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Wang Q, Su Z, Chen J, Chen W, He Z, Wei S, Yang J, Zou J. HaMADS3, HaMADS7, and HaMADS8 are involved in petal prolongation and floret symmetry establishment in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.). PeerJ 2024; 12:e17586. [PMID: 38974413 PMCID: PMC11225715 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of floral organs, crucial for the establishment of floral symmetry and morphology in higher plants, is regulated by MADS-box genes. In sunflower, the capitulum is comprised of ray and disc florets with various floral organs. In the sunflower long petal mutant (lpm), the abnormal disc (ray-like) floret possesses prolongated petals and degenerated stamens, resulting in a transformation from zygomorphic to actinomorphic symmetry. In this study, we investigated the effect of MADS-box genes on floral organs, particularly on petals, using WT and lpm plants as materials. Based on our RNA-seq data, 29 MADS-box candidate genes were identified, and their roles on floral organ development, especially in petals, were explored, by analyzing the expression levels in various tissues in WT and lpm plants through RNA-sequencing and qPCR. The results suggested that HaMADS3, HaMADS7, and HaMADS8 could regulate petal development in sunflower. High levels of HaMADS3 that relieved the inhibition of cell proliferation, together with low levels of HaMADS7 and HaMADS8, promoted petal prolongation and maintained the morphology of ray florets. In contrast, low levels of HaMADS3 and high levels of HaMADS7 and HaMADS8 repressed petal extension and maintained the morphology of disc florets. Their coordination may contribute to the differentiation of disc and ray florets in sunflower and maintain the balance between attracting pollinators and producing offspring. Meanwhile, Pearson correlation analysis between petal length and expression levels of MADS-box genes further indicated their involvement in petal prolongation. Additionally, the analysis of cis-acting elements indicated that these three MADS-box genes may regulate petal development and floral symmetry establishment by regulating the expression activity of HaCYC2c. Our findings can provide some new understanding of the molecular regulatory network of petal development and floral morphology formation, as well as the differentiation of disc and ray florets in sunflower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhou Su
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiying Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuoyuan He
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuhong Wei
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Zou
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Karle SB, Negi Y, Srivastava S, Suprasanna P, Kumar K. Overexpression of OsTIP1;2 confers arsenite tolerance in rice and reduces root-to-shoot translocation of arsenic. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108608. [PMID: 38615445 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Tonoplast Intrinsic Proteins (TIPs) are vital in transporting water and solutes across vacuolar membrane. The role of TIPs in the arsenic stress response is largely undefined. Rice shows sensitivity to the arsenite [As[III]] stress and its accumulation at high concentrations in grains poses severe health hazards. In this study, functional characterization of OsTIP1;2 from Oryza sativa indica cultivar Pusa Basmati-1 (PB-1) was done under the As[III] stress. Overexpression of OsTIP1;2 in PB-1 rice conferred tolerance to As[III] treatment measured in terms of enhanced shoot growth, biomass, and shoot/root ratio of overexpression (OE) lines compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. Moreover, seed priming with the IRW100 yeast cells (deficient in vacuolar membrane As[III] transporter YCF1) expressing OsTIP1;2 further increased As[III] stress tolerance of both WT and OE plants. The dithizone assay showed that WT plants accumulated high arsenic in shoots, while OE lines accumulated more arsenic in roots than shoots thereby limiting the translocation of arsenic to shoot. The activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants also increased in the OE lines on exposure to As[III]. The tissue-specific localization showed OsTIP1;2 promoter activity in root and root hairs, indicating its possible root-specific function. After As[III] treatment in hydroponic medium, the arsenic translocation factor (TF) for WT was around 0.8, while that of OE lines was around 0.2. Moreover, the arsenic content in the grains of OE lines reduced significantly compared to WT plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Balasaheb Karle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Yogesh Negi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai, 410206, India
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa, 403726, India.
