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Belachew KY, Skovbjerg CK, Andersen SU, Stoddard FL. Phenotyping revealed tolerance traits and genotypes for acidity and aluminum toxicity in European Vicia faba L. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14404. [PMID: 38922894 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Soil acidity is a global issue; soils with pH <4.5 are widespread in Europe. This acidity adversely affects nutrient availability to plants; pH levels <5.0 lead to aluminum (Al3+) toxicity, a significant problem that hinders root growth and nutrient uptake in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and its symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium. However, little is known about the specific traits and tolerant genotypes among the European faba beans. This study aimed to identify response traits associated with tolerance to root zone acidity and Al3+ toxicity and potentially tolerant genotypes for future breeding efforts. Germplasm survey was conducted using 165 genotypes in a greenhouse aquaponics system. Data on the root and shoot systems were collected. Subsequently, 12 genotypes were selected for further phenotyping in peat medium, where data on physiological and morphological parameters were recorded along with biochemical responses in four selected genotypes. In the germplasm survey, about 30% of genotypes showed tolerance to acidity and approximately 10% exhibited tolerance to Al3+, while 7% showed tolerance to both. The phenotyping experiment indicated diverse morphological and physiological responses among treatments and genotypes. Acid and Al3+ increased proline concentration. Interaction between genotype and environment was observed for ascorbate peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde, and proline concentrations. Genomic markers associated with acidity and acid+Al3+-toxicity tolerances were identified using GWAS analysis. Four faba bean genotypes with varying levels of tolerance to acidity and Al3+ toxicity were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiflemariam Y Belachew
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Horticulture, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Stig U Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frederick L Stoddard
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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de Oliveira BR, Queiroz Duarte MA, Zuffo AM, Steiner F, González Aguilera J, Filgueiras Dutra A, de Alcântara Neto F, Renan Lima Leite M, Guedes da Silva NS, Pumacallahui Salcedo E, Morales-Aranibar L, Mollinedo Chura RM, Ccama Alejo R, Caviedes Contreras W. Selection of forage grasses for cultivation under water-limited conditions using Manhattan distance and TOPSIS. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292076. [PMID: 38166042 PMCID: PMC10760912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Extreme weather events, such as severe droughts, pose a threat to the sustainability of beef cattle by limiting the growth and development of forage plants and reducing the available pasture for animals. Thus, the search for forage species that are more tolerant and adapted to soil water deficit conditions is an important strategy to improve food supply. In this study, we propose utilizing the mathematical concept of the Manhattan distance to assess the variations in the morphological variables of tropical forage grasses under water-limited conditions. This study aimed to select genotypes of tropical forage grasses under different water stress levels (moderate or severe) at this distance and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Nine varieties from five species were examined. Forage grasses were grown in 12-L pots under three soil irrigation regimes [100% pot capacity-PC (well-irrigated control), 60% PC (moderate drought stress), and 25% PC (severe drought stress)] with four replicates. Drought stress treatments were applied for 25 days during the forage grass tillering and stalk elongation phases. After exposure to drought stress, the growth and morphological traits of forage plants were evaluated. The results show that the use of the Manhattan distance combined with TOPSIS helps in the genotypic selection of more stable tropical forage grass varieties when comparing plants exposed to moderate and severe drought conditions in relation to the nonstressful environment (control). The 'ADR 300', 'Pojuca', 'Marandu', and 'Xaraés' varieties show greater stability when grown in a greenhouse and subjected to water stress environments. The selected forage varieties can be used as parents in plant breeding programs, allowing us to obtain new drought-resistant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Aparecido Queiroz Duarte
- Departamento de Matemática, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Unidade de Cassilândia, Cassilândia-MS, Brasil
| | - Alan Mario Zuffo
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Balsas, Balsas-MA, Brasil
| | - Fábio Steiner
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Unidade de Cassilândia, Cassilândia-MS, Brasil
| | - Jorge González Aguilera
- Pantanal Editora, Nova Xavantina-MT, Brasil
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Unidade de Cassilândia, Cassilândia-MS, Brasil
| | | | | | - Marcos Renan Lima Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal do Piauí Teresina, Piauí, Brasil
| | | | - Eliseo Pumacallahui Salcedo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de Quillabamba (UNIQ), Cusco, Perú
| | - Luis Morales-Aranibar
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de Quillabamba (UNIQ), Cusco, Perú
| | | | - Roger Ccama Alejo
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano—Puno, Puno, Perú
| | - Wilberth Caviedes Contreras
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios (UNAMAD), Madre de Dios, Perú
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