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Acharya DR, Liu S, Lu H, Albashir D, Koirala P, Shi Y, Chen Q. Nanoemulsion-integrated gelatin/bacterial cellulose nanofibril-based multifunctional film: Fabrication, characterization, and application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128341. [PMID: 38029904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The current requirements of food safety regulations and the environmental impact stemming from plastic packaging can only be addressed by developing suitable bio-nanocomposite films. Therefore, this study is dedicated to the fabrication of multifunctional film composed of gelatin, bacterial cellulose nanofibrils (BCNF), and black pepper essential oil nanoemulsion (BPEONE) and application for duck meat preservation. BCNF was prepared through ultrasonication of cellulose derived from Komagataeibacter xylinus. BPEONE observed spherical morphology with a diameter ranging from 83.7 to 118 nm. A film matrix containing a higher gelatin proportion than BCNF was more effective in trapping BPEONE. However, increasing the BPEONE fraction showed more surface abrasion and voids in the film morphology. A flexible film with good interaction, crystallinity, and greater thermal stability (421 °C) was developed. Nevertheless, film hydrophobicity (118.89°) declined, resulting in a notable effect on water solubility, swelling, and water vapor permeability. Moreover, the film had improved antibacterial and antioxidant activities, coupled with controlled release characteristics. Consequently, the developed film effectively retarded the lipid oxidation, inhibited microbial growth, and extended the shelf life of duck meat at refrigeration (4 °C) by 3 days, and made the film a promising alternative in the realm of bio-active packaging technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev Raj Acharya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hongyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Dafaallah Albashir
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Pankaj Koirala
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Qihe Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314100, China.
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Kashcheyeva EI, Korchagina AA, Gismatulina YA, Gladysheva EK, Budaeva VV, Sakovich GV. Simultaneous Production of Cellulose Nitrates and Bacterial Cellulose from Lignocellulose of Energy Crop. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:42. [PMID: 38201707 PMCID: PMC10780700 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study is focused on exploring the feasibility of simultaneously producing the two products, cellulose nitrates (CNs) and bacterial cellulose (BC), from Miscanthus × giganteus. The starting cellulose for them was isolated by successive treatments of the feedstock with HNO3 and NaOH solutions. The cellulose was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis for 2, 8, and 24 h. The cellulose samples after the hydrolysis were distinct in structure from the starting sample (degree of polymerization (DP) 1770, degree of crystallinity (DC) 64%) and between each other (DP 1510-1760, DC 72-75%). The nitration showed that these samples and the starting cellulose could successfully be nitrated to furnish acetone-soluble CNs. Extending the hydrolysis time from 2 h to 24 h led to an enhanced yield of CNs from 116 to 131%, with the nitrogen content and the viscosity of the CN samples increasing from 11.35 to 11.83% and from 94 to 119 mPa·s, respectively. The SEM analysis demonstrated that CNs retained the fiber shape. The IR spectroscopy confirmed that the synthesized material was specifically CNs, as evidenced by the characteristic frequencies of 1657-1659, 1277, 832-833, 747, and 688-690 cm-1. Nutrient media derived from the hydrolyzates obtained in 8 h and 24 h were of good quality for the synthesis of BC, with yields of 11.1% and 9.6%, respectively. The BC samples had a reticulate structure made of interlaced microfibrils with 65 and 81 nm widths and DPs of 2100 and 2300, respectively. It is for the first time that such an approach for the simultaneous production of CNs and BC has been employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina I. Kashcheyeva
- Bioconversion Laboratory, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Russia; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.G.); (V.V.B.)
| | | | | | - Evgenia K. Gladysheva
- Bioconversion Laboratory, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Russia; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.G.); (V.V.B.)
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Kiattipornpithak K, Rachtanapun P, Thanakkasaranee S, Jantrawut P, Ruksiriwanich W, Sommano SR, Leksawasdi N, Kittikorn T, Jantanasakulwong K. Bamboo Pulp Toughening Poly (Lactic Acid) Composite Using Reactive Epoxy Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3789. [PMID: 37765643 PMCID: PMC10537309 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composite with excellent mechanical properties, toughness, thermal stability, and water resistance was developed using a reactive melt-blending technique. PLA was melt mixed with epoxy resin (EPOXY) and bamboo pulp (PULP) to improve its reaction and mechanical properties. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful reaction of the PLA/EPOXY/PULP composites; the epoxy groups of EPOXY reacted with the -COOH groups of PLA and the -OH groups of PULP. The PLA/EPOXY/PULP5 composite showed a high tensile strength (67 MPa) and high toughness of 762 folding cycles, whereas the highest tensile strength was 77 MPa in the PLA/EPOXY5/PULP20 sample. SEM images presented a gap between the PLA and PULP; gap size decreased with the addition of EPOXY. The Tg of the PLA decreased with the EPOXY plasticizer effect, whereas the Tm did not significantly change. PULP induced crystallinity and increased Vicat softening of the PLA/PULP and PLA/EPOXY/PULP composites. The EPOXY reaction of the PLA/PULP composites improved their tensile properties, toughness, thermal stability, and water resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittameth Kiattipornpithak
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
| | - Sarinthip Thanakkasaranee
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Warintorn Ruksiriwanich
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
| | - Thorsak Kittikorn
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Mae-Hea, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (K.K.); (P.R.); (S.T.); (N.L.)
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.J.); (W.R.)
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Shi Z, Peng W, Xiang C, Li L, Xie Q. Neural Network Aided Homogenization Approach for Predicting Effective Thermal Conductivity of Composite Construction Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093322. [PMID: 37176204 PMCID: PMC10179405 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Thermal conductivity is a fundamental material parameter involved in various infrastructure design guides around the world. This paper developed an innovative neural network (NN) aided homogenization approach for predicting the effective thermal conductivity of various composite construction materials. The 2-D meso-structures of dense graded asphalt mixture, porous asphalt mixture, and cement concrete were generated and divided into 2n × 2n square elements with specific thermal conductivity values. A two-layer feed-forward neural network with sigmoid hidden neurons and linear output neurons was built to predict the effective thermal conductivity of the 2 × 2 block. The Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm was used to train the network. By repeatedly using the neural network, the effective thermal conductivities of 2-D meso-structures were calculated. The accuracy of the above NN aided homogenization approach was validated with experiment, and various factors affecting the effective thermal conductivity were analyzed. The analysis results show that the accuracy of the NN aided approach is acceptable with relative errors of 1.92~4.34% for the dense graded asphalt mixture, 1.10~6.85% for the porous asphalt mixture, and 1.13~3.14% for the cement concrete. The relative errors for all the materials are lower than 5% when the heterogeneous structures are divided into 512 × 512 elements. Ignoring the actual material meso-structures may lead to significant errors (134.01%) in predicting the effective thermal conductivity of materials with high heterogeneity such as porous asphalt mixture. While proper simplification is acceptable for dense construction composite materials. The effective thermal conductivity of composite cement-asphalt mixtures increases with higher saturation of grouted material. However, the improvement effect of the high-conductive cement paste on the composite cement-asphalt mixtures could be significantly reduced when the cement paste concentrates at the bottom of the mixture. Cracked aggregates and segregation of material components tend to decrease the effective thermal conductivity of construction materials. The NN aided homogenization approach presented in this paper is useful for selecting the effective thermal conductivity of construction materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Shi
- Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Group Co., Ltd., Changsha 410075, China
| | - Wenyao Peng
- Hunan Pingyi Expressway Construction and Development Co., Ltd., Changsha 410004, China
| | - Chaoqun Xiang
- Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Group Co., Ltd., Changsha 410075, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
| | - Qibin Xie
- Department of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
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