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Roland RM, Bhawani SA, Ibrahim MNM. Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer by precipitation polymerization for the removal of ametryn. BMC Chem 2023; 17:165. [PMID: 38001543 PMCID: PMC10668388 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-01084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ametryn (AME) is a triazine herbicide which is mainly used to kill unwanted herbs in crops. Despite its importance in agriculture, the usage of AME also poses a risk to humans and the ecosystem due to its toxicity. Hence, it is important to develop a method for the effective removal of AME from various water sources which is in the form of molecular imprinting polymer (MIP). In this study, MIP of AME was synthesized via precipitation polymerization using AME as the template molecule with three different functional monomers including methacrylic acid (MAA), acrylamide (AAm) and 2-vinylpyridine (2VP). The three different synthesized polymers namely MIP (MAA), MIP (AAm) and MIP (2VP) were characterized using Fourier Infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Field Emission Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Then, the batch binding study was carried out using all three MIPs in which MIP (MAA) attained the highest rebinding efficiency (93.73%) among the synthesized polymers. The Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were also conducted on the selected MIP (MAA). Adsorption studies including initial concentration, pH and polymer dosage were also conducted on MIP (MAA). In this study, the highest adsorption efficiency was attained at the optimum condition of 6 ppm of AME solution at pH 7 with 0.1 g of MIP (MAA). MIP (MAA) was successfully applied to remove AME from spiked distilled water, tap water and river water samples with removal efficiencies of 95.01%, 90.24% and 88.37%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Marcella Roland
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Showkat Ahmad Bhawani
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
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2
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Lu Z, Dai S, Liu T, Yang J, Sun M, Wu C, Su G, Wang X, Rao H, Yin H, Zhou X, Ye J, Wang Y. Machine learning-assisted Te-CdS@Mn 3O 4 nano-enzyme induced self-enhanced molecularly imprinted ratiometric electrochemiluminescence sensor with smartphone for portable and visual monitoring of 2,4-D. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114996. [PMID: 36521203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here, a novel and portable machine learning-assisted smartphone-based visual molecularly imprinted ratiometric electrochemiluminescence (MIRECL) sensing platform was constructed for highly selective sensitive detection of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for the first time. Te doped CdS-coated Mn3O4 (Te-CdS@Mn3O4) with catalase-like activity served as cathode-emitter, while luminol as anode luminophore accompanied H2O2 as co-reactant, and Te-CdS@Mn3O4 decorated molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as recognition unit, respectively. Molecular models were constructed and MIP band and binding energies were calculated to elucidate the luminescence mechanism and select the best functional monomers. The peroxidase activity and the large specific surface area of Mn3O4 and the electrochemical effect can significantly improve the ECL intensity and analytical sensitivity of Te-CdS@Mn3O4. 2,4-D-MIPs were fabricated by in-situ electrochemical polymerization, and the rebinding of 2,4-D inhibits the binding of H2O2 to the anode emitter, and with the increase of the cathode impedance, the ECL response of Te-CdS@Mn3O4 decreases significantly. However, the blocked reaction of luminol on the anode surface also reduces the ECL response. Thus, a double-reduced MIRECL sensing system was designed and exhibited remarkable performance in sensitivity and selectivity due to the specific recognition of MIPs and the inherent ratio correction effect. Wider linear range in the range of 1 nM-100 μM with a detection limit of 0.63 nM for 2,4-D detection. Interestingly, a portable and visual smartphone-based MIRECL analysis system was established based on the capture of luminescence images by smartphones, classification and recognition by convolutional neural networks, and color analysis by self-developed software. Therefore, the developed MIRECL sensor is suitable for integration with portable devices for intelligent, convenient, and fast detection of 2,4-D in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lu
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China.
| | - Shijie Dai
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Information Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xinkang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Chun Wu
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - GeHong Su
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Xianxiang Wang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Hanbing Rao
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, PR China
| | - Xinguang Zhou
- Shenzhen NTEK Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Jianshan Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, PR China.
| | - Yanying Wang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Xin Kang Road, Yucheng District, Ya'an, 625014, PR China.
