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Pantoja F, Beszédes S, Gyulavári T, Illés E, Kozma G, László Z. Impact of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Non-Modified Biochar Produced from Banana Leaves: A Case Study on Ammonium Ion Adsorption. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3180. [PMID: 38998263 PMCID: PMC11242645 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Given the current importance of using biochar for water treatment, it is important to study the physical-chemical properties to predict the behavior of the biochar adsorbent in contact with adsorbates. In the present research, the physical and chemical characteristics of three types of biochar derived from banana leaves were investigated, which is a poorly studied raw material and is considered an agricultural waste in some Latin American, Asian, and African countries. The characterization of non-modified biochar samples pyrolyzed at 300, 400, and 500 °C was carried out through pH, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and specific surface area measurements. The adsorption properties of banana leaf-derived biochar were evaluated by ammonium ion adsorption experiments. The results demonstrated that the pyrolysis temperature has a large impact on the yield, structure, elemental composition, and surface chemistry of the biochar. Biochar prepared at 300 °C is the most efficient for NH4+ adsorption, achieving a capacity of 7.0 mg of adsorbed NH4+ on each gram of biochar used, while biochar samples prepared at 400 and 500 °C show lower values of 6.1 and 5.6 mg/g, respectively. The Harkins-Jura isotherm model fits the experimental data best for all biochar samples, demonstrating that multilayer adsorption occurs on our biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Pantoja
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Sándor Beszédes
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Gyulavári
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (T.G.); (G.K.)
| | - Erzsébet Illés
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Gábor Kozma
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (T.G.); (G.K.)
| | - Zsuzsanna László
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
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Fan W, Kong Q, Chen Y, Lu F, Wang S, Zhao A. Safe utilization and remediation potential of the mulberry-silkworm system in heavy metal-contaminated lands: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172352. [PMID: 38608900 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Mulberry cultivation and silkworm rearing hold a prominent position in the agricultural industries of many Asian countries, contributing to economic growth, sustainable development, and cultural heritage preservation. Applying the soil-mulberry-silkworm system (SMSS) to heavy metal (HM)-contaminated areas is significant economically, environmentally, and socially. The ultimate goal of this paper is to review the main research progress of SMSS under HM stress, examining factors affecting its safe utilization and remediation potential for HM-contaminated soils. HM tolerance of mulberry and silkworms relates to their growth stages. Based on the standards for HM contaminants in various mulberry and silkworm products and the bioconcentration factor of HMs at different parts of SMSS, we calculated maximum safe Cd and Pb levels for SMSS application on contaminated lands. Several remediation practices demonstrated mulberry's ability to grow on barren lands, absorb various HMs, while silkworm excreta can adsorb HMs and improve soil fertility. Considering multiple factors influencing HM tolerance and accumulation, we propose a decision model to guide SMSS application in polluted areas. Finally, we discussed the potential of using molecular breeding techniques to screen or develop varieties better suited for HM-contaminated regions. However, actual pollution scenarios are often complex, requiring consideration of multiple factors. More large-scale applications are crucial to enhance the theoretical foundation for applying SMSS in HM pollution risk areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiuyue Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuane Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fuping Lu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Shuchang Wang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Aichun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Hamad MTMH, Ibrahim S. Effective fabrication and characterization of eco-friendly nano particles composite for adsorption Cd (II) and Cu (II) ions from aqueous solutions using modelling studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11767. [PMID: 38782956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The public health and environment are currently facing significant risks due to the discharge of industrial wastewater, which contains harmful heavy metals and other contaminants. Therefore, there is a pressing need for sustainable and innovative technologies to treat wastewater. The main objective of this research was to develop novel composites