1
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Mah JJQ, Li K, Feng H, Surat'man NEB, Li B, Yu X, Zhang M, Wang S, Li Z. Ultrafast Self-Healing Elastomer with Closed-Loop Recyclability. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400143. [PMID: 38709124 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The loss of function after prolonged periods of use is inevitable for all materials including plastics. Hence, self-healing capabilities are a key development to prolong the service lifetime of materials. One of such self-healing capabilities can be achieved by integrating dynamic bonds such as boronic ester linkages into polymeric materials, however the rate of self-healing in these materials is insufficient and current methods to accelerate it are limited. In this study, we report the rational design, synthesis and characterization of a fluorinated elastomer (FBE15) that utilizes enhanced interaction between polymer chains afforded by strong dipole-dipole interactions from -CF3, which showed a significant increase in binding energy to -7.71 Kcal/mol from -5.51 Kcal/mol, resulting in increased interaction between the boronic ester linkages and improving self-healing capabilities of boronic ester materials, drastically reducing the time required for stress relaxation by 900 %. The bulk elastomer is capable of ultrafast self-healing in a one-click fashion that can happen in mere seconds, which can then be stretched to 150 % of its original length. By utilising the dynamic cross-linking, FBE15 is also capable of both mechanical reprocessing into the same materials and chemical recycling into its starting materials, respectively, further allowing reconstruction of the elastomers that have comparable properties to the original ones at the end of its service lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Jian Qiang Mah
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ke Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hongzhi Feng
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Polymeric Materials Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province, Laboratory of Polymers and Composites, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Nayli Erdeanna Binte Surat'man
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Bofan Li
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sheng Wang
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Republic of Singapore
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2
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Fanjul-Mosteirín N, Odelius K. Covalent Adaptable Networks with Tailorable Material Properties Based on Divanillin Polyimines. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2348-2357. [PMID: 38499398 PMCID: PMC11005045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) are being developed as future replacements for thermosets as they can retain the high mechanical and chemical robustness inherent to thermosets but also integrate the possibility of reprocessing after material use. Here, covalent adaptable polyimine-based networks were designed with methoxy and allyloxy-substituted divanillin as a core component together with long flexible aliphatic fatty acid-based amines and a short rigid chain triamine, yielding CANs with a high renewable content. The designed series of CANs with reversible imine functionality allowed for fast stress relaxation and tailorability of the thermomechanical properties, as a result of the ratio between long flexible and short rigid amines, with tensile strength (σb) ranging 1.07-18.7 MPa and glass transition temperatures ranging 16-61 °C. The CANs were subsequently successfully reprocessed up to three times without determinantal structure alterations and retained mechanical performance. The CANs were also successfully chemically recycled under acidic conditions, where the starting divanillin monomer was recovered and utilized for the synthesis of a recycled CAN with similar thermal and mechanical properties. This promising class of thermosets bearing sustainable dynamic functionalities opens a window of opportunity for the progressive replacement of fossil-based thermosets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noé Fanjul-Mosteirín
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center,
WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Odelius
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center,
WWSC, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Demchuk Z, Zhao X, Shen Z, Zhao S, Sokolov AP, Cao PF. Tuning the Mechanical and Dynamic Properties of Elastic Vitrimers by Tailoring the Substituents of Boronic Ester. ACS MATERIALS AU 2024; 4:185-194. [PMID: 38496049 PMCID: PMC10941276 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Elastic vitrimers, i.e., elastic polymers with associative dynamic covalent bonds, can afford elastomers with recyclability while maintaining their thermal and chemical stability. Herein, we report a series of boronic ester-based vitrimers with tunable mechanical properties and recyclability by varying the substitute groups of boronic acid in polymer networks. The dynamic polymer networks are formed by reacting diol-containing tetra-arm poly(amidoamine) with boronic acid-terminated tetra-arm poly(ethylene glycol), which possesses different substituents adjacent to boronic acid moieties. Varying the substituent adjacent to the boronic ester unit will significantly affect the binding strength of the boronic ester, therefore affecting their dynamics and mechanical performance. The electron-withdrawing substituents noticeably suppress the dynamics of boronic ester exchange and increase the activation energy and relaxation time while enhancing the mechanical strength of the resulting elastic vitrimers. On the other hand, the presence of electron-rich substituent affords relatively reduced glass transition temperature (Tg), faster relaxation, and prominent recyclability and malleability at lower temperatures. The developed pathway will guide the rational design of elastomers with well-tunable dynamics and processabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoriana Demchuk
