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Gao J, Zhang Y, Bi Y, Du K, Su J, Zhang S. A strong hydrogen bond bridging interface based on tannic acid for improving the performance of high-filled bamboo fibers/poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA)biocomposites. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131611. [PMID: 38641288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Natural plant fiber-reinforced bio-based polymer composites are widely attracting attention because of their economical, readily available, low carbon, and biodegradable, and showing promise in gradually replacing petroleum-based composites. Nevertheless, the fragile interfacial bonding between fiber and substrate hinders the progression of low-cost and abundant sustainable high-performance biocomposites. In this paper, a novel high-performance sustainable biocomposite was built by introducing a high density strong hydrogen-bonded bridging interface based on tannic acid (TA) between bamboo fibers (BFs) and PBSA. Through comprehensive analysis, this strategy endowed the biocomposites with better mechanical properties, thermal stability, dynamic thermo-mechanical properties and water resistance. The optimum performance of the composites was achieved when the TA concentration was 2 g/L. Tensile strength as well as modulus, flexural strength as well as modulus, and impact strength improved by 22 %, 10 %, 15 %, 35 %, and 25 % respectively. Additionally, the initial degradation temperature(Tonset) and maximum degradation temperature(Tmax) increased by 12.07 °C and 14.8 °C respectively. The maximum storage modulus(E'), room temperature E', and loss modulus(E")elevated by 199 %, 75 %, and 181 % respectively. Moreover, the water absorption rate decreased by 59 %. The strong hydrogen-bonded bridging interface serves as a novel model and theory for biocomposite interface engineering. At the same time, it offers a promising future for the development of high performance sustainable biocomposites with low cost and abundant biomass resources and contributes to their wide application in aerospace, automotive, biomedical and other field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanbin Bi
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Keke Du
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jixing Su
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuangbao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Adil S, Kumar B, Pham DH, Kim J. Biobased, cellulose long filament-reinforced vanillin-derived epoxy composite for high-performance and flame-retardant applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128411. [PMID: 38016604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-strength and intrinsic flame-retardant natural fiber-reinforced green composite (NFRGC) is a landmark for high-performance structural applications. This paper reports a biobased, high-performance, flame-retardant composite material based on diverse bio-resources. Tough and strong cellulose long filaments (CLFs) are combined with vanillin-derived epoxy (VDE) resin to achieve high strength and flame-retardant NFRGC. The green composite was fabricated using a simple hand lay-up and compression molding technique. The green composite showed a noteworthy increment of 100.9 % flexural strength and 346 % flexural modulus compared to the neat VDE resin. Interestingly, despite the highly flammable nature of CLF, the green composite passes a V-0 rating under the UL-94 test, indicating excellent flame-retardant characteristics. Additionally, the green composite demonstrated outstanding hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 104.2° and good chemical stability in various acidic and organic solvents. The green composite's excellent mechanical and physical properties show its potential for high-strength and flame-retardant structural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Adil
- Creative Research Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Bijender Kumar
- Creative Research Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Duc H Pham
- Creative Research Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Creative Research Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, South Korea.
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Papadopoulou E, Chrysafi I, Karidi K, Mitani A, Bikiaris DN. Particleboards with Recycled Material from Hemp-Based Panels. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:139. [PMID: 38203991 PMCID: PMC10780057 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This research addresses the current need for sustainable solutions in the construction and furniture industries, with a focus on environmentally friendly particleboard. Particleboards were made from a mixture of virgin wood chips and hemp shives, which were then mechanically recycled and used to make new lightweight particleboards. Phenol-formaldehyde resin with 25% w/w phenol replacement by soybean flour (PFS) was used as the binder for the lignocellulosic materials. Laboratory analyses determined the resin properties, and FTIR confirmed the structure of the experimental PFS resin. The thermal properties of all the resins were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The panels were manufactured using industrial simulation and tested for mechanical and physical properties in accordance with European standards. The FTIR study confirmed good adhesion, and the TGA showed improved thermal stability for the recycled biomass panels compared to virgin biomass panels. The study concludes that lightweight particleboards can be successfully produced from recycled hemp shive-based panels, providing a sustainable alternative to traditional materials in the construction industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Electra Papadopoulou
- CHIMAR HELLAS S.A., 15 Km National Road, Thessaloniki—Polygyros, 570 01 Thermi, Greece;
| | - Iouliana Chrysafi
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Konstantina Karidi
- CHIMAR HELLAS S.A., 15 Km National Road, Thessaloniki—Polygyros, 570 01 Thermi, Greece;
| | - Andromachi Mitani
