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Kong L, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Li H, Wang Z, Si J, Fan S, Feng B. Does energy cost constitute the primary cause of ammonium toxicity in plants? PLANTA 2022; 256:62. [PMID: 35994155 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) are the main nitrogen (N) sources and key determinants for plant growth and development. In recent decades, NH4+, which is a double-sided N compound, has attracted considerable amounts of attention from researchers. Elucidating the mechanisms of NH4+ toxicity and exploring the means to overcome this toxicity are necessary to improve agricultural sustainability. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge concerning the energy consumption and production underlying NH4+ metabolism and toxicity in plants, such as N uptake; assimilation; cellular pH homeostasis; and functions of the plasma membrane (PM), vacuolar H+-ATPase and H+-pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase). We also discuss whether the overconsumption of energy is the primary cause of NH4+ toxicity or constitutes a fundamental strategy for plants to adapt to high-NH4+ stress. In addition, the effects of regulators on energy production and consumption and other physiological processes are listed for evaluating the possibility of high energy costs associated with NH4+ toxicity. This review is helpful for exploring the tolerance mechanisms and for developing NH4+-tolerant varieties as well as agronomic techniques to alleviate the effects of NH4+ stress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingan Kong
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yunxiu Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zongshuai Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jisheng Si
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shoujin Fan
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Bo Feng
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100, China.
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Srivastava AK, Pandey M, Ghate T, Kumar V, Upadhyay MK, Majumdar A, Sanjukta AK, Agrawal AK, Bose S, Srivastava S, Suprasanna P. Chemical intervention for enhancing growth and reducing grain arsenic accumulation in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116719. [PMID: 33640652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous environmental carcinogen that enters the human food chain mainly through rice grains. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of thiourea (TU; non-physiological reactive oxygen species scavenger) in mitigating the negative effects of arsenic (As) stress in indica rice variety IR64, with the overall aim to reduce grain As accumulation. At seedling stage, As + TU treatment induced the formation of more numerous and longer crown roots compared with As alone. The As accumulation in main root, crown root, lower leaf and upper leaf was significantly reduced to 0.1-, 0.14-, 0.16-, 0.14-fold, respectively in As + TU treated seedlings compared with those of As alone. This reduced As accumulation was also coincided with light-dependent suppression in the expression levels of aquaporins and photosynthesis-related genes in As + TU treated roots. In addition, the foliar-supplemented TU under As-stress maintained reducing redox conditions which decreased the rate of As accumulation in flag leaves and, eventually grain As by 0.53-fold compared with those of As treatment. The agronomic feasibility of TU was validated under naturally As contaminated sites of Nadia (West Bengal, India). The tiller numbers and crop productivity (kg seed/ha) of TU-sprayed plants were increased by 1.5- and 1.18-fold, respectively; while, grain As accumulation was reduced by 0.36-fold compared with those of water-sprayed control. Thus, this study established TU application as a sustainable solution for cultivating rice in As-contaminated field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Manish Pandey
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Tejashree Ghate
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Vikash Kumar
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Munish Kumar Upadhyay
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Sanjukta
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India
| | - Sutapa Bose
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- Plant Stress Biology Laboratory, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
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Pereira PN, Cushman JC. Exploring the Relationship between Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) and Mineral Nutrition with a Special Focus on Nitrogen. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4363. [PMID: 31491972 PMCID: PMC6769741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is characterized by nocturnal CO2 uptake and concentration, reduced photorespiration, and increased water-use efficiency (WUE) when compared to C3 and C4 plants. Plants can perform different types of CAM and the magnitude and duration of CAM expression can change based upon several abiotic conditions, including nutrient availability. Here, we summarize the abiotic factors that are associated with an increase in CAM expression with an emphasis on the relationship between CAM photosynthesis and nutrient availability, with particular focus on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium. Additionally, we examine nitrogen uptake and assimilation as this macronutrient has received the greatest amount of attention in studies using CAM species. We also discuss the preference of CAM species for different organic and inorganic sources of nitrogen, including nitrate, ammonium, glutamine, and urea. Lastly, we make recommendations for future research areas to better understand the relationship between macronutrients and CAM and how their interaction might improve nutrient and water-use efficiency in order to increase the growth and yield of CAM plants, especially CAM crops that may become increasingly important as global climate change continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Natália Pereira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - John C Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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Ishizawa M, Hashimoto K, Ohtani M, Sano R, Kurihara Y, Kusano H, Demura T, Matsui M, Sato-Nara K. Inhibition of Pre-mRNA Splicing Promotes Root Hair Development in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1974-1985. [PMID: 31368506 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs protruding from epidermal cells increase the surface area for water absorption and nutrient uptake. Various environmental factors including light, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, calcium and mycorrhizal associations promote root hair formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Light