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Bellini C, Mancin F, Papini E, Tavano R. Nanotechnological Approaches to Enhance the Potential of α-Lipoic Acid for Application in the Clinic. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:706. [PMID: 38929145 PMCID: PMC11201002 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
α-lipoic acid is a naturally occurring compound with potent antioxidant properties that helps protect cells and tissues from oxidative stress. Its incorporation into nanoplatforms can affect factors like bioavailability, stability, reactivity, and targeted delivery. Nanoformulations of α-lipoic acid can significantly enhance its solubility and absorption, making it more bioavailable. While α-lipoic acid can be prone to degradation in its free form, encapsulation within nanoparticles ensures its stability over time, and its release in a controlled and sustained manner to the targeted tissues and cells. In addition, α-lipoic acid can be combined with other compounds, such as other antioxidants, drugs, or nanomaterials, to create synergistic effects that enhance their overall therapeutic benefits or hinder their potential cytotoxicity. This review outlines the advantages and drawbacks associated with the use of α-lipoic acid, as well as various nanotechnological approaches employed to enhance its therapeutic effectiveness, whether alone or in combination with other bioactive agents. Furthermore, it describes the engineering of α-lipoic acid to produce poly(α-lipoic acid) nanoparticles, which hold promise as an effective drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bellini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Papini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Regina Tavano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
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Xiong H, Zhang P, Wang D, Zhou Z, Sun J, Diao M. A silk-based hydrogel containing dexamethasone and lipoic acid microcrystals for local delivery to the inner ear. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 237:113855. [PMID: 38513298 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Local drug delivery has been exploited recently to treat hearing loss, as this method can both bypass the blood-labyrinth barrier and provide sustained drug release. Combined drug microcrystals (MCs) offer additional advantages for sensorineural hearing loss treatment via intratympanic (IT) injection due to their shape effect and combination strategy. In this study, to endow viscous effects of hydrogels, nonspherical dexamethasone (DEX) and lipoic acid (LA) MCs were incorporated into silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels, which were subsequently administered to the tympanic cavity to investigate their pharmaceutical properties. First, we prepared DEX and LA MCs by a traditional precipitation technique followed by SF hydrogel incorporation (SF+DEX+LA). After characterization of the physicochemical features, including morphology, rheology, and dissolution, both a suspension of combined DEX and LA MCs (DEX+LA) and SF+DEX+LA were administered to guinea pigs by IT injection, after which the pharmacokinetics, biodegradation and biocompatibility were evaluated. To our surprise, compared to the DEX+LA group, the pharmacokinetics of the SF+DEX+LA hydrogel group did not improve significantly, which may be ascribed to their nonspherical shape and deposition effects of the drugs MCs. The cochlear tissue in each group displayed good morphology, with no obvious inflammatory reactions. This combined MC suspension has the clear advantages of no vehicle, easy scale-up preparation, and good biocompatibility and outcomes, which paves the way for practical treatment of hearing loss via local drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peili Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dongcheng Wang
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhimin Zhou
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Mingfang Diao
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital of Beijing, Beijing 100048, China.
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Guidotti L, Tomassi E, Marracci S, Lai M, Lapi D, Pesi R, Pucci L, Novellino E, Albi E, Garcia-Gil M. Effects of Nutraceuticals on Cisplatin-Induced Cytotoxicity in HEI-OC1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17416. [PMID: 38139245 PMCID: PMC10743635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of several solid tumors, whose use is limited by its nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, ototoxicity, and development of resistance. The toxicity is caused by DNA cross-linking, increase in reactive oxygen species and/or depletion of cell antioxidant defenses. The aim of the work was to study the effect of antioxidant compounds (Lisosan G, Taurisolo®) or hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-releasing compounds (erucin) in the auditory HEI-OC1 cell line treated with cisplatin. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Caspase and sphingomyelinase activities were measured by fluorometric and colorimetric methods, respectively. Expression of transcription factors, apoptosis hallmarks and genes codifying for antioxidant response proteins were measured by Western blot and/or RT-qPCR. Lisosan G, Taurisolo® and erucin did not show protective effects. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a donor of H2S, increased the viability of cisplatin-treated cells and the transcription of heme oxygenase 1, superoxide dismutase 2, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase type 1 and the catalytic subunit of glutamate-cysteine ligase and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS), the Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase-3, caspase-8 and acid sphingomyelinase activity. Therefore, NaHS might counteract the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin by increasing the antioxidant response and by reducing ROS levels and caspase and acid sphingomyelinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Guidotti
- General Physiology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Elena Tomassi
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Italian National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (E.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Silvia Marracci
- General Physiology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Michele Lai
- Retrovirus Centre, Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Strada Statale del Brennero 2, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Dominga Lapi
- General Physiology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Rossana Pesi
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Laura Pucci
