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Chintapula U, Karim SU, Iyer PR, Asokan-Sheeja H, Neupane B, Nazneen F, Dong H, Bai F, Nguyen KT. A novel nanocomposite drug delivery system for SARS-CoV-2 infections. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3747-3758. [PMID: 39050946 PMCID: PMC11265598 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00361f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
To develop an inhalable drug delivery system, we synthesized poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles with Remdesivir (RDV NPs) as an antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 replication and formulated Remdesivir-loaded nanocomposites (RDV NCs) via coating of RDV NPs with novel supramolecular cell-penetrating peptide nanofibers (NFs) to enhance cellular uptake and intracellular drug delivery. RDV NPs and RDV NCs were characterized using variou techniques, including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and fluorescent microscopy. The cytotoxicity of RDV NCs was assessed in Vero E6 cells and primary human lung epithelial cells, with no significant cytotoxicity observed up to 1000 μg mL-1 and 48 h. RDV NCs were spherically shaped with a size range of 200-300 nm and a zeta potential of ∼+31 mV as well as indicating the presence of coated nanofibers. Reverse Transcription-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), immunofluorescence and plaque assays of SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 treated with RDV NCs showed significantly higher antiviral activities compared to those of free drug and uncoated RDV NPs. RDV NCs exhibited high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, and the nanocomposite platform has the potential to be developed into an inhalable drug delivery system for other viral infections in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Chintapula
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76010 USA
| | - Shazeed-Ul Karim
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | | | - Haritha Asokan-Sheeja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76010 USA
| | - Biswas Neupane
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - Farzana Nazneen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - He Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76010 USA
| | - Fengwei Bai
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA
| | - Kytai T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76010 USA
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Koohzad F, Asoodeh A. Development of a highly porous bioscaffold by the combination of bubble entrapping and freezing-thawing techniques to fabricate hyaluronic acid/gelatin tri-layer wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129206. [PMID: 38246452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The electrospun nanofibers and porous scaffolds hold great promise in regenerative medicine. A novel nanofiber-hydrogel‑silicone tri-layer wound dressing has been designed and fabricated to address the limitations of each platform. The bottom nanofiber layer with a 110 mm diameter meets the wound surface and regulates cell attachment and migration. The middle hydrogel layer was fabricated through the optimization of chemical crosslink formation and freezing-thawing cycles (physical crosslink). The fabricated hydrogel with interconnected porous structure has optimized properties (gel fraction (89.45 %) and porosity (80 %)) for wound dressing application. The silicone layer on the outer surface was designed to fix the wound dressing on the skin and prevent the penetration of pathogens. The scanning electron microscope micrograph showed structural integrity in the tri-layer scaffold. In vivo data showed that the tri-layer scaffold accelerates wound healing in the mice model and angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane model. Therefore, the designed scaffold inspired by the skin's structure can be used as a wound dressing to treat wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Koohzad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Asoodeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
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Emam MH, Elezaby RS, Swidan SA, Hathout RM. Nanofiberous facemasks as protectives against pandemic respiratory viruses. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024; 18:127-143. [PMID: 38753449 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2356601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Wearing protective face masks and respirators has been a necessity to reduce the transmission rate of respiratory viruses since the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) disease. Nevertheless, the outbreak has revealed the need to develop efficient air filter materials and innovative anti-microbial protectives. Nanofibrous facemasks, either loaded with antiviral nanoparticles or not, are very promising personal protective equipment (PPE) against pandemic respiratory viruses. AREAS COVERED In this review, multiple types of face masks and respirators are discussed as well as filtration mechanisms of particulates. In this regard, the limitations of traditional face masks were summarized and the advancement of nanotechnology in developing nanofibrous masks and air filters was discussed. Different methods of preparing nanofibers were explained. The various approaches used for enhancing nanofibrous face masks were covered. EXPERT OPINION Although wearing conventional face masks can limit viral infection spread to some extent, the world is in great need for more protective face masks. Nanofibers can block viral particles efficiently and can be incorporated into face masks in order to enhance their filtration efficiency. Also, we believe that other modifications such as addition of antiviral nanoparticles can significantly increase the protection power of facemasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merna H Emam
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham S Elezaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shady A Swidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- The Centre for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Hathout
