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Rivera López E, Samaniego López C, Spagnuolo CC, Berardino BG, Alaimo A, Pérez OE. Chitosan-Tricarbocyanine-Based Nanogels Were Able to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier Showing Its Potential as a Targeted Site Delivery Agent. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:964. [PMID: 39065661 PMCID: PMC11280413 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting drugs to the central nervous system (CNS) is challenging due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The cutting edge in nanotechnology generates optimism to overcome the growing challenges in biomedical sciences through the effective engineering of nanogels. The primary objective of the present report was to develop and characterize a biocompatible natural chitosan (CS)-based NG that can be tracked thanks to the tricarbocyanine (CNN) fluorescent probe addition on the biopolymer backbone. FTIR shed light on the chemical groups involved in the CS and CNN interactions and between CNN-CS and tripolyphosphate, the cross-linking agent. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out to determine if CS-NGs can be utilized as therapeutic delivery vehicles directed towards the brain. An ionic gelation method was chosen to generate cationic CNN-CS-NG. DLS and TEM confirmed that these entities' sizes fell into the nanoscale. CNN-CS-NG was found to be non-cytotoxic, as determined in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line through biocompatibility assays. After cellular internalization, the occurrence of an endo-lysosomal escape (a crucial event for an efficient drug delivery) of CNN-CS-NG was detected. Furthermore, CNN-CS-NG administered intraperitoneally to female CF-1 mice were detected in different brain regions after 2 h of administration, using fluorescence microscopy. To conclude, the obtained findings in the present report can be useful in the field of neuro-nanomedicine when designing drug vehicles with the purpose of delivering drugs to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Rivera López
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (E.R.L.); (B.G.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Cecilia Samaniego López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (C.S.L.); (C.C.S.)
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Carla C. Spagnuolo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (C.S.L.); (C.C.S.)
- Centro de Investigaciones en Hidratos de Carbono, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CIHIDECAR-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Bruno G. Berardino
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (E.R.L.); (B.G.B.); (A.A.)
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Agustina Alaimo
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (E.R.L.); (B.G.B.); (A.A.)
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Oscar E. Pérez
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (E.R.L.); (B.G.B.); (A.A.)
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
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2
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Dunnington EL, Wong BS, Fu D. Innovative Approaches for Drug Discovery: Quantifying Drug Distribution and Response with Raman Imaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7926-7944. [PMID: 38625100 PMCID: PMC11108735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dan Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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3
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Mata Corral MY, Alvarez DE, Poon W. Quantifying nanoparticle delivery: challenges, tools, and advances. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103042. [PMID: 38065039 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This review explores challenges and methods for quantifying nanoparticle delivery in therapeutic applications. We discuss three main approaches: (1) functional readouts that assess therapeutic effects post nanoparticle administration, (2) nanocarrier tracking that directly monitors the nanoparticle localization, and (3) cargo tracking that infers nanoparticle localization by measuring encapsulated agents or attached surface tags. Reanalysis of the Wilhelm et al. Cancer Nanomedicine Repository dataset found mixed quantification methodologies, which could cause misleading conclusions. We discuss potential pitfalls in each quantification approach and highlight recent advancements in novel technologies. It is important that researchers select appropriate quantification methods based on their objectives and consider integrating multiple approaches for a comprehensive understanding of in vivo nanoparticle behavior to facilitate their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Y Mata Corral
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Damian E Alvarez
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Wilson Poon
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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4
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Yan J, Wang J, Wang X, Pan D, Su C, Wang J, Wang M, Xiong J, Chen Y, Wang L, Xu Y, Chen C, Yang M, Gu Z. Activating Tumor-Selective Liquid Metal Nanomedicine through Galvanic Replacement. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307817. [PMID: 37948543 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Advanced chemotherapeutic strategies including prodrug and nanocatalytic medicine have significantly advanced tumor-selective theranostics, but delicate prodrug screening, tedious synthesis, low degradability/biocompatibility of inorganic components, and unsatisfied reaction activity complicate treatment efficacies. Here, the intrinsic anticancer bioactivity of liquid metal nanodroplets (LMNDs) is explored through galvanic replacement. By utilizing a mechano-degradable ligand, the resultant size of the aqueous LMND is unexpectedly controlled as small as ≈20 nm (LMND20). It is demonstrated that LMND20 presents excellent tumor penetration and biocompatibility and activates tumor-selective carrier-to-drug conversion, synchronously depleting Cu2+ ions and producing Ga3+ ions through galvanic replacement. Together with abundant generation of reactive oxygen species, multiple anticancer pathways lead to selective apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis of breast cancer cells. Compared to the preclinical/clinical anticancer drugs of tetrathiomolybdate and Ga(NO3 )3 , LMND20 administration significantly improves the therapeutic efficacy and survival in a BCap-37 xenograft mouse model, yet without obvious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Yan
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Donghui Pan
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Chen Su
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Junxia Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Jianjun Xiong
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Yuping Xu
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chongyang Chen
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