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3
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Fu X, Yuan S, Yang F, Yu H, Xie Y, Guo Y, Yao W. Characterization of the interaction between boscalid and tannic acid and its effect on the antioxidant properties of tannic acid. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1325-1335. [PMID: 36786363 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The binding of pesticide residues and fruit components may have a profound impact on pesticide dissipation and the functional characteristics of the corresponding components. Therefore, the interaction between boscalid and tannic acid (TA, a representative phenolic in fruit) was systematically investigated using spectroscopic, thermodynamic, and computational chemistry methods. A separable system was designed to obtain the boscalid-TA complex. Fourier transform infrared and 1 H-NMR spectroscopies indicated the formation of hydrogen bonds in the complex. Isothermal titration calorimetry showed that the complex bound spontaneously through hydrophobic interactions (ΔG < 0, ΔH > 0, ΔS > 0), with a binding constant of 6.0 × 105 M-1 at 298 K. The molecular docking results further confirmed the formation of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions in the complex at the molecular level, with a binding energy of -8.43 kcal mol-1 . In addition, the binding of boscalid to TA significantly decreased the antioxidant activity of TA. The binding of boscalid residue to TA was characterized at the molecular level, which significantly reduced the in vitro antioxidant properties of TA. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study provides a reference for the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between pesticide residues and food matrices, as well as a basis for regulating bound-state pesticide residues in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaofeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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4
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J. Bichan M, M. AL-Abady F, K. Al-Bayati Y, F. Awwadi F. Preparation and computational investigation of molecular imprinted polymers for Clidinium Bromide. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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5
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Topçu A, Kılıç S, Özgür E, Türkmen D, Denizli A. Inspirations of Biomimetic Affinity Ligands: A Review. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32897-32907. [PMID: 36157742 PMCID: PMC9494661 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Affinity chromatography is a well-known method dependent on molecular recognition and is used to purify biomolecules by mimicking the specific interactions between the biomolecules and their substrates. Enzyme substrates, cofactors, antigens, and inhibitors are generally utilized as bioligands in affinity chromatography. However, their cost, instability, and leakage problems are the main drawbacks of these bioligands. Biomimetic affinity ligands can recognize their target molecules with high selectivity. Their cost-effectiveness and chemical and biological stabilities make these antibody analogs favorable candidates for affinity chromatography applications. Biomimetics applies to nature and aims to develop nanodevices, processes, and nanomaterials. Today, biomimetics provides a design approach to the biomimetic affinity ligands with the aid of computational methods, rational design, and other approaches to meet the requirements of the bioligands and improve the downstream process. This review highlighted the recent trends in designing biomimetic affinity ligands and summarized their binding interactions with the target molecules with computational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aykut
Arif Topçu
- Medical
Laboratory Program, Vocational School of Health Service, Aksaray University, 68100 Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Seçkin Kılıç
- Department
of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdoğan Özgür
- Department
of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Türkmen
- Department
of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department
of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
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6
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Ektirici S, Kurç Ö, Jalilzadeh M, Aşır S, Türkmen D. Computational Investigation of the Monomer Ratio and Solvent Environment for the Complex Formed between Sulfamethoxazole and Functional Monomer Methacrylic Acid. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:17175-17184. [PMID: 35647456 PMCID: PMC9134257 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) that will be formed by the sulfamethoxazole (SMX) molecule and methacrylic acid (MAA) molecule were examined theoretically. The most stable interaction region between the two molecules was determined in solvent environments (ethanol, acetonitrile, and dimethylsulfoxide), and monomer ratios (SMX/MAA; 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were examined to form the most stable geometry. The number and length of the hydrogen bonds formed between the template molecule and the functional monomer and the interaction between the atoms were determined. Geometry optimizations of the molecules were calculated by the DFT method at the M06-2X/ccpVTZ level, and single-point energy calculations were carried out at the B2PLYP-D3/ccpVDZ level. In addition to the theoretical studies, the experimental Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of the complex formed between SMX and MAA was compared with the theoretical FTIR spectrum. As a result of the studies, the monomer ratio and solvent environment in which the stable complex was formed were determined in the MIP studies carried out with the SMX template molecule and MAA monomer. The most stable template molecule-monomer ratio of the complex between SMX and MAA was determined to be 1:3, and the solvent medium in which the most stable geometry was formed was acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisem Ektirici
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe
University, Beytepe, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Önder Kurç
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe
University, Beytepe, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Mitra Jalilzadeh
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe
University, Beytepe, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Aşır
- Department
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Mersin 10 Turkey, North
Cyprus
| | - Deniz Türkmen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe
University, Beytepe, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Veloz Martínez I, Ek JI, Ahn EC, Sustaita AO. Molecularly imprinted polymers via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer synthesis in sensing and environmental applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9186-9201. [PMID: 35424874 PMCID: PMC8985154 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00232a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have shown their potential as artificial and selective receptors for environmental monitoring. These materials can be tailor-made to achieve a specific binding event with a template through a chosen mechanism. They are capable of emulating the recognition capacity of biological receptors with superior stability and versatility of integration in sensing platforms. Commonly, these polymers are produced by traditional free radical bulk polymerization (FRP) which may not be the most suitable for enhancing the intended properties due to the poor imprinting performance. To improve the imprinting technique and the polymer capabilities, controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) has been used to overcome the main drawbacks of FRP. Combining CRP techniques such as RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) with MIP has achieved higher selectivity, sensitivity, and sorption capacity of these polymers when implemented as the transductor element in sensors. The present work focuses on RAFT-MIP design and synthesis strategies to enhance the binding affinities and their implementation in environmental contaminant sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irvin Veloz Martínez
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
| | - Jackeline Iturbe Ek
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
| | - Ethan C Ahn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX 78249 USA
| | - Alan O Sustaita
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey N.L. 64849 Mexico
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8
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Selective recognition and determination of malachite green in fish muscles via surface-enhanced Raman scattering coupled with molecularly imprinted polymers. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Factors Affecting Preparation of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer and Methods on Finding Template-Monomer Interaction as the Key of Selective Properties of the Materials. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185612. [PMID: 34577083 PMCID: PMC8470890 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imprinting is a technique for creating artificial recognition sites on polymer matrices that complement the template in terms of size, shape, and spatial arrangement of functional groups. The main advantage of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) as the polymer for use with a molecular imprinting technique is that they have high selectivity and affinity for the target molecules used in the molding process. The components of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer are template, functional monomer, cross-linker, solvent, and initiator. Many things determine the success of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, but the Molecularly Imprinted Polymer component and the interaction between template-monomers are the most critical factors. This review will discuss how to find the interaction between template and monomer in Molecularly Imprinted Polymer before polymerization and after polymerization and choose the suitable component for MIP development. Computer simulation, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) are generally used to determine the type and strength of intermolecular interaction on pre-polymerization stage. In turn, Suspended State Saturation Transfer Difference High Resolution/Magic Angle Spinning (STD HR/MAS) NMR, Raman Spectroscopy, and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Fluorescence Spectroscopy are used to detect chemical interaction after polymerization. Hydrogen bonding is the type of interaction that is becoming a focus to find on all methods as this interaction strongly contributes to the affinity of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs).
