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Guo Y, Han Z, Zhang J, Lu Y, Li C, Liu G. Development of a high-speed and ultrasensitive UV/Vis-CM for detecting total triterpenes in traditional Chinese medicine and its application. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32239. [PMID: 38882362 PMCID: PMC11180301 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study proposes a novel colorimetric method based on the ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry-colorimetric method (UV/Vis-CM) for detecting and quantifying total triterpenoids in traditional Chinese medicine. By incorporating the colourants 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde and concentrated sulfuric acid, triterpenoid compounds colour development became more sensitive, and the detection accuracy was significantly improved. 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde and concentrated sulfuric acid were incorporated in a 1:3 vol ratio at room temperature to react with the total triterpenes for 25 min, incorporated to an ice bath for 5 min, and then detected at the optimal absorption wavelength. The accuracy and reliability of this method were verified by comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography and four other colorimetric methods. Additionally, this approach has the advantages of not requiring heating during operation, high sensitivity, short usage time, low solvent usage, and low equipment costs. This study not only offers a reliable method for detecting total triterpenes in traditional Chinese medicine but also offers a rapid detection tool for on-site testing and large-scale screening, laying a foundation for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine research, quality control, and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhe Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guiyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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2
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Baltina L, Karimova E, Nugumanov T, Petrova S, Gabdrakhmanova S, Khisamutdinova R. Synthesis, modification and biological activity of 2,3-indoles of Glycyrrhetinic acid. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38454327 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2326844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of 2,3-indoles of Glycyrrhetinic acid (GLA) and its methyl ester was carried out by the Fischer reaction. Reductive transformations of GLA methyl ester 2,3-indole 3a were carried out to obtain 11-deoxo- and 9,12-diene analogs. N-methylation of 2,3-indole 3a gave N-methyl-indole-11-oxo-18β-olean-12-en-30-oic acid. The antiulcer and anti-inflammatory activity of 2,3-indole 3a was studied in rats and mice. It was found, compound 3a exhibied a pronounced antiulcer activity in the indomethacin model of ulcers in rats and anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan model of acute edoema in mice, at a dose of 50 mg/kg. This is the first report of anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities of 2,3-indolo-GLA derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Baltina
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Elza Karimova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Timur Nugumanov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Petrova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Gabdrakhmanova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Regina Khisamutdinova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
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3
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Borgo J, Wagner MS, Laurella LC, Elso OG, Selener MG, Clavin M, Bach H, Catalán CAN, Bivona AE, Sepúlveda CS, Sülsen VP. Plant Extracts and Phytochemicals from the Asteraceae Family with Antiviral Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:814. [PMID: 38398567 PMCID: PMC10891539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Asteraceae (Compositae), commonly known as the sunflower family, is one of the largest plant families in the world and includes several species with pharmacological properties. In the search for new antiviral candidates, an in vitro screening against dengue virus (DENV) was performed on a series of dichloromethane and methanolic extracts prepared from six Asteraceae species, including Acmella bellidioides, Campuloclinium macrocephalum, Grindelia pulchella, Grindelia chiloensis, Helenium radiatum, and Viguiera tuberosa, along with pure phytochemicals isolated from Asteraceae: mikanolide (1), eupatoriopicrin (2), eupahakonenin B (3), minimolide (4), estafietin (5), 2-oxo-8-deoxyligustrin (6), santhemoidin C (7), euparin (8), jaceidin (9), nepetin (10), jaceosidin (11), eryodictiol (12), eupatorin (13), and 5-demethylsinensetin (14). Results showed that the dichloromethane extracts of C. macrocephalum and H. radiatum and the methanolic extracts prepared from C. macrocephalum and G. pulchella were highly active and selective against DENV-2, affording EC50 values of 0.11, 0.15, 1.80, and 3.85 µg/mL, respectively, and SIs of 171.0, 18.8, >17.36, and 64.9, respectively. From the pool of phytochemicals tested, compounds 6, 7, and 8 stand out as the most active (EC50 = 3.7, 3.1, and 6.8 µM, respectively; SI = 5.9, 6.7, and >73.4, respectively). These results demonstrate that Asteraceae species and their chemical constituents represent valuable sources of new antiviral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Borgo
- Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (J.B.); (L.C.L.)
