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Silva ACQ, Mendes M, Vitorino C, Montejo U, Alonso-Varona A, Silvestre AJD, Vilela C, Freire CSR. Trilayered nanocellulose-based patches loaded with acyclovir and hyaluronic acid for the treatment of herpetic lesions. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133843. [PMID: 39032882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study focuses on the preparation of layered bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) patches for drug delivery and wound healing in the context of herpes labialis. Nanostructured patches were prepared by selective aqueous diffusion of acyclovir (ACV, antiviral drug), hyaluronic acid (HA, skin healing promoter), and glycerol (GLY, plasticizer and humectant) in the BNC network, followed by assembly into trilayered patches with ACV on the central layer of the patch (ACVT) or divided between two layers (ACVH), to modulate drug release. Both patches showed good layers' adhesion and thermal stability (125 °C), UV barrier properties, good static (Young's modulus up to 0.9 GPa (dry) and 0.7 GPa (wet)) and dynamic mechanical performance, and adhesion strength (21 kPa) comparable to or higher than other materials and commercial adhesives for wound healing. In vitro drug dissolution showed faster ACV release from the ACVH patch (77 ± 5 %, 10 min) than from the ACVT one (50 ± 7 %), suggesting efficient drug delivery. ACVH closely resembled a commercial cream formulation in terms of release and permeation profiles. The patches were non-cytotoxic toward L929 fibroblasts, promoting cell adhesion and wound closure (in vitro). These results underscore the dual-action potential of the layered patches for managing herpetic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Q Silva
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Mendes
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences - IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Vitorino
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences - IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Unai Montejo
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso-Varona
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - Armando J D Silvestre
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Vilela
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carmen S R Freire
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Hassan AAA, Kristó K, Ibrahim YHEY, Regdon G, Sovány T. Quality by Design-Guided Systematic Development and Optimization of Mucoadhesive Buccal Films. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2375. [PMID: 37896135 PMCID: PMC10610159 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucoadhesive buccal films have found increased popularity in pharmaceutical drug delivery due to the several advantages that they possess. The present study strives to develop and optimize chitosan-based mucoadhesive buccal films by relying on quality-by-design (QbD) principles. Previous knowledge and experience were employed to firstly identify the critical quality attributes (CQAs), followed by a thorough risk assessment, which led to the selection of seven critical material attributes and process parameters, namely, the polymer grade and concentration, the plasticizer type and concentration, the citric acid (CA) concentration, the amount of the casted solution, and the drying condition. Their effects on the breaking hardness and mucoadhesivity, selected as CQAs, were investigated in three steps by three designs of the experiment (DoE). The medium molecular weight of chitosan (CH) was the preferred choice in the optimized formulation, and its concentration was the most important factor affecting the CQAs, thickness, and moisture content of the films. It was found that 0.364 g/cm2 was the suitable amount of the casting solution, and its optimum drying conditions were presented in the form of a design space. Glycerol (Gly) was the best choice as a plasticizer, and a design space representing several combinations of CH and CA concentrations that produce films with the required quality was constructed at a fixed concentration of 35% Gly. A formula from this design space was selected and employed to load with two model drugs to test its drug-carrying properties for drugs with different physicochemical characteristics. Uniform drug distribution with an immediate release profile was achieved in both drugs, although one of the CQAs was outside of the specifications in the case of lidocaine-containing film. To summarize, the obtention of the optimum mucoadhesive buccal film based on CH was efficiently facilitated by the rational application of QbD principles and the DoE approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alharith A. A. Hassan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.A.A.H.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum P.O. Box 321, Sudan
| | - Katalin Kristó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.A.A.H.)
| | - Yousif H.-E. Y. Ibrahim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.A.A.H.)
- Pharmaceutics Department, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman P.O. Box 382, Sudan
| | - Géza Regdon
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.A.A.H.)
| | - Tamás Sovány
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (A.A.A.H.)
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Kobryń J, Raszewski B, Zięba T, Musiał W. Modified Potato Starch as a Potential Retardant for Prolonged Release of Lidocaine Hydrochloride from Methylcellulose Hydrophilic Gel. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020387. [PMID: 36839709 PMCID: PMC9966901 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The problem of drug delivery often concentrates on the prolongation of drug activity. Application of natural polymers which are biodegradable and inexpensive is in the interest of many researchers. The aim of this study was the application of newly synthesized starch derivatives as potential functional excipients proposed for hydrophilic gel with lidocaine hydrochloride (LH) to prolong drug release from the hydrogel matrix. In our study, we investigated the effect of starch modified with citric acid on the release kinetics of LH using UV-VIS and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as viscosity and pH measurements. We demonstrated the effectiveness of citric-acid-modified starch in prolonging the release of LH from methylcellulose gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kobryń
- Department and Chair of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bartosz Raszewski
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zięba
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Witold Musiał
- Department and Chair of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Dubashynskaya NV, Skorik YA. Patches as Polymeric Systems for Improved Delivery of Topical Corticosteroids: Advances and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12980. [PMID: 36361769 PMCID: PMC9657685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucoadhesive polymer patches are a promising alternative for prolonged and controlled delivery of topical corticosteroids (CS) to improve their biopharmaceutical properties (mainly increasing local bioavailability and reducing systemic toxicity). The main biopharmaceutical advantages of patches compared to traditional oral dosage forms are their excellent bioadhesive properties and their increased drug residence time, modified and unidirectional drug release, improved local bioavailability and safety profile, additional pain receptor protection, and patient friendliness. This review describes the main approaches that can be used for the pharmaceutical R&D of oromucosal patches with improved physicochemical, mechanical, and pharmacological properties. The review mainly focuses on ways to increase the bioadhesion of oromucosal patches and to modify drug release, as well as ways to improve local bioavailability and safety by developing unidirectional -release poly-layer patches. Various techniques for obtaining patches and their influence on the structure and properties of the resulting dosage forms are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yury A. Skorik
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. V.O. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
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