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Yong Y, Gu Y, Nabeel Ahmad H, Wang L, Wang R, Zhu J. Design and characterization of tannic acid/ε-polylysine biocomposite packaging films with excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties for beef preservation. Food Chem 2024; 439:138155. [PMID: 38081095 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The shelf life of beef is shortened by microbial infection, which limits its supply in the market. Active packaging film is expected to overcome this difficulty. In this study, an antibacterial/antioxidant SS-ε-PL-TA biocomposite film made by soy protein isolate/sodium alginate/ε-polylysine/tannic acid was designed and prepared. Due to the formation of hydrogen bonds and enhanced hydrophobic interactions, the biocomposite film showed enhanced mechanical property. Tensile strength increased from 22.8 ± 2.59 MPa to 64.34 ± 6.22 MPa, and elongation at break increased from 7.70 ± 1.07 % to 13.98 ± 0.22 %. The composite film displayed excellent antibacterial activity owing to the damage to cell membranes and biofilms of bacteria. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity also significantly increased (DPPH ∙ scavenging activity was 78.0 %). The shelf life of beef covered with the SS-ε-PL-TA film was extended by 3 days compared to the control group by decreasing lipid oxidation and inhibiting bacterial growth, showing a good application potential in food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyuan Yong
- Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Meat Science, National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Meat Science, National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hafiz Nabeel Ahmad
- Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Meat Science, National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lining Wang
- Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Meat Science, National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Laboratory of Meat Quality Analysis and Products Development, Ningxia Xihaigu Institute of High-end Cattle Industry, Haiyuan Hairun Agricultural Company, Haiyuan, Ningxia 755299, China.
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2
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Research on the Properties of Zein, Soy Protein Isolate, and Wheat Gluten Protein-Based Films Containing Cellulose Nanocrystals. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193010. [PMID: 36230085 PMCID: PMC9562208 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant protein films are a research hotpot in the current food packaging field for their renewable and bio-compatibility, and further improving the physicochemical properties of plant protein films in combination with biodegradable materials is of great significance. In this study, we selected cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) to modify the protein films with soybean protein isolate (SPI), wheat gluten protein (WGP), and Zein, and the physicochemical properties were studied. The results showed that the hardness and opacity of Zein-based films decreased by 16.61% and 54.12% with the incorporation of CNC, respectively. The SPI-based films performed with lower hardness and higher tensile strength. The thickness and opacity of WGP-based films increased by 39.76% and 214.38% after combination with CNC, respectively. Accordingly, this study showed that CNC could largely modify the physicochemical properties of the plant protein films, which provided a reference for the preparation of modified plant protein films using biodegradable materials.
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3
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Pickering emulsions synergistically stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals and peanut protein isolate. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Jafarzadeh S, Forough M, Amjadi S, Javan Kouzegaran V, Almasi H, Garavand F, Zargar M. Plant protein-based nanocomposite films: A review on the used nanomaterials, characteristics, and food packaging applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9667-9693. [PMID: 35522084 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2070721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Consumer demands to utilize environmentally friendly packaging have led researchers to develop packaging materials from naturally derived resources. In recent years, plant protein-based films as a replacement for synthetic plastics have attracted the attention of the global food packaging industry due to their biodegradability and unique properties. Biopolymer-based films need a filler to show improved packaging properties. One of the latest strategies introduced to food packaging technology is the production of nanocomposite films which are multiphase materials containing a filler with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. This review provides the recent findings on plant-based protein films as biodegradable materials that can be combined with nanoparticles that are applicable to food packaging. Moreover, it investigates the characterization of nanocomposite plant-based protein films/edible coatings. It also briefly describes the application of plant-based protein nanocomposite films/coating on fruits/vegetables, meat and seafood products, and some other foods. The results indicate that the functional performance, barrier, mechanical, optical, thermal and antimicrobial properties of plant protein-based materials can be extended by incorporating nanomaterials. Recent reports provide a better understanding of how incorporating nanomaterials into plant protein-based biopolymers leads to an increase in the shelf life of food products during storage time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Jafarzadeh
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mehrdad Forough
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sajed Amjadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Almasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farhad Garavand
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Masoumeh Zargar
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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5
