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Mo W, He H, Mo Y, Lin Y, Ye X, Huang L, Li S. Assessment of the Safety and Exopolysaccharide Synthesis Capabilities of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D189 Based on Complete Genome and Phenotype Analysis. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:342. [PMID: 39225770 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are natural macromolecular carbohydrates with good functional activity and physiological activities, which can be utilized as an emulsifier, viscosity enhancer, stabilizer, gelling agent, and water retention agent in a wide range of food products. In this study, the whole genome of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D189, an EPS-producing bacteria, was sequenced. The result showed that D189 contains a single, circular chromosome of 3,963,356 bp with an average GC content of 45.74% and 3996 coding genes. The gene annotation results showed that D189 is a potentially safe strain and confirmed to be safe associated with hemolytic assay, and antibiotic resistance test. Meanwhile, D189 genome possessed 240 genes related to carbohydrate metabolism. More importantly, D189 could transport 9 sugars and contained a complete biosynthetic pathway for 8 nucleotide sugars. Based on the validation experiments, strain D189 could metabolize 8 sugars (glucose, sucrose, trehalose, fructose, cellobiose, maltose, mannitol, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) to produce EPS, with the highest yield of 1.212 g/L when sucrose was the carbon source. Therefore, the whole genome sequencing preliminarily elucidated the physiological mechanism of EPS, providing several pathways for engineering D189 to further enhance the yield of EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Mo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hailin He
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yifei Mo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yongyi Lin
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xiaowen Ye
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Shubo Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Balasubramaniam S, Sakthivel A, Ramesh K, Manisseeri C, Ganeshan S, Subramani M, Gnanajothi K. Bioprospecting of exopolysaccharides from the endophytic fungi Epicoccum sorghinum AMFS4, for its structure, composition, bioactivities and application in seed priming. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39049511 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2380012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The endophytic fungi, Epicoccum sorghinum AMFS4 was investigated for its metabolic components and composition of bioactive exopolysaccharides (EPS). Metabolic analysis of the ethyl acetate extract majorly detected sugars derivatives such as, 4-Cholesten-3-one semicarbazone (20.9%), d-Fructose (18.96%), and α-d-Galactopyranosiduronicacid (1.71%). The growth curve and EPS yield were determined as 12.22 ± 1.02 g/L and 7.41 ± 0.32 g/L (dry weight) respectively on day 8. The deproteined EPS has been characterised with pyranose ring linked by α-glycosidic bonds, composing fructose, galactose and glucose monosaccharides validated by HPLC. Total sugar content was found to be 93.18 ± 0.81% with detection of proteins and uronate. The viscous EPS appeared filamentous under SEM observation and behaves as emulsifier with notable antioxidant properties. Priming of EPS on tomato seeds showed early induction of secondary rooting than in the control seedlings. Thus, E. sorghinum AMFS4 synthesises bioactive EPS with simple carbohydrate structure, good water absorption and significant metabolic influence on seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhanalakshmi Balasubramaniam
- Translational Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anitha Sakthivel
- Translational Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kaviraj Ramesh
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kerala, India
| | - Chithra Manisseeri
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kerala, India
| | | | - Mayavan Subramani
- Plant Molecular Genetics and Epigenomics, DE State University, Dover, Delaware, USA
| | - Kapildev Gnanajothi
- Translational Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Andrew M, Jayaraman G. Production optimization and antioxidant potential of exopolysaccharide produced by a moderately halophilic bacterium Virgibacillus dokdonensis VITP14. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38963714 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2024.2370879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to enhance the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production of Virgibacillus dokdonensis VITP14 and explore its antioxidant potential. EPS and biomass production by VITP14 strain were studied under different culture parameters and media compositions using one factor at a time method. Among different nutrient sources, glucose and peptone were identified as suitable carbon and nitrogen sources. Furthermore, the maximum EPS production was observed at 5% of inoculum size, 5 g/L of NaCl, and 96 h of fermentation. Response surface methodology was employed to augment EPS production and investigate the optimal levels of nutrient sources with their interaction. The strain was observed to produce actual maximum EPS of about 26.4 g/L for finalized optimum medium containing glucose 20 g/L, peptone 10 g/L, and NaCl 50 g/L while the predicted maximum EPS was 26.5 g/L. There was a nine fold increase in EPS production after optimization study. Additionally, EPS has exhibited significant scavenging, reducing, and chelating potential (>85%) at their higher concentration. This study imparts valuable insights into optimizing moderately halophilic bacterial EPS production and evaluating its natural antioxidant properties. According to findings, V. dokdonensis VITP14 was a promising isolate that will provide significant benefits to biopolymer producing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monic Andrew
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurunathan Jayaraman