| | - Min Yang
- Molecular Imaging Center, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, 214063, China
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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5
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Kravchenko Y, Sikora K, Wireko AA, Lyndin M. Fluorescence visualization for cancer DETECTION: EXPERIENCE and perspectives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24390. [PMID: 38293525 PMCID: PMC10827512 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The current review focuses on the latest advances in the improvement and application of fluorescence imaging technology. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is a promising new technique that uses non-specific fluorescent agents and targeted fluorescent tracers combined with a dedicated camera to better navigate and visualize tumors. Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is used to perform various tasks, helping the surgeon to distinguish lymphatic vessels and nodes from surrounding tissues easily and quickly assess the perfusion of the planned resection area, including intraoperative visualization of metastases. The results of the insertion of fluorescence visualization as an auxiliary method to cancer detection and high-risk metastatic lesions in clinical practice have demonstrated enthusiastic results and huge potential. However, intraoperative fluorescence visualization must not be considered as a main diagnostic or treatment method but as an aid to the surgeon. Thus, fluorescence study does not dispense the diagnostic gold standards of benign or malignant tumors (conventional examination, biopsy, ultrasonography and computed tomography, etc.) and can be done usually during intraoperative treatment. Moreover, as fluorescence surgery and fluorescence diagnostic techniques continue to improve, it is likely that they will evolve towards targeted fluorescence imaging probes that will increasingly target a specific type of cancer cell. The most important point remains the search for highly selective messengers of fluorescent labels, which make it possible to identify tumor cells exclusively in the affected organs and indicate to surgeons the boundaries of their spread and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Kravchenko
- Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Mykola Lyndin
- Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, 45147, Germany
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6
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Thomas BJ, Guldenpfennig C, Guan Y, Winkler C, Beecher M, Beedy M, Berendzen AF, Ma L, Daniels MA, Burke DH, Porciani D. Targeting lung cancer with clinically relevant EGFR mutations using anti-EGFR RNA aptamer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 34:102046. [PMID: 37869258 PMCID: PMC10589377 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
A significant fraction of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases are due to oncogenic mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Anti-EGFR antibodies have shown limited clinical benefit for NSCLC, whereas tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective, but resistance ultimately occurs. The current landscape suggests that alternative ligands that target wild-type and mutant EGFRs are desirable for targeted therapy or drug delivery development. Here we evaluate NSCLC targeting using an anti-EGFR aptamer (MinE07). We demonstrate that interaction sites of MinE07 overlap with clinically relevant antibodies targeting extracellular domain III and that MinE07 retains binding to EGFR harboring the most common oncogenic and resistance mutations. When MinE07 was linked to an anti-c-Met aptamer, the EGFR/c-Met bispecific aptamer (bsApt) showed superior labeling of NSCLC cells in vitro relative to monospecific aptamers. However, dual targeting in vivo did not improve the recognition of NSCLC xenografts compared to MinE07. Interestingly, biodistribution of Cy7-labeled bsApt differed significantly from Alexa Fluor 750-labeled bsApt. Overall, our findings demonstrate that aptamer formulations containing MinE07 can target ectopic lung cancer without additional stabilization or PEGylation and highlights the potential of MinE07 as a targeting reagent for the recognition of NSCLC harboring clinically relevant EGFRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Thomas
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Caitlyn Guldenpfennig
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Calvin Winkler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Margaret Beecher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Michaela Beedy
- Department of Biochemistry, Westminster College, Fulton, MO 65251, USA
| | - Ashley F. Berendzen
- Research Division/Biomolecular Imaging Center, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Lixin Ma
- Research Division/Biomolecular Imaging Center, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Mark A. Daniels
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Donald H. Burke
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - David Porciani
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Žmudová Z, Šanderová Z, Liegertová M, Vinopal S, Herma R, Sušický L, Müllerová M, Strašák T, Malý J. Biodistribution and toxicity assessment of methoxyphenyl phosphonium carbosilane dendrimers in 2D and 3D cell cultures of human cancer cells and zebrafish embryos. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15477. [PMID: 37726330 PMCID: PMC10509138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The consideration of human and environmental exposure to dendrimers, including cytotoxicity, acute toxicity, and cell and tissue accumulation, is essential due to their significant potential for various biomedical applications. This study aimed to evaluate the biodistribution and toxicity of a novel methoxyphenyl phosphonium carbosilane dendrimer, a potential mitochondria-targeting vector for cancer therapeutics, in 2D and 3D cancer cell cultures and zebrafish embryos. We assessed its cytotoxicity (via MTT, ATP, and Spheroid growth inhibition assays) and cellular biodistribution. The dendrimer cytotoxicity was higher in cancer cells, likely due to its specific targeting to the mitochondrial compartment. In vivo studies using zebrafish demonstrated dendrimer distribution within the vascular and gastrointestinal systems, indicating a biodistribution profile that may be beneficial for systemic therapeutic delivery strategies. The methoxyphenyl phosphonium carbosilane dendrimer shows promise for applications in cancer cell delivery, but additional studies are required to confirm these findings using alternative labelling methods and more physiologically relevant models. Our results contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the potential of carbosilane dendrimers as vectors for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Žmudová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Šanderová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Liegertová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic.