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites, College of
Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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4
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Li X, Zhang Y, Shi Z, Wang D, Yang H, Zhang Y, Qin H, Lu W, Chen J, Li Y, Qing G. Water-stable boroxine structure with dynamic covalent bonds. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1207. [PMID: 38331926 PMCID: PMC10853236 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Boroxines are significant structures in the production of covalent organic frameworks, anion receptors, self-healing materials, and others. However, their utilization in aqueous media is a formidable task due to hydrolytic instability. Here we report a water-stable boroxine structure discovered from 2-hydroxyphenylboronic acid. We find that, under ambient environments, 2-hydroxyphenylboronic acid undergoes spontaneous dehydration to form a dimer with dynamic covalent bonds and aggregation-induced enhanced emission activity. Intriguingly, upon exposure to water, the dimer rapidly transforms into a boroxine structure with excellent pH stability and water-compatible dynamic covalent bonds. Building upon these discoveries, we report the strong binding capacity of boroxines toward fluoride ions in aqueous media, and develop a boroxine-based hydrogel with high acid-base stability and reversible gel-sol transition. This discovery of the water-stable boroxine structure breaks the constraint of boroxines not being applicable in aqueous environments, opening a new era of researches in boroxine chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Qin
- Research Centre of Modern Analytical Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Guangyan Qing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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5
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Hong Y, Goh M. Vitrimer Nanocomposites for Highly Thermal Conducting Materials with Sustainability. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:365. [PMID: 38337255 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitrimers, as dynamic covalent network polymers, represent a groundbreaking advancement in materials science. They excel in their applications, such as advanced thermal-conductivity composite materials, providing a sustainable alternative to traditional polymers. The incorporation of vitrimers into composite fillers enhances alignment and heat passway broadly, resulting in superior thermal conductivity compared to conventional thermosetting polymers. Their dynamic exchange reactions enable straightforward reprocessing, fostering the easy reuse of damaged composite materials and opening possibilities for recycling both matrix and filler components. We review an overview of the present advancements in utilizing vitrimers for highly thermally conductive composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younggi Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Munju Goh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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6
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Chen B, Jäkle F. Boron-Nitrogen Lewis Pairs in the Assembly of Supramolecular Macrocycles, Molecular Cages, Polymers, and 3D Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313379. [PMID: 37815889 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Covering an exceptionally wide range of bond strengths, the dynamic nature and facile tunability of dative B-N bonds is highly attractive when it comes to the assembly of supramolecular polymers and materials. This Minireview offers an overview of advances in the development of functional materials where Lewis pairs (LPs) play a key role in their assembly and critically influence their properties. Specifically, we describe the reversible assembly of linear polymers with interesting optical, electronic and catalytic properties, discrete macrocycles and molecular cages that take up diverse guest molecules and undergo structural changes triggered by external stimuli, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with intriguing interlocked structures that can embed and separate gases such as CO2 and acetylene, and soft polymer networks that serve as recyclable, self-healing, and responsive thermosets, gels and elastomeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beijia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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7
