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Zeng L, Kang D, Zhu L, Zhou Z, Li Y, Ling W, Zhang Y, Yu DG, Kim I, Song W. Poly(phenylalanine) and poly(3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine): Promising biomedical materials for building stimuli-responsive nanocarriers. J Control Release 2024; 372:810-828. [PMID: 38968969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a serious threat to human health because of its high annual mortality rate. It has attracted significant attention in healthcare, and identifying effective strategies for the treatment and relief of cancer pain requires urgency. Drug delivery systems (DDSs) offer the advantages of excellent efficacy, low cost, and low toxicity for targeting drugs to tumor sites. In recent decades, copolymer carriers based on poly(phenylalanine) (PPhe) and poly(3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine) (PDopa) have been extensively investigated owing to their good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and controllable stimulus responsiveness, which have resulted in DDSs with loading and targeted delivery capabilities. In this review, we introduce the synthesis of PPhe and PDopa, highlighting the latest proposed synthetic routes and comparing the differences in drug delivery between PPhe and PDopa. Subsequently, we summarize the various applications of PPhe and PDopa in nanoscale-targeted DDSs, providing a comprehensive analysis of the drug release behavior based on different stimulus-responsive carriers using these two materials. In the end, we discuss the challenges and prospects of polypeptide-based DDSs in the field of cancer therapy, aiming to promote their further development to meet the growing demands for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingcong Zeng
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Dandan Kang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Linglin Zhu
- Oncology Department of Huadong Hospital, Minimally Invasive Tumor Treatment Center, No. 139 Yan'an West Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, China 200040
| | - Zunkang Zhou
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Yichong Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Wei Ling
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, PR China
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Il Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenliang Song
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
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2
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Tollemeto M, Ursulska S, Welzen PLW, Thamdrup LHE, Malakpour Permlid A, Li Y, Soufi G, Patiño Padial T, Christensen JB, Hagner Nielsen L, van Hest J, Boisen A. Tailored Polymersomes for Enhanced Oral Drug Delivery: pH-Sensitive Systems for Intestinal Delivery of Immunosuppressants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403640. [PMID: 38963162 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Ensuring precise drug release at target sites is crucial for effective treatment. Here, pH-responsive nanoparticles for oral administration of mycophenolate mofetil, an alternative therapy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease unresponsive to conventional treatments is developed. However, its oral administration presents challenges due to its low solubility in the small intestine and high solubility and absorption in the stomach. Therefore, this aim is to design a drug delivery system capable of maintaining drug solubility compared to the free drug while delaying absorption from the stomach to the intestine. Successful synthesis and assembly of a block copolymer incorporating a pH-responsive functional group is achieved. Dynamic light scattering indicated a significant change in hydrodynamic size when the pH exceeded 6.5, confirming successful incorporation of the pH-responsive group. Encapsulation and controlled release of mycophenolate mofetil are efficiently demonstrated, with 90% release observed at intestinal pH. In vitro cell culture studies confirmed biocompatibility, showing no toxicity or adverse effects on Caco-2 cells. In vivo oral rat studies indicated reduced drug absorption in the stomach and enhanced absorption in the small intestine with the developed formulation. This research presents a promising drug delivery system with potential applications in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tollemeto
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center IDUN, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Sintija Ursulska
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center IDUN, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Pascal L W Welzen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Lasse H E Thamdrup
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center IDUN, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Atena Malakpour Permlid
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center IDUN, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Yudong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Gohar Soufi
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center IDUN, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Tania Patiño Padial
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Jørn B Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Thovaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Line Hagner Nielsen
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center IDUN, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Jan van Hest
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Boisen
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center IDUN, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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Negut I, Bita B. Polymersomes as Innovative, Stimuli-Responsive Platforms for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:463. [PMID: 38675124 PMCID: PMC11053450 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the urgent need for more targeted and less toxic cancer treatments by exploring the potential of multi-responsive polymersomes. These advanced nanocarriers are engineered to deliver drugs precisely to tumor sites by responding to specific stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, hypoxia, and redox conditions, thereby minimizing the side effects associated with traditional chemotherapy. We discuss the design, synthesis, and recent applications of polymersomes, emphasizing their ability to improve therapeutic outcomes through controlled drug release and targeted delivery. Moreover, we highlight the critical areas for future research, including the optimization of polymersome-biological interactions and biocompatibility, to facilitate their clinical adoption. Multi-responsive polymersomes emerge as a promising development in nanomedicine, offering a pathway to safer and more effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Negut
