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Chavan Bhagwan S, Gupta VS, Deshmukh VV, Sardeshmukh SS, Sardeshmukh SP. Standardization and preliminary characterization of an ayurvedic stress-relieving head massage oil of Nardostachys jatamansi DC. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:100900. [PMID: 38552438 PMCID: PMC10992859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2024.100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jatamansi/Nardostachys jatamansi (NJ) is an important aromatic shrub widely used by Ayurvedic practitioners for centuries due to its usefulness in intellect-enhancing (Medhya), strengthening (Balya), and skin disorders. Several classical dosage forms like hot or cold infusion, decoction, distillate, powders, etc. have been mentioned for NJ. Clinical trials of Jatamansi Oil (JO) as a head massage conducted by clinicians and therapists have shown encouraging results in de-stressing/stress management of cancer patients through head anointing treatment. OBJECTIVE Such effective proprietary formulation needs assessment of its characteristics using modern analytical technologies to comprehend the Ayurvedic concept of dermal pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Triplicate batches of JO were prepared by evaporating its decoction in sesame oil (SO). Basic physicochemical analysis of the raw material, in-process samples, and finished products was carried out to develop a monograph. Further, raw SO and finished product JO were subjected to TLC, and extracted in hexane and dichloromethane separately for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to profile several bioactive molecules from NJ in the final product, JO. RESULTS Standard Operating Procedure was developed and a basic monograph was prepared for JO. GC-MS analysis revealed several phytocompounds dissolved/dispersed in SO after processing, while 18 additional distinct peaks were observed in JO as compared to SO. CONCLUSION This preliminary analysis supports the Ayurvedic concept of lipid-based formulations. The plausible phytocompounds anticipated based on retention times can be further quantified and studied for their probable action as anointing treatment. A detailed experimental strategy for understanding the phytochemical changes during the entire process needs to be planned and performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Chavan Bhagwan
- Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust's Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India; Atharva Nature Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India.
| | - Vidya Shrikant Gupta
- Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust's Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India
| | - Vineeta Vasant Deshmukh
- Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust's Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India
| | - Sukumar Sadanand Sardeshmukh
- Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust's Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India; Atharva Nature Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India
| | - Sadanand Prabhakar Sardeshmukh
- Bharatiya Sanskriti Darshan Trust's Integrated Cancer Treatment and Research Centre, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India; Atharva Nature Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Wagholi, Pune, 412 207, India
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Sharma S, Rana AK, Rahmatkar SN, Patial V, Singh D. Protective effect of Nardostachys jatamansi extract against lithium-pilocarpine-induced spontaneous recurrent seizures and associated cardiac irregularities in a rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116280. [PMID: 36813245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC. is a perennial herbaceous medicinal plant widely used for the ethnomedical treatment of various ailments. The underground parts of the plants are used in traditional medicine to manage epilepsy and other cardiovascular conditions. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of a characterized hydroalcoholic extract (NJET) of Nardostachys jatamansi in the lithium-pilocarpine rat model of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) and associated cardiac irregularities. MATERIALS AND METHODS NJET was prepared by percolation using 80% ethanol. The dried NEJT was subjected to UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS for chemical characterization. Molecular docking studies were performed using the characterized compounds to understand mTOR interactions. The animals showing SRS following lithium-pilocarpine administration were treated with NJET for 6 weeks. Afterward, seizure severity, cardiac parameters, serum biochemistry, and histopathological parameters were studied. The cardiac tissue was processed for specific protein and gene expression studies. RESULTS The UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS characterized 13 compounds in NJET. The identified compounds subjected to molecular docking showed promising binding affinities toward mTOR. There was a dose-dependent decrease in the severity of SRS following the extract administration. A reduction in mean arterial pressure and serum biochemical markers (lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase) was also observed following NJET treatment in epileptic animals. Histopathological investigations revealed reduced degenerative changes and decreased fibrosis following the extract treatment. The cardiac mRNA level of Mtor, Rps6, Hif1a, and Tgfb3 was reduced in the extract-treated groups. Further, a similar reduction in the protein expression of p-mTOR and HIF-1α was also observed following NJET treatment in the cardiac tissue. CONCLUSIONS The results concluded that NJET treatment reduces lithium-pilocarpine-induced recurrent seizures and associated cardiac irregularities via downregulation of the mTOR signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Sharma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anil Kumar Rana
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shubham Nilkanth Rahmatkar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vikram Patial
