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Lucas JA, Garcia-Villaraco A, Montero-Palmero MB, Montalban B, Ramos Solano B, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ. Physiological and Genetic Modifications Induced by Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Tomato Plants under Moderate Water Stress. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:901. [PMID: 37508334 PMCID: PMC10376424 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Physiological, metabolic, and genetic changes produced by two plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Pseudomonas sp. (internal code of the laboratory: N 5.12 and N 21.24) inoculated in tomato plants subjected to moderate water stress (10% polyethylene glycol-6000; PEG) were studied. Photosynthesis efficiency, photosynthetic pigments, compatible osmolytes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes activities, oxidative stress level and expression of genes related to abscisic acid synthesis (ABA; 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCDE1 gene), proline synthesis (Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase P5CS gene), and plasma membrane ATPase (PM ATPase gene) were measured. Photosynthetic efficiency was compromised by PEG, but bacterial-inoculated plants reversed the effects: while N5.12 increased carbon fixation (37.5%) maintaining transpiration, N21.24 increased both (14.2% and 31%), negatively affecting stomatal closure, despite the enhanced expression of NCDE1 and plasma membrane ATPase genes, evidencing the activation of different adaptive mechanisms. Among all parameters evaluated, photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) responded differently to both strains. N 5.12 increased photosynthetic pigments (70% chlorophyll a, 69% chlorophyll b, and 65% carotenoids), proline (33%), glycine betaine (4.3%), and phenolic compounds (21.5%) to a greater extent, thereby decreasing oxidative stress (12.5% in Malondialdehyde, MDA). Both bacteria have highly beneficial effects on tomato plants subjected to moderate water stress, improving their physiological state. The use of these bacteria in agricultural production systems could reduce the amount of water for agricultural irrigation without having a negative impact on food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Antonio Lucas
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ana Garcia-Villaraco
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Maria Belen Montero-Palmero
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Blanca Montalban
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramos Solano
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Gutierrez-Mañero
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU-Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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Lucas JA, García-Villaraco A, Ramos-Solano B, Akdi K, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ. Lipo-Chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) as Elicitors of the Enzymatic Activities Related to ROS Scavenging to Alleviate Oxidative Stress Generated in Tomato Plants under Stress by UV-B Radiation. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091246. [PMID: 35567247 PMCID: PMC9101198 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation can lead to oxidative damage in plants, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. To overcome ROS burst, plants have antioxidant mechanisms related to ROS scavenging which can be improved by elicitation with biological agents or derived molecules (elicitors), as they can trigger a physiological alert state called “priming”. This work describes the effects of lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) treatment applied to tomato plants under UV-B stress. The LCOs used in the study are produced by three species of the genus Ensifer (formerly Sinorhizobium) (SinCEU-1, SinCEU-2, and SinCEU-3) were assayed on tomato plants under UV-B stress. LCOs were able to significantly increase most of the enzymatic activities related to ROS scavenging while non-enzymatic antioxidants were not modified. This response was associated with a lower oxidative stress, according to malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the higher antioxidant capacity of the plants. Furthermore, the photosynthetic efficiency of LCOs-treated plants indicated a better physiological state than the control plants. Therefore, although more studies and deepening of certain aspects are necessary, LCOs have shown great potential to protect plants from high UV-B radiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Lucas
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (B.R.-S.); (F.J.G.-M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana García-Villaraco
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (B.R.-S.); (F.J.G.-M.)
| | - Beatriz Ramos-Solano
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (B.R.-S.); (F.J.G.-M.)
| | - Khalid Akdi
- Trichodex S.A., Polígono Industrial La Isla, Rio Viejo 57-59, 41703 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Gutierrez-Mañero
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (B.R.-S.); (F.J.G.-M.)
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Gutierrez-Albanchez E, García-Villaraco A, Lucas JA, Horche I, Ramos-Solano B, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ. Pseudomonas palmensis sp. nov., a Novel Bacterium Isolated From Nicotiana glauca Microbiome: Draft Genome Analysis and Biological Potential for Agriculture. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:672751. [PMID: 34489881 PMCID: PMC8417607 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.672751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Pseudomonas, designated strain BBB001T, an aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, was isolated from the rhizosphere of Nicotiana glauca in Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain. Genomic analysis revealed that it could not be assigned to any known species of Pseudomonas, so the name Pseudomonas palmensis sp. nov. was proposed. A 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis suggested affiliation to the Pseudomonas brassicae group, being P. brassicae MAFF212427 T the closest related type strain. Upon genomic comparisons of both strains, all values were below thresholds established for differentiation: average nucleotide identity (ANI, 88.29%), average amino acid identity (AAI, 84.53%), digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH, 35.4%), and TETRA values (0.98). When comparing complete genomes, a total of 96 genes present exclusively in BBB001T were identified, 80 of which appear associated with specific subsystems. Phenotypic analysis has shown its ability to assimilate glucose, potassium gluconate, capric acid malate, trisodium citrate, and phenylacetic