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Maghrebi M, Marín-Sanz M, Miras Moreno MB, Quagliata G, Caldo F, Gatti N, Mannino G, Pesenti M, D'Alessandro S, Nocito FF, Lucini L, Sestili F, Astolfi S, Barro F, Vigani G. The drought-induced plasticity of mineral nutrients contributes to drought tolerance discrimination in durum wheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109077. [PMID: 39213946 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major challenge for the cultivation of durum wheat, a crucial crop for global food security. Plants respond to drought by adjusting their mineral nutrient profiles to cope with water scarcity, showing the importance of nutrient plasticity for plant acclimation and adaptation to diverse environments. Therefore, it is essential to understand the genetic basis of mineral nutrient profile plasticity in durum wheat under drought stress to select drought-tolerant varieties. The research study investigated the responses of different durum wheat genotypes to severe drought stress at the seedling stage. The study employed an ionomic, molecular, biochemical and physiological approach to shed light on distinct behaviors among different genotypes. The drought tolerance of SVEMS16, SVEVO, and BULEL was related to their capacity of maintaining or increasing nutrient's accumulation, while the limited nutrient acquisition capability of CRESO and S.CAP likely resulted in their susceptibility to drought. The study highlighted the importance of macronutrients such as SO42-, NO3-, PO43-, and K+ in stress resilience and identified variant-containing genes potentially influencing nutritional variations under drought. These findings provide valuable insights for further field studies to assess the drought tolerance of durum wheat genotypes across various growth stages, ultimately ensuring food security and sustainable production in the face of changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moez Maghrebi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Centro dell'Innovazione, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Miriam Marín-Sanz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Alameda del Obispo s/n, 14004-Córdoba, Spain
| | - Maria Begona Miras Moreno
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Alameda del Obispo s/n, 14004-Córdoba, Spain
| | - Giulia Quagliata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesco Caldo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Centro dell'Innovazione, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Noemi Gatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Centro dell'Innovazione, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mannino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Centro dell'Innovazione, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Michele Pesenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Centro dell'Innovazione, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Francesco Nocito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, I-29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Sestili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Stefania Astolfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali (DAFNE), Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francisco Barro
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Alameda del Obispo s/n, 14004-Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gianpiero Vigani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Centro dell'Innovazione, Università degli studi di Torino, Turin, Italy.
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2
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Alaux PL, Courty PE, Fréville H, David J, Rocher A, Taschen E. Wheat dwarfing reshapes plant and fungal development in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. MYCORRHIZA 2024; 34:351-360. [PMID: 38816524 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-024-01150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of Reduced height (Rht) dwarfing genes into elite wheat varieties has contributed to enhanced yield gain in high input agrosystems by preventing lodging. Yet, how modern selection for dwarfing has affected symbiosis remains poorly documented. In this study, we evaluated the response of both the plant and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus to plant genetic variation at a major Quantitative Trait Locus called QTL 4B2, known to harbor a Rht dwarfing gene, when forming the symbiosis. We used twelve inbred genotypes derived from a diversity base broadened durum wheat Evolutionary Pre-breeding Population and genotyped with a high-throughput Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array. In a microcosm setup segregating roots and the extra-radical mycelium, each wheat genotype was grown with or without the presence of Rhizophagus irregularis. To characterize arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, we assessed hyphal density, root colonization, spore production, and plant biomass. Additionally, we split the variation of these variables due either to genotypes or to the Rht dwarfing genes alone. The fungus exhibited greater development in the roots of Dwarf plants compared to non-Dwarf plants, showing increases of 27%, 37% and 51% in root colonization, arbuscules, and vesicles, respectively. In addition, the biomass of the extra-radical fungal structures increased by around 31% in Dwarf plants. The biomass of plant roots decreased by about 43% in mycorrhizal Dwarf plants. Interestingly, extraradical hyphal production was found to be partly genetically determined with no significant effect of Rht, as for plant biomasses. In contrast, variations in root colonization, arbuscules and extraradical spore production were explained by Rht dwarfing genes. Finally, when mycorrhizal, Dwarf plants had significantly lower total P content, pointing towards a less beneficial symbiosis for the plant and increased profit for the fungus. These results highlight the effect of Rht dwarfing genes on both root and fungal development. This calls for further research into the molecular mechanisms governing these effects, as well as changes in plant physiology, and their implications for fostering arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in sustainable agrosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Alaux
- UMR 7205, Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, 75005, Paris, France
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Dijon, France
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- UMR Eco & Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex 2, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hélène Fréville
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques David
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Aline Rocher
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisa Taschen
- UMR Eco & Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex 2, Montpellier, France.