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Sang CY, Zheng YD, Ma LM, Wang K, Wang CB, Chai T, Eshbakova KA, Yang JL. Potential Anti-Tumor Activity of Nardoguaianone L Isolated from Nardostachys jatamansi DC. in SW1990 Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217490. [PMID: 36364317 PMCID: PMC9656649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) were a rich source of diverse bioactive molecules. Most anti-tumor agents were built on natural scaffolds. Nardostachys jatamansi DC. was an important plant used to process the traditional Chinese herbal medicines “gansong”. Pancreatic cancer was the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Hence, there was an urgent need to develop novel agents for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In this paper, nardoguaianone L (G-6) is isolated from N. jatamansi, which inhibited SW1990 cells colony formation and cell migration, and induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we analyzed the differential expression proteins after treatment with G-6 in SW1990 cells by using iTRAQ/TMT-based quantitative proteomics technology, and the results showed that G-6 regulated 143 proteins’ differential expression by GO annotation, including biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. Meanwhile, KEGG enrichment found that with Human T-cell leukemia virus, one infection was the most highly enhanced pathway. Furthermore, the MET/PTEN/TGF-β pathway was identified as a significant pathway that had important biological functions, including cell migration and motility by PPI network analysis in SW1990 cells. Taken together, our study found that G-6 is a potential anti-pancreatic cancer agent with regulation of MET/PTEN/TGF-β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Sang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yi-Dan Zheng
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Li-Mei Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
- Beijing Research Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
- Beijing Research Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tian Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Komila A. Eshbakova
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
- Correspondence:
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Ma LM, Wang K, Meng XH, Zheng YD, Wang CB, Chai T, Naghavi MR, Sang CY, Yang JL. Terpenoids from Nardostachys jatamansi and their cytotoxic activity against human pancreatic cancer cell lines. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 200:113228. [PMID: 35561851 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Five previously unreported terpenoids, together with fifteen known analogs, were isolated from a methanol extract of the roots and rhizomes of Nardostachys jatamansi. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra analyses, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction for crystalline compounds. Structurally, (4R,5S,6S,7R)-1(10)-aristolane-8,9-diacid is a novel 8,9-dicarboxylic acid derivative of aristolane-type sesquiterpenoid. (4R,6S,7R,10S)-10-Hydroxyguaia-1(5)-6,7-epoxy-2-one is an undescribed analogue of nardoguaianone K, with a rare 6,7-epoxide group. (4R,5R,6R,8R)-1(10)-Isonardosinone-8-ol-9-one-7,11-lactone is an isonardosinane-type sesquiterpene bearing a γ-lactone ring. Dinardokanshone F is a rare example of a sesquiterpene dimer from N. jatamansi connected by an oxo bridge. The isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against four human pancreatic cancer cell lines (CFPAC-1, PANC-1, CAPAN-2 and SW1990). Compound epoxynardosinone exhibited significant cytotoxicity against CAPAN-2 cell lines with IC50 value of 2.60 ± 1.85 μM. 1-Hydroxylaristolone displayed comparable cytotoxicity on CFPAC-1 cell lines (IC50 1.12 ± 1.19 μM), compared to Taxol (IC50 0.32 ± 0.13 μM). 1-Hydroxylaristolone, 1(10)-aristolane-9β-ol, 1(10)-aristolen-2-one, alpinenone, valtrate isovaleroyloxyhydrine and nardostachin displayed stronger cytotoxicity against PANC-1 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.01 ± 0.01 to 6.50 ± 1.10 μM. 1(10)-Aristolane-9β-ol, 10-hydroxyguaia-1(5)-6,7-epoxy-2-one, nardoguaianone K, nardonoxide, epoxynardosinone, 1(10)-isonardosinone-8-ol-9-one-7,11-lactone, valtrate isovaleroyloxyhydrine and nardostachin showed remarkable cytotoxicity against SW1990 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.07 ± 0.05 to 4.82 ± 6.96 μM. Furthermore, the primary mechanistic study of nardostachin demonstrated that it induced cell apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway, and induced SW1900 cell arrest at G2/M phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Hua Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Dan Zheng
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Bo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Chai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammad Reza Naghavi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Chun-Yan Sang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
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Anupama KP, Antony A, Shilpa O, Raghu SV, Gurushankara HP. Jatamansinol from Nardostachys jatamansi Ameliorates Tau-Induced Neurotoxicity in Drosophila Alzheimer's Disease Model. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6091-6106. [PMID: 35864434 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nardostachys jatamansi has long been used to prepare Medhya Rasayana in traditional Indian Ayurveda medicine to treat neurological disorders and enhance memory. Jatamansinol from the N. jatamansi against Alzheimer's disease (AD) showed that it could be a multitargeted drug against AD. Drosophila is an ideal model organism for studying a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disease such as AD since its neuronal organizations and functioning are highly similar to that of humans. The current study investigates the neuroprotective properties of jatamansinol against Tau-induced neurotoxicity in the AD Drosophila model. Results indicate jatamansinol is not an antifeedant for larva and adult Drosophila. Lifespan, locomotor activity, learning and memory, Tau protein expression level, eye degeneration, oxidative stress level, and cholinesterase activities were analyzed in 10, 20, and 30-day-old control (wild type), and tauopathy flies reared on jatamansinol supplemented food or regular food without jatamansinol supplementation. Jatamansinol treatment significantly extends the lifespan, improves locomotor activity, enhances learning and memory, and reduces Tau protein levels in tauopathy flies. It boosts the antioxidant enzyme activities, prevents Tau-induced oxidative stress, ameliorates eye degeneration, and inhibits cholinesterase activities in Tau-induced AD model. This study provides the first evidence that jatamansinol protects against Tau's neurotoxic effect in the AD Drosophila model, and it can be a potential therapeutic drug candidate for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kizhakke Purayil Anupama
