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Brychka S, Brychka A, Hedin N, Mondeshki M. Sustainable Composite Materials Based on Carnauba Wax and Montmorillonite Nanoclay for Energy Storage. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1978. [PMID: 38730787 PMCID: PMC11084883 DOI: 10.3390/ma17091978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable composite materials, including carnauba wax, can store energy in the form of latent heat, and containing the wax may allow form-stable melting and crystallization cycles to be performed. Here, it is shown that carnauba wax in the molten state and the abundant nanoclay montmorillonite form stable composites with mass ratios of 50-70% (w/w). Transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals the inhomogeneous distribution of the nanoclay in the wax matrix. Analyses with infrared and multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy prove the chemical inertness of the composite materials during preparation. No new phases are formed according to studies with powder X-ray diffraction. The addition of the nanoclay increases the thermal conductivity and prevents the leakage of the phase change material, as well as reducing the time intervals of the cycle of accumulation and the return of heat. The latent heat increases in the row 69.5 ± 3.7 J/g, 95.0 ± 2.5 J/g, and 107.9 ± 1.7 J/g for the composite materials containing resp. 50%, 60% and 70% carnauba wax. Analysis of temperature-dependent 13C cross-polarization solid-state NMR spectra reveal the enhanced amorphization and altered molecular dynamics of the carnauba wax constituents in the composite materials. The amorphization also defines changes in the thermal transport mechanism in the composites compared to pure wax at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhii Brychka
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
- The Gas Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 39, Dehtyarivska Str., 03113 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alla Brychka
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences, 17 General Naumov Street, 03164 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Niklas Hedin
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Mihail Mondeshki
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
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Yang ZY, Jin XZ, Chen SY, Lei YZ, Wang Y. Designing Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polystyrene Sulfonate/Graphene Oxide/Graphene Nanosheet/Polyethylene Glycol Phase-Change Composites with Superior Thermal Management for Photo-thermoelectric Generators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47111-47124. [PMID: 37768923 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently, growing interest in self-powered devices has led to the invention of new energy conversion devices. Photo-thermoelectric generators (PTEGs) have rapidly developed for their ability to harvest both light and thermal energy, but these devices are overly dependent on the continuity of energy input and cannot sustain output in an emergency situation. In the current study, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/graphene oxide (GO)/graphene nanosheets (GNPs)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) phase-change composites (PCCs) were prepared with freeze-drying and vacuum-filling processes to acquire materials suitable for imparting energy storage characteristics to PTEGs. The melting and crystallization enthalpies of the PCCs fabricated based on the PEDOT:PSS/GO/GNP aerogels can reach 211.5 and 207.6 J g-1, respectively, which increase by nearly 5% compared with pure PEG, and the growth rate of thermal conductivity of the composites is as high as 262.7% (1.12 W m-1 K-1). Meanwhile, the excellent photothermal properties and high-temperature shape stability that pure PEG does not possess can also be imparted to PCCs by the aerogels. The PTEG assembled with PCCs and thermoelectric components can achieve a continuous output of over 1500 s after 300 s of light irradiation. After integrating the output of the device during the lamp on/off period, it is found that the total output of the device during the light-off period (8.4 V and 9.6 mW) can far exceed its total output during the light-on period (2.7 V and 4.4 mW). This work provides guidance for modulating the performance of PCCs and giving PTEGs the ability to operate under emergency or extremely harsh conditions and the prepared PTEGs are highly promising for practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Yang
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xin-Zheng Jin
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yan-Zhou Lei
- Analytical and Testing Center, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Ilyina SO, Vlasova AV, Gorbunova IY, Lukashov NI, Kerber ML, Ilyin SO. Epoxy Phase-Change Materials Based on Paraffin Wax Stabilized by Asphaltenes. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3243. [PMID: 37571137 PMCID: PMC10422234 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The usual problem of meltable phase-change agents is the instability in their form upon heating, which can be solved by placing them into a continuous polymer matrix. Epoxy resin is a suitable medium for dispersing molten agents, but it is necessary to make the obtained droplets stable during the curing of the formed phase-change material. This work shows that molten paraffin wax forms a Pickering emulsion in an epoxy medium and in the presence of asphaltenes extracted from heavy crude oil. Theoretical calculations revealed the complex equilibrium in the epoxy/wax/asphaltene triple system due to their low mutual solubility. Rheological studies showed the viscoplastic behavior of the obtained dispersions at 25 °C, which disappears upon the heating and melting of the paraffin phase. Wax and asphaltenes increased the viscosity of the epoxy medium during its curing but did not inhibit cross-linking or reduce the glass transition temperature of the cured polymer. As a result of curing, it is possible to obtain phase-change materials containing up to 45% paraffin wax that forms a dispersed phase with a size of 0.2-6.5 μm. The small size of dispersed wax can decrease its degree of crystallinity to 13-29% of its original value, reducing the efficiency of the phase-change material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana O. Ilyina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Plastics Processing Technology, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya Square, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V. Vlasova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Y. Gorbunova
- Department of Plastics Processing Technology, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya Square, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolai I. Lukashov
- Department of Plastics Processing Technology, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya Square, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael L. Kerber