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3
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Pérez-Moncada UA, Santander C, Ruiz A, Vidal C, Santos C, Cornejo P. Design of Microbial Consortia Based on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Yeasts, and Bacteria to Improve the Biochemical, Nutritional, and Physiological Status of Strawberry Plants Growing under Water Deficits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1556. [PMID: 38891364 PMCID: PMC11175115 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Drought affects several plant physiological characteristics such as photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and chlorophyll content, causing hormonal and nutritional imbalances and reducing nutrient uptake and transport, which inhibit growth and development. The use of bioinoculants based on plant growth-promoting microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), yeasts, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has been proposed as an alternative to help plants tolerate drought. However, most studies have been based on the use of a single type of microorganism, while consortia studies have been scarcely performed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate different combinations of three PGPR, three AMF, and three yeasts with plant growth-promoting attributes to improve the biochemical, nutritional, and physiological behavior of strawberry plants growing under severe drought. The results showed that the growth and physiological attributes of the non-inoculated plants were significantly reduced by drought. In contrast, plants inoculated with the association of the fungus Claroideoglomus claroideum, the yeast Naganishia albida, and the rhizobacterium Burkholderia caledonica showed a stronger improvement in tolerance to drought. High biomass, relative water content, fruit number, photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, quantum yield of photosystem II, N concentration, P concentration, K concentration, antioxidant activities, and chlorophyll contents were significantly improved in inoculated plants by up to 16.6%, 12.4%, 81.2%, 80%, 79.4%, 71.0%, 17.8%, 8.3%, 6.6%, 57.3%, 41%, and 22.5%, respectively, compared to stressed non-inoculated plants. Moreover, decreased malondialdehyde levels by up to 32% were registered. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of maximizing the effects of inoculation with beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms based on the prospect of more efficient combinations among different microbial groups, which is of interest to develop bioinoculants oriented to increase the growth of specific plant species in a global scenario of increasing drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urley A. Pérez-Moncada
- Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.S.); (A.R.); (C.V.)
| | - Christian Santander
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.S.); (A.R.); (C.V.)
- Grupo de Ingeniería Ambiental y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070411, Chile
| | - Antonieta Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.S.); (A.R.); (C.V.)
| | - Catalina Vidal
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.S.); (A.R.); (C.V.)
| | - Cledir Santos
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (C.S.); (A.R.); (C.V.)
- Centro Regional de Investigación e Innovación para la Sostenibilidad de la Agricultura y los Territorios Rurales, CERES, La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Centro Regional de Investigación e Innovación para la Sostenibilidad de la Agricultura y los Territorios Rurales, CERES, La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile
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Caldara M, Gullì M, Graziano S, Riboni N, Maestri E, Mattarozzi M, Bianchi F, Careri M, Marmiroli N. Microbial consortia and biochar as sustainable biofertilisers: Analysis of their impact on wheat growth and production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170168. [PMID: 38244628 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The European Union is among the top wheat producers in the world, but its productivity relies on adequate soil fertilisation. Biofertilisers, either alone or in combination with biochar, can be a preferable alternative to chemical fertilisers. However, the addition of biofertilisers, specifically plant growth promoting microbes (PGPM), could modify grain composition, and/or deteriorate the soil composition. In this study, the two wheat cultivars Triticum aestivum (Bramante) and T. durum (Svevo) were cultivated in open fields for two consecutive years in the presence of a commercial PGPM mix supplied alone or in combination with biochar. An in-depth analysis was conducted by collecting physiological and agronomic data throughout the growth period. The effects of PGPM and biochar were investigated in detail; specifically, soil chemistry and rhizosphere microbial composition were characterized, along with the treatment effects on seed storage proteins. The results demonstrated that the addition of commercial microbial consortia and biochar, alone or in combination, did not modify the rhizospheric microbial community; however, it increased grain yield, especially in the cultivar Svevo (increase of 6.8 %-13.6 %), even though the factors driving the most variations were associated with both climate and cultivar. The total gluten content of the flours was not affected, whereas the main effect of the treatments was a variation in gliadins and low-molecular-weight-glutenin subunits in both cultivars when treated with PGPM and biochar. This suggested improved grain quality, especially regarding the viscoelastic properties of the dough, when the filling period occurred in a dry climate. The results indicate that the application of biofertilisers and biochar may aid the effective management of sustainable wheat cultivation, to support environmental health without altering the biodiversity of the resident microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Caldara
