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Acharya BR, Gill SP, Kaundal A, Sandhu D. Strategies for combating plant salinity stress: the potential of plant growth-promoting microorganisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1406913. [PMID: 39077513 PMCID: PMC11284086 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1406913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change and the decreasing availability of high-quality water lead to an increase in the salinization of agricultural lands. This rising salinity represents a significant abiotic stressor that detrimentally influences plant physiology and gene expression. Consequently, critical processes such as seed germination, growth, development, and yield are adversely affected. Salinity severely impacts crop yields, given that many crop plants are sensitive to salt stress. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) in the rhizosphere or the rhizoplane of plants are considered the "second genome" of plants as they contribute significantly to improving the plant growth and fitness of plants under normal conditions and when plants are under stress such as salinity. PGPMs are crucial in assisting plants to navigate the harsh conditions imposed by salt stress. By enhancing water and nutrient absorption, which is often hampered by high salinity, these microorganisms significantly improve plant resilience. They bolster the plant's defenses by increasing the production of osmoprotectants and antioxidants, mitigating salt-induced damage. Furthermore, PGPMs supply growth-promoting hormones like auxins and gibberellins and reduce levels of the stress hormone ethylene, fostering healthier plant growth. Importantly, they activate genes responsible for maintaining ion balance, a vital aspect of plant survival in saline environments. This review underscores the multifaceted roles of PGPMs in supporting plant life under salt stress, highlighting their value for agriculture in salt-affected areas and their potential impact on global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa R. Acharya
- US Salinity Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Riverside, CA, United States
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Satwinder Pal Gill
- Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agricultural and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Amita Kaundal
- Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agricultural and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Devinder Sandhu
- US Salinity Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Riverside, CA, United States
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Acharya BR, Zhao C, Reyes LAR, Ferreira JFS, Sandhu D. Understanding the salt overly sensitive pathway in Prunus: Identification and characterization of NHX, CIPK, and CBL genes. THE PLANT GENOME 2024; 17:e20371. [PMID: 37493242 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a major abiotic stress factor that can significantly impact crop growth, and productivity. In response to salt stress, the plant Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway regulates the homeostasis of intracellular sodium ion concentration. The SOS1, SOS2, and SOS3 genes play critical roles in the SOS pathway, which belongs to the members of Na+/H+ exchanger (NHX), CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK), and calcineurin B-like (CBL) gene families, respectively. In this study, we performed genome-wide identifications and phylogenetic analyses of NHX, CIPK, and CBL genes in six Rosaceae species: Prunus persica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus mume, Prunus armeniaca, Pyrus ussuriensis × Pyrus communis, and Rosa chinensis. NHX, CIPK, and CBL genes of Arabidopsis thaliana were used as controls for phylogenetic analyses. Our analysis revealed the lineage-specific and adaptive evolutions of Rosaceae genes. Our observations indicated the existence of two primary classes of CIPK genes: those that are intron-rich and those that are intron-less. Intron-rich CIPKs in Rosaceae and Arabidopsis can be traced back to algae CIPKs and CIPKs found in early plants, suggesting that intron-less CIPKs evolved from their intron-rich counterparts. This study identified one gene for each member of the SOS signaling pathway in P. persica: PpSOS1, PpSOS2, and PpSOS3. Gene expression analyses indicated that all three genes of P. persica were expressed in roots and leaves. Yeast two-hybrid-based protein-protein interaction analyses revealed a direct interaction between PpSOS3 and PpSOS2; and between PpSOS2 and PpSOS1C-terminus region. Our findings indicate that the SOS signaling pathway is highly conserved in P. persica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa R Acharya
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, USA
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Chaoyang Zhao
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, USA
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Lorenso Antonio Rodriguez Reyes
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, USA
