBIs). Functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are the most common DGBIs syndromes. On the other hand, emotional disorders have also been demonstrated as DGBIs. Currently, there are no official recommendations or recommended procedures for the use of probiotics in patients with COVID-19. However, it can be assumed that many doctors, pharmacists, and patients will want to use a probiotic in the treatment of this disease. In such cases, strains with documented activity should be used. There is a constant need to plan and conduct new trials on the role of probiotics and verify their clinical efficacy for counteracting the negative consequences of COVID-19 pandemic. Quality control is another important but often neglected aspect in trials utilizing probiotics in various clinical entities. It determines the safety and efficacy of probiotics, which is of utmost importance in patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome.
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Abstract
Curcumin is the major biologically active polyphenolic constituent in the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa) that has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, antimicrobial, and cardioprotective effects. Interest in curcumin as a treatment for mental health conditions has increased and there is an expanding body of preclinical and clinical research examining its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. In this narrative review, human trials investigating the effects of curcumin for the treatment of depression or depressive symptoms are summarised. Using findings from in vitro, animal, and human trials, possible biological mechanisms associated with the antidepressant effects of curcumin are also explored. To increase the understanding of curcumin for the treatment of depression, directions for future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Lopresti
- Clinical Research Australia, 38 Arnisdale Rd, Duncraig, Perth, WA, 6023, Australia.
- College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
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