known as chitosan, Padina pavonica, Fe(III), and nano MgO incorporated onto pomegranate peel with the specific purpose of removing Cd (II) and Cu (II) ions from aqueous solutions. The characterization of these nanocomposites involved the utilization of several analytical methods, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The efficiency of these nanocomposites was evaluated through batch mode experiments, investigating the impact of factors such as pH, initial concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dose on the adsorption of Cu(II) ions. The optimum conditions for the removal of ions were pH = 5 for Cu (II) and 6 for Cd (II), contact time: 120 min, adsorbent dosage: 0.2 g, initial metal ion concentration: 50 mg/L for each metal ion for the present study. The MgO@Pp demonstrated the highest removal efficiencies for Cu(II) and Cd(II) at 98.2% and 96.4%, respectively. In contrast, the CS@Fe-PA achieved removal efficiencies of 97.2% for Cu(II) and 89.2% for Cd(II). The modified MgO@Pp exhibited significantly higher total adsorption capacities for Cu(II) and Cd(II) at 333.3 and 200 mg/g, respectively, compared to CS@Fe-PA, which had capacities of 250 and 142 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption of Cd (II) and Cu (II) ions by MgO@Pp was found to be a spontaneous process. The R2 values obtained using the Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson models were the highest for the MgO@Pp composite, with values of 0.99, 0.988, 0.987, and 0.994, respectively, for Cu (II) and Cd (II). The pseudo-second-order equation was determined to be the best-fit kinetic model for this process. Reusability experiments confirmed that the adsorbents can be utilized for up to four regeneration cycles. Based on the findings of this study, MgO @ Pp is the most promising alternative and could be instrumental in developing strategies to address existing environmental pollution through adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabah Ibrahim
- Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring, National Water Research Center, Shubra El Kheima, Egypt
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Liu Z, Dai Y, Zhu H, Liu H, Zhang J. Effects of additive on formation and electron transfer capacity of humic substances derived from silkworm-excrement compost during composting. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119673. [PMID: 38043316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Amending biochar or MnO2 is a common strategy to regulate humification during manure composting. However, how these additives affect the formation, spectrum characteristics (UV-vis, FTIR, EEM) of humic substances (HSs) in silkworm-excrement (SE) compost and their electron transfer capacities (ETC) remains unclear. Thus, the SE composting pilot separately added with 10% corncob biochar (CB) (w/w) and 0.5% MnO2 (w/w) was run to investigate the effects. The results revealed that adding 10% CB slightly affected the HA/FA (humic acids/fulvic acids) ratios, UV-vis and FTIR spectra of the final SE-compost HSs and EEM components in the FA, but remarkably improved fulvic-like (C1)/quinone-like (C3) substances and reduced humic-like (C2)/protein-like substances (C4) in the HA. Meanwhile, 0.5% MnO2 had a noticeable positive effect on the aromatization of SE-compost FA and HA but only weak impact on SUVAs and EEM components in these HSs except C4 in the FA. Moreover, 10% CB obviously reduced EAC/EDC of FA and HA in the final SE compost by 31.1%/22.0% and 19.7%/24.0%, while MnO2 improved EDC of these HSs by 6.5%/9.1% (FA/HA). These results showed MnO2 can be used as a useful amendment to enhance the promotion effect of SE-compost HA in the soil remediation other than CB. Further investigation is suggested to focus on the effects of adding MnO2 on SE-compost HSs enhancing soil remediation and its effect on ETC derived from other manure compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Hongxiang Zhu
- Guangxi Modern Industry College of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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Yuan Z, Liu M, Su Z, Xu H, Liu C, Lu L, Wang L, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Rao Y. Designing a cercosporin-bioinspired bifunctional algicide with flocculation and photocatalysis for efficiently controlling harmful cyanobacterial blooms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132110. [PMID: 37487335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) are spreading in freshwater ecosystems worldwide, adversely affecting drinking water supplies, aquatic production, recreational and tourism activities. Therefore, the efficient and environmentally friendly method is still of interest to be developed to effectively control HCBs. Inspired by the excellent algicidal activity of cercosporin (CP), a novel metal-free algaecide SiO2@EDU@CP (EDU, N-ethyl-N'-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)urea) with flocculation and photoremoval functions, was successfully designed and prepared in one-step to simultaneously introduce CP and EDU on SiO2 nanoparticles. It could rapidly form algae