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Ferretti F, Damonte G, Cantamessa F, Arrigo R, Athanassiou A, Zych A, Fina A, Monticelli O. On a Biobased Epoxy Vitrimer from a Cardanol Derivative Prepared by a Simple Thiol-Epoxy "Click" Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1242-1250. [PMID: 38222589 PMCID: PMC10785085 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The development of this work lies in the relevant interest in epoxy resins, which, despite their wide use, do not meet the requirements for sustainable materials. Therefore, the proposed approach considers the need to develop environmentally friendly systems, in terms of both the starting material and the synthetic method applied as well as in terms of end-of-life. The above issues were taken into account by (i) using a monomer from renewable sources, (ii) promoting the formation of dynamic covalent bonds, allowing for material reprocessing, and (iii) evaluating the degradability of the material. Indeed, an epoxy derived from cardanol was used, which, for the first time, was applied in the development of a vitrimer system. The exploitation of a diboronic ester dithiol ([2,2'-(1,4-phenylene)-bis[4-mercaptan-1,3,2-dioxaborolane], DBEDT) as a cross-linker allowed the cross-linking reaction to be carried out without the use of solvents and catalysts through a thiol-epoxy "click" mechanism. The dynamicity of the network was demonstrated by gel fraction experiments and rheological and DMA measurements. In particular, the formation of a vitrimer was highlighted, characterized by low relaxation times (around 4 s at 70 °C) and an activation energy of ca. 48 kJ/mol. Moreover, the developed material, which is easily biodegradable in seawater, was found to show promising flame reaction behavior. Preliminary experiments demonstrated that, unlike an epoxy resin prepared from the same monomer and using a classical cross-linker, our boron-containing material exhibited no dripping under combustion conditions, a phenomenon that will allow this novel biobased system to be widely used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ferretti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Damonte
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Cantamessa
- Dipartimento
di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico
di Torino, Viale Teresa
Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Rossella Arrigo
- Dipartimento
di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico
di Torino, Viale Teresa
Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Arkadiusz Zych
- Smart
Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Fina
- Dipartimento
di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico
di Torino, Viale Teresa
Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Orietta Monticelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
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8
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Peng YY, Cheng Q, Wu M, Wang W, Zhao J, Diaz-Dussan D, McKay M, Zeng H, Ummartyotin S, Narain R. Highly Stretchable, Self-Healing, Injectable and pH Responsive Hydrogel from Multiple Hydrogen Bonding and Boron-Carbohydrate Interactions. Gels 2023; 9:709. [PMID: 37754389 PMCID: PMC10530767 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple and cost-effective method for the fabrication of a safe, dual-responsive, highly stretchable, self-healing and injectable hydrogel is reported based on a combination of dynamic boronate ester bonds and hydrogen bonding interactions. The mechanical properties of the hydrogel are tunable by adjusting the molar ratios between sugar moieties on the polymer and borax. It was remarkable to note that the 2:1 ratio of sugar and borate ion significantly improves the mechanical strength of the hydrogel. The injectability, self-healing and stretchability properties of the hydrogel were also examined. In addition, the impact of the variation of the pH and the addition of free sugar responsiveness of the hydrogel was studied. High MRC-5 cell viability was noticed by the 3D live/dead assay after 24 h cell culture within the hydrogel scaffold. Hence, the developed hydrogels have desirable features that warrant their applications for drug delivery, scaffolds for cell and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yang Peng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada; (Y.-Y.P.); (M.W.); (W.W.); (D.D.-D.); (M.M.); (H.Z.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Qiuli Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada; (Y.-Y.P.); (M.W.); (W.W.); (D.D.-D.); (M.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Wenda Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada; (Y.-Y.P.); (M.W.); (W.W.); (D.D.-D.); (M.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jianyang Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China;
| | - Diana Diaz-Dussan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada; (Y.-Y.P.); (M.W.); (W.W.); (D.D.-D.); (M.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Michelle McKay
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada; (Y.-Y.P.); (M.W.); (W.W.); (D.D.-D.); (M.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada; (Y.-Y.P.); (M.W.); (W.W.); (D.D.-D.); (M.M.); (H.Z.)
| | - Sarute Ummartyotin
- Department of Materials and Textile Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G6, Canada; (Y.-Y.P.); (M.W.); (W.W.); (D.D.-D.); (M.M.); (H.Z.)