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Graziano
- Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicolò Riboni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Bianchi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center CIDEA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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5
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Slimani A, Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Ben-Laouane R, Boutasknit A, Anli M, Abouraicha EF, Oufdou K, Meddich A, Baslam M. Signals and Machinery for Mycorrhizae and Cereal and Oilseed Interactions towards Improved Tolerance to Environmental Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:826. [PMID: 38592805 PMCID: PMC10975020 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In the quest for sustainable agricultural practices, there arises an urgent need for alternative solutions to mineral fertilizers and pesticides, aiming to diminish the environmental footprint of farming. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) emerge as a promising avenue, bestowing plants with heightened nutrient absorption capabilities while alleviating plant stress. Cereal and oilseed crops benefit from this association in a number of ways, including improved growth fitness, nutrient uptake, and tolerance to environmental stresses. Understanding the molecular mechanisms shaping the impact of AMF on these crops offers encouraging prospects for a more efficient use of these beneficial microorganisms to mitigate climate change-related stressors on plant functioning and productivity. An increased number of studies highlighted the boosting effect of AMF on grain and oil crops' tolerance to (a)biotic stresses while limited ones investigated the molecular aspects orchestrating the different involved mechanisms. This review gives an extensive overview of the different strategies initiated by mycorrhizal cereal and oilseed plants to manage the deleterious effects of environmental stress. We also discuss the molecular drivers and mechanistic concepts to unveil the molecular machinery triggered by AMF to alleviate the tolerance of these crops to stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Slimani
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment & Agri-Food URAC 36, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques—Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Mohammedia 28800, Morocco
| | - Raja Ben-Laouane
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Boutasknit
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohammed First University, Nador 62700, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Anli
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Department of Life, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Comoros, Patsy University Center, Moroni 269, Comoros
| | - El Faiza Abouraicha
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques (ISPITS), Essaouira 44000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- AgroBiosciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Meddich
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- GrowSmart, Seoul 03129, Republic of Korea
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Zhang W, Xia K, Feng Z, Qin Y, Zhou Y, Feng G, Zhu H, Yao Q. Tomato plant growth promotion and drought tolerance conferred by three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is mediated by lipid metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108478. [PMID: 38430785 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote plant growth and enhance plant drought tolerance with varying effect size among different fungal species. However, the linkage between the variation and the lipid metabolism, which is exclusively derived from plants, has been little explored thus far. Here, we established AM symbiosis between tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants and three AMF species (Rhizophagus intraradices, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus irregularis) under well watered (WW) or drought stressed (DS) conditions in pot experiment. The plant biomass, chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, shoot P content and mycorrhizal colonization were determined. Meanwhile, fatty acid (FA) profiles and relative expression of genes encoding for nutrition exchange (SlPT4, SlPT5, RAM2, STR/STR2) in roots were also monitored. DS significantly decreased plant biomass while AMF significantly increased it, with three fungal species varying in their growth promoting capacity and drought tolerance capacity. The growth promoting effect of R. irregularis was lower than those of R. intraradices and F. mosseae, and was associated with higher mycorrhizal colonization and more consumption of lipids. However, the drought tolerance capacity of R. irregularis was greater than those of R. intraradices and F. mosseae, and was associated with less decrease in mycorrhizal colonization and lipid content. We also found that AMF mediated plant drought tolerance via regulating both AM specific FAs and non-AM specific FAs in a complementary manner. These data suggest that lipid metabolism in AM plays a crucial role in plant drought tolerance mediated by AMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Litchi, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, China
| | - Kaili Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Litchi, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Zengwei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yongqiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Guangda Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Qing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Litchi, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, China.