| | - Stanislav Vinopal
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Regina Herma
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Sušický
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Müllerová
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Strašák
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malý
- CENAB, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí Nad Labem, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
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Shamim M, Dinh J, Yang C, Nomura S, Kashiwagi S, Kang H, Choi HS, Henary M. Synthesis, Optical Properties, and In Vivo Biodistribution Performance of Polymethine Cyanine Fluorophores. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1192-1206. [PMID: 37588753 PMCID: PMC10425993 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) cyanine dyes showed enhanced properties for biomedical imaging. A systematic modification within the cyanine skeleton has been made through a facile design and synthetic route for optimal bioimaging. Herein, we report the synthesis of 11 NIR cyanine fluorophores and an investigation of their physicochemical properties, optical characteristics, photostability, and in vivo performance. All synthesized fluorophores absorb and emit within 610-817 nm in various solvents. These dyes also showed high molar extinction coefficients ranging from 27,000 to 270,000 cm-1 M-1, quantum yields 0.01 to 0.33, and molecular brightness 208-79,664 cm-1 M-1 in the tested solvents. Photostability data demonstrate that all tested fluorophores 28, 18, 20, 19, 25, and 24 are more photostable than the FDA-approved indocyanine green. In the biodistribution study, most compounds showed tissue-specific targeting to selectively accumulate in the adrenal glands, lymph nodes, or gallbladder while excreted to the hepatobiliary clearance route. Among the tested, compound 23 showed the best targetability to the bone marrow and lymph nodes. Since the safety of cyanine fluorophores is well established, rationally designed cyanine fluorophores established in the current study will expand an inventory of contrast agents for NIR imaging of not only normal tissues but also cancerous regions originating from these organs/tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shamim
- Department
of Chemistry, Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Jason Dinh
- Gordon
Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Chengeng Yang
- Gordon
Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Shinsuke Nomura
- Gordon
Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Satoshi Kashiwagi
- Gordon
Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Homan Kang
- Gordon
Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon
Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Maged Henary
- Department
of Chemistry, Center of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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9
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Experimental Methods for the Biological Evaluation of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Risks. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020612. [PMID: 36839932 PMCID: PMC9959606 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many novel medical therapies use nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, including nanomaterials through drug delivery systems, diagnostics, or physiologically active medicinal products. The approval of nanoparticles with advanced therapeutic and diagnostic potentials for applications in medication and immunization depends strongly on their synthesizing procedure, efficiency of functionalization, and biological safety and biocompatibility. Nanoparticle biodistribution, absorption, bioavailability, passage across biological barriers, and biodistribution are frequently assessed using bespoke and biological models. These methods largely rely on in vitro cell-based evaluations that cannot predict the complexity involved in preclinical and clinical studies. Therefore, assessing the nanoparticle risk has to involve pharmacokinetics, organ toxicity, and drug interactions manifested at multiple cellular levels. At the same time, there is a need for novel approaches to examine nanoparticle safety risks due to increased constraints on animal exploitation and the demand for high-throughput testing. We focus here on biological evaluation methodologies that provide access to nanoparticle interactions with the organism (positive or negative via toxicity). This work aimed to provide a perception regarding the risks associated with the utilization of nanoparticle-based formulations with a particular focus on assays applied to assess the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials.