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Wong SK, Supramaniam J, Wong TW, Soottitantawat A, Ruktanonchai UR, Tey BT, Tang SY. Synthesis of bio-inspired cellulose nanocrystals-soy protein isolate nanoconjugate for stabilization of oil-in-water Pickering emulsions. Carbohydr Res 2021; 504:108336. [PMID: 33964507 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of hybrid polysaccharide-protein complexes as Pickering emulsion stabilizers has attracted increasing research interest in recent years. This work presents an eco-friendly surface modification strategy to functionalize hydrophilic cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) using hydrophobic soy protein isolate (SPI) via mussel adhesive-inspired poly (l-dopa) (PLD) to develop improved nanoconjugates as stabilizers for oil-in-water Pickering emulsion. The physicochemical properties of the CNC-PLD-SPI nanoconjugate were evaluated by solid-state 13C NMR, FT-IR, TGA, XRD, contact angle analysis, and TEM. The modified CNC (conjugation content of 38.22 ± 1.21%) had lowered crystallinity index, higher thermal stability, and more hydrophobic than unmodified CNC, with an average particle size of 309.9 ± 8.0 nm. Use of amphiphilic CNC-PLD-SPI nanoconjugate with greater conformational flexibility as Pickering stabilizer produced oil-in-water emulsions with greater physical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- See Kiat Wong
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Janarthanan Supramaniam
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tin Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Apinan Soottitantawat
- Center of Excellence in Particle and Materials Processing Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Beng Ti Tey
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siah Ying Tang
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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6
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Conductive Biomass Films Containing Graphene Oxide and Cationic Cellulose Nanofibers for Electric-Heating Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051187. [PMID: 33946309 PMCID: PMC8145431 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A low-voltage biomass matrix and flexible electric-heating composite with graphene oxide (GO) and cationic cellulose nanofiber (CCNF) were fabricated by ultrasonic dispersion and suction filtration. The main results show that the tensile strength and strain of the films decreased with an increase in the GO content, but the thermal stability increased. The GO/CCNF film underwent rapid thermal decomposition at 250–350 °C, and the maximum degradation temperature was higher by 19 °C compared to that of the pure CCNF film. It was found that the electrical conductivity increased from 0.013 to 2.96 S/cm with an increase in the GO content from 20 to 60 wt%, resulting in an increase in the power density from 122 to 2456 W/m2. The films could rapidly attain the temperature within 50 s, and the heat transferred by radiation and convection was 21.62 mW/°C, thereby exhibiting excellent electric heating response. Moreover, the film demonstrated a stable electric-heating cycle after a 12.5 h cycling test and meets the requirements of low-temperature electric heating products under the 36 V electric safety limit, which expands the potential applications of biomass-derived cellulose nanofibers.
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7
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Trache D, Thakur VK, Boukherroub R. Cellulose Nanocrystals/Graphene Hybrids-A Promising New Class of Materials for Advanced Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1523. [PMID: 32759691 PMCID: PMC7466521 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the growth of global fossil-based resource consumption and the environmental concern, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable and environmentally friendly materials, which exhibit promising properties and could maintain an acceptable level of performance to substitute the petroleum-based ones. As elite nanomaterials, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) derived from natural renewable resources, exhibit excellent physicochemical properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility and have attracted tremendous interest nowadays. Their combination with other nanomaterials such as graphene-based materials (GNM) has been revealed to be useful and generated new hybrid materials with fascinating physicochemical characteristics and performances. In this context, the review presented herein describes the quickly growing field of a new emerging generation of CNC/GNM hybrids, with a focus on strategies for their preparation and most relevant achievements. These hybrids showed great promise in a wide range of applications such as separation, energy storage, electronic, optic, biomedical, catalysis and food packaging. Some basic concepts and general background on the preparation of CNC and GNM as well as their key features are provided ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djalal Trache
- Energetic Materials Laboratory, Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic Processes, Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP 17, Bordj El-Bahri, 16046 Algiers, Algeria
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Institut d’Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN-UMR CNRS 8520), University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520—IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France;
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8
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Cellulose Nanocrystals Derived from Textile Waste through Acid Hydrolysis and Oxidation as Reinforcing Agent of Soy Protein Film. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040958. [PMID: 32326030 PMCID: PMC7240655 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 10 million tons of textile waste are disposed through landfill every year in North America. The disposal of textile waste via landfill or incineration causes environmental problems and represents a waste of useful resources. In this work, we explored the possibility to directly extract cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from untreated textile waste through two methods, namely sulfuric acid hydrolysis and three-step oxidization. CNCs with cellulose Iβ crystalline structure and rod-like shape were successfully obtained. The aspect ratios of CNCs prepared from acid hydrolysis and oxidization were 10.00 ± 3.39 and 17.10 ± 12.85, respectively. Their application as reinforcing agent of soybean protein isolate (SPI) film was evaluated. With the addition of 20% CNCs, the composite film maintained the high transparency, while their water vapor barrier property, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus were significantly improved. This research demonstrates a promising approach to recycle textile waste, and more value-added applications based on the derived CNCs could be expected.