acid; it was oxidase positive. It is able to produce auxins and siderophores in vitro; its metabolic profile based on BIOLOG Eco has shown a high catabolic capacity. The major fatty acids accounting for 81.17% of the total fatty acids were as follows: C16:0 (33.29%), summed feature 3 (22.80%) comprising C16:1 ω7c and C16:1 ω6c, summed feature 8 (13.66%) comprising C18:1 ω7c, and C18:1ω6c and C17:0 cyclo (11.42%). The ability of this strain to improve plant fitness was tested on tomato and olive trees, demonstrating a great potential for agriculture as it is able to trigger herbaceous and woody species. First, it was able to improve iron nutrition and growth on iron-starved tomatoes, demonstrating its nutrient mobilization capacity; this effect is related to its unique genes related to iron metabolism. Second, it increased olive and oil yield up to 30% on intensive olive orchards under water-limiting conditions, demonstrating its capacity to improve adaptation to adverse conditions. Results from genomic analysis together with differences in phenotypic features and chemotaxonomic analysis support the proposal of strain BBB001T (=LMG 31775T = NCTC 14418T) as the type strain of a novel species for which the name P. palmensis sp. nov is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Gutierrez-Albanchez
- Biobab R&D S. L., Madrid, Spain
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ana García-Villaraco
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - José A. Lucas
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Ramos-Solano
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - F. J. Gutierrez-Mañero
- Plant Physiology, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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Yang C, Zou Z, Fernando WGD. The Effect of Temperature on the Hypersensitive Response (HR) in the Brassica napus-Leptosphaeria maculans Pathosystem. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:843. [PMID: 33922044 PMCID: PMC8143495 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is considered one of the crucial environmental elements in plant pathological interactions, and previous studies have indicated that there is a relationship between temperature change and host-pathogen interactions. The objective of this research is to investigate the link between temperature and the incompatible interactions of the host and pathogen. In this study, two Leptosphaeria maculans isolates (HCRT75 8-1 and HCRT77 7-2) and two Brassica napus genotypes (Surpass400 and 01-23-2-1) were selected. The selected B. napus genotypes displayed intermediate and resistant phenotypes. The inoculated seedlings were tested under three temperature conditions: 16 °C/10 °C, 22 °C/16 °C and 28 °C/22 °C (day/night: 16 h/8 h). Lesion measurements demonstrated that the necrotic lesions from the 28 °C/22 °C treatment were enlarged compared with the other two temperature treatments (i.e., 16 °C/10 °C and 22 °C/16 °C). The results of expression analysis indicated that the three temperature treatments displayed distinct differences in two marker genes (PATHOGENESIS-RELATED (PR) 1 and 2) for plant defense and one temperature-sensitive gene BONZAI 1 (BON1). Additionally, seven dpi at 22 °C/16 °C appeared to be the optimal pre-condition for the induction of PR1 and 2. These findings suggest that B. napus responds to temperature changes when infected with L. maculans.
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García-Villaraco A, Boukerma L, Lucas JA, Gutierrez-Mañero FJ, Ramos-Solano B. Tomato Bio-Protection Induced by Pseudomonas fluorescens N21.4 Involves ROS Scavenging Enzymes and PRs, without Compromising Plant Growth. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020331. [PMID: 33572123 PMCID: PMC7916082 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims: to discover the interrelationship between growth, protection and photosynthesis induced by Pseudomonas fluorescens N21.4 in tomato (Lycopersicum sculentum) challenged with the leaf pathogen Xanthomonas campestris, and to define its priming fingerprint. Methods: Photosynthesis was determined by fluorescence; plant protection was evaluated by relative disease incidence, enzyme activities by specific colorimetric assays and gene expression by qPCR. Changes in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging cycle enzymes and pathogenesis related protein activity and expression were determined as metabolic and genetic markers of induction of systemic resistance. Results: N21.4 significantly protected plants and increased dry weight. Growth increase is supported by significant increases in photochemical quenching together with significant decreases in energy dissipation (Non-Photochemical Quenching, NPQ). Protection was associated with changes in ROS scavenging cycle enzymes, which were significantly increased on N21.4 + pathogen challenged plants, supporting the priming effect. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) was a good indicator of biotic stress, showing similar levels in pathogen- and N21.4-treated plants. Similarly, the activity of defense-related enzymes, ß-1,3-glucanase and chitinase significantly increased in post-pathogen challenge state; changes in gene expression were not coupled to activity. Conclusions: protection does not compromise plant growth; N21.4 priming fingerprint is defined by enhanced photochemical quenching and decreased energy dissipation, enhanced chlorophylls, primed ROS scavenging cycle enzyme activity, and glucanase and chitinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana García-Villaraco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, P.O. Box 67, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (L.B.); (J.A.L.); (F.J.G.-M.)
| | - Lamia Boukerma
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, P.O. Box 67, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (L.B.); (J.A.L.); (F.J.G.-M.)
- Laboratoire National de Recherche en Ressources Génétiques et Biotechnologies, ENSA (ES1603), Al Harrach 16131, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Protection et de Valorisation de Ressources Agro-Biologiques, Faculté SNV, Université Saad Dahleb Blida 1, Blida 09000, Algeria
| | - Jose Antonio Lucas
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, P.O. Box 67, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (L.B.); (J.A.L.); (F.J.G.-M.)
| | - Francisco Javier Gutierrez-Mañero
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, P.O. Box 67, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (L.B.); (J.A.L.); (F.J.G.-M.)
| | - Beatriz Ramos-Solano
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU Universities, P.O. Box 67, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-V.); (L.B.); (J.A.L.); (F.J.G.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-3724785; Fax: +34-91-3510496
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