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Schraven S, Rosenhain S, Brueck R, Wiechmann TM, Pola R, Etrych T, Lederle W, Lammers T, Gremse F, Kiessling F. Dye labeling for optical imaging biases drug carriers' biodistribution and tumor uptake. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 48:102650. [PMID: 36623712 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Biodistribution analyses of nanocarriers are often performed with optical imaging. Though dye tags can interact with transporters, e.g., organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs), their influence on biodistribution was hardly studied. Therefore, this study compared tumor cell uptake and biodistribution (in A431 tumor-bearing mice) of four near-infrared fluorescent dyes (AF750, IRDye750, Cy7, DY-750) and dye-labeled poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide)-based nanocarriers (dye-pHPMAs). Tumor cell uptake of hydrophobic dyes (Cy7, DY-750) was higher than that of hydrophilic dyes (AF750, IRDye750), and was actively mediated but not related to OATPs. Free dyes' elimination depended on their hydrophobicity, and tumor uptake correlated with blood circulation times. Dye-pHPMAs circulated longer and accumulated stronger in tumors than free dyes. Dye labeling significantly influenced nanocarriers' tumor accumulation and biodistribution. Therefore, low-interference dyes and further exploration of dye tags are required to achieve the most unbiased results possible. In our assessment, AF750 and IRDye750 best qualified for labeling hydrophilic nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Schraven
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Rosenhain
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Gremse-IT GmbH, Dennewartstrasse 25, 52068 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ramona Brueck
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Marvin Wiechmann
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Pola
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wiltrud Lederle
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Gremse
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Gremse-IT GmbH, Dennewartstrasse 25, 52068 Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Fraunhofer MEVIS, Institute for Medical Image Computing, Aachen, Germany.
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11
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Mettenbrink EM, Yang W, Wilhelm S. Bioimaging with Upconversion Nanoparticles. ADVANCED PHOTONICS RESEARCH 2022; 3:2200098. [PMID: 36686152 PMCID: PMC9858112 DOI: 10.1002/adpr.202200098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bioimaging enables the spatiotemporal visualization of biological processes at various scales empowered by a range of different imaging modalities and contrast agents. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) represent a distinct type of such contrast agents with the potential to transform bioimaging due to their unique optical properties and functional design flexibilities. This review explores and discusses the opportunities, challenges, and limitations that UCNPs exhibit as bioimaging probes and highlights applications with spatial dimensions ranging from the single nanoparticle level to cellular, tissue, and whole animal imaging. We further summarized recent advancements in bioimaging applications enabled by UCNPs, including super-resolution techniques and multimodal imaging methods, and provide a perspective on the future potential of UCNP-based technologies in bioimaging research and clinical translation. This review may provide a valuable resource for researchers interested in exploring and applying UCNP-based bioimaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M. Mettenbrink
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA
| | - Wen Yang
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA
| | - Stefan Wilhelm
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Technology (IBEST), University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA
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12
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Yuan Y, Lu F. A Flexible Chamber for Time-Lapse Live-Cell Imaging with Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy. J Vis Exp 2022:10.3791/64449. [PMID: 36121285 PMCID: PMC9631341 DOI: 10.3791/64449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy is a label-free chemical imaging technology. Live-cell imaging with SRS has been demonstrated for many biological and biomedical applications. However, long-term time-lapse SRS imaging of live cells has not been widely adopted. SRS microscopy often uses a high numerical aperture (NA) water-immersion objective and a high NA oil-immersion condenser to achieve high-resolution imaging. In this case, the gap between the objective and the condenser is only a few millimeters. Therefore, most commercial stage-top environmental chambers cannot be used for SRS imaging because of their large thickness with a rigid glass cover. This paper describes the design and fabrication of a flexible chamber that can be used for time-lapse live-cell imaging with transmitted SRS signal detection on an upright microscope frame. The flexibility of the chamber is achieved by using a soft material - a thin natural rubber film. The new enclosure and chamber design can be easily added to an existing SRS imaging setup. The testing and preliminary results demonstrate that the flexible chamber system enables stable, long-term, time-lapse SRS imaging of live cells, which can be used for various bioimaging applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York
| | - Fake Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York;
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13
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Friedrich RP, Kappes M, Cicha I, Tietze R, Braun C, Schneider-Stock R, Nagy R, Alexiou C, Janko C. Optical Microscopy Systems for the Detection of Unlabeled Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2139-2163. [PMID: 35599750 PMCID: PMC9115408 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s355007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Label-free detection of nanoparticles is essential for a thorough evaluation of their cellular effects. In particular, nanoparticles intended for medical applications must be carefully analyzed in terms of their interactions with cells, tissues, and organs. Since the labeling causes a strong change in the physicochemical properties and thus also alters the interactions of the particles with the surrounding tissue, the use of fluorescently labeled particles is inadequate to characterize the effects of unlabeled particles. Further, labeling may affect cellular uptake and biocompatibility of nanoparticles. Thus, label-free techniques have been recently developed and implemented to ensure a reliable characterization of nanoparticles. This review provides an overview of frequently used label-free visualization techniques and highlights recent studies on the development and usage of microscopy systems based on reflectance, darkfield, differential interference contrast, optical coherence, photothermal, holographic, photoacoustic, total internal reflection, surface plasmon resonance, Rayleigh light scattering, hyperspectral and reflectance structured illumination imaging. Using these imaging modalities, there is a strong enhancement in the reliability of experiments concerning cellular uptake and biocompatibility of nanoparticles, which is crucial for preclinical evaluations and future medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Mona Kappes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Iwona Cicha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Rainer Tietze
