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Hegde V, Uthappa UT, Mane P, Ji SM, Suneetha M, Wang B, Altalhi T, Subrahmanya TM, Kurkuri MD. Design of low-cost natural casein biopolymer based adsorbent for efficient adsorption of multiple anionic dyes and diclofenac sodium from aqueous solutions. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141571. [PMID: 38423148 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of various organic pollutants from industrial wastewater using bio-based materials has gained significant attention owing to their excellent properties such as low-cost, eco-friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradability. In this perspective, casein (Cn), a protein-based biopolymer, was extracted from the cow milk as a low-cost adsorbent, and the adsorption performances were determined for the pristine Cn. The adsorbent was employed for the removal of two different classes of targeted pollutant anionic dyes such as Congo red (CR), Eriochrome Black T (EBT), Eosin Y (EY), and pharmaceutical waste i.e., diclofenac sodium (DS) and displayed better adsorption performances with the maximum adsorption capacity of 85.54, 31.72, 70.42 and 358.42 mg g-1 respectively. The interactions between Cn and pollutants are mainly ascribed to the electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction, and π-π interactions. Furthermore, to validate with realistic application the adsorbent proved with an excellent removal efficiency of 91.43% for fabric whitener i.e., Ujala Supreme®. These obtained results suggest that the Cn could be the potential adsorbent to effectively eliminate toxic pollutants from the aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Hegde
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bengaluru-562112, Karnataka, India
| | - U T Uthappa
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - PadmajaV Mane
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bengaluru-562112, Karnataka, India
| | - Seong Min Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Maduru Suneetha
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280, Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ben Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Tariq Altalhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - T M Subrahmanya
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Mahaveer D Kurkuri
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Bengaluru-562112, Karnataka, India.
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Ali I, Kim NK, Bhattacharyya D. Effects of Graphene Nanoplatelets on Mechanical and Fire Performance of Flax Polypropylene Composites with Intumescent Flame Retardant. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134094. [PMID: 34279433 PMCID: PMC8271726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) additives in natural fiber-based polymer composites enhances the fire-retardant properties, but it generally has a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties, such as tensile and flexural strengths. In this work, the feasibility of graphene as a reinforcement additive and as an effective synergist for IFR-based flax-polypropylene (PP) composites was investigated. Noticeable improvements in tensile and flexural properties were achieved with the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) in the composites. Furthermore, better char-forming ability of GNP in combination with IFR was observed, suppressing HRR curves and thus, lowering the total heat release (THR). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) detected a reduction in the decomposition rate due to strong interfacial bonding between GNP and PP, whereas the maximum decomposition rate was observed to occur at a higher temperature. The saturation point for the IFR additive along with GNP has also been highlighted in this study. A safe and effective method of graphene encapsulation within PP using the fume-hood set-up was achieved. Finally, the effect of flame retardant on the flax–PP composite has been simulated using Fire Dynamics Simulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-272-074-878
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