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Bita
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Magurele, Romania;
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania
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4
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Stepanova M, Nikiforov A, Tennikova T, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. Polypeptide-Based Systems: From Synthesis to Application in Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2641. [PMID: 38004619 PMCID: PMC10674432 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic polypeptides are biocompatible and biodegradable macromolecules whose composition and architecture can vary over a wide range. Their unique ability to form secondary structures, as well as different pathways of modification and biofunctionalization due to the diversity of amino acids, provide variation in the physicochemical and biological properties of polypeptide-containing materials. In this review article, we summarize the advances in the synthesis of polypeptides and their copolymers and the application of these systems for drug delivery in the form of (nano)particles or hydrogels. The issues, such as the diversity of polypeptide-containing (nano)particle types, the methods for their preparation and drug loading, as well as the influence of physicochemical characteristics on stability, degradability, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, hemolysis, and immunogenicity of polypeptide-containing nanoparticles and their drug formulations, are comprehensively discussed. Finally, recent advances in the development of certain drug nanoformulations for peptides, proteins, gene delivery, cancer therapy, and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory systems are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Stepanova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Alexey Nikiforov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Tatiana Tennikova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskiy pr. 26, Petergof, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.)
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Gouveia MG, Wesseler JP, Ramaekers J, Weder C, Scholten PBV, Bruns N. Polymersome-based protein drug delivery - quo vadis? Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:728-778. [PMID: 36537575 PMCID: PMC9890519 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00106c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics are an attractive alternative to established therapeutic approaches and represent one of the fastest growing families of drugs. While many of these proteins can be delivered using established formulations, the intrinsic sensitivity of proteins to denaturation sometimes calls for a protective carrier to allow administration. Historically, lipid-based self-assembled structures, notably liposomes, have performed this function. After the discovery of polymersome-based targeted drug-delivery systems, which offer manifold advantages over lipid-based structures, the scientific community expected that such systems would take the therapeutic world by storm. However, no polymersome formulations have been commercialised. In this review article, we discuss key obstacles for the sluggish translation of polymersome-based protein nanocarriers into approved pharmaceuticals, which include limitations imparted by the use of non-degradable polymers, the intricacies of polymersome production methods, and the complexity of the in vivo journey of polymersomes across various biological barriers. Considering this complex subject from a polymer chemist's point of view, we highlight key areas that are worthy to explore in order to advance polymersomes to a level at which clinical trials become worthwhile and translation into pharmaceutical and nanomedical applications is realistic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micael G Gouveia
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Justus P Wesseler
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Jobbe Ramaekers
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Philip B V Scholten
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Nico Bruns
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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6
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Hydrophilic Poly(glutamic acid)-Based Nanodrug Delivery System: Structural Influence and Antitumor Efficacy. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112242. [PMID: 35683914 PMCID: PMC9182916 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(amino acids) have advanced characteristics, including unique secondary structure, enzyme degradability, good biocompatibility, and stimuli responsibility, and are suitable as drug delivery nanocarriers for tumor therapy. The isoform structure of poly(amino acids) plays an important role in their antitumor efficacy and should be researched in detail. In this study, two kinds of pH-sensitive isoforms, including α-poly(glutamic acid) (α-PGA) and γ-PGA, were selected and used as nanocarriers to prepare a nanodrug delivery system. According to the preparation results, α-PGA can be used as an ideal drug carrier. Selecting doxorubicin (DOX) as the model drug, an α-PGA/DOX nanoparticle (α-PGA/DOX NPs) with a particle size of 110.4 nm was prepared, and the drug-loading content was 66.2%. α-PGA/DOX NPs presented obvious sustained and pH-dependent release characteristics. The IC50 value of α-PGA/DOX NPs was 1.06 ± 0.77 μg mL−1, decreasing by approximately 8.5 fold in vitro against 4T1 cells after incubation for 48 h. Moreover, α-PGA/DOX NPs enhanced antitumor efficacy in vivo, the tumor inhibition rate was 67.4%, increasing 1.5 fold over DOX injection. α-PGA/DOX NPs also reduced the systemic toxicity and cardiotoxicity of DOX. In sum, α-PGA is a biosafe nanodrug delivery carrier with potential clinical application prospects.
