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Baloyi RB, Sithole BB, Chunilall V. Physicochemical Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals Extracted from Postconsumer Polyester/Cotton-Blended Fabrics and Their Effects on PVA Composite Films. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1495. [PMID: 38891442 PMCID: PMC11174633 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilisation of cotton waste as precursors in the synthesis of nanocrystalline cellulose has gained significant attention. This approach suggests a sustainable solution to address the growing concern of textile waste accumulation while simultaneously producing a valuable material. The main aim of this study is to examine the properties of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) obtained from postconsumer polyester-cotton waste and assess the effect of different fabric structures on the extraction and these properties. To acquire nanocellulose, a thorough decolourisation pretreatment process was utilised, which involved the treatment of polyester-cotton waste with sodium dithionite and hydrogen peroxide. Consequently, the postconsumer material was then treated with an acid hydrolysis method employing a 64% (v/v) sulphuric acid solution at 50 °C for 75 min, resulting in the formation of CNCs with average yield percentages ranging from 38.1% to 69.9%. Separation of the acid from the CNC was facilitated by a centrifugation process followed by dialysis against deionised water. Uniform dispersion was then achieved using ultrasonication. A variety of analytical techniques were employed to investigate the morphological, chemical, thermal, and physical properties of the isolated CNCs. Among these techniques, attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were utilised to analyse the CNCs. The findings indicated that the separated CNCs exhibited a rod-shaped morphology, measuring between 78 and 358 nm in length and 5 and 16 nm in diameter, and also exhibited high crystallinity (75-89%) and good thermal stability. The extracted CNCs were mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerol to assess their reinforcing effect on plastic films. The prepared composite film exhibited improved mechanical properties and thermal stability. Incorporating CNCs led to a 31.9% increase in the tensile strength and a 42.33% rise in the modulus of elasticity. The results from this research proved that CNCs can be extracted from postconsumer mixed fabrics as a potential solution to effectively address the mounting concerns surrounding waste management in the textile industry and also provide avenues for enhancing the qualities of eco-friendly composite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivalani Baloyi Baloyi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (B.B.S.); (V.C.)
- Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Bruce Bishop Sithole
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (B.B.S.); (V.C.)
| | - Viren Chunilall
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (B.B.S.); (V.C.)
- Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban 4000, South Africa
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2
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Zhang B, Guo B, Wang S, Liu C, Cheng L, Wang J. A Soy Protein-Based Film Based on Chemical Treatment and Microcrystalline Cellulose Reinforcement Obtained from Corn Husk Byproducts. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:15845-15853. [PMID: 38617662 PMCID: PMC11007789 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Developing an environmentally friendly soy protein-based film that offers excellent performance has garnered considerable interest while also posing a significant challenge. Herein, we propose the strategy of covalent and noncovalent cross-linking to improve the mechanical properties of the films. First, chemical denaturation was carried out under the combined action of sodium sulfite, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium hydroxide, and urea to reshape the structure of the protein to improve the solubility of protein and release active groups. Then, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) derived from low-cost agro-industrial byproducts (corn husk) was employed to balance the covalent cross-linking reaction between proteins and the noncovalent reaction between MCC and protein. The results indicate that the structure and properties of the soy protein-based films were modified and improved through chemical treatment in conjunction with biomass enhancement. It is concluded that the addition of 1% MCC improves the tensile strength, elastic modulus, water solubility, and water vapor permeability of "MCC-1%" by 64.7, 75.9, 22.7, and 12.9%, respectively. Additionally, the resulting film of "MCC-1%" exhibits better resistance to thermal degradation and improved thermo-stability. However, the elongation at break decreased by increasing the addition of MCC. Thus, this work may provide a simple and affordable approach to preparing a high-performing soy protein-based film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghan Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze
University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
| | - Baicheng Guo
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze
University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
| | - Shihan Wang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze
University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
| | - Can Liu
- Yunnan
Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze
University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
| | - Jinguo Wang
- Heze
Forestry Administration, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
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3
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Singhal S, Agarwal S, Singhal N. Chemical recycling of waste clothes: a smarter approach to sustainable development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54448-54469. [PMID: 36973625 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Amount of fabric waste has increased many folds in the past few years due to increasing population and rapidly changing fashiosn trends. Its larger portion being dumped in the landfills is creating a lot of problem in its management. This is causing problems to environmental components of earth, viz., air, water, and land. Chemically, cotton-based fabrics are made up of mainly cellulose with small components of other chemicals and contribute to a big segment of overall textiles. Along with donating the cloths for various purposes, scientific solutions are also feasible for valorizing waste fabrics to value-added products. This review article focuses on important strategies for addressing fabric waste for their possible conversion to significant products of varied applications. It emphasizes on chemical routes suitable for this purpose for producing cellulose, sugar, composites, etc. This will provide an insight to the readers for understanding the chemical significance of waste fabric and exploring the best possible ways for its efficient management, ensuring a step ahead towards sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailey Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India.
