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Mbhele Z, Zharare GE, Zimudzi C, Ntuli NR. Assessing Genetic Variation among Strychnos spinosa Lam. Morphotypes Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2810. [PMID: 37570964 PMCID: PMC10421500 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Strychnos spinosa Lam., commonly known as green monkey orange, is a highly valued indigenous fruit tree in South Africa with potential for domestication and commercialization. However, no study has reported on the molecular diversity of Strychnos spinosa morphotypes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine genetic variation among 32 Strychnos spinosa morphotypes using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Fourteen amplified SSR markers produced 159 alleles, with a mean of 5.68 per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.22 (Ssp_1) to 0.84 (Ssp_6). Morphotypes were clustered in a biplot based on their genetic distances. The dendrogram chiefly discriminated morphotypes according to variation of pericarp texture. The population structure had the highest delta value K = 3, thus the 32 morphotypes were divided into three subpopulations based on the Bayesian approach. The affinities produced by the population structure agreed with the genetic distance of closely related morphotypes. This study is the first to report on SSR marker development and their successful use for genetic diversity and population structure studies of Strychnos spinosa. It provides insights into the molecular characterisation of Strychnos spinosa. This can lead to breeding programs and crop improvement programs, particularly in varietal developmental programs, which can contribute to alleviating food security challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoliswa Mbhele
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
| | | | - Clemence Zimudzi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Zimbabwe, Harare P.O. Box MP167, Zimbabwe;
| | - Nontuthuko Rosemary Ntuli
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
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Stanković M. 10th Anniversary of Plants-Recent Advances and Further Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1696. [PMID: 37111918 PMCID: PMC10145593 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Published for the first time in 2012, Plants will celebrate its 10th anniversary [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Stanković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Ogbole OO, Akin-Ajani OD, Ajala TO, Ogunniyi QA, Fettke J, Odeku OA. Nutritional and pharmacological potentials of orphan legumes: Subfamily faboideae. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15493. [PMID: 37151618 PMCID: PMC10161725 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Legumes are a major food crop in many developing nations. However, orphan or underutilized legumes are domesticated legumes that have valuable properties but are less significant than main legumes due to use and supply restrictions. Compared to other major legumes, they are better suited to harsh soil and climate conditions, and their great tolerance to abiotic environmental circumstances like drought can help to lessen the strains brought on by climate change. Despite this, their economic significance in international markets is relatively minimal. This article is aimed at carrying out a comprehensive review of the nutritional and pharmacological benefits of orphan legumes from eight genera in the sub-family Faboidea, namely Psophocarpus Neck. ex DC., Tylosema (Schweinf.) Torre Hillc., Vigna Savi., Vicia L., Baphia Afzel. ex G. Lodd., Mucuna Adans, Indigofera L. and Macrotyloma (Wight & Arn.) Verdc, and the phytoconstituents that have been isolated and characterized from these plants. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct for articles that have previously reported the relevance of underutilized legumes. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list of threatened species was also conducted for the status of the species. References were scrutinized and citation searches were performed on the study. The review showed that many underutilized legumes have a lot of untapped potential in terms of their nutritional and pharmacological activities. The phytoconstituents from plants in the subfamily Faboideae could serve as lead compounds for drug discovery for the treatment of a variety of disorders, indicating the need to explore these plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olufunke D. Akin-Ajani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope O. Ajala
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Joerg Fettke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Oluwatoyin A. Odeku
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Corresponding author.
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Lazaridi E, Bebeli PJ. Cowpea Constraints and Breeding in Europe. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1339. [PMID: 36987026 PMCID: PMC10052078 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a legume with a constant rate of cultivation in Southern European countries. Consumer demand for cowpea worldwide is rising due to its nutritional content, while Europe is constantly attempting to reduce the deficit in the production of pulses and invest in new, healthy food market products. Although the climatic conditions that prevail in Europe are not so harsh in terms of heat and drought as in the tropical climates where cowpea is mainly cultivated, cowpea confronts with a plethora of abiotic and biotic stresses and yield-limiting factors in Southern European countries. In this paper, we summarize the main constraints for cowpea cultivation in Europe and the breeding methods that have been or can be used. A special mention is made of the availability plant genetic resources (PGRs) and their potential for breeding purposes, aiming to promote more sustainable cropping systems as climatic shifts become more frequent and fiercer, and environmental degradation expands worldwide.
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Wang Y, Yao X, Shen H, Zhao R, Li Z, Shen X, Wang F, Chen K, Zhou Y, Li B, Zheng X, Lu S. Nutritional Composition, Efficacy, and Processing of Vigna angularis (Adzuki Bean) for the Human Diet: An Overview. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186079. [PMID: 36144812 PMCID: PMC9506481 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adzuki beans are grown in several countries around the world and are widely popular in Asia, where they are often prepared in various food forms. Adzuki beans are rich in starch, and their proteins contain a balanced variety of amino acids with high lysine content, making up for the lack of protein content of cereals in the daily diet. Therefore, the research on adzuki beans and the development of their products have broad prospects for development. The starch, protein, fat, polysaccharide, and polyphenol contents and compositions of adzuki beans vary greatly among different varieties. The processing characteristic components of adzuki beans, such as starch, isolated protein, and heated flavor, are reported with a view to further promote the processing and development of adzuki bean foods. In addition to favorable edibility, the human health benefits of adzuki beans include antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Furtherly, adzuki beans and extracts have positive effects on the prevention and treatment of diseases, including diabetes, diabetes-induced kidney disease or kidney damage, obesity, and high-fat-induced cognitive decline. This also makes a case for the dual use of adzuki beans for food and medicine and contributes to the promotion of adzuki beans as a healthy, edible legume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xinmiao Yao
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +086-0451-86610259
| | - Huifang Shen
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Zhebin Li
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xinting Shen
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Kaixin Chen
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Bo Li
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xianzhe Zheng
- China School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuwen Lu
- Food Processing Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Food Processing, Harbin 150086, China
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