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Tinajero-Díaz E, Kimmins SD, García-Carvajal ZY, Martínez de Ilarduya A. Polypeptide-based materials prepared by ring-opening polymerisation of anionic-based α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides: A platform for delivery of bioactive-compounds. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Stepanova M, Solomakha O, Rabchinskii M, Averianov I, Gofman I, Nashchekina Y, Antonov G, Smirnov A, Ber B, Nashchekin A, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. Aminated Graphene-Graft-Oligo(Glutamic Acid) /Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Composites: Preparation, Characterization and Biological Evaluation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2628. [PMID: 34451168 PMCID: PMC8401938 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable and biocompatible composites are of great interest as biomedical materials for various regeneration processes such as the regeneration of bones, cartilage and soft tissues. Modification of the filler surface can improve its compatibility with the polymer matrix, and, as a result, the characteristics and properties of composite materials. This work is devoted to the synthesis and modification of aminated graphene with oligomers of glutamic acid and their use for the preparation of composite materials based on poly(ε-caprolactone). Ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride of glutamic acid γ-benzyl ester was used to graft oligomers of glutamic acid from the surface of aminated graphene. The success of the modification was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, the dispersions of neat and modified aminated graphene were analyzed by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering to monitor changes in the characteristics due to modification. The poly(ε-caprolactone) films filled with neat and modified aminated graphene were manufactured and carefully characterized for their mechanical and biological properties. Grafting of glutamic acid oligomers from the surface of aminated graphene improved the distribution of the filler in the polymer matrix that, in turn, positively affected the mechanical properties of composite materials in comparison to ones containing the unmodified filler. Moreover, the modification improved the biocompatibility of the filler with human MG-63 osteoblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Stepanova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Solomakha
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim Rabchinskii
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilia Averianov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Iosif Gofman
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuliya Nashchekina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Grigorii Antonov
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksey Smirnov
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris Ber
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksey Nashchekin
- Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya st. 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
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9
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Reisbeck F, Ozimkovski A, Cherri M, Dimde M, Quaas E, Mohammadifar E, Achazi K, Haag R. Gram Scale Synthesis of Dual-Responsive Dendritic Polyglycerol Sulfate as Drug Delivery System. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:982. [PMID: 33806866 PMCID: PMC8004855 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible polymers with the ability to load and release a cargo at the site of action in a smart response to stimuli have attracted great attention in the field of drug delivery and cancer therapy. In this work, we synthesize a dual-responsive dendritic polyglycerol sulfate (DR-dPGS) drug delivery system by copolymerization of glycidol, ε-caprolactone and an epoxide monomer bearing a disulfide bond (SSG), followed by sulfation of terminal hydroxyl groups of the copolymer. The effect of different catalysts, including Lewis acids and organic bases, on the molecular weight, monomer content and polymer structure was investigated. The degradation of the polymer backbone was proven in presence of reducing agents and candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) enzyme, which results in the cleavage of the disulfides and ester bonds, respectively. The hydrophobic anticancer drug Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded in the polymer and the kinetic assessment showed an enhanced drug release with glutathione (GSH) or CALB as compared to controls and a synergistic effect of a combination of both stimuli. Cell uptake was studied by using confocal laser scanning microscopy with HeLa cells and showed the uptake of the Dox-loaded carriers and the release of the drug into the nucleus. Cytotoxicity tests with three different cancer cell lines showed good tolerability of the polymers of as high concentrations as 1 mg mL-1, while cancer cell growth was efficiently inhibited by DR-dPGS@Dox.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ehsan Mohammadifar
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.R.); (A.O.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (E.Q.)