| | - Naveen Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, DIT University, Dehradun, 248009, Uttarakhand, India
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4
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Huang S, Zou S, Wang Y. Construction of compostable packaging with antibacterial property and improved performance using sprayed coatings of modified cellulose nanocrystals. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 305:120539. [PMID: 36737191 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Increasing concerns about food safety and the environment have facilitated the development of eco-friendly antibacterial packaging. This study aimed to demonstrate a facile way to fabricate active packaging materials with modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and compare the effects of different modified CNCs on the performance of compostable materials. Polylactic acid (PLA) film was selected as a model, and CNCs were modified with methacrylamide, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and zinc oxide, respectively, and then applied on the surface of PLA films by spray-coating. All modified CNCs showed excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli (>99.999 %). The effects of different CNC modifications on the performance of PLA films were investigated. Compared to neat PLA films, PLA/CNC films exhibited improved mechanical strength with maintained flexibility, lower gas permeability, and faster compost disintegration rate, and extended the shelf life of wrapped pork samples from 3 days to >10 days. Therefore, this work will also facilitate the applications of PLA materials in eco-friendly packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Huang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Sheng Zou
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada.
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5
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Khan MJ, Karim Z, Charnnok B, Poonsawat T, Posoknistakul P, Laosiripojana N, Wu KCW, Sakdaronnarong C. Fabrication and Characterization of Functional Biobased Membranes from Postconsumer Cotton Fabrics and Palm Waste for the Removal of Dyes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076030. [PMID: 37047002 PMCID: PMC10094564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Textile industries currently face vast challenges for the active removal of colored wastewater. Indeed, sustainable, recyclable, and green approaches are still lacking to achieve this aim. Thus, the present study explored the utilization of highly functional, green, recyclable, fully bio-based, and cost-effective composite membranes from post-consumer cotton fabrics and palm waste for wastewater treatment purposes. Highly functional cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were produced from waste cotton fabrics and filter paper using an acid hydrolysis technique. The yield of nanofibers extracted from waste cotton fabrics and filter paper was 76.74 and 54.50%, respectively. The physical, chemical, and structural properties of nanofibers were studied using various advanced analytical techniques. The properties of isolated nanofibers were almost similar and comparable to those of commercial nanofibers. The surface charge densities were -94.0, -80.7, and -90.6 mV for the nanofibers of palm waste, cotton fibers, and filter paper, respectively. After membrane fabrication using vacuum and hot-pressing techniques, the characteristics of the membrane were analyzed. The results showed that the average pore size of the palm-waste membrane was 1.185 nm, while it was 1.875 nm for membrane from waste cotton fibers and filter paper. Congo red and methylene blue dyes were used as model solutions to understand the behavior of available functional groups and the surface ζ-potential of the membrane frameworks' interaction. The membrane made from palm waste had the highest dye removal efficiency, and it was 23% for Congo red and 44% for methylene blue. This study provides insights into the challenges associated with the use of postconsumer textile and agricultural waste, which can be potentially used in high-performance liquid filtration devices for a more sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Jahir Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Zoheb Karim
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, SE-89122 Örnsköldsvik, Sweden
| | - Boonya Charnnok
- Department of Specialized Engineering, Energy Technology Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla 90110, Thailand
| | - Thiprada Poonsawat
- Department of Science and Bioinnovation, Department of Science, Faculty of Liberal Art and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Pattaraporn Posoknistakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Navadol Laosiripojana
- The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Road, Bang Mot, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Kevin C-W Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU-MST), Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li District, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
- Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chularat Sakdaronnarong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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6