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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Garcia A, Grover K, VanLeeuwen D, Stringam B, Schutte B. Growth and Performance of Guar ( Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) Genotypes under Various Irrigation Regimes with and without Biogenic Silica Amendment in Arid Southwest US. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2486. [PMID: 37447046 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Guar is a potential crop that can be grown as a forage or as a seed crop in arid to semi-arid regions due to its low water requirements and tolerance to heat. Optimizing irrigation water use is important for making alternative crops such as guar a sustainable option. Amendments such as biogenic silica, a sedimentary rock from a biogenic source such as fossils, may help plants tolerate water stress due to reduced irrigation. The objective of the current study was to evaluate seed yield and attribute components and agronomic and physiological parameters for four guar genotypes (Matador, Kinman, Lewis, and NMSU 15-G1) under five drip irrigation regimes (I1-normal irrigation, I2-no irrigation at 75% pod formation, I3-no irrigation at 50% and 75% pod formation, I4-terminate irrigation at flowering, and I5-terminate irrigation at flowering + biogenic silica amendment) at Las Cruces in southern New Mexico, USA, from 2016 to 2018. On average, the I1 irrigation regime produced the highest guar seed yield (2715 kg ha-1) followed by I5 (2469 kg ha-1) from 2016 to 2018. As compared to the I1 regime, the I2 and I3 regimes resulted in a 20.8% and 23.4% decline in guar seed yield, respectively, on average from 2016 to 2018. The results suggest that the addition of biogenic silica might help to improve guar seed yield under reduced irrigation conditions and can produce comparable yields with an average of 300 mm of irrigation during the growing season in the southern New Mexico region of the Southwest US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonso Garcia
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Kulbhushan Grover
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Dawn VanLeeuwen
- Department of Economics, Applied Statistics and International Business, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Blair Stringam
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - Brian Schutte
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
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Stanković M. 10th Anniversary of Plants-Recent Advances and Further Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1696. [PMID: 37111918 PMCID: PMC10145593 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Published for the first time in 2012, Plants will celebrate its 10th anniversary [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Stanković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Chen B, Bian X, Tu M, Yu T, Jiang L, Lu Y, Chen X. Moderate Salinity Stress Increases the Seedling Biomass in Oilseed Rape ( Brassica napus L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1650. [PMID: 37111872 PMCID: PMC10144440 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), an important oil crop of the world, suffers various abiotic stresses including salinity stress during the growth stage. While most of the previous studies paid attention to the adverse effects of high salinity stress on plant growth and development, as well as their underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms, less attention was paid to the effects of moderate or low salinity stress. In this study, we first tested the effects of different concentrations of NaCl solution on the seedling growth performance of two oilseed rape varieties (CH336, a semi-winter type, and Bruttor, a spring type) in pot cultures. We found that moderate salt concentrations (25 and 50 mmol L-1 NaCl) can stimulate seedling growth by a significant increase (10~20%, compared to controls) in both above- and underground biomasses, as estimated at the early flowering stage. We then performed RNA-seq analyses of shoot apical meristems (SAMs) from six-leaf-aged seedlings under control (CK), low (LS, 25 mmol L-1), and high (HS, 180 mmol L-1) salinity treatments in the two varieties. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) demonstrated that such a stimulating effect on seedling growth by low salinity stress may be caused by a more efficient capacity for photosynthesis as compensation, accompanied by a reduced energy loss for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and redirecting of energy to biomass formation. Our study provides a new perspective on the cultivation of oilseed rape in saline regions and new insights into the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in Brassica crops. The candidate genes identified in this study can serve as targets for molecular breeding selection and genetic engineering toward enhancing salt tolerance in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beini Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhihe Road 1158, Jinhua 321017, China (T.Y.)
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaobo Bian
- Institute of Crop Science, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhihe Road 1158, Jinhua 321017, China (T.Y.)
| | - Mengxin Tu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Institute of Crop Science, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhihe Road 1158, Jinhua 321017, China (T.Y.)
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yunhai Lu
- Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Yu-Hang-Tang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoyang Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhihe Road 1158, Jinhua 321017, China (T.Y.)