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Noor El Deen AM, Elsehemy IA, Ahmed EH, Awad HM, Farid MAM. Optimized scleroglucan production by Athelia rolfsii and in vitro Sclg-5-fluorouracil release investigations. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132864. [PMID: 38844272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Scleroglucan is a notable member of the β-glucan microbial polysaccharides with a long tradition of industrial and therapeutic use. The local strain, previously identified as Athelia rolfsii TEMG MH 236106 produced an appreciable amount of scleroglucan using glucose as a carbon source and yeast extract as a nitrogen source. Plackett-Burman design was employed to effectively screen critical medium composition, culture, and fermentation conditions. Athelia rolfsii TEMG MH 236106 produced the maximum amount of scleroglucan (18.12 g/L) with a 45.3 % glucose conversion. Out of the eleven variables, the most effective factors showing a high level of significance are as follows: glucose, yeast extract, citric acid, inoculum disc numbers, culture volume and incubation time. An update to maximize scleroglucan production in the central composite design for four parameters (glucose and yeast extract concentrations, disc number, medium volume and incubation time) with 31 runs was applied and the production of scleroglucan reached its maximum at 31.56 g/L with 78.9 % glucose conversion. Three models of Sclg-5-fluorouracil complexes have been employed to study in vitro drug release investigations. Hence, the Sclg-5-FU (5 and 10 mg/mL) models appeared to be the most suitable for drug administration due to their concentration and distribution within capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M Noor El Deen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Islam A Elsehemy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman H Ahmed
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology group (AMNTG), Center of Excellence, Chemical Industrial Institute, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan M Awad
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M Farid
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El- Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
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Wu J, Wu Z, Pan Y, Luo D, Zhong Q. Effects of different stress conditions on the production, bioactivities, physicochemical and structural characteristics of exopolysaccharides synthetized by Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis Z171. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128675. [PMID: 38092104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This study systematically investigated the effects of stress conditions including temperature, pH, H2O2, NaCl, antibiotics on the production and in vitro cholesterol-lowering activity of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthetized by Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis Z171. Additionally, the influences of the optimal stress condition combined with different carbon sources on EPS production were examined, shedding light on the structural characteristics, physicochemical properties and bioactivities of EPSs. The results demonstrated that the EPS produced under H2O2 stress was optimal and presented excellent resistance to simulated gastric juice and α-amylase. Three main fractions, denoted as G-EPS1, F-EPS1 and S-EPS1, were isolated by cellulose DEAE-52 chromatography from crude EPSs synthetized using glucose, fructose and sucrose as carbon sources, respectively. Among them, F-EPS1 possessed the highest cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities, with the highest molecular weight 91.03 kDa, largest particle size 40.14 nm and apparent viscosity 288.2 mPa·s. Three EPSs exhibited irregular sheet-like and granular structures with good thermal stability. Structural characterization of F-EPS1a (a purified fraction from F-EPS1) revealed that it was a mannan mainly composed of →2)-α-D-Manp-(1→, →3)-α-Manp-(1→ and →2,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→ with branch chains containing α-D-Manp-(1→. F-EPS1a has more potential to be a natural cholesterol-lowering, hypoglycemic and antioxidant supplements in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Science, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yirui Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dongsheng Luo
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Qingping Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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El-Mahdy OM, Mohamed HI, El-Ansary AE. Optimizations of exopolysaccharide production by Fusarium nygamai strain AJTYC1 and its potential applications as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and emulsifier. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:345. [PMID: 37978435 PMCID: PMC10655473 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03100-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) produced by microbes are recognized as biomacromolecules of great significance. EPSs from fungi are widely used in a variety of biotechnological fields, including medicine, bioremediation, and agriculture. RESULTS In this study, ten fungal isolates were isolated from Kafir El-Dair, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt. Isolate 5 produced more exopolysaccharides than the other examined fungi. According to microscopic morphological traits and genetic confirmation by the 18S rRNA gene, isolate 5 was identified as Fusarium nygamai strain AJTYC1. The present study showed that Czapek's broth media, which contains 6 g/100 ml of sucrose, 10 g/100 ml of peptone, pH 6, and 1.8 × 105 CFU/ml of inoculum size and is incubated at 30 °C for 9 days, was suitable for the production of EPSs from Fusarium nygamai strain AJTYC1 by using static conditions. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) was employed in the characterization of EPSs, which exhibited the presence of carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, and glycosidic bonds. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected that EPSs consist of sucrose and glucose. The scavenging activity indicates that EPSs have good antioxidant activity. The partially purified exopolysaccharides produced from F. nygamai strain AJTYC1 exhibited excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against gram positive, gram negative and fungal strains. The EPSs at a dose of 1000 µg/ml exhibited anticancer activity against colorectal colon cancer (HCT116), breast cancer (MCF7), and hepatocellular cancer cell lines. Moreover, EPSs is an effective emulsifier of a variety of vegetable oils, and the emulsion it produces is generally stable for up to 168 h. CONCLUSIONS The production of EPSs from F. nygamai strain AJTYC1 can be used as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anticancer, and emulsifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omima M El-Mahdy
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 1575, Egypt
| | - Heba I Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 1575, Egypt.