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Muralidharan V, Gochhayat S, Palanivel S, Madhan B. Influence of preparation techniques of cellulose II nanocrystals as reinforcement for tannery solid waste-based gelatin composite films. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:14284-14303. [PMID: 36152092 PMCID: PMC9510280 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23058-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tannery waste-based gelatin composite film reinforced with cellulose II nanocrystal (CNC II) extracted from wet wipes using three different hydrolysis techniques is explored for its functional properties and possible utilization as a biodegradable packaging material. CNC II isolated using hydrogen peroxide (PCNC), citric acid (CCNC), and hydrochloric acid (HCNC) differed in morphological and crystalline character as investigated using DLS, FE-SEM, FTIR, and XRD analysis. The crystallinity of PCNC, CCNC, and HCNC was found to be 81.1%, 75.4%, and 86.1%, respectively. The highly crystalline CNC II (PCNC) incorporation improved mechanical stiffness of rawhide trimming waste-based gelatin films by 50% compared to control gelatin film. Maximum thermal decomposition with Tmax of 329 °C was obtained for gelatin films with PCNC nano-reinforcement. Films with CNC II were structurally stable and sufficiently antibacterial against Gram-positive S. aureus microbial strain. Strong interfacial non-covalent and hydrogen bonding interactions between gelatin and cellulose II nanocrystal have likely enhanced the properties of the composite films. Incorporation of CNC II reduced the surface wettability of the films and nanocomposites absorbed UV radiation as evidenced by transmittance value T280 of 0.19%. Nanocomposite films degraded up to 79.9% of initial mass within 7 days of soil burial. Furthermore, based on the optimized system, single-use packaging application of eggplant seeds has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimudha Muralidharan
- Centre for Academic and Research Excellence (CARE), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 020, India
- Department of Leather Technology, A C Tech (Housed at CSIR-CLRI), Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 025, India
| | - Saiprasad Gochhayat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500 078, India
| | - Saravanan Palanivel
- Department of Leather Technology, A C Tech (Housed at CSIR-CLRI), Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 025, India
- Leather Process Technology Department, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 020, India
| | - Balaraman Madhan
- Centre for Academic and Research Excellence (CARE), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 020, India.
- Department of Leather Technology, A C Tech (Housed at CSIR-CLRI), Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 025, India.
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7
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Mishra PK, Izrayeel AMD, Mahur BK, Ahuja A, Rastogi VK. A comprehensive review on textile waste valorization techniques and their applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:65962-65977. [PMID: 35902525 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An increase in population compels the textile industry to expand production to fulfill the apparel requirement, resulting in huge textile waste. These wastes are managed either by landfilling or incineration processes, which negatively contribute to the environment. Converting waste into value-added products is essential to reducing environmental pollution and thereby achieving a circular economy through proper waste management practices. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of different categories and forms of textile waste, their source of generation, the reusing capability of the textile industry, other valorization potentials in different fields, and various challenges associated with their valorization practices. This review presents textile wastes as the raw material source for preparing different value-added products such as in manufacturing textiles, packaging materials, plastics, composites, construction applications, energy generation, chemical additives, composting, and several other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Kumar Mishra
- Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | | | - Bhupender Kumar Mahur
- Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Arihant Ahuja
- Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Vibhore Kumar Rastogi
- Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
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8
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Jafarzadeh S, Forough M, Amjadi S, Javan Kouzegaran V, Almasi H, Garavand F, Zargar M. Plant protein-based nanocomposite films: A review on the used nanomaterials, characteristics, and food packaging applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9667-9693. [PMID: 35522084 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2070721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Consumer demands to utilize environmentally friendly packaging have led researchers to develop packaging materials from naturally derived resources. In recent years, plant protein-based films as a replacement for synthetic plastics have attracted the attention of the global food packaging industry due to their biodegradability and unique properties. Biopolymer-based films need a filler to show improved packaging properties. One of the latest strategies introduced