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Christian Braun
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, 80336, Germany
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Roland Nagy
- Department Elektrotechnik-Elektronik-Informationstechnik (EEI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
- Correspondence: Christina Janko, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Glückstrasse 10a, Erlangen, 91054, Germany, Tel +49 9131 85 33142, Fax +49 9131 85 34808, Email
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14
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Barguilla I, Unzueta U, Carratalá JV, Cano-Garrido O, Villaverde A, Hernández A, Ferrer-Miralles N. Toxicity Profiling of Bacterial Inclusion Bodies in Human Caco-2 Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:842256. [PMID: 35573225 PMCID: PMC9099286 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.842256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial inclusion bodies (IBs) are discrete macromolecular complexes that appear in recombinant prokaryotic cells under stress conditions. These structures are often discarded for biotechnological uses given the difficulty in recovering proteins of interest from them in a soluble form. However, recent approaches have revealed the potential of these protein clusters as biomaterials to promote cell growth and as protein depots for the release of recombinant proteins for biotechnological and biomedical applications. Although these kinds of natural supramolecular complexes have attracted great interest, no comprehensive study of their toxicity in cell cultures has been carried out. In this study, caco-2 cells were exposed to natural IBs, soluble protein-only nanoparticles (NPs), and non-assembled versions of the same protein for comparative purposes. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity were analyzed for all these protein formats. Natural IBs and soluble protein formats demonstrated their safety in eukaryotic cells. No cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, or oxidative stress was detected in caco-2 cells exposed to the protein samples in any of the experimental conditions evaluated, which covered protein concentrations used in previous biological activity assays. These conditions evaluated the activity of protein samples obtained from three prokaryotic hosts [Escherichia coli and the endotoxin-free expression systems Lactococcus lactis and ClearColi® BL21 (DE3)]. Our results demonstrate that natural IBs and soluble protein nanoparticles are non-toxic materials for eukaryotic cells and that this may represent an interesting alternative to the classical unassembled format of recombinant proteins for certain applications in biotechnology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Barguilla
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Center for Biomedical Research in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Vicente Carratalá
- Networking Center for Biomedical Research in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Olivia Cano-Garrido
- Networking Center for Biomedical Research in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Networking Center for Biomedical Research in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Neus Ferrer-Miralles, ; Alba Hernández,
| | - Neus Ferrer-Miralles
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Networking Center for Biomedical Research in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- *Correspondence: Neus Ferrer-Miralles, ; Alba Hernández,
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15
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Le TS, Takahashi M, Isozumi N, Miyazato A, Hiratsuka Y, Matsumura K, Taguchi T, Maenosono S. Quick and Mild Isolation of Intact Lysosomes Using Magnetic-Plasmonic Hybrid Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2022; 16:885-896. [PMID: 34978188 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and efficient isolation of intact lysosomes is necessary to study their functions and metabolites by proteomic analysis. We developed a swift and robust nanoparticle-based magnetic separation method in which magnetic-plasmonic hybrid nanoparticles (MPNPs) conjugated with amino dextran (aDxt) were targeted to the lumen of lysosomes via the endocytosis pathway. For well-directed magnetic separation of the lysosomes, it is important to trace the intracellular trafficking of the aDxt-conjugated MPNPs (aDxt-MPNPs) in the endocytosis pathway. Therefore, we analyzed the intracellular transport process of the aDxt-MPNPs by investigating the time-dependent colocalization of plasmonic scattering of aDxt-MPNPs and immunostained marker proteins of organelles using the threshold Manders' colocalization coefficient (Rt). Detailed analysis of time variations of Rt for early and late endosomes and lysosomes allowed us to derive the transport kinetics of aDxt-MPNPs in a cell. After confirming the incubation time required for sufficient accumulation of aDxt-MPNPs in lysosomes, the lysosomes were magnetically isolated as intact as possible. By varying the elapsed time from homogenization to complete isolation of lysosomes (tdelay) and temperature (T), the influences of tdelay and T on the protein composition of the lysosomes were investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and amino acid analysis. We found that the intactness of lysosomes could become impaired quite quickly, and to isolate lysosomes as intact as possible with high purity, tdelay = 30 min and T = 4 °C were optimal settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- The Son Le
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Mari Takahashi
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Isozumi
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Akio Miyazato
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hiratsuka
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matsumura
