1
|
Kosloski-Oh S, Knight KD, Fieser ME. Enhanced Control of Isoprene Polymerization with Trialkyl Rare Earth Metal Complexes through Neutral Donor Support. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9464-9477. [PMID: 38063304 PMCID: PMC11134520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of catalysts for stereospecific polymerization of 1,3-dienes is an area of interest due to the robust nature of poly(1,3-diene)s' physical and mechanical properties, as well as the material's versatility in many applications. Dialkyl rare earth metal complexes supported by a diverse cast of ligand frameworks are selective for the polymerization of 1,3-dienes and are an exciting option for examination. However, development in this area has been hampered by the focus on complex catalyst systems that are costly to make. In this study, we synthesize a series of simple homoleptic trialkyl rare earth metal precatalysts and highlight their efficacy for isoprene polymerization using 1 or 2 equiv of [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4] activator. We investigated the addition of commercially available in situ donors, leading to the identification of triphenylphosphine as an ideal support to enhance the dispersity control and prevent loss of catalyst activity. We demonstrated how the activation and reaction conditions, including the order/time of reagent addition and donor electronics, had a major impact on the rate, control, and selectivity for the polymerization of 1,3-dienes. Further interrogation of the catalyst system signals the crucial role of triphenylphosphine in providing enhanced stability and control in this living catalyst system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia
C. Kosloski-Oh
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Kai D. Knight
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Megan E. Fieser
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Wrigley
Institute for Environment and Sustainability, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shao H, Pandharkar R, Cramer CJ. Factors Affecting the Mechanism of 1,3-Butadiene Polymerization at Open Metal Sites in Co-MFU-4l. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Riddhish Pandharkar
- Department of Chemistry, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, James Franck Institute, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Christopher J. Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, Minnesota Supercomputing Institute and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, Illinois 60026, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Edeleva M, Van Steenberge PH, Sabbe MK, D’hooge DR. Connecting Gas-Phase Computational Chemistry to Condensed Phase Kinetic Modeling: The State-of-the-Art. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3027. [PMID: 34577928 PMCID: PMC8467432 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, quantum chemical calculations (QCC) have increased in accuracy, not only providing the ranking of chemical reactivities and energy barriers (e.g., for optimal selectivities) but also delivering more reliable equilibrium and (intrinsic/chemical) rate coefficients. This increased reliability of kinetic parameters is relevant to support the predictive character of kinetic modeling studies that are addressing actual concentration changes during chemical processes, taking into account competitive reactions and mixing heterogeneities. In the present contribution, guidelines are formulated on how to bridge the fields of computational chemistry and chemical kinetics. It is explained how condensed phase systems can be described based on conventional gas phase computational chemistry calculations. Case studies are included on polymerization kinetics, considering free and controlled radical polymerization, ionic polymerization, and polymer degradation. It is also illustrated how QCC can be directly linked to material properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Edeleva
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (P.H.M.V.S.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Paul H.M. Van Steenberge
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (P.H.M.V.S.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Maarten K. Sabbe
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (P.H.M.V.S.); (M.K.S.)
- Industrial Catalysis and Adsorption Technology (INCAT), Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dagmar R. D’hooge
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium; (P.H.M.V.S.); (M.K.S.)
- Centre for Textile Science and Engineering (CTSE), Ghent University, Technologiepark 70a, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Makwana UC, Gupta V. Trans-1,4-polybutadiene: Influences of Lewis bases on polymerization of butadiene with supported titanium catalyst systems. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2021.1953385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh C. Makwana
- Reliance Technology Group, Hazira Manufacturing Division, Reliance Industries Limited (RIL), Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Virendrakumar Gupta
- Reliance Research & Development Centre, Reliance Corporate Park, Reliance Industries Limited (RIL), Navi, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Basalova OA, Tolpygin AO, Kovylina TA, Cherkasov AV, Fukin GK, Trifonov AA. Bis(tetramethylaluminate) Lanthanide Complexes Supported by Bi- and Tridentate Amidinate Ligands: Performance in Isoprene Polymerization. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olesya A. Basalova
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Aleksei O. Tolpygin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Organoelement compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana A. Kovylina
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton V. Cherkasov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Georgy K. Fukin
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Trifonov
- Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, GSP-445, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Organoelement compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A computational study of isoprene polymerization catalyzed by iminopyridine-supported iron complexes: Ligand-controlled selectivity. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
7
|
Schmidt BVKJ. Trends in Polymers 2017/2018: Polymer Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 12:E39. [PMID: 31881763 PMCID: PMC7023566 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer synthesis is a substantial area in polymer science and marks the starting point for all sorts of polymer materials that have a plethora of applications in everyday life but also in academic research [...].