to food packaging technology is the production of nanocomposite films which are multiphase materials containing a filler with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. This review provides the recent findings on plant-based protein films as biodegradable materials that can be combined with nanoparticles that are applicable to food packaging. Moreover, it investigates the characterization of nanocomposite plant-based protein films/edible coatings. It also briefly describes the application of plant-based protein nanocomposite films/coating on fruits/vegetables, meat and seafood products, and some other foods. The results indicate that the functional performance, barrier, mechanical, optical, thermal and antimicrobial properties of plant protein-based materials can be extended by incorporating nanomaterials. Recent reports provide a better understanding of how incorporating nanomaterials into plant protein-based biopolymers leads to an increase in the shelf life of food products during storage time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Jafarzadeh
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mehrdad Forough
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sajed Amjadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Almasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farhad Garavand
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Masoumeh Zargar
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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9
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Zhang Y, Wang Y. Electrospun Cellulose-Acetate/Chitosan Fibers for Humic-Acid Removal: Improved Efficiency and Robustness with a Core-Sheath Design. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081284. [PMID: 35457992 PMCID: PMC9026307 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recycling biomass waste into functional materials has attracted much attention, and a rational structural design can make more effective use of each component. In our previous work, the fabrication of electrospun cellulose-acetate (CA)/chitosan (CS) adsorbents for humic-acid (HA) removal guided by the intermolecular interaction mechanism was demonstrated. Herein, a core-sheath structure was designed via one-step co-axial electrospinning, where a mixture of CS and CA was employed as the sheath layer to efficiently adsorb HA, and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) derived from waste cotton fabrics were incorporated into the CA core as load-bearing components. Compared to the non-layered electrospun CS/CA fibers, all the CS/CA–CNC fibers with a core-sheath structure exhibited smaller diameters, greater homogeneity, and significantly improved mechanical strength. Meanwhile, their maximum adsorption capacities towards HA had no significant differences. Even after the complete hydrolysis of CA into cellulose, the electrospun fibers maintained the fibrous structures and showed a higher tensile strength while exhibiting an acceptable adsorption capacity towards HA. Therefore, this work demonstrates the importance of rational design in the efficient preparation of functional materials and the feasibility of using electrospun core-sheath fibers derived from biomass wastes for the removal of water contaminants.
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10
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Yeo HJ, Adedeji OE, Kang MD, Park HS, Shin M, Kim DH, Jung YH. Tracing characteristic variations of cellulose nanocrystals during the post-synthesis purification process. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Weng S, Sáez-Orviz S, Marcet I, Rendueles M, Díaz M. Novel Bovine Plasma Protein Film Reinforced with Nanofibrillated Cellulose Fiber as Edible Food Packaging Material. MEMBRANES 2021; 12:membranes12010031. [PMID: 35054557 PMCID: PMC8781310 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Proteins, such as those in blood from slaughterhouses, are a good option for developing edible films. However, films made exclusively from proteins have low strength and high water solubility, which makes them difficult to use in the food industry. The use of cellulosic material, such as nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), can improve the properties of these films. In the present work, bovine plasma was acidified and treated with ethanol to precipitate its proteins, and these proteins were used to prepare films reinforced with several concentrations of NFC. In addition, control films prepared with untreated bovine plasma and reinforced with NFC were prepared as well. These new edible films were characterized according to their mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, light transmittance, and microstructure. Furthermore, the film with the best properties was selected to be additivated with nisin to test its antimicrobial properties by wrapping meat previously contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. In this sense, films prepared with the extracted proteins showed better properties than the films prepared with untreated plasma. In addition, the results showed that the reinforcement of the films with a 10% (w/w) of NFC decreased their water solubility and improved their puncture strength and water vapor barrier properties. Finally, the addition of nisin to the films prepared with extracted protein from bovine plasma and NFC gave them antimicrobial properties against S. aureus.