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9
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Mu R, Hong X, Ni Y, Li Y, Pang J, Wang Q, Xiao J, Zheng Y. Recent trends and applications of cellulose nanocrystals in food industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Chen J, Fu L, Li Y, Yang X, Wang B, Xu C, Li T. Interactions in N-[(2-hydroxyl)-propyl-3-trimethyl ammonium] chitosan chloride/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose based films. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2019.1666014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Qilu University of Technology – Shandong Academy of Science , Ji’nan , PR China
| | - Lirong Fu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Qilu University of Technology – Shandong Academy of Science , Ji’nan , PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Qilu University of Technology – Shandong Academy of Science , Ji’nan , PR China
| | - Xiaodeng Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Qilu University of Technology – Shandong Academy of Science , Ji’nan , PR China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Qilu University of Technology – Shandong Academy of Science , Ji’nan , PR China
| | - Chunlin Xu
- Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University , Turku , Finland
| | - Tianduo Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Qilu University of Technology – Shandong Academy of Science , Ji’nan , PR China
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11
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Beyranvand S, Gholami MF, Tehrani AD, Rabe JP, Adeli M. Construction and Evaluation of a Self-Calibrating Multiresponse and Multifunctional Graphene Biosensor. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:10461-10474. [PMID: 31330106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, many studies have been focused on the development of graphene-based biosensors. However, they rely on one type of signal and need to be calibrated by other techniques. In this study, a nonenzymatic graphene-based biosensor has been designed and constructed. Its ability to detect glucose and Escherichia coli by three different types of signals has been investigated. For its preparation, dopamine-functionalized polyethylene glycol and 2,5-thiophenediylbisboronic acid were conjugated onto the surface of graphene sheets by nitrene [2 + 1] cycloaddition and condensation reactions, respectively. Multivalent interactions between boronic acid segments and biosystems consequently increased the quantifiable fluorescence emission and UV absorption of dopamine segments. Additionally, changing the electrochemical behavior of the functionalized graphene sheets was possible and resulted in a measurable output signal. Conjugation of mannose onto the surface of the biosensor improved its magnitude of signals and specificity for sensing E. coli in a complex medium. The efficiency and accuracy of each signal was monitored by others, which resulted in a real-time self-calibrating biosensor. Taking advantage of the versatility of the three different indicators, including florescence, UV, and electrochemistry, the functionalized graphene sheets have been used as self-regulating biosensors to detect a variety of biosystems with a high accuracy and specificity in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Beyranvand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Lorestan University , Khorramabad , Iran
| | - Mohammad F Gholami
- Department of Physics and IRIS Adlershof , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Abbas D Tehrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Lorestan University , Khorramabad , Iran
| | - Jürgen P Rabe
- Department of Physics and IRIS Adlershof , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Lorestan University , Khorramabad , Iran
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12
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Zubair M, Ullah A. Recent advances in protein derived bionanocomposites for food packaging applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:406-434. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1534800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Jin S, Li K, Li J. Nature-Inspired Green Procedure for Improving Performance of Protein-Based Nanocomposites via Introduction of Nanofibrillated Cellulose-Stablized Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes Hybrid. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E270. [PMID: 30966305 PMCID: PMC6415091 DOI: 10.3390/polym10030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soy protein isolate (SPI) provides a potential alternative biopolymer source to fossil fuels, but improving the mechanical properties and water resistance of SPI composites remains a huge challenge. Inspired by the synergistic effect of natural nacre, we developed a novel approach to fabricate high-performance SPI nanocomposite films based on 2D graphene (G) nanosheets and 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) using a casting method. The introduction of web-like NFC promoted the uniform dispersion of graphene/CNTs in the biopolymer matrix, as well as a high extent of cross-linkage combination between the fillers and SPI matrix. The laminated and cross-linked structures of the different nanocomposite films were observed by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) images. Due to the synergistic interactions of π⁻π stacking and hydrogen bonding between the nanofillers and SPI chains, the tensile strength of SPI/G/CNT/NFC film significantly increased by 78.9% and the water vapor permeability decreased by 31.76% in comparison to neat SPI film. In addition, the ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) light barrier performance, thermal stability, and hydrophobicity of the films were significantly improved as well. This bioinspired synergistic reinforcing strategy opens a new path for constructing high-performance nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Kuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jianzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Wood Materials Science and Utilization, Beijing Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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