| | - Abeer E El-Ansary
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Gamma St, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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7
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Fan XZ, Yao F, Yin CM, Shi DF, Gao H. Mycelial biomass and intracellular polysaccharides production, characterization, and activities in Auricularia auricula-judae cultured with different carbon sources. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125426. [PMID: 37330093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The carbon source, an essential factor for submerged culture, affects fungal polysaccharides production, structures, and activities. This study investigated the impact of carbon sources, including glucose, fructose, sucrose, and mannose, on mycelial biomass and the production, structural characterization, and bioactivities of intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) produced by submerged culture of Auricularia auricula-judae. Results showed that mycelial biomass and IPS production varied with different carbon sources, where using glucose as the carbon source produced the highest mycelial biomass (17.22 ± 0.29 g/L) and IPS (1.62 ± 0.04 g/L). Additionally, carbon sources were found to affect the molecular weight (Mw) distributions, monosaccharide compositions, structural characterization, and activities of IPSs. IPS produced with glucose as the carbon source exhibited the best in vitro antioxidant activities and had the strongest protection against alloxan-damaged islet cells. Correlation analysis revealed that Mw correlated positively with mycelial biomass (r = 0.97) and IPS yield (r = 1.00), while IPS antioxidant activities correlated positively with Mw and negatively with mannose content; the protective activity of IPS was positively related to its reducing power. These findings indicate a critical structure-function relationship for IPS and lay the foundation for utilizing liquid-fermented A. aruicula-judae mycelia and the IPS in functional food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Zhi Fan
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Chao-Min Yin
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - De-Fang Shi
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Under-forest Economy, Wuhan 430064, China.
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8
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Ahmad E, Sharma SK, Kashyap AS, Manzar N, Sahu PK, Singh UB, Singh HV, Sharma PK. Evaluation of Osmotolerant Potential of Halomonas sulfidaeris MV-19 Isolated from a Mud Volcano. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:102. [PMID: 36773109 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03202-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major challenges for cultivation of crops in a sustainable way because it severely affects plant growth and yield. Keeping this challenge in view, in the current study, a salt-tolerant Halomonas MV-19 was isolated from an extreme niche of mud volcano of Andaman Nicobar Island, India and identified on the basis of standard morphological, biochemical, and physiological tests and identified as Halomonas sulfidaeris strain MV-19 by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The bacterium can grow on nutrient agar and nutrient broth supplemented with 3.5 M (≥ 20%) sodium chloride (NaCl). Sugar utilization assay revealed that H. sulfidaeris MV-19 utilizes only three sugars (dextrose, fructose, and mannose) from among twenty four tested sugars. The best growth of H. sulfidaeris MV-19 was observed in nutrient broth supplemented with 8% NaCl. When the broth was supplemented with dextrose, fructose, and mannose, the H. sulfidaeris MV-19 grew maximally in nutrient broth supplemented with 8% NaCl and 5% fructose. This strain produced exopolysaccharides (EPS) in nutrient broth supplemented with 8% NaCl and sugars (dextrose, fructose, and mannose). The EPS production was increased by 350% (three and half time) after addition of 5% fructose in nutrient broth compare with the EPS production in nutrient broth without supplemented with sugars. H. sulfidaeris MV-19 strain can produce EPS, which can help aggregate soil particle and reduced osmotic potential in soil, thus, be useful in alleviation of salinity stress in different crops cultivated in saline soils. The findings of the current investigation are expected to contribute towards effective abiotic stress management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ees Ahmad
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Sushil K Sharma
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 493 225, India
| | - Abhijeet S Kashyap
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Nazia Manzar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Pramod K Sahu
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Udai B Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Harsh V Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India
| | - Pawan K Sharma
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, 275103, India.