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aoba, Sendai Aoba-ku, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shinya Maenosono
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
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16
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Serna N, Falgàs A, García-León A, Unzueta U, Núñez Y, Sánchez-Chardi A, Martínez-Torró C, Mangues R, Vazquez E, Casanova I, Villaverde A. Time-Prolonged Release of Tumor-Targeted Protein-MMAE Nanoconjugates from Implantable Hybrid Materials. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010192. [PMID: 35057088 PMCID: PMC8777625 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The sustained release of small, tumor-targeted cytotoxic drugs is an unmet need in cancer therapies, which usually rely on punctual administration regimens of non-targeted drugs. Here, we have developed a novel concept of protein–drug nanoconjugates, which are packaged as slow-releasing chemically hybrid depots and sustain a prolonged secretion of the therapeutic agent. For this, we covalently attached hydrophobic molecules (including the antitumoral drug Monomethyl Auristatin E) to a protein targeting a tumoral cell surface marker abundant in several human neoplasias, namely the cytokine receptor CXCR4. By this, a controlled aggregation of the complex is achieved, resulting in mechanically stable protein–drug microparticles. These materials, which are mimetics of bacterial inclusion bodies and of mammalian secretory granules, allow the slow leakage of fully functional conjugates at the nanoscale, both in vitro and in vivo. Upon subcutaneous administration in a mouse model of human CXCR4+ lymphoma, the protein–drug depots release nanoconjugates for at least 10 days, which accumulate in the tumor with a potent antitumoral effect. The modification of scaffold cell-targeted proteins by hydrophobic drug conjugation is then shown as a novel transversal platform for the design of slow releasing protein–drug depots, with potential application in a broad spectrum of clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naroa Serna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Aïda Falgàs
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annabel García-León
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yáiza Núñez
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi
- Servei de Microscòpia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Torró
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Ramón Mangues
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Vazquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Isolda Casanova
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.S.); (C.M.-T.); (E.V.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.F.); (A.G.-L.); (Y.N.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (A.V.)
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17
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Ural MS, Dartois E, Mathurin J, Desmaële D, Collery P, Dazzi A, Deniset-Besseau A, Gref R. Quantification of drug loading in polymeric nanoparticles using AFM-IR technique: a novel method to map and evaluate drug distribution in drug nanocarriers. Analyst 2022; 147:5564-5578. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01079h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy allows individual nanoparticle mapping and determination of their drug loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Seray Ural
- Institut de Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS UMR 8214, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Emmanuel Dartois
- Institut de Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS UMR 8214, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Jérémie Mathurin
- Institut de Chimie Physique (ICP), CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Didier Desmaële
- Institut Galien (IGPS), CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Philippe Collery
- Society for the Coordination of Therapeutic Research, 20220, Algajola, France
| | - Alexandre Dazzi
- Institut de Chimie Physique (ICP), CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ariane Deniset-Besseau
- Institut de Chimie Physique (ICP), CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Ruxandra Gref
- Institut de Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS UMR 8214, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
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18
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Roychoudhury P, Golubeva A, Dąbek P, Gloc M, Dobrucka R, Kurzydłowski K, Witkowski A. Diatom Mediated Production of Fluorescent Flower Shaped Silver-Silica Nanohybrid. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237284. [PMID: 34885439 PMCID: PMC8658300 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of flower-like nanostructures are gaining attention because of their high surface/volume ratio and extensive adsorption capacity. In the present investigation, flower-shaped, autofluorescent silver-silica (Ag-SiO2) hybrid nanoparticles have been fabricated exploiting diatoms as a source of nanosilica. Two different species of Gedaniella including G. flavovirens and G. mutabilis showed their efficacy in synthesizing fluorescent Ag-SiO2 nanoflowers (NFs) and nanospheres (NSs) against 9 mM silver nitrate solution, respectively. The biogenic nanoconjugate (Ag-SiO2) was characterized by Uv-vis spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. Production of Ag-SiO2 hybrid nanoparticle was confirmed by observing both Ag and Si signals from a single nanoparticle in an EDS study. The broad and single absorption band at ~420 nm in Uv-vis spectroscopy confirmed proper miscibility and production of hybrid nanoparticles. The Ag-SiO2 nanohybrids revealed autofluorescent property under the blue light region (excitation ~450–490 nm). SEM images of particles synthesized by G. flavovirens revealed the production of microscopic flower shaped Ag-SiO2 particles with several layers of petals. A TEM study confirmed that the synthesized Ag-SiO2 NFs are variable in size with 100–500 nm in diameter. Decolorization of methylene blue after exposure to Ag-SiO2 particles confirmed catalytic activity of synthesized nanostructures. This eco-friendly method provides a new dimension in nanobiotechnology for biogenesis of such hierarchical nanostructure in a cost-effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piya Roychoudhury
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland; (A.G.); (P.D.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Aleksandra Golubeva
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland; (A.G.); (P.D.); (A.W.)
| | - Przemysław Dąbek
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland; (A.G.); (P.D.); (A.W.)
| | - Michał Gloc
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); or (R.D.)
| | - Renata Dobrucka
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (M.G.); or (R.D.)
- Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Institute of Quality Science, Poznań University of Economics and Business, al. Niepodległości 10, 61-875 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kurzydłowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Białystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45c, 15-351 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Witkowski
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Mickiewicza 16a, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland; (A.G.); (P.D.); (A.W.)
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19
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Bonnet S, Elfatairi R, Franconi F, Roger E, Legeay S. Organic nanoparticle tracking during pharmacokinetic studies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2539-2536. [PMID: 34814704 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand how nanoparticles (NPs) interact with biological barriers and to ensure they maintain their integrity over time, it is crucial to study their in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. Many methods of tracking have been used to describe the in vivo fate of NPs and to evaluate their PKs and structural integrity. However, they do not deliver the same level of information and this may cause misinterpretations. Here, the authors review and discuss the different methods for in vivo tracking of organic NPs. Among them, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) presents great potential to track NPs' integrity. However, FRET still requires validated methods to extract and quantify NPs in biological fluids and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bonnet
- Université d'Angers, PRISM, SFR ICAT, Plate-forme de recherche en imagerie et spectroscopie multi-modales, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Rana Elfatairi
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Florence Franconi
- Université d'Angers, PRISM, SFR ICAT, Plate-forme de recherche en imagerie et spectroscopie multi-modales, Angers F-49000, France.,Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Emilie Roger
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Samuel Legeay
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
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Calvo A, Moreno E, Clemente U, Pérez E, Larrea E, Sanmartín C, Irache JM, Espuelas S. Changes in the nanoparticle uptake and distribution caused by an intramacrophagic parasitic infection. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17486-17503. [PMID: 34651151 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03797h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates if visceral leishmaniasis (VL) infection has some effects on the organ and cellular uptake and distribution of 100-200 nm near-infrared fluorescently labelled non-biodegradable polystyrene latex beads (PS NPs) or biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic nanoparticles (PLGA NPs), as this parasitic infection produces morphological alterations in liver, spleen and bone marrow, organs highly involved in NP sequestration. The results showed that the magnitude of the effect was specific for each organ and type of NP. With the exception of the liver, the general trend was a decrease in NP organ and cellular uptake, mostly due to immune cell mobilization and/or weight organ gain, as vascular permeability was increased. Moreover, NPs redistributed among different phagocytic cells to adapt infection associated changes and cellular alterations. In the liver, it is noteworthy that only isolated Kuffer cells (KCs) captured NPs, whereas they were not taken up by KC forming granulomas. In the spleen, NPs redistributed from macrophages and dendritic cells towards B cells and inflammatory monocytes although they maintained their preferential accumulation in the marginal zone and red pulp. Comparatively, the infection rarely affected the NP cellular distribution in the bone marrow. NP cellular target changes in VL infection could affect their therapeutic efficacy and should be considered for more efficient drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Calvo
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Unai Clemente
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enma Pérez
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Larrea
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- ISTUN Institute of Tropical Health, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdisNA, Spain
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21
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Álamo P, Cedano J, Conchillo-Sole O, Cano-Garrido O, Alba-Castellon L, Serna N, Aviñó A, Carrasco-Diaz LM, Sánchez-Chardi A, Martinez-Torró C, Gallardo A, Cano M, Eritja R, Villaverde A, Mangues R, Vazquez E, Unzueta U. Rational engineering of a human GFP-like protein scaffold for humanized targeted nanomedicines. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:211-222. [PMID: 34116228 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a widely used scaffold for protein-based targeted nanomedicines because of its high biocompatibility, biological neutrality and outstanding structural stability. However, being immunogenicity a major concern in the development of drug carriers, the use of exogenous proteins such as GFP in clinics might be inadequate. Here we report a human nidogen-derived protein (HSNBT), rationally designed to mimic the structural and functional properties of GFP as a scaffold for nanomedicine. For that, a GFP-like β-barrel, containing the G2 domain of the human nidogen, has been rationally engineered to obtain a biologically neutral protein that self-assembles as 10nm-nanoparticles. This scaffold is the basis of a humanized nanoconjugate, where GFP, from the well-characterized protein T22-GFP-H6, has been substituted by the nidogen-derived GFP-like HSNBT protein. The resulting construct T22-HSNBT-H6, is a humanized CXCR4-targeted nanoparticle that selectively delivers conjugated genotoxic Floxuridine into cancer CXCR4+ cells. Indeed, the administration of T22-HSNBT-H6-FdU in a CXCR4-overexpressing colorectal cancer mouse model results in an even more efficient selective antitumoral effect than that shown by its GFP-counterpart, in absence of systemic toxicity. Therefore, the newly developed GFP-like protein scaffold appears as an ideal candidate for the development of humanized protein nanomaterials and successfully supports the tumor-targeted nanoscale drug T22-HSNBT-H6-FdU. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Targeted nanomedicine seeks for humanized and biologically neutral protein carriers as alternative of widely used but immunogenic exogenous protein scaffolds such as green fluorescent protein (GFP). This work reports for the first time the rational engineering of a human homolog of the GFP based in the human nidogen (named HSNBT) that shows full potential to be used in humanized protein-based targeted nanomedicines. This has been demonstrated in T22-HSNBT-H6-FdU, a humanized CXCR4-targeted protein nanoconjugate able to selectively deliver its genotoxic load into cancer cells.