regulates the expression of a large number of genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels; however, there is little information linking the light response to root hair development. In this study, we describe a novel mutant, light-sensitive root-hair development 1 (lrh1), that displays enhanced root hair development in response to light. Hypocotyl and root elongation was inhibited in the lrh1 mutant, which had a late flowering phenotype. We identified the gene encoding the p14 protein, a putative component of the splicing factor 3b complex essential for pre-mRNA splicing, as being responsible for the lrh1 phenotype. Indeed, regulation of alternative splicing was affected in lrh1 mutants and treatment with a splicing inhibitor mimicked the lrh1 phenotype. Genome-wide alterations in pre-mRNA splicing patterns including differential splicing events of light signaling- and circadian clock-related genes were found in lrh1 as well as a difference in transcriptional regulation of multiple genes including upregulation of essential genes for root hair development. These results suggest that pre-mRNA splicing is the key mechanism regulating root hair development in response to light signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miku Ishizawa
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-nishimachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Kayo Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-nishimachi, Nara, Japan
| | - Misato Ohtani
- Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sano
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Yukio Kurihara
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kusano
- Laboratory of Plant Gene Expression, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Japan
| | - Taku Demura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Minami Matsui
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Tsurumi-ku Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kumi Sato-Nara
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-nishimachi, Nara, Japan
- Research Group of Biological Sciences, Division of Natural Sciences, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-nishimachi, Nara, Japan
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Feng ZJ, Xu SC, Liu N, Zhang GW, Hu QZ, Xu ZS, Gong YM. Identification of the AQP members involved in abiotic stress responses from Arabidopsis. Gene 2018; 646:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Maurel C, Boursiac Y, Luu DT, Santoni V, Shahzad Z, Verdoucq L. Aquaporins in Plants. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:1321-58. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00008.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are membrane channels that facilitate the transport of water and small neutral molecules across biological membranes of most living organisms. In plants, aquaporins occur as multiple isoforms reflecting a high diversity of cellular localizations, transport selectivity, and regulation properties. Plant aquaporins are localized in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles, plastids and, in some species, in membrane compartments interacting with symbiotic organisms. Plant aquaporins can transport various physiological substrates in addition to water. Of particular relevance for plants is the transport of dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide and ammonia or metalloids such as boron and silicon. Structure-function studies are developed to address the molecular and cellular mechanisms of plant aquaporin gating and subcellular trafficking. Phosphorylation plays a central role in these two processes. These mechanisms allow aquaporin regulation in response to signaling intermediates such as cytosolic pH and calcium, and reactive oxygen species. Combined genetic and physiological approaches are now integrating this knowledge, showing that aquaporins play key roles in hydraulic regulation in roots and leaves, during drought but also in response to stimuli as diverse as flooding, nutrient availability, temperature, or light. A general hydraulic control of plant tissue expansion by aquaporins is emerging, and their role in key developmental processes (seed germination, emergence of lateral roots) has been established. Plants with genetically altered aquaporin functions are now tested for their ability to improve plant tolerance to stresses. In conclusion, research on aquaporins delineates ever expanding fields in plant integrative biology thereby establishing their crucial role in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Maurel
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Boursiac
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Doan-Trung Luu
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Santoni
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Zaigham Shahzad
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Verdoucq
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Bittsánszky A, Pilinszky K, Gyulai G, Komives T. Overcoming ammonium toxicity. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 231:184-90. [PMID: 25576003 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (ammonium ion under physiological conditions) is one of the key nitrogen sources in cellular amino acid biosynthesis. It is continuously produced in living organisms by a number of biochemical processes, but its accumulation in cells leads to tissue damage. Current knowledge suggests that a few enzymes and transporters are responsible for maintaining the delicate balance of ammonium fluxes in plant tissues. In this study we analyze the data in the scientific literature and the publicly available information on the dozens of biochemical reactions in which endogenous ammonium is produced or consumed, the enzymes that catalyze them, and the enzyme and transporter mutants listed in plant metabolic and genetic databases (Plant Metabolic Network, TAIR, and Genevestigator). Our compiled data show a surprisingly high number of little-studied reactions that might influence cellular ammonium concentrations. The role of ammonium in apoptosis, its relation to oxidative stress, and alterations in ammonium metabolism induced by environmental stress need to be explored in order to develop methods to manage ammonium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Bittsánszky
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Otto 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Pilinszky
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Otto 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Gyulai
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Szent István University, Páter K. 1, 2103 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Tamas Komives
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Otto 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary.
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