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (O.G.E.); (M.G.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Mariel S. Wagner
- Laboratorio de Estrategias Antivirales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Int. Güiraldes 2160, Piso 4, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina;
| | - Laura C. Laurella
- Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (J.B.); (L.C.L.)
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (O.G.E.); (M.G.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Orlando G. Elso
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (O.G.E.); (M.G.S.); (M.C.)
- Unidad de Microanálisis y Métodos Físicos Aplicados a Química Orgánica (UMYMFOR), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Piso 3, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Mariana G. Selener
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (O.G.E.); (M.G.S.); (M.C.)
| | - María Clavin
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (O.G.E.); (M.G.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Hernán Bach
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Gobernador Guillermo Udaondo 1695 Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, EEA AMBA Udaondo, Villa Udaondo B1713AAW, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina;
| | - César A. N. Catalán
- Instituto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucumán T4000INI, Tucumán Province, Argentina;
| | - Augusto E. Bivona
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral Prof. Ricardo A. Margni (IDEHU), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 4, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina;
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica (IMPaM), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, Piso 13, Buenos Aires C1121ABG, Argentina
| | - Claudia S. Sepúlveda
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Int. Güiraldes 2160, Piso 4, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Valeria P. Sülsen
- Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (J.B.); (L.C.L.)
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, Piso 2, Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (O.G.E.); (M.G.S.); (M.C.)
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Li H, Xie W, Gao X, Geng Z, Gao J, Ma G, Liu X, Han S, Chen Y, Wen X, Bi Y, Zhang L. Design and synthesis of novel hederagonic acid analogs as potent anti-inflammatory compounds capable of protecting against LPS-induced acute lung injury. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115941. [PMID: 38000214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its high mortality rates and the lack of effective treatment strategies. The most effective approaches to treating ALI include disrupting inflammatory cascades and associated inflammatory damage within the lung. Hederagenin was utilized as a core skeleton to design and synthesize 33 hederagonic acid derivatives. Among these derivatives, compound 29 demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity without inducing cytotoxicity, inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) release by 78-86 %. Detailed structure-activity relationship studies and the reverse virtual screening of ALI-related targets revealed that compound 29 exhibits a high affinity for the STING protein. Mechanistic studies revealed that compound 29 suppresses macrophage activation, inhibits the nuclear translocation of IRF3 and p65, and disrupts the STING/IRF3/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby attenuating the inflammatory response. The in vivo administration of compound 29 was sufficient to protect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI by suppressing the production of inflammatory mediators, including IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-β, thereby preserving lung tissue integrity. These results substantiate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of compound 29, both in vitro and in vivo, indicating its potential as a promising lead compound in ALI treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Wenbin Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Xiaojin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Gongshan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Xuanyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Song Han
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yinchao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yi Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
| | - Leiming Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
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5
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Petrova A, Tretyakova E, Khusnutdinova E, Kazakova O, Slita A, Zarubaev V, Ma X, Jin H, Xu H, Xiao S. Antiviral opportunities of Mannich bases derived from triterpenic N-propargylated indoles. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14370. [PMID: 37802645 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic and glycyrrhetic acids alkyne derivatives were synthesized as a result of propargylation of the indole NH-group condensed with the triterpene A-ring, the following aminomethylation led to a series of Mannich bases. The synthesized compounds were tested for their potential inhibition of influenza A/PuertoRico/8/34 (H1N1) virus in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in baby hamster kidney-21-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (BHK-21-hACE2) cells. Mannich bases of oleanolic and glycyrrhetic acids N-propargylated indoles 7, 8, and 12 were the most efficacious against influenza virus A with IC50 7-10 μM together with a low toxicity (CC50 > 145 μM) and high selectivity index SI value 20. Indolo-oleanolic acid morpholine amide Mannich base holding N-methylpiperazine moiety 9 showed anti-SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus activity with EC50 value of 14.8 μM. Molecular docking and dynamics modeling investigated the binding mode of the compounds 7 and 12 into the binding pocket of influenza A virus M2 protein and compound 9 into the RBD domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oxana Kazakova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Slita