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu J, Min X, Zhang X, Zhu X, Wang Z, Wang T, Fan X. A novel synthetic strategy for styrene-butadiene-styrene tri-block copolymer with high cis-1,4 units via changing catalytic active centres. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190536. [PMID: 31312502 PMCID: PMC6599772 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A styrene-butadiene-styrene tri-block copolymer (SBS) with a high cis-1,4 unit content (greater than 97%) was synthesized by a novel synthetic strategy based on changing the catalytic active centres using n-butyllithium and a nickel-based catalyst. Firstly, styrene was polymerized via anionic polymerization using butyllithium as the initiator (Li, activity centre Li) at 50°C. The obtained alkylated macroinitiator (PSLi) was aged with nickel naphthenate (Ni) and boron trifluoride etherate (B) to prepare a second reactive centre (Ni-F), which was used to initiate the polymerization of butadiene (Bd). Finally, triphenyl phosphine (PPh3) was added to adjust the electron density of the third active centre (P-Ni-F), and styrene monomer was added again to synthesize the second polystyrene block to obtain SBS. The polymerization technique presented here is simple and has an efficient initiation effect due to the high initiation activities for the different monomers. It also exhibits excellent control over the stereo-structure of the butadiene segments in the prepared copolymers, and the SBS polymers with high cis-1,4 unit content were easily achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Catalytic Foundation and Application, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Min
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuzhong Zhu
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Zichao Wang
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wang
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710129, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu J, Min X, Zhu X, Wang Z, Wang T, Fan X. A New Synthesis Strategy on Styrene-Butadiene Di-Block Copolymer Containing High cis-1,4 Unit Via Transfer of Anionic to Coordination Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E195. [PMID: 30960178 PMCID: PMC6418940 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel synthesis strategy on styrene-butadiene di-block copolymer (PS-b-PB) with high cis-1,4 unit content was developed, based on a transfer technique from anionic to coordination polymerization. Firstly, the styrene monomer was initiated by n-butyllithium (Li) utilizing anionic polymerization at 50 °C, which resulted in a macromolecular alkylating initiator (PSLi). Secondly, PSLi was aged with nickel naphthenate (Ni) and boron trifluoride etherate (B) for obtaining a complex catalyst system (Ni/PSLi/B). Then, Ni/PSLi/B was applied to initiate the butadiene (Bd) polymerization. Following this new strategy, a series of PS-b-PBs were successfully synthesized. The experimental results indicated that under the molar ratio combination of [Li]/[Ni] = 5 and [B]/[Li] = 1, styrene-butadiene di-block copolymers could be easily achieved with high cis-1,4 unit content (>97%) and controlled molecular weight as well as narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn < 1.5). Furthermore, the copolymer's block ratio could also be effectively controlled by controlling the two components' monomer feed ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- School of material scienece and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China.
| | - Xin Min
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiuzhong Zhu
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Zichao Wang
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiaodong Fan
- Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
11
|
Trans-1,4- stereospecific copolymerization of isoprene and butadiene catalyzed by TiCl4/MgCl2 type Ziegler-Natta catalyst II. Copolymerization Kinetics and Mechanism. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
12
|
Zhou G, Kang X, Wang X, Hou Z, Luo Y. Theoretical Investigations of Isoprene Polymerization Catalyzed by Cationic Half-Sandwich Scandium Complexes Bearing a Coordinative Side Arm. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangli Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- College
of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Xingbao Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Organometallic
Chemistry Laboratory and RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang J, Yu Y, Qu J, Luo Y. Effects of nucleophilic ligands on the chain initiation efficiency of polar monomer polymerizations catalyzed by 2-methoxyethylaminobis(phenolate)yttrium complexes: a DFT study. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:16993-16999. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04011c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations suggest that less steric hindrance and a good orbital match induced by nucleophilic ligands are beneficial to the chain initiation of ROP and GTP, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jimin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| |
Collapse
|