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Pina-Martins F, Caperta AD, Conceição SIR, Nunes VL, Marques I, Paulo OS. A first look at sea-lavenders genomics - can genome wide SNP information tip the scales of controversy in the Limonium vulgare species complex? BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:34. [PMID: 36642719 PMCID: PMC9841708 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03974-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sea-lavenders (Limonium Mill., Plumbaginaceae) are a cosmopolitan group of diploid and polyploid plants often adapted to extreme saline environments, with a mostly Tethyan distribution, occurring in the Mediterranean, Irano-Turanian, Euro-Siberian and in the New World. The halophylic Limonium vulgare polyploid complex in particular, presents a large distribution throughout extreme salt-marsh habitats and shows little morphological but high taximetric variation, frequently blurring species delimitation. In this work we pursue three main goals: assert whether SNP data from polyploid individuals has the resolution to distinguish the seven sampled species, to better understand how genetically structured Limonium vulgare is, and attempt to identify specific molecular mechanisms for the differentiation between L. maritimum and L. vulgare. For this purpose, 95 individuals were genotyped using Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS), which were assembled as two independent datasets using IPYRAD. All analyses performed downstream of assembly were fully automated. Phylogenetic inference, PCA, and admixture plots were used to infer answers to the study's main goals. RESULTS Close to 10,000 SNPs were obtained for each dataset. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that polyploid data can be used to infer species relationships. Population structure analyses suggest a genetically structured L. vulgare. A set of 34 SNPs were found to be fully segregated between L. vulgare and L. maritimum, two of which are potentially linked to proteins that might be involved in the speciation process. CONCLUSION Despite polyploid data analyses shortcomings, GBS generated SNPs have the resolution to discern all seven included species. Limonium vulgare revealed pronounced genetic structure along a geographical north-south cline. L. maritimum always appears as a distinct genetic entity. Segregated SNPs between L. vulgare and L. maritimum indicate salinity response and morphological trait control genes as potentially interesting to follow up for studying these species' divergence process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Pina-Martins
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Biologia Animal Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ana D Caperta
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia I R Conceição
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
- LASIGE Computer Science and Engineering Research Centre, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vera L Nunes
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Biologia Animal Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Biologia Animal Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- Forest Research Centre (CEF) & Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Octávio S Paulo
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Departamento de Biologia Animal Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
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Liang M, Hu F, Xie D, Chen Z, Zheng Q, Xie Q, Zheng F, Liu D, Jian S, Chen H, Liu X, Wang F. Physiological Measurements and Transcriptome Survey Reveal How Semi-mangrove Clerodendrum inerme Tolerates Saline Adversity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:882884. [PMID: 35909755 PMCID: PMC9337567 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.882884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salinity adversity has been a major environmental stressor for plant growth and reproduction worldwide. Semi-mangrove Clerodendrum inerme, a naturally salt-tolerant plant, can be studied as a successful example to understand the biological mechanism of saline resistance. Since it is a sophisticated and all-round scale process for plants to react to stress, our greenhouse study interpreted the response of C. inerme to salt challenge in the following aspects: morphology, osmotic protectants, ROS production and scavenging, ion homeostasis, photosynthetic efficiency, and transcriptome reprogramming. The results drew an overview picture to illustrate the tolerant performance of C. inerme from salt acclimatization (till medium NaCl level, 0.3 mol/L) to salinity stress (high NaCl level, 0.5 mol/L). The overall evaluation leads to a conclusion that the main survival strategy of C. inerme is globally reshaping metabolic and ion profiles to adapt to saline adversity. These findings uncover the defense mechanism by which C. inerme moderates its development rate to resist the short- and long-term salt adversity, along with rebalancing the energy allocation between growth and stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minting Liang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Department of Landscape and Tourism Planning and Design, Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Landscape and Tourism Planning and Design, Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingzhi Zheng
- Department of Landscape and Tourism Planning and Design, Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyun Xie
- Department of Landscape and Tourism Planning and Design, Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongming Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuguang Jian
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuncheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Faguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Chaudhary V, Jangra S, Yadav NR. In silico Identification of miRNAs and Their Targets in Cluster Bean for Their Role in Development and Physiological Responses. Front Genet 2022; 13:930113. [PMID: 35846150 PMCID: PMC9280363 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.930113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster bean popularly known as “guar” is a drought-tolerant, annual legume that has recently emerged as an economically important crop, owing to its high protein and gum content. The guar gum has wide range of applications in food, pharma, and mining industries. India is the leading exporter of various cluster bean-based products all across the globe. Non-coding RNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulating the expression of the target genes leading to variations in the associated pathways or final protein concentrations. The understanding of miRNAs and their associated targets in cluster bean is yet to be used to its full potential. In the present study, cluster bean EST (Expressed Sequence Tags) database was exploited to identify the miRNA and their predicted targets associated with metabolic and biological processes especially response to diverse biotic and abiotic stimuli using in silico approach. Computational analysis based on cluster bean ESTs led to the identification of 57 miRNAs along with their targets. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on identification of miRNAs and their targets using ESTs in cluster bean. The miRNA related to gum metabolism was also identified. Most abundant miRNA families predicted in our study were miR156, miR172, and miR2606. The length of most of the mature miRNAs was found to be 21nt long and the range of minimal folding energy (MFE) was 5.8–177.3 (−kcal/mol) with an average value of 25.4 (−kcal/mol). The identification of cluster bean miRNAs and their targets is predicted to hasten the miRNA discovery, resulting in better knowledge of the role of miRNAs in cluster bean development, physiology, and stress responses.
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