1
|
Alkharpotly AA, Abd-Elkader DY, Salem MZM, Hassan HS. Growth, productivity and phytochemicals of Coriander in responses to foliar application of Acacia saligna fruit extract as a biostimulant under field conditions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2921. [PMID: 38316894 PMCID: PMC10844193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of natural extracts to vegetable plants can increase production, optimize nutrient and water uptake, and mitigate the effects of stress on vegetable plants by enhancing primary and secondary metabolism. In this study, Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L.Wendl. fruit aqueous extract (FAE) was applied as a foliar application to assess and demonstrate its effects on growth, productivity, and phytochemicals of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) plants. A. saligna FAE (2%, 4%, and 6%), each combined with 50% of the recommended dose of N fertilizer was applied to coriander plants over the course of two successive seasons in the field. These treatments were compared with the control treatment, which used a 100% recommended dose of N. The four tested treatments were set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates for a total of 12 experimental plots. Each replicate (experimental plot) was 3 m2 (2 × 1.5 m2) in size and included 300 seeds/m2. The phytochemicals were examined using chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods, where the essential oils (EOs) extracted from leaves were analyzed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while the phenolic and flavonoid compounds were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). With the application of A. saligna FAE (4%) + 50% N fertilizer, the levels of total solid content, total carbohydrates, total protein, total phenols, and total antioxidant activity, as well as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a + b, and carotenoids, were increased at harvest. The treatment A. saligna FAE at 6% + 50% N fertilizer did not observe significant improvement in the growth parameters of coriander plants because of the anticipated allelopathic effects. By GC-MS analysis, the major compounds in the EO from control treatment were 2-octyn-1-ol (23.93%), and 2-butyl-1-octanol (8.80%), in treated plants with 2% of A. saligna FAE + 50% N fertilizer were (E)-2-decen-1-ol (32.00%), and 1-methoxymethoxy-oct-2-yne (13.71%), in treated plants with 4% A. saligna FAE + 50% N fertilizer were E-2-undecen-1-ol (32.70%), and 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexene (8.91%), and in the treated plants with A. saligna FAE (6%) + 50% N fertilizer were phytol (80.44%), and (Z)6,(Z)9-pentadecadien-1-ol (13.75%). The flavonoid components 7-hydroxyflavone, naringin, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, and catechin were presented with variable concentrations according to the treatments utilized as identified by HPLC analysis from the methanol extracts of the treated plants with the combination treatments of A. saligna FAE (2, 4, and 6%) and N fertilization (50% from the recommended dose) and control coriander plants (100% N recommended dose). The combination of 50% N fertilizer treatment and the biostimulant A. saligna FAE (4%) seems to improve coriander plant growth while simultaneously lowering N fertilizer consumption. Future research will be needed to further study the effectiveness of several concentrations of A. saligna FAE in various conditions and/or species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Alkharpotly
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Marsa Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Doaa Y Abd-Elkader
- Department of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z M Salem
- Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa S Hassan
- Department of Vegetable, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hernández-Soto I, González-García Y, Juárez-Maldonado A, Hernández-Fuentes AD. Impact of Argemone mexicana L. on tomato plants infected with Phytophthora infestans. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16666. [PMID: 38188144 PMCID: PMC10771083 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fungal diseases can cause significant losses in the tomato crop. Phytophthora infestans causes the late blight disease, which considerably affects tomato production worldwide. Weed-based plant extracts are a promising ecological alternative for disease control. Methods In this study, we analyzed the plant extract of Argemone mexicana L. using chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). We evaluated its impact on the severity of P. infestans, as well as its effect on the components of the antioxidant defense system in tomato plants. Results The extract from A. mexicana contains twelve compounds most have antifungal and biostimulant properties. The findings of the study indicate that applying the A. mexicana extract can reduce the severity of P. infestans, increase tomato fruit yield, enhance the levels of photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, phenols, and flavonoids, as well as decrease the biosynthesis of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide anion in the leaves of plants infected with this pathogen. These results suggest that using the extract from A. mexicana could be a viable solution to control the disease caused by P. infestans in tomato crop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iridiam Hernández-Soto
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Yolanda González-García
- Centro de Investigación Regional Noreste, Campo Experimental Todos Santos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Emiliano Zapata, La Paz, B.C.S, Mexico
| | - Antonio Juárez-Maldonado
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Departamento de Botánica, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Hernández-Fuentes