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Boroumand S, Majidi RF, Gheibi A, Majidi RF. Selenium nanoparticles incorporated in nanofibers media eliminate H1N1 activity: a novel approach for virucidal antiviral and antibacterial respiratory mask. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2360-2376. [PMID: 38063966 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The consecutive viral infectious outbreaks impose severe complications on public health besides the economic burden which led to great interest in antiviral personal protective equipment (PPE). Nanofiber-based respiratory mask has been introduced as a significant barrier to eliminate the airborne transmission from aerosols toward reduction the viral infection spreading. Herein, selenium nanoparticles incorporated in polyamide 6 nanofibers coated on spunbond nonwoven were synthesized via electrospinning technique (PA6@SeNPs), with an average diameter of 180 ± 2 nm. The nanofiber-coated media were tested for 0.3 μm particulate filtration efficiency based on Standard NIOSH (42 CFR 84). PA6@SeNPs had a pressure drop of 45 ± 2 Pa and particulate filtration efficiency of more than 97.33 which is comparable to the N95 respiratory mask. The bacterial killing efficiency of these nanofibers was 91.25% and 16.67% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), respectively. Furthermore, the virucidal antiviral test for H1N1 infected Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells (MDCK) exhibited TCID50 of 108.13, 105.88, and 105.5 for 2, 10, and 120 min of exposure times in comparison with 108.5, 107.5, and 106.5 in PA6 nanofibers as control sample. MTT assay indicated excellent biocompatibility of electrospun PA6@SeNP nanofibers on L292 cells. These results propose the PA6@SeNP nanofibers have a high potential to be used as an efficient layer in respiratory masks for protection against respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Gheibi
- Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (Fnm Co. Ltd.), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi Majidi
- Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (Fnm Co. Ltd.), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Tian Y, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Luan F, Wang Y, Lai F, Ouyang D, Tao Y. Combining MSC Exosomes and Cerium Oxide Nanocrystals for Enhanced Dry Eye Syndrome Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2301. [PMID: 37765270 PMCID: PMC10536361 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a prevalent ocular disorder involving diminishe·d tear production and increased tear evaporation, leading to ocular discomfort and potential surface damage. Inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of DES. Inflammation is one core cause of the DES vicious cycle. Moreover, there are ROS that regulate inflammation in the cycle from the upstream, which leads to treatment failure in current therapies that merely target inflammation. In this study, we developed a novel therapeutic nanoparticle approach by growing cerium oxide (Ce) nanocrystals in situ on mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCExos), creating MSCExo-Ce. The combined properties of MSCExos and cerium oxide nanocrystals aim to target the "inflammation-ROS-injury" pathological mechanism in DES. We hypothesized that this approach would provide a new treatment option for patients with DES. Our analysis confirmed the successful in situ crystallization of cerium onto MSCExos, and MSCExo-Ce displayed excellent biocompatibility. In vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that MSCExo-Ce promotes corneal cell growth, scavenges ROS, and more effectively suppresses inflammation compared with MSCExos alone. MSCExo-Ce also demonstrated the ability to alleviate DES symptoms and reverse pathological alterations at both the cellular and tissue levels. In conclusion, our findings highlight the potential of MSCExo-Ce as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yiquan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fuxiao Luan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fan Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan, Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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McDonagh PR, Gobalakrishnan S, Rabender C, Vijayaragavan V, Zweit J. Molecular Imaging Investigations of Polymer-Coated Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles as a Radioprotective Therapeutic Candidate. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2144. [PMID: 37631358 PMCID: PMC10457862 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) have a unique surface redox chemistry that appears to selectively protect normal tissues from radiation induced damage. Our prior research exploring the biocompatibility of polymer-coated CONPs found further study of poly-acrylic acid (PAA)-coated CONPs was warranted due to improved systemic biodistribution and rapid renal clearance. This work further explores PAA-CONPs' radioprotective efficacy and mechanism of action related to tumor microenvironment pH. An ex vivo TUNEL assay was used to measure PAA-CONPs' protection of the irradiated mouse colon in comparison to the established radioprotector amifostine. [18F]FDG PET imaging of spontaneous colon tumors was utilized to determine the effects of PAA-CONPs on tumor radiation response. In vivo MRI and an ex vivo clonogenic assay were used to determine pH effects on PAA-CONPs' radioprotection in irradiated tumor-bearing mice. PAA-CONPs showed excellent radioprotective efficacy in the normal colon that was equivalent to uncoated CONPs and amifostine. [18F]FDG PET imaging showed PAA-CONPs do not affect tumor response to radiation. Normalization of tumor pH allowed some radioprotection of tumors by PAA-CONPs, which may explain their lack of tumor radioprotection in the acidic tumor microenvironment. Overall, PAA-CONPs meet the criteria for clinical application as a radioprotective therapeutic agent and are an excellent candidate for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Reed McDonagh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Sundaresan Gobalakrishnan
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Christopher Rabender
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Vimalan Vijayaragavan
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Jamal Zweit
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Center for Molecular Imaging, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
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