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García Y, Úsuga BA, Campos CH, Alderete JB, Jiménez VA. NanoMIPs Design for Fucose and Mannose Recognition: A Molecular Dynamics Approach. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:2048-2061. [PMID: 33784106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale molecularly imprinted polymers (nanoMIPs) are powerful molecular recognition tools with broad applications in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of complex diseases. In this work, fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to assist the design of nanoMIPs with recognition capacity toward l-fucose and d-mannose as prototype disease biomarkers. MD simulations were conducted on prepolymerization mixtures containing different molar ratios of the monomers N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), methacrylamide (MAM), and (4-acrylamidophenyl)(amino)methaniminium acetate (AB) and fixed molar ratios of the cross-linker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) in explicit acetonitrile as the porogenic solvent. Prepolymerization mixtures containing ternary mixtures of NIPAM (50%), MAM (25%), and AB (25%) exhibit the best imprinting potential for both l-fucose and d-mannose, as they maximize (i) the stability of template-monomer plus template-cross-linker interactions, (ii) the number of functional monomers plus cross-linkers organized around the template, and (iii) the number of hydrogen bonds participating in template recognition. The studied prepolymerization mixtures exhibit an overall increased recognition capacity toward d-mannose over l-fucose, which is attributed to the higher hydrogen-bonding capacity of the former template. Our results are valuable to guide the synthesis of efficient nanoMIPs for sugar recognition and provide a computational framework extensible to any other template, monomer, or cross-linker combination, thus constituting a promising strategy for the rational design of molecularly imprinted materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadiris García
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Avenida Lircay S/N, Talca, Chile 3460000
| | - Brandon A Úsuga
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano 7100, Talcahuano, Chile 4300866
| | - Cristian H Campos
- Departamento de Físico-Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Concepción, Chile 4070371
| | - Joel B Alderete
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Avenida Lircay S/N, Talca, Chile 3460000
| | - Verónica A Jiménez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sede Concepción, Autopista Concepción-Talcahuano 7100, Talcahuano, Chile 4300866
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Suryana S, Mutakin, Rosandi Y, Hasanah AN. An Update on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Design through a Computational Approach to Produce Molecular Recognition Material with Enhanced Analytical Performance. Molecules 2021; 26:1891. [PMID: 33810542 PMCID: PMC8036856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) computational design is expected to become a routine technique prior to synthesis to produce polymers with high affinity and selectivity towards target molecules. Furthermore, using these simulations reduces the cost of optimizing polymerization composition. There are several computational methods used in MIP fabrication and each requires a comprehensive study in order to select a process with results that are most similar to properties exhibited by polymers synthesized through laboratory experiments. Until now, no review has linked computational strategies with experimental results, which are needed to determine the method that is most appropriate for use in designing MIP with high molecular recognition. This review will present an update of the computational approaches started from 2016 until now on quantum mechanics, molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics that have been widely used. It will also discuss the linear correlation between computational results and the polymer performance tests through laboratory experiments to examine to what extent these methods can be relied upon to obtain polymers with high molecular recognition. Based on the literature search, density functional theory (DFT) with various hybrid functions and basis sets is most often used as a theoretical method to provide a shorter MIP manufacturing process as well as good analytical performance as recognition material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shendi Suryana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (S.S.); (M.)
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Garut University, Jl. Jati No.42B, Tarogong, Garut 44151, Indonesia
| | - Mutakin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (S.S.); (M.)
| | - Yudi Rosandi
- Geophysic Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Aliya Nur Hasanah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (S.S.); (M.)
- Drug Development Study Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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