- Department of Plastics Processing Technology, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya Square, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey O. Ilyin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Angel-López A, Norambuena Á, Arriaza-Echanes C, Terraza CA, Tundidor-Camba A, Coll D, Ortiz PA. Development of Novel Phase-Change Materials Derived from Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol and Aromatic Acyl Chlorides. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3069. [PMID: 37514458 PMCID: PMC10384409 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, novel, organic, solid-liquid phase-change materials (PCMs) derived from methoxy polyethylene glycol (MPEG) and aromatic acyl chlorides (ACs) were prepared through a condensation reaction. The MPEGs were used as phase-change functional chains with different molecular weights (350, 550, 750, 2000, and 5000 g/mol). The aromatic ACs, terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) and isophthaloyl chloride (IPC), were employed as bulky linker cores. Solubility tests demonstrated that this family of PCMs is soluble in protic polar solvents such as H2O and MeOH, and insoluble in nonpolar solvents such as n-hexane. Fourier-ransform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR UATR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C, DEPT 135°, COSY, HMQC, and HMBC NMR) were used to confirm the bonding of MPEG chains to ACs. The crystalline morphology of the synthesized materials was examined using polarized optical microscopy (POM), revealing the formation of spherulites with Maltese-cross-extinction patterns. Furthermore, it was confirmed that PCMs with higher molecular weights were crystalline at room temperature and exhibited an increased average spherulite size compared to their precursors. Thermal stability tests conducted through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated decomposition temperatures close to 400 °C for all PCMs. The phase-change properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), revealing that the novel PCMs melted and crystallized between -23.7 and 60.2 °C and -39.9 and 45.9 °C, respectively. Moreover, the heat absorbed and released by the PCMs ranged from 57.9 to 198.8 J/g and 48.6 to 195.6 J/g, respectively. Additionally, the PCMs exhibited thermal stability after undergoing thermal cycles of melting-crystallization, indicating that energy absorption and release occurred at nearly constant temperatures. This study presents a new family of high-performance organic PCMs and demonstrates that the orientation of substituent groups in the phenylene ring influences supercooling, transition temperatures, and thermal energy storage capacity depending on the MPEG molecular weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Angel-López
- Doctorado en Ciencias de Materiales Avanzados, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Ángel Norambuena
- Doctorado en Ciencias de Materiales Avanzados, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
- Instituto de Investigaciones y Control del Ejército de Chile (IDIC), Santiago 8370899, Chile
| | - C Arriaza-Echanes
- Doctorado en Ciencias de Materiales Avanzados, Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Claudio A Terraza
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Department of Organic Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820244, Chile
| | - Alain Tundidor-Camba
- Research Laboratory for Organic Polymers (RLOP), Department of Organic Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820244, Chile
| | - Deysma Coll
- Núcleo de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - Pablo A Ortiz
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
- Escuela de Ingeniería en Medio Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
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An S, Shi B, Jiang M, Fu B, Song C, Tao P, Shang W, Deng T. Biological and Bioinspired Thermal Energy Regulation and Utilization. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37162476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The regulation and utilization of thermal energy is increasingly important in modern society due to the growing demand for heating and cooling in applications ranging from buildings, to cooling high power electronics, and from personal thermal management to the pursuit of renewable thermal energy technologies. Over billions of years of natural selection, biological organisms have evolved unique mechanisms and delicate structures for efficient and intelligent regulation and utilization of thermal energy. These structures also provide inspiration for developing advanced thermal engineering materials and systems with extraordinary performance. In this review, we summarize research progress in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, including thermal regulation through insulation, radiative cooling, evaporative cooling and camouflage, and conversion and utilization of thermal energy from solar thermal radiation and biological bodies for vapor/electricity generation, temperature/infrared sensing, and communication. Emphasis is placed on introducing bioinspired principles, identifying key bioinspired structures, revealing structure-property-function relationships, and discussing promising and implementable bioinspired strategies. We also present perspectives on current challenges and outlook for future research directions. We anticipate that this review will stimulate further in-depth research in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, and help accelerate the growth of this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun An
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Boning Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Modi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Benwei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chengyi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Peng Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wen Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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On the evaluation of viscoelastic response of aged PLA/bagasse bio-composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Liu J, Zhang K, Wang H, Lin L, Zhang J, Li P, Zhang Q, Shi J, Cui H. Advances in Micro-/Mesopore Regulation Methods for Plant-Derived Carbon Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204261. [PMID: 36297839 PMCID: PMC9611847 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, renewable and clean energy has become increasingly important due to energy shortage and environmental pollution. Selecting plants as the carbon precursors to replace costly non-renewable energy sources causing severe pollution is a good choice. In addition, owing to their diverse microstructure and the rich chemical composition, plant-based carbon materials are widely used in many fields. However, some of the plant-based carbon materials have the disadvantage of possessing a large percentage of macroporosity, limiting their functionality. In this paper, we first introduce two characteristics of plant-derived carbon materials: diverse microstructure and rich chemical composition. Then, we propose improvement measures to cope with a high proportion of macropores of plant-derived carbon materials. Emphatically, size regulation methods are summarized for micropores (KOH activation, foam activation, physical activation, freezing treatment, and fungal treatment) and mesopores (H3PO4 activation, enzymolysis, molten salt activation, and template method). Their advantages and disadvantages are also compared and analyzed. Finally, the paper makes suggestions on the pore structure improvement of plant-derived carbon materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Beijing Spacecraft Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Junyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Hang Cui
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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