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Li F, Hu X, Sun X, Li H, Lu J, Li Y, Bao M. Effect of fermentation pH on the structure, rheological properties, and antioxidant activities of exopolysaccharides produced by Alteromonas australica QD. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:773-787. [PMID: 36367683 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The pH value was essential for the growth and metabolism of microorganisms. Acidic pH exopolysaccharide (AC-EPS) and alkaline pH exopolysaccharide (AL-EPS) secreted by A. australica QD mediated by pH were studied in this paper. The total carbohydrate content and molecular weight of AC-EPS (79.59% ± 2.24% (w/w), 8.374 × 105 Da) and AL-EPS (82.48% ± 1.46% (w/w), 6.182 × 105 Da) were estimated and compared. In AC-EPS, mannose (3.78%) and galactose (3.24%) content was more, while the proportion of glucuronic acid was less in comparison to AL-EPS. The scanning electron microscopy revealed the structural differences among the AC-EPS and AL-EPS. Thermogravimetric analysis showed degradation temperatures of 272.8 °C and 244.9 °C for AC-EPS and AL-EPS, respectively. AC-EPS was found to exhibit better rheological properties and emulsifying capabilities, while AL-EPS had superior antioxidant activities. Overall, both AC-EPS and AL-EPS have the potential to be used as emulsifiers and biological antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengshu Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.,College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.,College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xiaojun Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.,College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Haoshuai Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.,College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jinren Lu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.,College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Mutai Bao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China. .,College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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10
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Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Analysis of Sclerotium rolfsii Fermented with Differential Carbon Sources. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223706. [PMID: 36429298 PMCID: PMC9689419 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroglucan is obtained from Sclerotium rolfsii and is widely used in many fields. In this study, transcriptomics combined with metabolomics were used to study the global metabolites and gene changes. The results of the joint analysis showed that the DEGs (differentially expressed genes) and DEMs (differentially expressed metabolites) of SEPS_48 (fermented with sucrose as a carbon source for 48 h) and GEPS_48 (fermented with glucose as a carbon source for 48 h) comparison groups were mainly related to cell metabolism, focusing on carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and amino sugar and nucleoside sugar metabolism. We therefore hypothesized that the significant differences in these metabolic processes were responsible for the differences in properties. Moreover, the joint analysis provides a scientific theoretical basis for fungal polysaccharides biosynthesis and provides new insights into the effects of carbon sources on the production. As an excellent bioenergy and biological product, scleroglucan can be better applied in different fields, such as the food industry.
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11
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Hamidi M, Okoro OV, Milan PB, Khalili MR, Samadian H, Nie L, Shavandi A. Fungal exopolysaccharides: Properties, sources, modifications, and biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 284:119152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Zeng W, Wang J, Shan X, Yu S, Zhou J. Efficient Production of Scleroglucan by Sclerotium rolfsii and Insights Into Molecular Weight Modification by High-Pressure Homogenization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:748213. [PMID: 34540818 PMCID: PMC8448344 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.748213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroglucan is a non-ionic water-soluble polysaccharide, and has been widely used in the petroleum, food, medicine and cosmetics industries. Currently, scleroglucan is mainly produced by Sclerotium rolfsii. A higher level of scleroglucan (42.0 g/L) was previously obtained with S. rolfsii WSH-G01. However, the production of scleroglucan was reduced despite a higher glucose concentration remaining. Additionally, the molecular weight of scleroglucan was large, thus restricted its application. In this study, by adjusting the state of seeds inoculated, the degradation issue of scleroglucan during the fermentation process was solved. By comparing different fed-batch strategies, 66.6 g/L of scleroglucan was harvested by a two-dose fed-batch mode, with 53.3% glucose conversion ratio. To modify the molecular weight of scleroglucan, a combination method with HCl and high-pressure homogenization treatment was established. Finally, scleroglucan with molecular weight of 4.61 × 105 Da was obtained. The developed approaches provide references for the biosynthesis and molecular weight modification of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhu Zeng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shiqin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Jiangsu Provisional Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Xie S, Song J, Fan B, Li X, Li Y, Mou F, Zheng Y, Wang M. Elucidation and Regulation of Polyphenols in the Smoking Process of Shanxi Aged Vinegar. Foods 2021; 10:1518. [PMID: 34359388 PMCID: PMC8305182 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols (PPs) are the main contributors to the health functions of Shanxi aged vinegar (SAV) and are mainly produced during the smoking process. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of regulating the accumulation of total water-soluble PPs (TWSP) by changing environmental factors based on the distribution of PPs. A total of eleven PPs, such as vanillin, vanillic acid, and (e)-ferulic acid, were detected during the smoking process. During the smoking process, the content of TWSP gradually increased and was accompanied by changes in environmental factors. Spearman correlation analysis and verification experiments showed that temperature, amino acids, and reducing sugars, as the main influencing factors, promoted the accumulation of TWSP. The in situ regulation strategy of changing environmental factors significantly increased the accumulation of TWSP by 12.24%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (S.X.); (J.S.); (B.F.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (F.M.); (Y.Z.)
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