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, Italian National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (E.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Interno Orto Botanico, University of Perugia, Via Romana, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- General Physiology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.G.); (S.M.); (D.L.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Katanić Stanković JS, Selaković D, Rosić G. Oxidative Damage as a Fundament of Systemic Toxicities Induced by Cisplatin-The Crucial Limitation or Potential Therapeutic Target? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14574. [PMID: 37834021 PMCID: PMC10572959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, an inorganic complex of platinum, is a chemotherapeutic drug that has been used for 45 years. Despite the progress of pharmaceutical sciences and medicine and the successful application of other platinum complexes for the same purpose, cisplatin is still the therapy of choice in many cancers. Treatment for testicular, ovarian, head and neck, urothelial, cervical, esophageal, breast, and pulmonary malignancies is still unthinkable without the use of this drug. However, cisplatin is also known for many side effects, of which the most pronounced are nephrotoxicity leading to acute renal failure, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity. Mechanistic studies have proven that one of the conditions that plays a major role in the development of cisplatin-induced toxicities is oxidative stress. Knowing the fact that numerous antioxidants can be used to reduce oxidative stress, thereby reducing tissue lesions, organ failure, and apoptosis at the cellular level, many studies have defined antioxidants as a priority for investigation as a cotreatment. To investigate the mechanism of antioxidant action in vivo, many animal models have been employed. In the last few years, studies have mostly used rodents and zebrafish models. In this article, some of the most recent investigations that used animal models are listed, and the advantages and disadvantages of such experimental studies are pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena S. Katanić Stanković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragica Selaković
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Gvozden Rosić
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
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Li Y, Zhang T, Song Q, Gao D, Li Y, Jie H, Huang P, Zheng G, Yang J, He J. Cisplatin ototoxicity mechanism and antagonistic intervention strategy: a scope review. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1197051. [PMID: 37323582 PMCID: PMC10267334 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1197051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a first-line chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of malignant tumors with remarkable clinical effects and low cost. However, the ototoxicity and neurotoxicity of cisplatin greatly limit its clinical application. This article reviews the possible pathways and molecular mechanisms of cisplatin trafficking from peripheral blood into the inner ear, the toxic response of cisplatin to inner ear cells, as well as the cascade reactions leading to cell death. Moreover, this article highlights the latest research progress in cisplatin resistance mechanism and cisplatin ototoxicity. Two effective protective mechanisms, anti-apoptosis and mitophagy activation, and their interaction in the inner ear are discussed. Additionally, the current clinical preventive measures and novel therapeutic agents for cisplatin ototoxicity are described. Finally, this article also forecasts the prospect of possible drug targets for mitigating cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. These include the use of antioxidants, inhibitors of transporter proteins, inhibitors of cellular pathways, combination drug delivery methods, and other mechanisms that have shown promise in preclinical studies. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyang Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiqun Jie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiliang Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingchun He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Wang X, Xiong H, Zhang P, Liu Y, Gao C, Zhou Z, Sun J, Diao M. Intratympanic microcrystals of dexamethasone and lipoic acid for the treatment of cisplatin-induced inner ear injury. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 223:113191. [PMID: 36739674 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Steroids (anti-inflammatory drugs) combined with antioxidants are frequently prescribed to treat cisplatin (CP)-induced hearing loss in the clinic. Compared to systemic administration of free drugs, local drug delivery systems offer better therapeutic qualities and patient compliance since they not only can bypass the blood-labyrinth barrier but also can perform sustained release. In this work, dexamethasone (DEX) and lipoic acid (LA) non-spherical microcrystals (MCs) were prepared without complicated chemical modification. Following a series of physical characterizations, including morphology, stability and injectability, dissolution and round window membrane distribution of MCs, DEX MCs, LA MCs and the simple mixture of DEX MCs + LA MCs (combination group) were administered in guinea pigs by intratympanic injection. We found that LA MCs enabled improvement of DEX absorption in the combination group compared to a single dose. In addition, no significant morphological changes or inflammatory responses were observed in cochlear tissue, indicating good biocompatibility. Finally, the combination group also demonstrated synergistic therapeutic effect for protecting hair cells against CP-induced damage. The local co delivery of DEX MCs and LA MCs offers a new strategy for the treatment of CP-induced inner ear injury since they provide sustained anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Haixia Xiong
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Peili Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China; National Clinical Medical Research Center for Otolaryngology Diseases, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chang Gao
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhimin Zhou
- Biomedical Barriers Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Mingfang Diao
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Endoscopic Ear Surgery, Senior Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China; National Clinical Medical Research Center for Otolaryngology Diseases, Beijing 100048, China.
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Dash S, Zuo J, Steyger PS. Local Delivery of Therapeutics to the Cochlea Using Nanoparticles and Other Biomaterials. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091115. [PMID: 36145336 PMCID: PMC9504900 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss negatively impacts the well-being of millions of people worldwide. Systemic delivery of ototherapeutics has limited efficacy due to severe systemic side effects and the presence of the blood–labyrinth barrier that selectively limits or enables transfer of molecules between plasma and inner ear tissues and fluids. Local drug delivery into the middle and inner ear would be preferable for many newly emerging classes of drugs. Although the cochlea is a challenging target for drug delivery, recent technologies could provide a safe and efficacious delivery of ototherapeutics. Local drug delivery routes include topical delivery via the external auditory meatus, retroauricular, transtympanic, and intracochlear delivery. Many new drug delivery systems specifically for the inner ear are under development or undergoing clinical studies. Future studies into these systems may provide a means for extended delivery of drugs to preserve or restore hearing in patients with hearing disorders. This review outlines the anatomy of the (inner) ear, describes the various local delivery systems and routes, and various quantification methodologies to determine the pharmacokinetics of the drugs in the inner ear.
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