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12
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Rojas-Lema S, Nilsson K, Trifol J, Langton M, Gomez-Caturla J, Balart R, Garcia-Garcia D, Moriana R. “Faba bean protein films reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals as edible food packaging material”. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Long W, Ouyang H, Hu X, Liu M, Zhang X, Feng Y, Wei Y. State-of-art review on preparation, surface functionalization and biomedical applications of cellulose nanocrystals-based materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:591-615. [PMID: 34271046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are a class of sustainable nanomaterials that are obtained from plants and microorganisms. These naturally derived nanomaterials are of abundant hydroxyl groups, well biocompatibility, low cost and biodegradable potential, making them suitable and promising candidates for various applications, especially in biomedical fields. In this review, the recent advances and development on the preparation, surface functionalization and biomedical applications of CNCs-based materials have been summarized and outlined. The main context of this paper could be divided into the following three parts. In the first part, the preparation strategies based on physical, chemical, enzymatic and combination techniques for preparation of CNCs have been summarized. The surface functionalization methods for synthesis CNCs-based materials with designed properties and functions were outlined in the following section. Finally, the current state about applications of CNCs-based materials for tissue engineering, medical hydrogels, biosensors, fluorescent imaging and intracellular delivery of biological agents have been highlighted. Moreover, current issues and future directions about the above aspects have also pointed out and discussed. We believe this review will attract great research attention of scientists from materials, chemistry, biomedicine and other disciplines. It will also provide some important insights on the future development of CNCs-based materials especially in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Long
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Meiying Liu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Yulin Feng
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Yen Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polyer Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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14
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Zhou C, Wang Y. Recycling of waste cotton fabrics into regenerated cellulose films through three solvent systems: A comparison study. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry McGill University Ste Anne de Bellevue Canada
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry McGill University Ste Anne de Bellevue Canada
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15
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Sudheesh C, Sunooj KV, Jamsheer V, Sabu S, Sasidharan A, Aaliya B, Navaf M, Akhila PP, George J. Development of Bioplastic Films from γ − Irradiated Kithul (
Caryota uren
s) Starch; Morphological, Crystalline, Barrier, and Mechanical Characterization. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cherakkathodi Sudheesh
- Department of Food Science and Technology Pondicherry University Puducherry 605014 India
| | | | - Vattaparambil Jamsheer
- Department of Food Science and Technology Pondicherry University Puducherry 605014 India
| | - Sarasan Sabu
- School of Industrial Fisheries Cochin University of Science and Technology Kochi Kerala 682016 India
| | - Abhilash Sasidharan
- Department of Fish Process and Technology Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Kochi Kerala 682506 India
| | - Basheer Aaliya
- Department of Food Science and Technology Pondicherry University Puducherry 605014 India
| | - Muhammed Navaf
- Department of Food Science and Technology Pondicherry University Puducherry 605014 India
| | | | - Johnsy George
- Food Engineering and Packaging Division Defence Food Research Laboratory Mysore Karnataka 570011 India
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16
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Stanescu MD. State of the art of post-consumer textile waste upcycling to reach the zero waste milestone. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:14253-14270. [PMID: 33515405 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12416-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The textile industry is a large source of pollution due to the production of raw materials (natural and synthetic fibers), preparation and finishing processes, as well as due to textile waste, especially the post-consumer waste. This paper is an attempt to change the perception concerning such waste. In the context of circular economy, textile waste has to be conceived as a source for carbon and energy. A new attitude is compulsory due to the increase of post-consumer waste quantity since the volume of textile consumption has lately increased. Fast fashion cycle and cheaper textile products having a shorter lifetime led to an increase of the quantity of post-consumer textile waste. Demands for pollution reduction generated the concern to upcycle the textile waste in order to recover, at least partially, the materials as well as the energy consumed for their manufacture, reducing accordingly the carbon and water footprints of these products,. The scarcity of raw materials and of fossil fuels, the high environmental impact of the simple disposal of waste, imposed a new policy regarding the transformation of the linear economy which characterizes today's textile industry into a circular one, leading to a lower environmental impact. This involves the valorization of post-consumer waste by recycling or at least by a partial recovery of the materials and energy spent for the manufacture of these products. A good management of post-consumer textile waste is mandatory for attaining a zero waste target. Some good practices in the field are presented by this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Dina Stanescu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Aurel Vlaicu University, Elena Dragoi str. 2-4, 310330, Arad, Romania.