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Park JY, You SJ, Park K, Song YJ, Park JS, Yang DH, Kim JK, Chun HJ, Khang G. Cyclic RGDfK- and Sulfo-Cy5.5-functionalized mPEG-PCL theranostic nanosystems for hepatocellular carcinoma. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Cano-Garrido O, Álamo P, Sánchez-García L, Falgàs A, Sánchez-Chardi A, Serna N, Parladé E, Unzueta U, Roldán M, Voltà-Durán E, Casanova I, Villaverde A, Mangues R, Vázquez E. Biparatopic Protein Nanoparticles for the Precision Therapy of CXCR4 + Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122929. [PMID: 34208189 PMCID: PMC8230831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aimed at minimizing side toxicities cancer therapies require appropriate functional vehicles at the nanoscale, for receptor-mediated tumor-targeted drug delivery. The aim of the present study was to explore the human peptide EPI-X4 as a CXCR4-targeting agent in self-assembled, protein-only nanoparticles. While the systemic tumor biodistribution of EPI-X4-based materials is modest, this peptide shows potent proapoptotic effects on CXCR4+ cancer cells. Interestingly, the in vivo selectivity of EPI-X4 was dramatically improved, once combined into biparatopic nanoparticles, with a second CXCR4 ligand, the peptide T22. Biparatopic nanoparticles promote a highly selective tumor destruction in a mouse model of human colorectal cancer, probably associated to the CXCR4 antagonist role of EPI-X4. This study not only validates a new human ligand of the tumoral marker CXCR4, but it also offers a novel strategy for the combination, in protein nanoparticles, of dual acting ligands of tumoral markers for highly selective drug delivery. Abstract The accumulated molecular knowledge about human cancer enables the identification of multiple cell surface markers as highly specific therapeutic targets. A proper tumor targeting could significantly avoid drug exposure of healthy cells, minimizing side effects, but it is also expected to increase the therapeutic index. Specifically, colorectal cancer has a particularly poor prognosis in late stages, being drug targeting an appropriate strategy to substantially improve the therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we have explored the potential of the human albumin-derived peptide, EPI-X4, as a suitable ligand to target colorectal cancer via the cell surface protein CXCR4, a chemokine receptor overexpressed in cancer stem cells. To explore the potential use of this ligand, self-assembling protein nanoparticles have been generated displaying an engineered EPI-X4 version, which conferred a modest CXCR4 targeting and fast and high level of cell apoptosis in tumor CXCR4+ cells, in vitro and in vivo. In addition, when EPI-X4-based building blocks are combined with biologically inert polypeptides containing the CXCR4 ligand T22, the resulting biparatopic nanoparticles show a dramatically improved biodistribution in mouse models of CXCR4+ human cancer, faster cell internalization and enhanced target cell death when compared to the version based on a single ligand. The generation of biparatopic materials opens exciting possibilities in oncotherapies based on high precision drug delivery based on the receptor CXCR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Cano-Garrido
- Nanoligent SL, Edifici EUREKA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-G.); (N.S.)
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.-G.); (E.P.); (E.V.-D.)
| | - Patricia Álamo
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Contra la Leucemia Josep Carreras, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-García
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.-G.); (E.P.); (E.V.-D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aïda Falgàs
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Contra la Leucemia Josep Carreras, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Servei de Microscòpia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Naroa Serna
- Nanoligent SL, Edifici EUREKA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (O.C.-G.); (N.S.)
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.-G.); (E.P.); (E.V.-D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
| | - Eloi Parladé
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.-G.); (E.P.); (E.V.-D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Contra la Leucemia Josep Carreras, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Roldán
- Unitat de Microscòpia Confocal i Imatge Cel·lular, Servei de Medicina Genètica i Molecular, Institut Pediàtric de Malalties Rares (IPER), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eric Voltà-Durán
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.-G.); (E.P.); (E.V.-D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isolda Casanova
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Contra la Leucemia Josep Carreras, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.-G.); (E.P.); (E.V.-D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (R.M.); (E.V.)
| | - Ramón Mangues
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Ma Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Contra la Leucemia Josep Carreras, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (R.M.); (E.V.)
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (L.S.-G.); (E.P.); (E.V.-D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.Á.); (A.F.); (U.U.); (I.C.)
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (R.M.); (E.V.)
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