flocs in 20 min with 97.1% flocculation rate, and remove Microcystis aeruginosa within 12 h with 91.0% algicidal rate under 23 W compact fluorescent light irradiation without any leaked CP detected. Additionally, odorant β-cyclocitral and toxin microcystin-LR were both photodegraded after treatment of SiO2@EDU@CP. Further mechanistic studies showed that the introduction of EDU significantly reversed the zeta potential of SiO2-COOH to achieve the flocculation through neutral charge, and the photophysical characterization of SiO2@EDU@CP revealed the improved charge separation ability to generate reactive oxygen species. More importantly, the utility of SiO2@EDU@CP was well demonstrated by its effectiveness for algae from Taihu Lake under natural sunlight and inability to regrow after treatment. This study not only establishes a bifunctional algicide SiO2@EDU@CP to efficiently control HCBs, but also provides design possibilities to develop more novel and efficient algicides for the better control of practical HCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zengping Su
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Huibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Changmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Liushen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yijian Rao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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Superparamagnetic Multifunctionalized Chitosan Nanohybrids for Efficient Copper Adsorption: Comparative Performance, Stability, and Mechanism Insights. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051157. [PMID: 36904398 PMCID: PMC10007229 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To limit the dangers posed by Cu(II) pollution, chitosan-nanohybrid derivatives were developed for selective and rapid copper adsorption. A magnetic chitosan nanohybrid (r-MCS) was obtained via the co-precipitation nucleation of ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) co-stabilized within chitosan, followed by further multifunctionalization with amine (diethylenetriamine) and amino acid moieties (alanine, cysteine, and serine types) to give the TA-type, A-type, C-type, and S-type, respectively. The physiochemical characteristics of the as-prepared adsorbents were thoroughly elucidated. The superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were mono-dispersed spherical shapes with typical sizes (~8.5-14.7 nm). The adsorption properties toward Cu(II) were compared, and the interaction behaviors were explained with XPS and FTIR analysis. The saturation adsorption capacities (in mmol.Cu.g-1) have the following order: TA-type (3.29) > C-type (1.92) > S-type (1.75) > A-type(1.70) > r-MCS (0.99) at optimal pH0 5.0. The adsorption was endothermic with fast kinetics (except TA-type was exothermic). Langmuir and pseudo-second-order equations fit well with the experimental data. The nanohybrids exhibit selective adsorption for Cu(II) from multicomponent solutions. These adsorbents show high durability over multiple cycles with desorption efficiency > 93% over six cycles using acidified thiourea. Ultimately, QSAR tools (quantitative structure-activity relationships) were employed to examine the relationship between essential metal properties and adsorbent sensitivities. Moreover, the adsorption process was described quantitatively, using a novel three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear mathematical model.
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N-Doped Biochar from Lignocellulosic Biomass for Preparation of Adsorbent: Characterization, Kinetics and Application. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183889. [PMID: 36146033 PMCID: PMC9503327 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulla tetrapanacis is composed of a lignocellulosic biopolymer and has a regular porous structure, which makes it a potential biomass material for preparing porous N-doped biochar. Herewith, N-doped Medulla tetrapanacis biochar (UBC) was successfully prepared by modification with urea and NaHCO3 under pyrolysis at 700 °C. The nitrogen-containing groups were efficiently introduced into biochar, and the micro-pore structures of the UBC were developed with sizeable specific surface area, which was loaded with massive adsorption sites. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of the UBC conformed to pseudo-second-order and Langmuir model. The superior adsorption capacities of the UBC for methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR) were 923.0 mg/g and 728.0 mg/g, and the capacities for Cu2+ and Pb2+ were 468.5 mg/g and 1466.5 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, the UBC had a stronger affinity for Cr3+ and Fe3+ in multiple metal ions and retained at a preferable adsorption performance for dyes and heavy metals after five cycles. Precipitation, complexation, and physical adsorption were the main mechanisms of the UBC-adsorbing metal ions and dyes. Thus, lignocellulosic biochar has great potential for removing dyes and heavy metals in aqueous solutions.
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