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7
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Slimani A, Ait-El-Mokhtar M, Ben-Laouane R, Boutasknit A, Anli M, Abouraicha EF, Oufdou K, Meddich A, Baslam M. Molecular and Systems Biology Approaches for Harnessing the Symbiotic Interaction in Mycorrhizal Symbiosis for Grain and Oil Crop Cultivation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:912. [PMID: 38255984 PMCID: PMC10815302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycorrhizal symbiosis, the mutually beneficial association between plants and fungi, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its widespread significance in agricultural productivity. Specifically, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provide a range of benefits to grain and oil crops, including improved nutrient uptake, growth, and resistance to (a)biotic stressors. Harnessing this symbiotic interaction using molecular and systems biology approaches presents promising opportunities for sustainable and economically-viable agricultural practices. Research in this area aims to identify and manipulate specific genes and pathways involved in the symbiotic interaction, leading to improved cereal and oilseed crop yields and nutrient acquisition. This review provides an overview of the research frontier on utilizing molecular and systems biology approaches for harnessing the symbiotic interaction in mycorrhizal symbiosis for grain and oil crop cultivation. Moreover, we address the mechanistic insights and molecular determinants underpinning this exchange. We conclude with an overview of current efforts to harness mycorrhizal diversity to improve cereal and oilseed health through systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Slimani
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar
- Laboratory Biochemistry, Environment & Agri-Food URAC 36, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques—Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Mohammedia 28800, Morocco
| | - Raja Ben-Laouane
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Boutasknit
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Department of Biology, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, Mohamed First University, Nador 62700, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Anli
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Department of Life, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Comoros, Patsy University Center, Moroni 269, Comoros
| | - El Faiza Abouraicha
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques (ISPITS), Essaouira 44000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Meddich
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
| | - Marouane Baslam
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech-URL-CNRST-05), Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources (AGROBIOVAL), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
- GrowSmart, Seoul 03129, Republic of Korea
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Ramzan T, Shahbaz M, Maqsood MF, Zulfiqar U, Saman RU, Lili N, Irshad M, Maqsood S, Haider A, Shahzad B, Gaafar ARZ, Haider FU. Phenylalanine supply alleviates the drought stress in mustard (Brassica campestris) by modulating plant growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant defense system. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107828. [PMID: 37329687 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Mustard (Brassica campestris L.) is a major oilseed crop that plays a crucial role in agriculture. Nevertheless, a number of abiotic factors, drought in particular, significantly reduce its production. Phenylalanine (PA) is a significant and efficacious amino acid in alleviating the adverse impacts of abiotic stressors, such as drought. Thus, the current experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of PA application (0 and 100 mg/L) on brassica varieties i.e., Faisal (V1) and Rachna (V2) under drought stress (50% field capacity). Drought stress reduced the shoot length (18 and 17%), root length (12.1 and 12.3%), total chlorophyll contents (47 and 45%), and biological yield (21 and 26%) of both varieties (V1 and V2), respectively. Foliar application of PA helped overcome drought-induced losses and enhanced shoot length (20 and 21%), total chlorophyll contents (46 and 58%), and biological yield (19 and 22%), whereas reducing the oxidative activities of H2O2 (18 and 19%), MDA concentration (21 and 24%), and electrolyte leakage (19 and 21%) in both varieties (V1 and V2). Antioxidant activities, i.e., CAT, SOD, and POD, were further enhanced under PA treatment by 25, 11, and 14% in V1 and 31, 17, and 24% in V2. Overall findings suggest that exogenous PA treatment reduced the drought-induced oxidative damage and improved the yield, and ionic contents of mustard plants grown in pots. It should be emphasized, however, that studies examining the impacts of PA on open-field-grown brassica crops are still in their early stages, thus more work is needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahrim Ramzan
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Rafia Urooj Saman
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nian Lili
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Maqsood
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Haider
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Babar Shahzad