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.R.); (A.O.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (E.Q.)
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (F.R.); (A.O.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (E.Q.)
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He C, Zhang Z, Ding Y, Xue K, Wang X, Yang R, An Y, Liu D, Hu C, Tang Q. LRP1-mediated pH-sensitive polymersomes facilitate combination therapy of glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:29. [PMID: 33482822 PMCID: PMC7821499 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00751-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most invasive primary intracranial tumor, and its effective treatment is one of the most daunting challenges in oncology. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the main obstacle that prevents the delivery of potentially active therapeutic compounds. In this study, a new type of pH-sensitive polymersomes has been designed for glioblastoma therapy to achieve a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for U87-MG human glioblastoma xenografts in nude mice and significantly increased survival time. RESULTS The Au-DOX@PO-ANG has a good ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and target tumors. This delivery system has pH-sensitivity and the ability to respond to the tumor microenvironment. Gold nanoparticles and doxorubicin are designed as a complex drug. This type of complex drug improve the radiotherapy (RT) effect of glioblastoma. The mice treated with Au-DOX@PO-ANG NPs have a significant reduction in tumor volume. CONCLUSION In summary, a new pH-sensitive drug delivery system was fabricated for the treatment of glioblastoma. The new BBB-traversing drug delivery system potentially represents a novel approach to improve the effects of the treatment of intracranial tumors and provides hope for glioblastoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen He
- Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinan Ding
- Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangli Xue
- Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Xihui Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanli An
- Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunmei Hu
- Department of Tuberculosis, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiusha Tang
- Medical School of Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Designing peptide nanoparticles for efficient brain delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 160:52-77. [PMID: 33031897 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The targeted delivery of therapeutic compounds to the brain is arguably the most significant open problem in drug delivery today. Nanoparticles (NPs) based on peptides and designed using the emerging principles of molecular engineering show enormous promise in overcoming many of the barriers to brain delivery faced by NPs made of more traditional materials. However, shortcomings in our understanding of peptide self-assembly and blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport mechanisms pose significant obstacles to progress in this area. In this review, we discuss recent work in engineering peptide nanocarriers for the delivery of therapeutic compounds to the brain: from synthesis, to self-assembly, to in vivo studies, as well as discussing in detail the biological hurdles that a nanoparticle must overcome to reach the brain.
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12
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Emerging era of “somes”: polymersomes as versatile drug delivery carrier for cancer diagnostics and therapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1171-1190. [PMID: 32504410 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00789-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, polymersomes have been widely investigated for the delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents in cancer therapy. Polymersomes are stable polymeric vesicles, which are prepared using amphiphilic block polymers of different molecular weights. The use of high molecular weight amphiphilic copolymers allows for possible manipulation of membrane characteristics, which in turn enhances the efficiency of drug delivery. Polymersomes are more stable in comparison with liposomes and show less toxicity in vivo. Furthermore, their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, significant biocompatibility, robustness, high colloidal stability, and simple methods for ligands conjugation make polymersomes a promising candidate for therapeutic drug delivery in cancer therapy. This review is focused on current development in the application of polymersomes for cancer therapy and diagnosis. Graphical abstract.