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17
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Mohamed SH, Hossain MS, Mohamad Kassim MH, Ahmad MI, Omar FM, Balakrishnan V, Zulkifli M, Yahaya ANA. Recycling Waste Cotton Cloths for the Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Sustainable Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040626. [PMID: 33669623 PMCID: PMC7922772 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an interest in the sustainable utilization of waste cotton cloths because of their enormous volume of generation and high cellulose content. Waste cotton cloths generated are disposed of in a landfill, which causes environmental pollution and leads to the waste of useful resources. In the present study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were isolated from waste cotton cloths collected from a landfill. The waste cotton cloths collected from the landfill were sterilized and cleaned using supercritical CO2 (scCO2) technology. The cellulose was extracted from scCO2-treated waste cotton cloths using alkaline pulping and bleaching processes. Subsequently, the CNCs were isolated using the H2SO4 hydrolysis of cellulose. The isolated CNCs were analyzed to determine the morphological, chemical, thermal, and physical properties with various analytical methods, including attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the isolated CNCs had a needle-like structure with a length and diameter of 10–30 and 2–6 nm, respectively, and an aspect ratio of 5–15, respectively. Additionally, the isolated CNCs had a high crystallinity index with a good thermal stability. The findings of the present study revealed the potential of recycling waste cotton cloths to produce a value-added product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hajar Mohamed
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (S.H.M.); (M.H.M.K.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Md. Sohrab Hossain
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (S.H.M.); (M.H.M.K.); (M.I.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (A.N.A.Y.); Tel.: +60-46535206 (M.S.H.); +60-65512146 (A.N.A.Y.); Fax: +60-46533678 (M.S.H.); +60-65512001 (A.N.A.Y.)
| | | | - Mardiana Idayu Ahmad
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (S.H.M.); (M.H.M.K.); (M.I.A.)
| | - Fatehah Mohd Omar
- School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 14300, Malaysia;
| | - Venugopal Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
| | - Muzafar Zulkifli
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology (UniKL-MICET), Melaka 78000, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Malaysian Institute of Chemical & Bioengineering Technology (UniKL-MICET), Melaka 78000, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.H.); (A.N.A.Y.); Tel.: +60-46535206 (M.S.H.); +60-65512146 (A.N.A.Y.); Fax: +60-46533678 (M.S.H.); +60-65512001 (A.N.A.Y.)
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18
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Shao H, Zhao Y, Sun H, Yang B, Fan B, Zhang H, Weng Y. Barrier Film of Etherified Hemicellulose from Single-Step Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2199. [PMID: 32992935 PMCID: PMC7599748 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemicellulose with good biodegradability and low oxygen permeability shows great potential in food packaging. However, its strong hydrophilicity leads to its poor moisture resistance, which hinders its wider application. In this paper, a near-hydrophobic hemicellulose was obtained by using single-step synthesis from poplar powder via etherification modification with epoxy chloropropane. This proposed approach has the advantage of avoiding the destruction of hemicellulose structure by secondary alkali-hydrolysis, which was what usually occurred in traditional etherification procedures. The feasibility of using epoxy chloropropane as an alkylation reagent to etherify hemicellulose was confirmed, and the reaction mechanism was elucidated. Contact angle test, thermogravimetric analysis, oxygen transmittance test, and infrared spectrum analysis showed that the barrier property and thermal stability of etherified hemicellulose films have been significantly improved. At an epoxy chloropropane/wood powder ratio (volume/weight) of 2/3 (mL/g), the epoxy hemicellulose films contained the most epoxy groups and displayed the best performance, i.e., tensile strength of 14.6 MPa, surface contact angle of 71.7° and oxygen transmission coefficient of 1.9 (cm3·µm)/(m2·d·kPa), showing great promise as barrier film in food-packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.F.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuelong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.F.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.F.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Biao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.F.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Baomin Fan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.F.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.F.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.F.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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19
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Zhao Y, Sun H, Yang B, Weng Y. Hemicellulose-Based Film: Potential Green Films for Food Packaging. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1775. [PMID: 32784786 PMCID: PMC7465936 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally increasing environmental awareness and the possibility of increasing price and dwindling supply of traditional petroleum-based plastics have led to a breadth of research currently addressing environmentally friendly bioplastics as an alternative solution. In this context, hemicellulose, as the second richest polysaccharide, has attracted extensive attention due to its combination of such advantages as abundance, biodegradability, and renewability. Herein, in this review, the latest research progress in development of hemicellulose film with regard to application in the field of food packaging is presented with particular emphasis on various physical and chemical modification approaches aimed at performance improvement, primarily for enhancement of mechanical, barrier properties, and hydrophobicity that are essential to food packing materials. The development highlights of hemicellulose film substrate are outlined and research prospects in the field are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (B.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (B.Y.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Biao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (B.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yunxuan Weng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (Y.Z.); (B.Y.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation Technology for Hygiene and Safety of Plastics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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