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Abdel-Rhman Z Gaafar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Enhance Biomass Growth, Mineral Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Tomato Plants under Drought Stress. J FOOD QUALITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/2581608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are symbiotically associated with crops. They increase biomass production, nutritional elements, and antioxidant activities in food and vegetable crops grown in soil under stress conditions. The present study focused on the effects of AMF (Acaulospora morrowiae, Paraglomus occultum, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus clarus, and Rhizophagus intraradices) on biomass growth and yield, contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids, activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe) in Unnayan, LT896, and Minto super tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) varieties grown in soil under drought stress (<10% moisture). The results showed that root length and shoot mass in plants treated with R. clarus and P. occultum were significantly higher than those of the control (non-AMF) in Minto super tomato. Compared to the control, the shoot’s dry weight and yield were enhanced by 28% and 20% with AMF-treated tomatoes. The CAT activity in P. occultum-treated plants was statistically higher than that of the control in Unnayan tomatoes. H2O2 content was detected higher in the control than R. clarus-treated LT896 tomatoes. In plants treated with A. morrowiae and R. clarus, APX activity was significantly higher than that of the control in the Unnayan tomatoes. CAT and APX activity increased by 42% and 66% in AMF-treated leaves of tomatoes compared to non-AMF. Treatment with AMF reduced the content of MDA and H2O2 (ROS) in the leaves of tomato plants by 50% and 2% compared to the control, respectively. Potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe) of tomato fruits increased by 2%, 13%, 24%, and 37% with AMF treatment compared to the control. These results suggested that biomass growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activity, and mineral contents could be enhanced by AMF in food crops grown under drought stress. It is concluded that AMF might be used for the development of AMF-enriched biofertilizers that will improve the nutritional quality of food crops grown under stress conditions.
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Khoudi H. SHINE clade of ERF transcription factors: A significant player in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 195:77-88. [PMID: 36603451 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
SHINE (SHN) clade transcription factors (TFs) represents a subfamily of APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) proteins. The latter, is characterized by its responsiveness to the phytohormone ethylene and the presence of AP2 DNA-binding domain. They are involved in many biological processes and in responses to different environmental constraints. SHN TFs were among the first identified regulators of cuticle formation. Cuticle plays crucial role in plant tolerance to drought, salinity and high temperature as well as in defense against pathogens. In addition, SHN were shown to be involved in the regulation of stomatal development which influences resistance to drought and diseases. Interestingly, recent studies have also shown that SHN TFs are involved in mediating the beneficial effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as well as disease resistance conferred by nanoparticles. To fulfill their roles, SHN TFs are controlled upstream by other TFs and they control, in their turn, different downstream genes. In this review, we highlight the role of SHN TFs in different abiotic and biotic stresses through their involvement in cuticle biosynthesis, stomatal development and molecular regulation of biochemical and physiological traits. In addition, we discuss the regulation of SHN TFs by plant hormones and their influence on hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Knowledge of this complex regulation can be put into contribution to increase multiple abiotic stress tolerances through transgenesis, gene editing and classical breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Khoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour Km 6, B.P'1177', 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Deja-Sikora E, Werner K, Hrynkiewicz K. AMF species do matter: Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae affect healthy and PVY-infected Solanum tuberosum L. in a different way. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1127278. [PMID: 37138600 PMCID: PMC10150075 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1127278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were documented to positively influence plant growth and yield, which is extremely important for the production of many crops including potato. However, the nature of the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant virus that share the same host is not well characterized. In this study, we examined the effect of different AMF, Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae, on healthy and potato virus Y (PVY)-infected Solanum tuberosum L. The analyses conducted included the measurement of potato growth parameters, oxidative stress indicators, and photosynthetic capacity. Additionally, we evaluated both the development of AMF in plant roots and the virus level in mycorrhizal plants. We found that two AMF species colonized plant roots to varying degrees (ca. 38% for R. irregularis vs. 20% for F. mosseae). Rhizophagus irregularis had a more positive effect on potato growth parameters, causing a significant increase in the total fresh and dry weight of tubers, along with virus-challenged plants. Furthermore, this species lowered hydrogen peroxide levels in PVY-infected leaves and positively modulated the levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants, i.e., ascorbate and glutathione in leaves and roots. Finally, both fungal species contributed to reduced lipid peroxidation and alleviation of virus-induced oxidative damage in plant organs. We also confirmed an indirect interaction between AMF and PVY inhabiting the same host. The two AMF species seemed to have different abilities to colonize the roots of virus-infected hosts, as R. irregularis showed a stronger drop in mycorrhizal development in the presence of PVY. At the same time, arbuscular mycorrhiza exerted an effect on virus multiplication, causing increased PVY accumulation in plant leaves and a decreased concentration of virus in roots. In conclusion, the effect of AMF-plant interactions may differ depending on the genotypes of both symbiotic partners. Additionally, indirect AMF-PVY interactions occur in host plants, diminishing the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhiza while changing the distribution of viral particles in plants.
