|
1
|
Li X, Liu Y, Li M, Zhang S, Jia L, Zhu F, Yu W. High-Value and Environmentally Friendly Recycling Method for Coal-Based Solid Waste Based on Polyurethane Composite Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2044. [PMID: 39065361 PMCID: PMC11281150 DOI: 10.3390/polym16142044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to provide a high-value and environmentally friendly method for the application of coal-based solid waste. Modified fly ash/polyurethane (MFA/PU) and modified coal gangue powder/polyurethane (MCG/PU) composites were prepared by adding different contents of MFA and MCG (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%). At the filler content of 30%, the compressive strengths of MFA/PU and MCG/PU are 84.1 MPa and 46.3 MPa, respectively, likely due to an improvement in interface compatibility, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MFA/PU and MCG/PU composites present their highest limiting oxygen index (LOI) values of 29% and 23.5%, respectively, when their filler content is 30%. MFA has advantages in improving the LOIs of composites. Cone calorimetry (CCT) and SEM demonstrate that the two composites exhibit similar condensed-phase flame-retardant behaviors during combustion, which releases CO2 in advance and accelerates the formation of a dense barrier layer. Compared with the MFA/PU composites, the MCG/PU composites could produce a more stable and dense barrier structure. Water quality tests show that heavy metals do not leak from FA and CG embedded in PU. This work provided a new strategy for the safe and high-value recycling of coal-based solid waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (M.L.); (S.Z.); (F.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (M.L.); (S.Z.); (F.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Mingyi Li
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (M.L.); (S.Z.); (F.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Sitong Zhang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (M.L.); (S.Z.); (F.Z.); (W.Y.)
| | - Lan Jia
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (M.L.); (S.Z.); (F.Z.); (W.Y.)
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Fengbo Zhu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (M.L.); (S.Z.); (F.Z.); (W.Y.)
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (M.L.); (S.Z.); (F.Z.); (W.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Hou K, Wang S, Yao X, Yao S, Zhou X, Ma J, Wang P, Feng G. Effect of a Simulated Coal Mine Environment on Polyurethane Grouting Material and a Proposed Polyurethane Strengthening Method. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4449. [PMID: 38006173 PMCID: PMC10674693 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
When it comes to grouting in coal mines, polyurethane (PU) is often utilized. However, it is of vital importance to consistently improve the mineral PU, considering the significant amount of environmental deterioration to which it is prone. Laboratory experiments were used to model various coal mine conditions. Additionally, a workable technique for PU strengthening using ultrasonic waves was proposed. Compression tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to describe the PU-gangue material's induration characteristics. The results showed that ultrasound has a positive impact on PU's mechanical strength. The final strength of the PU was significantly impacted by the size of the coal gangue particles, the amount of dust, and the amount of water. The induration made of gangue and PU with the same mass but differing particle sizes was noticeably different in its compressive strength. The strengthening mechanism showed that the average size of the rigid foam after the ultrasound treatment was smaller, and the 'honeycomb'-structured space in the inner section was more compact, resulting in the rigid PU foam having a higher compressive strength after ultrasound treatment. Furthermore, the dust content and water content of coal mines need to be controlled within a specific range to ensure the effective use of PU grouting materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hou
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (K.H.); (S.W.); (X.Y.); (S.Y.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province for Mine Rock Strata Control and Disaster Prevention, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (K.H.); (S.W.); (X.Y.); (S.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Xin Yao
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (K.H.); (S.W.); (X.Y.); (S.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Shun Yao
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (K.H.); (S.W.); (X.Y.); (S.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Xinxing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Highway Construction and Maintenance Technology in Loess Region of Ministry of Transport, Shanxi Transportation Technology Research & Development Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Jianchao Ma
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (K.H.); (S.W.); (X.Y.); (S.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (K.H.); (S.W.); (X.Y.); (S.Y.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province for Mine Rock Strata Control and Disaster Prevention, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Guorui Feng
- College of Mining Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; (K.H.); (S.W.); (X.Y.); (S.Y.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province for Mine Rock Strata Control and Disaster Prevention, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Espinach FX, Tarrés Q. Polymer Composite Analysis and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081812. [PMID: 37111958 PMCID: PMC10143730 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the original article [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesc X Espinach
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Quim Tarrés
- LEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 61, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Serra Hunter Programme Fellowship, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Park M, Kuk YS, Kwon OH, Acharya J, Ojha GP, Ko JK, Kong HS, Pant B. Fly Ash-Incorporated Polystyrene Nanofiber Membrane as a Fire-Retardant Material: Valorization of Discarded Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12213811. [PMID: 36364587 PMCID: PMC9656177 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Reusing or recycling waste into new useful materials is essential for environmental protection. Herein, we used discarded polystyrene (PS) and fly-ash (FA) particles and a fabricated fly-ash incorporated polystyrene fiber (FA/PS fiber) composite. The electrospinning process produced continuous PS fibers with a good distribution of FA particles. The prepared nanofibers were characterized by state-of-the-art techniques. The performances of the composite nanofibers were tested for fire-retardant applications. We observed that the incorporation of FA particles into the PS fibers led to an improvement in the performance of the composite as compared to the pristine PS fibers. This study showed an important strategy in using waste materials to produce functional nanofibers through an economical procedure. We believe that the strategy presented in this paper can be extended to other waste materials for obtaining nanofiber membranes for various environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Park
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Department of Fire Protection and Disaster Prevention, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Yun-Su Kuk
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency (KCARBON), Jeonju 54853, Korea
| | - Oh Hoon Kwon
- Research and Development Division, Korea Institute of Convergence Textile, Iksan 54588, Korea
| | - Jiwan Acharya
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Gunendra Prasad Ojha
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Jae-Kyoung Ko
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Ha-Sung Kong
- Department of Fire Protection and Disaster Prevention, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| | - Bishweshwar Pant
- Carbon Composite Energy Nanomaterials Research Center, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
- Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care (WSCLC), Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Korea
| |
Collapse
|