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14
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Abstract
From drug delivery to nanoreactors and protocells, polymersomes have gained considerable interest from researchers due to their novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lefley
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Warwick
- Coventry
- UK
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15
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Zashikhina NN, Yudin DV, Tarasenko II, Osipova OM, Korzhikova-Vlakh EG. Multilayered Particles Based on Biopolyelectrolytes as Potential Peptide Delivery Systems. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x20010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Stepanova M, Averianov I, Serdobintsev M, Gofman I, Blum N, Semenova N, Nashchekina Y, Vinogradova T, Korzhikov-Vlakh V, Karttunen M, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. PGlu-Modified Nanocrystalline Cellulose Improves Mechanical Properties, Biocompatibility, and Mineralization of Polyester-Based Composites. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12203435. [PMID: 31640122 PMCID: PMC6829302 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of biocompatible composite materials is in high demand in many fields such as biomedicine, bioengineering, and biotechnology. In this study, two series of poly (D,L-lactide) and poly (ε-caprolactone)-based films filled with neat and modified with poly (glutamic acid) (PGlu) nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) were prepared. An analysis of scanning electron and atomic force microscopies' results shows that the modification of NCC with poly (glutamic acid) favored the better distribution of the nanofiller in the polymer matrix. Investigating the ability of the developed materials to attract and retain calcium ions led to the conclusion that composites containing NCC modified with PGlu induced better mineralization from model solutions than composites containing neat NCC. Moreover, compared to unmodified NCC, functionalization with PGlu improved the mechanical properties of composite films. The subcutaneous implantation of these composite materials into the backs of rats and the further histological investigation of neighboring tissues revealed the better biocompatibility of polyester materials filled with NCC-PGlu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Stepanova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia.
| | - Ilia Averianov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia.
| | - Mikhail Serdobintsev
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phtysiopulmonology, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Iosif Gofman
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia.
| | - Natalya Blum
- Interregional Laboratory Center, St. Petersburg 192283, Russia.
| | | | - Yuliya Nashchekina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Vinogradova
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phtysiopulmonology, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Viktor Korzhikov-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia.
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Mikko Karttunen
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia.
- Department of Applied Mathematics, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond str., London, ON N5A 5B7, Canada.
- The Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond str., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond str., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
| | - Evgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199004, Russia.
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
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17
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Chemical modification of nanocrystalline cellulose for improved interfacial compatibility with poly(lactic acid). MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Levit M, Zashikhina N, Dobrodumov A, Kashina A, Tarasenko I, Panarin E, Fiorucci S, Korzhikova-Vlakh E, Tennikova T. Synthesis and characterization of well-defined poly(2-deoxy-2-methacrylamido-d-glucose) and its biopotential block copolymers via RAFT and ROP polymerization. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Tarasenko I, Zashikhina N, Guryanov I, Volokitina M, Biondi B, Fiorucci S, Formaggio F, Tennikova T, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. Amphiphilic polypeptides with prolonged enzymatic stability for the preparation of self-assembled nanobiomaterials. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34603-34613. [PMID: 35548620 PMCID: PMC9087002 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06324a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aib residue distribution in Lys/Aib polymers influences the morphology of forming nanoparticles and the rate of their enzymatic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Tarasenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 199004 St Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Natalia Zashikhina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 199004 St Petersburg
- Russia
- Institute of Chemistry
| | - Ivan Guryanov
- Institute of Chemistry
- St Petersburg State University
- 26 Universitetskij Pr
- St Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Maria Volokitina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 199004 St Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Barbara Biondi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- University of Perugia
- 06132 Perugia
- Italy
| | | | - Fernando Formaggio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- University of Perugia
- 06132 Perugia
- Italy
| | - Tatiana Tennikova
- Institute of Chemistry
- St Petersburg State University
- 26 Universitetskij Pr
- St Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Evgenia Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 199004 St Petersburg
- Russia
- Institute of Chemistry