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Najafi Vafa Z, Sohrabi Y, Mirzaghaderi G, Heidari G. The effect of rhizobia in improving the protective mechanisms of wheat under drought and supplementary irrigation conditions. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1073240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a strategic crop and one of the world's most essential cereals, providing most of the world's calories and protein needs. Drought stress is one of the main limitations for crop production such as wheat in arid and semi-arid regions. Plants can accumulate antioxidants, carbohydrates, and stress hormones that stimulate cell and molecular regeneration under stress conditions. Irrigation saves water, improves crop photosynthesis, and increases plant ability to absorb water and elements from soil. Therefore, irrigation at the right time or supplementary irrigation can help plant growth and crop yield under drought conditions. Appropriate nutrition with fertilizers increases plants' stress tolerance. Bio-fertilizers are restorative elements used in soil to improve tolerance to stresses such as drought stress. A well-known class of bio-fertilizers is plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). These rhizosphere bacteria affect plant development and productivity by interacting with roots. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alleviate drought stress in plants by enhancing their ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Seaweed extract bio-fertilizer is organic matter used to increase crop growth and soil fertility. This bio-fertilizer is utilized as growth stimulants and food supplements. Our research analyzed the effects of rhizobia and seaweed extracts on wheat's drought resistance mechanisms.Materials and methodsThis research was conducted in Iran in the crop years of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 in the research farm of Kurdistan University Faculty of Agriculture located in Dehgolan with coordinates 47°18′ 55″ East and 35°19′ 10″ North with an altitude of 1866 meters above sea level, 45 kilometers east It was done on the wheat plant in Sanandaj city. The experiment was conducted in the form of a split-split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with four replications. Irrigation treatments as the main factor (no irrigation or dry-land, one irrigation in the booting stage, two irrigations in the booting and spike stages), two wheat cultivars (Sardari and Sirvan) as secondary factors, and the application of biological fertilizers at eight levels including Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist, Seaweed extract + Nitrozist and Phosphozist, Mycorrhiza + Seaweed extract, Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist and no application of biological fertilizers (control) as Sub-sub-factors were considered.Results and discussionAccording to the study, when bio-fertilizer was applied with once and twice supplementary irrigation levels, leaf relative water content (RWC) and soluble protein content (SPC) increased, while lack of irrigation increased malondialdehyde (MDA). In both years, bio-fertilizers, especially their combinations, increased the amount and activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenol (Phe), flavonoid (Fla), and anthocyanin (Anth). Also, it enhanced the inhibition of free radicals by 2-2-Diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and cleared active oxygen species. It was found that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were very low in wheat under two times irrigation with averages of 3.3909 and 3.3865 μmol g−1 FW. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants such as Phe, Fla, Anth, DPPH, POD, and SOD enzymes and their role in improving stress under dry-land conditions, especially in the Sardari variety. Biological fertilizers (Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist + Seaweed extract) increased wheat yield compared to the control. Furthermore, Mycorrhiza + Nitrozist and Phosphozist + Seaweed extract improved grain yield by 8.04% and 6.96% in the 1st and 2nd years, respectively. Therefore, appropriate combinations of microorganisms, beneficial biological compounds, and supplementary irrigation can reduce the adverse effects of drought stress in arid and semi-arid regions.