- Department of Virology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Experimental Virology Laboratory, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Zarubaev
- Department of Virology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Experimental Virology Laboratory, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Xinyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sulong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
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Wimmerová M, Bildziukevich U, Wimmer Z. Selected Plant Triterpenoids and Their Derivatives as Antiviral Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:7718. [PMID: 38067449 PMCID: PMC10707653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The results of the most recent investigation of triterpenoid-based antiviral agents namely in the HIV-1 and HSV-1 treatment were reviewed and summarized. Several key historical achievements are included to stress consequences and continuity in this research. Most of the agents studied belong to a series of compounds derived from betulin or betulinic acid, and their synthetic derivative is called bevirimat. A termination of clinical trials of bevirimat in Phase IIb initiated a search for more successful compounds partly derived from bevirimat or designed independently of bevirimat structure. Surprisingly, a majority of bevirimat mimics are derivatives of betulinic acid, while other plant triterpenoids, such as ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, or other miscellaneous triterpenoids, are relatively rarely involved in a search for a novel antiviral agent. Therefore, this review article is divided into three parts based on the leading triterpenoid core structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Wimmerová
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 16028 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Uladzimir Bildziukevich
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Zdeněk Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague, Technická 5, 16028 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Galewski PJ, Majumdar R, Lebar MD, Strausbaugh CA, Eujayl IA. Combined Omics Approaches Reveal Distinct Mechanisms of Resistance and/or Susceptibility in Sugar Beet Double Haploid Genotypes at Early Stages of Beet Curly Top Virus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15013. [PMID: 37834460 PMCID: PMC10573692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar beet is susceptible to Beet curly top virus (BCTV), which significantly reduces yield and sugar production in the semi-arid growing regions worldwide. Sources of genetic resistance to BCTV is limited and control depends upon insecticide seed treatments with neonicotinoids. Through double haploid production and genetic selection, BCTV resistant breeding lines have been developed. Using BCTV resistant (R) [KDH13; Line 13 and KDH4-9; Line 4] and susceptible (S) [KDH19-17; Line 19] lines, beet leafhopper mediated natural infection, mRNA/sRNA sequencing, and metabolite analyses, potential mechanisms of resistance against the virus and vector were identified. At early infection stages (2- and 6-days post inoculation), examples of differentially expressed genes highly up-regulated in the 'R' lines (vs. 'S') included EL10Ac5g10437 (inhibitor of trypsin and hageman factor), EL10Ac6g14635 (jasmonate-induced protein), EL10Ac3g06016 (ribosome related), EL10Ac2g02812 (probable prolyl 4-hydroxylase 10), etc. Pathway enrichment analysis showed differentially expressed genes were predominantly involved with peroxisome, amino acids metabolism, fatty acid degradation, amino/nucleotide sugar metabolism, etc. Metabolite analysis revealed significantly higher amounts of specific isoflavonoid O-glycosides, flavonoid 8-C glycosides, triterpenoid, and iridoid-O-glycosides in the leaves of the 'R' lines (vs. 'S'). These data suggest that a combination of transcriptional regulation and production of putative antiviral metabolites might contribute to BCTV resistance. In addition, genome divergence among BCTV strains differentially affects the production of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and small peptides which may potentially affect pathogenicity and disease symptom development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Galewski
- Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA; (P.J.G.); (C.A.S.); (I.A.E.)
- Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Rajtilak Majumdar
- Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA; (P.J.G.); (C.A.S.); (I.A.E.)
| | - Matthew D. Lebar
- Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Regional Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, New Orleans, LA 70179, USA;
| | - Carl A. Strausbaugh
- Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA; (P.J.G.); (C.A.S.); (I.A.E.)
| | - Imad A. Eujayl
- Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Kimberly, ID 83341, USA; (P.J.G.); (C.A.S.); (I.A.E.)