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Thejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, Kerala, India
| | - Anet Antony
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Thejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, Kerala, India
| | - Olakkaran Shilpa
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Thejaswini Hills, Periya, Kasaragod, 671 320, Kerala, India
| | - Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574 199, Karnataka, India
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(-)-Naringenin 4',7-dimethyl Ether Isolated from Nardostachys jatamansi Relieves Pain through Inhibition of Multiple Channels. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051735. [PMID: 35268839 PMCID: PMC8911579 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
(−)-Naringenin 4′,7-dimethyl ether ((−)-NRG-DM) was isolated for the first time by our lab from Nardostachys jatamansi DC, a traditional medicinal plant frequently used to attenuate pain in Asia. As a natural derivative of analgesic, the current study was designed to test the potential analgesic activity of (−)-NRG-DM and its implicated mechanism. The analgesic activity of (−)-NRG-DM was assessed in a formalin-induced mouse inflammatory pain model and mustard oil-induced mouse colorectal pain model, in which the mice were intraperitoneally administrated with vehicle or (−)-NRG-DM (30 or 50 mg/kg) (n = 10 for each group). Our data showed that (−)-NRG-DM can dose dependently (30~50 mg/kg) relieve the pain behaviors. Notably, (−)-NRG-DM did not affect motor coordination in mice evaluated by the rotarod test, in which the animals were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or (−)-NRG-DM (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) (n = 10 for each group). In acutely isolated mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons, (−)-NRG-DM (1~30 μM) potently dampened the stimulated firing, reduced the action potential threshold and amplitude. In addition, the neuronal delayed rectifier potassium currents (IK) and voltage-gated sodium currents (INa) were significantly suppressed. Consistently, (−)-NRG-DM dramatically inhibited heterologously expressed Kv2.1 and Nav1.8 channels which represent the major components of the endogenous IK and INa. A pharmacokinetic study revealed the plasma concentration of (−)-NRG-DM is around 7 µM, which was higher than the effective concentrations for the IK and INa. Taken together, our study showed that (−)-NRG-DM is a potential analgesic candidate with inhibition of multiple neuronal channels (mediating IK and INa).
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Wang M, Yang TT, Rao Y, Wang ZM, Dong X, Zhang LH, Han L, Zhang Y, Wang T, Zhu Y, Gao XM, Li TX, Wang HY, Xu YT, Wu HH. A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and the analytical methods of the genus Nardostachys. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114446. [PMID: 34339792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The plants of the genus Nardostachys (Caprifoliaceae) have been used for a long history in different cultural systems of medicine, including Chinese, Ayurvedic, Korean folk medicine and Islamic, for treatments of disorders in nervous, digestive, cardiovascular and integumentary systems. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to provide comprehensive information on Nardostachys plants including botany update, traditional uses, data mining of uses in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and current Chinese medicinal patents, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, toxicity and analytical method studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies of the genus Nardostachys were collected via Google Scholar and Baidu Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Wiley Online Library, ACS Publications, NLM/NCBI, Web of Science, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, EMBASE, Huabeing database and Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource Network and libraries. Some local books, PhD or MS's dissertations were also included. The literatures cited in this review covered the period from 1962 to March 2021. The Plant List and Kew Herbarium Catalogue databases were used to authenticate the scientific name. RESULTS Botany description of Nardostachys genus is updated. Analysis of the literatures indicates that Nardostachys species are valuable herbs with therapeutic potentials for various disorders. Data mining on ancient TCM prescriptions and current Chinese medicinal patents containing Nardostachys revealed its common compatibility with other herbs in China. Phytochemical studies identified terpenoids and phenolic compounds as the main constituents in the genus Nardostachys and sesquiterpenoids as the major bioactive components. Experimental studies demonstrated that crude extracts, major fractions and the main constituents from Nardostachys species mainly exhibited pharmacological activities on nervous, digestive, cardiovascular and skin systems. Further, in vivo and in vitro toxicological studies demonstrated that Nardostachys plants showed either no or low toxicities, except at high doses. Finally, methods of qualitative and quantitative analyses on chemical constituents of genus Nardostachys were summarized, including TLC/HPTLC, GC and HPLC/UPLC methods, combined with common detectors including PDA, DAD and MS. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the progress on phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and analytical methods of the genus Nardostachys. Studies demonstrate traditional uses of the genus Nardostachys, and reveal novel bioactive effects for clinical uses. These achievements expand our knowledge on the genus Nardostachys and its clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Tian-Tian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Yao Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Zhi-Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Xueqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Xiu-Mei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Tian-Xiang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Hai-Ying Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Yan-Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China; Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Hong-Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China.
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