- Department of Forestry, Wood Sciences and Design, University of Thessaly, V. Griva nr.11, 431 00 Karditsa, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Srisuk T, Charoenlarp K, Kampeerapappun P. Utilization of Waste Natural Fibers Mixed with Polylactic Acid (PLA) Bicomponent Fiber: Incorporating Kapok and Cattail Fibers for Nonwoven Medical Textile Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:76. [PMID: 38201741 PMCID: PMC10780681 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Disposable surgical gowns are usually made from petroleum-based synthetic fibers that do not naturally decompose, impacting the environment. A promising approach to diminish the environmental impact of disposable gowns involves utilizing natural fibers and/or bio-based synthetic fibers. In this study, composite webs from polylactic acid (PLA) bicomponent fiber and natural fibers, cattail and kapok fibers, were prepared using the hot press method. Only the sheath region of the PLA bicomponent fiber melted, acting as an adhesive that enhanced the strength and reduced the thickness of the composite web compared with its state before hot pressing. The mechanical and physical properties of these composite webs were evaluated. Composite webs created from kapok fibers displayed a creamy yellowish-white color, while those made from cattail fibers showed a light yellowish-brown color. Additionally, the addition of natural fibers endowed the composite webs with hydrophobic properties. The maximum natural fiber content, at a ratio of 30:70 (natural fiber to PLA fiber), can be incorporated while maintaining proper water vapor permeability and mechanical properties. This nonwoven material presents an alternative with the potential to replace petroleum-based surgical gowns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Piyaporn Kampeerapappun
- Faculty of Textile Industries, Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep, Bangkok 10120, Thailand; (T.S.); (K.C.)
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Duangsuwan S, Amornsakchai T, Phinyocheep P, Thanawan S. Achieving High-Performance Green Composites from Pineapple Leaf Fiber-Poly(butylene succinate) through Both Fiber Alignment and Matrix Orientation across the Thickness. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35693-35705. [PMID: 37810651 PMCID: PMC10551910 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
This research aims to develop high-performance and low-carbon composites using biobased poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) reinforced with well-aligned pineapple leaf fibers (PALF). PBS/PALF composites containing 10 and 20% PALF by weight (wt %) were prepared using a two-roll mill. During the mixing process, the molten material was slightly stretched to align the fibers in the machine direction, forming a uniaxial prepreg. The prepreg was subsequently stacked and compressed into composite sheets at compression temperatures of 120 and 140 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and crystalline morphology analysis revealed the presence of matrix orientation in the prepreg, which was preserved in sheets compressed at 120 °C but not at 140 °C. The composites prepared at 120 °C exhibited significantly higher flexural strength and modulus compared to those prepared at 140 °C, attributed to the combined effect of matrix and PALF orientation. Additionally, the composites displayed an increase in heat distortion temperature, with a maximum of 10 °C higher than the matrix melting temperature (∼113 °C) for the composite with 20 wt % PALF. These findings indicate the potential for increased utilization of this low-carbon green composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorn Duangsuwan
- Polymer
Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Taweechai Amornsakchai
- Polymer
Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Center
of Sustainable Energy and Green Materials, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Pranee Phinyocheep
- Polymer
Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sombat Thanawan
- Polymer
Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of
Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Rubber
Technology Research Center, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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Cappello M, Rossi D, Filippi S, Cinelli P, Seggiani M. Wood Residue-Derived Biochar as a Low-Cost, Lubricating Filler in Poly(butylene succinate- co-adipate) Biocomposites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:570. [PMID: 36676307 PMCID: PMC9863910 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the development of a novel biocomposite material formed by a thermoplastic biodegradable polyester, poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA), and a carbonaceous filler as biochar (BC) derived by the pyrolysis of woody biomass waste. Composites with various BC contents (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt.%) were obtained by melt extrusion and investigated in terms of their processability, thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties. In all the composites, BC lowered melt viscosity, behaving as a lubricant, and enhancing composite extrudability and injection moulding at high temperatures up to 20 wt.% of biochar. While the use of biochar did not significantly change composite thermal stability, it increased its stiffness (Young modulus). Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) revealed the presence of a second crystal phase induced by the filler addition. Furthermore, results suggest that biochar may form a particle network that hinders polymer chain disentanglement, reducing polymer flexibility. A biochar content of 10 wt.% was selected as the best trade-off concentration to improve the composite processability and cost competitiveness without compromising excessively the tensile properties. The findings support the use of biochar as a sustainable renewable filler and pigment for PBSA. Biochar is a suitable candidate to replace more traditional carbon black pigments for the production of biodegradable and inexpensive innovative PBSA composites with potential fertilizing properties to be used in agricultural applications.
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