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20
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Macroporous monoliths for biodegradation study of polymer particles considered as drug delivery systems. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:169-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Zashikhina NN, Volokitina MV, Korzhikov-Vlakh VA, Tarasenko II, Lavrentieva A, Scheper T, Rühl E, Orlova RV, Tennikova TB, Korzhikova-Vlakh EG. Self-assembled polypeptide nanoparticles for intracellular irinotecan delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 109:1-12. [PMID: 28735041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this research poly(l-lysine)-b-poly(l-leucine) (PLys-b-PLeu) polymersomes were developed. It was shown that the size of nanoparticles depended on pH of self-assembly process and varied from 180 to 650nm. The biodegradation of PLys-b-PLeu nanoparticles was evaluated using in vitro polypeptide hydrolysis in two model enzymatic systems, as well as in human blood plasma. The experiments on the visualization of cellular uptake of rhodamine 6g-loaded and fluorescein-labeled nanoparticles were carried out and the possibility of their penetration into the cells was approved. The cytotoxicity of polymersomes obtained was tested using three cell lines, namely, HEK, NIH-3T3 and A549. It was shown that tested nanoparticles did not demonstrate any cytotoxicity in the concentrations up to 2mg/mL. The encapsulation of specific to colorectal cancer anti-tumor drug irinotecan into developed nanocontainers was performed by means of pH gradient method. The dispersion of drug-loaded polymersomes in PBS was stable at 4°C for a long time (at least 1month) without considerable drug leakage. The kinetics of drug release was thoroughly studied using two model enzymatic systems, human blood serum and PBS solution. The approximation of irinotecan release profiles with different mathematical drug release models was carried out and allowed identification of the release mechanism, as well as the morphological peculiarities of developed particles. The dependence of encapsulation efficiency, as well as maximal loading capacity, on initial drug concentration was studied. The maximal drug loading was found as 320±55μg/mg of polymersomes. In vitro anti-tumoral activity of irinotecan-loaded polymersomes on a colon cancer cell line (Caco-2) was measured and compared to that for free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Zashikhina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M V Volokitina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V A Korzhikov-Vlakh
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I I Tarasenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Lavrentieva
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - T Scheper
- Institute for Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - E Rühl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - R V Orlova
- Medical Faculty, Saint-Petersburg State University, Line 22, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T B Tennikova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - E G Korzhikova-Vlakh
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
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22
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Vdovchenko AA, Hubina AV, Vlakh EG, Tennikova TB. Self-assembled polymer particles based on thermoresponsive biodegradable copolymers of amino acids. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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23
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Vlakh EG, Grachova EV, Zhukovsky DD, Hubina AV, Mikhailova AS, Shakirova JR, Sharoyko VV, Tunik SP, Tennikova TB. Self-assemble nanoparticles based on polypeptides containing C-terminal luminescent Pt-cysteine complex. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41991. [PMID: 28155880 PMCID: PMC5290470 DOI: 10.1038/srep41991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing attention to the luminescent nanocarriers is strongly stimulated by their potential application as drug delivery systems and by the necessity to monitor their distribution in cells and tissues. In this communication we report on the synthesis of amphiphilic polypeptides bearing C-terminal phosphorescent label together with preparation of nanoparticles using the polypeptides obtained. The approach suggested is based on a unique and highly technological process where the new phosphorescent Pt-cysteine complex serves as initiator of the ring-opening polymerization of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides to obtain the polypeptides bearing intact the platinum chromophore covalently bound to the polymer chain. It was established that the luminescent label retains unchanged its emission characteristics not only in the polypeptides but also in more complicated nanoaggregates such as the polymer derived amphiphilic block-copolymers and self-assembled nanoparticles. The phosphorescent nanoparticles display no cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity in the tested range of concentrations and easily internalize into living cells that makes possible in vivo cell visualization, including prospective application in time resolved imaging and drug delivery monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. G. Vlakh
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E. V. Grachova
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D. D. Zhukovsky
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A. V. Hubina
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A. S. Mikhailova
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - J. R. Shakirova
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V. V. Sharoyko
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S. P. Tunik
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T. B. Tennikova
- Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Universitetsky pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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