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Gracia-Rodriguez C, Lopez-Ortiz C, Flores-Iga G, Ibarra-Muñoz L, Nimmakayala P, Reddy UK, Balagurusamy N. From genes to ecosystems: Decoding plant tolerance mechanisms to arsenic stress. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29140. [PMID: 38601600 PMCID: PMC11004893 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As), a metalloid of considerable toxicity, has become increasingly bioavailable through anthropogenic activities, raising As contamination levels in groundwater and agricultural soils worldwide. This bioavailability has profound implications for plant biology and farming systems. As can detrimentally affect crop yield and pose risks of bioaccumulation and subsequent entry into the food chain. Upon exposure to As, plants initiate a multifaceted molecular response involving crucial signaling pathways, such as those mediated by calcium, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and various phytohormones (e.g., auxin, methyl jasmonate, cytokinin). These pathways, in turn, activate enzymes within the antioxidant system, which combat the reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) generated by As-induced stress. Plants exhibit a sophisticated genomic response to As, involving the upregulation of genes associated with uptake, chelation, and sequestration. Specific gene families, such as those coding for aquaglyceroporins and ABC transporters, are key in mediating As uptake and translocation within plant tissues. Moreover, we explore the gene regulatory networks that orchestrate the synthesis of phytochelatins and metallothioneins, which are crucial for As chelation and detoxification. Transcription factors, particularly those belonging to the MYB, NAC, and WRKY families, emerge as central regulators in activating As-responsive genes. On a post-translational level, we examine how ubiquitination pathways modulate the stability and function of proteins involved in As metabolism. By integrating omics findings, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the complex genomic landscape that defines plant responses to As. Knowledge gained from these genomic and epigenetic insights is pivotal for developing biotechnological strategies to enhance crop As tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Gracia-Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, Dunbar, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Carlos Lopez-Ortiz
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, Dunbar, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Gerardo Flores-Iga
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, Dunbar, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Lizbeth Ibarra-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
| | - Padma Nimmakayala
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, Dunbar, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Umesh K. Reddy
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, Dunbar, WV 25112-1000, USA
| | - Nagamani Balagurusamy
- Laboratorio de Biorremediación, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
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Karle SB, Kumar K. Rice tonoplast intrinsic protein member OsTIP1;2 confers tolerance to arsenite stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133078. [PMID: 38056278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The International Agency for Research on Cancer categorizes arsenic (As) as a group I carcinogen. Arsenic exposure significantly reduces growth, development, metabolism, and crop yield. Tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs) belong to the major intrinsic protein (MIP) superfamily and transport various substrates, including metals/metalloids. Our study aimed to characterize rice OsTIP1;2 in As[III] stress response. The gene expression analysis showed that the OsTIP1;2 expression was enhanced in roots on exposure to As[III] treatment. The heterologous expression of OsTIP1;2 in S. cerevisiae mutant lacking YCF1 (ycf1∆) complemented the As[III] transport function of the YCF1 transporter but not for boron (B) and arsenate As[V], indicating its substrate selective nature. The ycf1∆ mutant expressing OsTIP1;2 accumulated more As than the wild type (W303-1A) and ycf1∆ mutant strain carrying the pYES2.1 vector. OsTIP1;2 activity was partially inhibited in the presence of the aquaporin (AQP) inhibitors. The subcellular localization studies confirmed that OsTIP1;2 is localized to the tonoplast. The transient overexpression of OsTIP1;2 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves resulted in increased activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, suggesting a potential role in mitigating oxidative stress induced by As[III]. The transgenic N. tabacum overexpressing OsTIP1;2 displayed an As[III]-tolerant phenotype, with increased fresh weight and root length than the wild-type (WT) and empty vector (EV line). The As translocation factor (TF) for WT and EV was around 0.8, while that of OE lines was around 0.4. Moreover, the OE line bioconcentration factor (BCF) was more than 1. Notably, the reduced TF and increased BCF in the OE line imply the potential of OsTIP1;2 for phytostabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Balasaheb Karle
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, Goa 403726, India
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, Goa 403726, India.
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McEvoy SL, Lustenhouwer N, Melen MK, Nguyen O, Marimuthu MPA, Chumchim N, Beraut E, Parker IM, Meyer RS. Chromosome-level reference genome of stinkwort, Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Greuter: A resource for studies on invasion, range expansion, and evolutionary adaptation under global change. J Hered 2023; 114:561-569. [PMID: 37262429 PMCID: PMC10445520 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Greuter, or stinkwort, is a weedy annual plant within the family Asteraceae. The species is recognized for the rapid expansion of both its native and introduced ranges: in Europe, it has expanded its native distribution northward from the Mediterranean basin by nearly 7 °C latitude since the mid-20th century, while in California and Australia the plant is an invasive weed of concern. Here, we present the first de novo D. graveolens genome assembly (1N = 9 chromosomes), including complete chloroplast (151,013 bp) and partial mitochondrial genomes (22,084 bp), created using Pacific Biosciences HiFi reads and Dovetail Omni-C data. The final primary assembly is 835 Mbp in length, of which 98.1% are represented by 9 scaffolds ranging from 66 to 119 Mbp. The contig N50 is 74.9 Mbp and the scaffold N50 is 96.9 Mbp, which, together with a 98.8% completeness based on the BUSCO embryophyta10 database containing 1,614 orthologs, underscores the high quality of this assembly. This pseudo-molecule-scale genome assembly is a valuable resource for our fundamental understanding of the genomic consequences of range expansion under global change, as well as comparative genomic studies in the Asteraceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L McEvoy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
- Department of Conservation and Research, Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Nicky Lustenhouwer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Miranda K Melen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Oanh Nguyen
- DNA Technologies and Expression Analysis Core Laboratory, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mohan P A Marimuthu
- DNA Technologies and Expression Analysis Core Laboratory, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Noravit Chumchim
- DNA Technologies and Expression Analysis Core Laboratory, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Eric Beraut
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Ingrid M Parker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Rachel S Meyer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
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