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Loo WT, Chua KO, Mazumdar P, Cheng A, Osman N, Harikrishna JA. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis: A Strategy for Mitigating the Impacts of Climate Change on Tropical Legume Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2875. [PMID: 36365329 PMCID: PMC9657156 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is likely to have severe impacts on food security in the topics as these regions of the world have both the highest human populations and narrower climatic niches, which reduce the diversity of suitable crops. Legume crops are of particular importance to food security, supplying dietary protein for humans both directly and in their use for feed and forage. Other than the rhizobia associated with legumes, soil microbes, in particular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), can mitigate the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses, offering an important complementary measure to protect crop yields. This review presents current knowledge on AMF, highlights their beneficial role, and explores the potential for application of AMF in mitigating abiotic and biotic challenges for tropical legumes. Due to the relatively little study on tropical legume species compared to their temperate growing counterparts, much further research is needed to determine how similar AMF-plant interactions are in tropical legumes, which AMF species are optimal for agricultural deployment and especially to identify anaerobic AMF species that could be used to mitigate flood stress in tropical legume crop farming. These opportunities for research also require international cooperation and support, to realize the promise of tropical legume crops to contribute to future food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Teng Loo
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Kah-Ooi Chua
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Purabi Mazumdar
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Acga Cheng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Normaniza Osman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Ann Harikrishna
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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The Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Rhizophagus irregularis on the Growth and Quality of Processing Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Seedlings. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most valuable horticultural crops, not only for its economic importance but also for its high nutritional value and sensory qualities. The arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungus Rhizophagus irregularis can improve plant nutrient uptake and decrease seedling transplanting shock. Although R. irregularis is one of the most extensively studied AMF species, there is a paucity of data on the effects of this species on processing tomato seedlings produced in an aerated hydroponic float system. A greenhouse experiment with four treatments and three replications was established in a completely randomized design. The treatments contained the addition of 0, 40, 80, and 120 fungal spores per L of nutrient solution (control, AMF1, AMF2, and AMF3, respectively). Root colonization analysis proved that the maximum dose of applied AMF (AMF3) supported colonization to a large extent, succeeding 36.74%. In addition, the highest values of total dry weight (1.386 g), survival rate (94.79%), N content (3.376 mg per 100 g DW) and P content (0.497 mg per 100 g DW) were also observed under AMF3 treatment. In conclusion, the application of high doses of the AM fungus R. irregularis in nutrient solutions of float system leads to a substantial improvement in the quality and growth of processing tomato seedlings.
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Tang H, Hassan MU, Feng L, Nawaz M, Shah AN, Qari SH, Liu Y, Miao J. The Critical Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Improve Drought Tolerance and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:919166. [PMID: 35873982 PMCID: PMC9298553 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.919166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is a serious abiotic stress and a major concern across the globe as its intensity is continuously climbing. Therefore, it is direly needed to develop new management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of DS to ensure better crop productivity and food security. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has emerged as an important approach in recent years to improve crop productivity under DS conditions. AMF establishes a relationship with 80% of land plants and it induces pronounced impacts on plant growth and provides protection to plants from abiotic stress. Drought stress significantly reduces plant growth and development by inducing oxidative stress, disturbing membrane integrity, plant water relations, nutrient uptake, photosynthetic activity, photosynthetic apparatus, and anti-oxidant activities. However, AMF can significantly improve the plant tolerance against DS. AMF maintains membrane integrity, improves plant water contents, nutrient and water uptake, and water use efficiency (WUE) therefore, improve the plant growth under DS. Moreover, AMF also protects the photosynthetic apparatus from drought-induced oxidative stress and improves photosynthetic efficiency, osmolytes, phenols and hormone accumulation, and reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing anti-oxidant activities and gene expression which provide the tolerance to plants against DS. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the role of AMF in plants grown under DS. This review presented the different functions of AMF in different responses of plants under DS. We have provided a detailed picture of the different mechanisms mediated by AMF to induce drought tolerance in plants. Moreover, we also identified the potential research gaps that must be fulfilled for a promising future for AMF. Lastly, nitrogen (N) is an important nutrient needed for plant growth and development, however, the efficiency of applied N fertilizers is quite low. Therefore, we also present the information on how AMF improves N uptake and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Tang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liang Feng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Jianqun Miao
- School of Computer Information and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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