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Alom MM, Bonna RP, Islam A, Alom MW, Rahman ME, Faruqe MO, Khalekuzzaman M, Zaman R, Islam MA. Unveiling Neuroprotective Potential of Spice Plant-Derived Compounds against Alzheimer's Disease: Insights from Computational Studies. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 2023:8877757. [PMID: 37744007 PMCID: PMC10516701 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8877757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious threat to the global health care system and is brought on by a series of factors that cause neuronal dysfunction and impairment in memory and cognitive decline. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals that belong to the ten regularly used spice plants, based on their binding affinity with AD-associated proteins. Comprehensive docking studies were performed using AutoDock Vina in PyRx followed by molecular dynamic (MD) simulations using AMBER 14. The docking study of the chosen molecules revealed the binding energies of their interactions with the target proteins, while MD simulations were carried out to verify the steadiness of bound complexes. Through the Lipinski filter and admetSAR analysis, the chosen compounds' pharmacokinetic characteristics and drug likeness were also examined. The pharmacophore mapping study was also done and analyzed for best selected molecules. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to examine how the general motion of the protein changed. The results showed quercetin and myricetin to be potential inhibitors of AChE and alpha-amyrin and beta-chlorogenin to be potential inhibitors of BuChE, exhibiting best binding energies comparable to those of donepezil, used as a positive control. The multiple descriptors from the simulation study, root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), hydrogen bond, radius of gyration (Rg), and solvent-accessible surface areas (SASA), confirm the stable nature of the protein-ligand complexes. Molecular mechanic Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) binding free energy calculations indicated the energetically favorable binding of the ligands to the protein. Finally, according to pharmacokinetic properties and drug likeness, characteristics showed that quercetin and myricetin for AChE and alpha-amyrin and beta-chlorogenin for BuChE were found to be the most effective agents for treating the AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Murshid Alom
- Professor O.I Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Rejwana Parvin Bonna
- Professor O.I Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Ariful Islam
- Professor O.I Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Wasim Alom
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ekhtiar Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Omar Faruqe
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Khalekuzzaman
- Professor O.I Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Rashed Zaman
- Professor O.I Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Asadul Islam
- Professor O.I Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
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Chianese A, Gravina C, Morone MV, Ambrosino A, Formato M, Palma F, Foglia F, Nastri BM, Zannella C, Esposito A, De Filippis A, Piccolella S, Galdiero M, Pacifico S. Lavandula austroapennina: Assessment of the Antiviral Activity of Lipophilic Extracts from Its Organs. Viruses 2023; 15:1648. [PMID: 37631991 PMCID: PMC10457779 DOI: 10.3390/v15081648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In a framework aimed at the recovery and enhancement of medicinal plants endemic to the territory of the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park, Lavandula austroapennina N.G. Passal., Tundis and Upson has aroused interest. An insight into the chemical composition of the corolla, calyx, leaf, stem, and root organs was carried out following ultrasound-assisted maceration in n-hexane. The obtained lipophilic extracts were explored using ultra-high-performance chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS). The extracts from the different organs varied in their relative content of fatty acids, ursanes, and oleanane-type triterpenes. In particular, the oleanolic acid content appeared to increase in the order of corolla < leaf < stem. An MTT assay was performed to verify the possible cytotoxicity of the organ extracts of L. austroapennina at a concentration ranging from 12.5 to 400 µg/mL on the Vero CCL-81 cell line. Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), alpha human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), and poliovirus type 1 (PV-1) was evaluated via a plaque reduction assay in the same cellular model. All the extracts did not show cytotoxic effects after 2 and 24 h exposure times, and the antiviral efficacy was particularly important for the stem extract, capable of completely inhibiting the tested viruses at low doses. The antiviral activity in a non-enveloped virus PV-1 allowed the assertion that the extracts from the organs of L. austroapennina, and especially the stem extract, interfered directly with the viral envelope. This study underlines how much knowledge of a territory's medicinal plant heritage is a harbinger of promising discoveries in the health field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Claudia Gravina
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.G.); (M.F.); (A.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Morone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Annalisa Ambrosino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Marialuisa Formato
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.G.); (M.F.); (A.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Francesca Palma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Francesco Foglia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Bianca Maria Nastri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Assunta Esposito
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.G.); (M.F.); (A.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Simona Piccolella
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.G.); (M.F.); (A.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (M.V.M.); (A.A.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (B.M.N.); (C.Z.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Severina Pacifico
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.G.); (M.F.); (A.E.); (S.P.)
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Triterpenic Acid Amides as Potential Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010303. [PMID: 36615498 PMCID: PMC9822074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Although the incidence and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been declining during the pandemic, the problem related to designing novel antiviral drugs that could effectively resist viruses in the future remains relevant. As part of our continued search for chemical compounds that are capable of exerting an antiviral effect against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, we studied the ability of triterpenic acid amides to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Molecular modeling suggested that the compounds are able to bind to the active site of the main protease via non-covalent interactions. The FRET-based enzyme assay was used to reveal that compounds 1e and 1b can inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease at micromolar concentrations.
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