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khan S, Ibrar D, Hasnain Z, Nawaz M, Rais A, Ullah S, Gul S, Siddiqui MH, Irshad S. Moringa Leaf Extract Mitigates the Adverse Impacts of Drought and Improves the Yield and Grain Quality of Rice through Enhanced Physiological, Biochemical, and Antioxidant Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2511. [PMID: 37447069 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture, around the globe, is facing great challenges including the need to increase the production of nutrient-dense food and to withstand climate change's impact on water and soil conservation. Among these challenges, drought stress is considered the most overwhelming danger for the agriculture sector. Organic plant growth ingredients are frequently used to enhance the growth and production of field crops cultivated in normal and unfavorable conditions. The present study was designed to explore whether leaves extracted from various landraces of Moringa could play a defensive role against drought stress in rice. Seedlings were grown under three water conditions, i.e., normal conditions (control; 100% field capacity), moderate (75%), and severe drought (50%). Leaf extracts obtained from four Moringa landraces were used as foliar spray at the tillering, panicle initiation, and grain filling stages of cultivating rice plants. The levels of water stress negatively influenced photosynthetic pigment synthesis, gas exchange traits, antioxidant activities, and yield and grain quality parameters. Leaf extracts, at the rate of 3%, from all the landraces significantly enhanced the biochemical, physiological, and yield-related attributes of rice plants under normal and unfavorable growth conditions. Particularly, leaf extract from the Faisalabad landrace was the most effective biostimulant to increase photosynthetic (8.2%) and transpiration (13.3%) rates, stomatal conductance (8.3%), chlorophyll a (15.9%) and b (9.7%) contents, and carotenoids (10.4%) as compared to water spray. The maximum photosynthesis rate was observed at 14.27 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1 via application of leaf extract from the Faisalabad landrace followed by the DG Khan (13.92 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and Multan (13.9 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) landraces, respectively. Improved grain yield (25.4%) and grain quality (an increase of 10.1% in amylose with a decrease of 2.8% in amylopectin) in rice plants along with enzymatic activities such as catalase (21.2%), superoxide dismutase (38.6%), and ascorbate peroxidase (24.3%) were observed at the peak after application of leaf extract from the Faisalabad landrace. The maximum grain yield of 53.59 g per plant was recorded when using Faisalabad landrace leaf extract and the minimum (40 g) using water spray. It is concluded from the findings of the current experiment that leaf extract from the Faisalabad landrace possesses higher biostimulant potential than other landraces and can be applied to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought stress with higher productivity and improved grain quality of rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahbaz Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan
- Colorado Water Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Danish Ibrar
- Plant Genetic Resources Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Zuhair Hasnain
- Department of Agronomy, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Afroz Rais
- Department of Botany, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta 1800, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Arid Zone Research Centre, Dera Ismail Khan 29120, Pakistan
| | - Safia Gul
- Department of Botany, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta 1800, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan 64200, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Medrano-Macías J, Flores-Gallegos AC, Nava-Reyna E, Morales I, Tortella G, Solís-Gaona S, Benavides-Mendoza A. Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Sulfur Species (RONSS) as a Metabolic Cluster for Signaling and Biostimulation of Plants: An Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3203. [PMID: 36501243 PMCID: PMC9740111 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the relationship between the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and H2S-reactive sulfur species (RSS). These three metabolic pathways, collectively termed reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species (RONSS), constitute a conglomerate of reactions that function as an energy dissipation mechanism, in addition to allowing environmental signals to be transduced into cellular information. This information, in the form of proteins with posttranslational modifications or signaling metabolites derived from RONSS, serves as an inducer of many processes for redoxtasis and metabolic adjustment to the changing environmental conditions to which plants are subjected. Although it is thought that the role of reactive chemical species was originally energy dissipation, during evolution they seem to form a cluster of RONSS that, in addition to dissipating excess excitation potential or reducing potential, also fulfils essential signaling functions that play a vital role in the stress acclimation of plants. Signaling occurs by synthesizing many biomolecules that modify the activity of transcription factors and through modifications in thiol groups of enzymes. The result is a series of adjustments in plants' gene expression, biochemistry, and physiology. Therefore, we present an overview of the synthesis and functions of the RONSS, considering the importance and implications in agronomic management, particularly on the biostimulation of crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Medrano-Macías
- Department of Horticulture, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo 25315, Mexico
| | - Adriana Carolina Flores-Gallegos
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Saltillo 25280, Mexico
| | - Erika Nava-Reyna
- Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, National Center for Disciplinary Research in Water, Soil, Plants and Atmosphere Relations, Gomez Palacio 35150, Mexico
| | - Isidro Morales
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Regional Integral Development, Oaxaca 71230, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | | | | |
Collapse
|