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9
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Vidal F, Smith S, Williams CK. Ring Opening Copolymerization of Boron-Containing Anhydride with Epoxides as a Controlled Platform to Functional Polyesters. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37311063 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Boron-functionalized polymers are used in opto-electronics, biology, and medicine. Methods to produce boron-functionalized and degradable polyesters remain exceedingly rare but relevant where (bio)dissipation is required, for example, in self-assembled nanostructures, dynamic polymer networks, and bio-imaging. Here, a boronic ester-phthalic anhydride and various epoxides (cyclohexene oxide, vinyl-cyclohexene oxide, propene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether) undergo controlled ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP), catalyzed by organometallic complexes [Zn(II)Mg(II) or Al(III)K(I)] or a phosphazene organobase. The polymerizations are well controlled allowing for the modulation of the polyester structures (e.g., by epoxide selection, AB, or ABA blocks), molar masses (9.4 < Mn < 40 kg/mol), and uptake of boron functionalities (esters, acids, "ates", boroxines, and fluorescent groups) in the polymer. The boronic ester-functionalized polymers are amorphous, with high glass transition temperatures (81 < Tg < 224 °C) and good thermal stability (285 < Td < 322 °C). The boronic ester-polyesters are deprotected to yield boronic acid- and borate-polyesters; the ionic polymers are water soluble and degradable under alkaline conditions. Using a hydrophilic macro-initiator in alternating epoxide/anhydride ROCOP, and lactone ring opening polymerization, produces amphiphilic AB and ABC copolyesters. Alternatively, the boron-functionalities are subjected to Pd(II)-catalyzed cross-couplings to install fluorescent groups (BODIPY). The utility of this new monomer as a platform to construct specialized polyesters materials is exemplified here in the synthesis of fluorescent spherical nanoparticles that self-assemble in water (Dh = 40 nm). The selective copolymerization, variable structural composition, and adjustable boron loading represent a versatile technology for future explorations of degradable, well-defined, and functional polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vidal
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Sevven Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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10
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van Hurne S, Kisters M, Smulders MMJ. Covalent adaptable networks using boronate linkages by incorporating TetraAzaADamantanes. Front Chem 2023; 11:1148629. [PMID: 36909710 PMCID: PMC9995436 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1148629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Boronic esters prepared by condensation of boronic acids and diols have been widely used as dynamic covalent bonds in the synthesis of both discrete assemblies and polymer networks. In this study we investigate the potential of a new dynamic-covalent motif, derived from TetraAzaADamantanes (TAADs), with their adamantane-like triol structure, in boronic ester-based covalent adaptable networks (CANs). The TetraAzaADamantane-boronic ester linkage has recently been reported as a more hydrolytically stable boronic ester variant, while still having a dynamic pH response: small-molecule studies found little exchange at neutral pH, while fast exchange occurred at pH 3.8. In this work, bi- and trifunctional TetraAzaADamantane linkers were synthesised and crosslinked with boronic acids to form rubber-like materials, with a Young's modulus of 1.75 MPa. The dynamic nature of the TetraAzaADamantane networks was confirmed by stress relaxation experiments, revealing Arrhenius-like behaviour, with a corresponding activation energy of 142 ± 10 kJ/mol. Increasing the crosslinking density of the material from 10% to 33% resulted in reduced relaxation times, as is consistent with a higher degree of crosslinking within the dynamic networks. In contrast to the reported accelerating effect of acid addition to small-molecule TetraAzaADamantane complexes, within the polymer network the addition of acid increased relaxation times, suggesting unanticipated interactions between the acid and the polymer that cannot occur in the corresponding small-molecules analogues. The obtained boronate-TetraAzaADamantane materials were thermally stable up to 150°C. This thermal stability, in combination with the intrinsically dynamic bonds inside the polymer network, allowed these materials to be reprocessed and healed after damage by hot-pressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon van Hurne
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marijn Kisters
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
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11
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Tao Y, Liang X, Zhang J, Lei IM, Liu J. Polyurethane vitrimers: Chemistry, properties and applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tao
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - Xiangyu Liang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
| | - Iek Man Lei
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
- Department of Electromechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Macau China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China
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He C, Dong J, Xu C, Pan X. N-Coordinated Organoboron in Polymer Synthesis and Material Science. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congze He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chaoran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiangcheng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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