Thermal Radiation and MHD Effects in the Mixed Convection Flow of Fe3O4–Water Ferrofluid towards a Nonlinearly Moving Surface

Impact of variable thermal conductivity on flow of trihybrid nanofluid over a stretching surface

The present article describes the impact of variable thermal conductivity on the flow of ternary hybrid nanofluid with cylindrical shape nanoparticles over a stretching surface. Three nanoparticles combine in base fluid polymer. The assumption made will be used to model an equations. Modeled equations are in the form of a system of partial differential equations are difficult to solve can be converted to system of an ordinary differential equations, through resemblance substitutions, and will be solved numerically. Numerical scheme of Runge-Kutta order four is coupled with the shooting method to solve the resulting equations. The graphs in the study illustrate how physical quantities, such as magnetic field, injection/suction, nanoparticles volume fraction, and variable thermal conductivity, affected the velocity, skin friction, temperature, and local Nusselt number. The velocity profiles deflate as the volume fraction rises. While the temperature rises with an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles for both injection and suction, the velocity profiles also decline as the injection and suction parameter increases. Furthermore, as the magnetic field increases, the temperature profile rises while the velocity profile falls. The temperature curves increase as thermal conductivity increases. Finally, as the magnetic field is strengthened, the Nusselt number and skin friction decrease. The combination of mathematical modeling, numerical solution techniques, and the analysis of physical quantities contributes to the advancement of knowledge in this ternary hybrid nanofluid.

Heat transfer characteristics of magnetized hybrid ferrofluid flow over a permeable moving surface with viscous dissipation effect

Hybrid ferrofluid is a unique heat transfer fluid because it can be magnetically controlled and ideal in various applications. Further exploration to unleash its potential through studying heat transfer and boundary layer flow is crucial, especially in solving the thermal efficiency problem. Hence, this research focuses on the numerical examination of flow behaviour and heat transfer attributes of magnetized hybrid ferrofluid Fe3O4-CoFe2O4/water across a permeable moving surface considering the mutual effects of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), viscous dissipation, and suction/injection. The problem was represented by the Tiwari and Das model with duo magnetic nanoparticle hybridization; magnetite Fe3O4 and cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 immersed in water. The governing equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity variables and solved with bvp4c MATLAB. A dual solution is obtained, and via stability analysis, the first solution is stable and physically reliable. The significant influence of governing effects on the temperature and velocity profiles, the local skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are analyzed and visually shown. The surge-up value of suction and CoFe2O4 ferroparticle volume concentration enhances the local skin friction coefficient and heat transfer rate. Additionally, the magnetic parameter and Eckert number reduced the heat transfer. Using a 1% volume fraction of Fe3O4 and CoFe2O4; the hybrid ferrofluid's convective heat transfer rate was shown to be superior to mono-ferrofluid and water by enhancing 2.75% and 6.91%, respectively. This present study also suggests implying a greater volume concentration of CoFe2O4 and lessening the magnetic intensity to maintain the laminar flow phase.

Non-Newtonian Nano-Fluids in Blasius and Sakiadis Flows Influenced by Magnetic Field

Current study solves heat transfer and fluid flow problem in Newtonian and non-Newtonian nano-fluids through a permeable surface with a magnetic field effects which is done in the presence of injection and suction for the first time. In order to solve the governing partial differential equations numerically, we used the Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF45) technique in which the similarity transformation method is applied. This approach converts the governing partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations. In this particular investigation nano-particles of copper, copper oxide, titanium dioxide, and aluminium oxide are studied by considering CMC/water as a base fluid with the effect of magnetic field on the classical Blasius and Sakiadis flows of nano-fluids. Validation is carried out using the previously obtained numerical findings. We looked at the power-law index (n), the volume fraction (φ) of nano-particles and the permeability parameter (fw) which affects the flow of nano-fluid and the transfer of heat. Non-Newtonian nano-fluid demonstrates superior performance in terms of heat transfer when compared to Newtonian nano-fluid in both the injection and the impermeable surfaces. Altering the nano-particles' composition, on the other hand, has a far greater impact on the heat transfer process that occurs during suction. Graphics show the impacts of governing physical parameters on Blasius and Sakiadis flow velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient, and reduced Nusselt number. Physical and engineering interest are explored in detail.

On the Analysis of the Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow Past a Stretching/Shrinking Permeable Surface with Heat and Mass Transfer

The 3D Carreau fluid flow through a porous and stretching (shrinking) sheet is examined analytically by taking into account the effects of mass transfer, thermal radiation, and Hall current. The model equations, which consist of coupled partial differential equations (PDEs), are simplified to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through appropriate similarity relations. The analytical procedure of HAM (homotopy analysis method) is employed to solve the coupled set of ODEs. The functional dependence of the hydromagnetic 3D Carreau fluid flow on the pertinent parameters are displayed through various plots. It is found that the x-component of velocity gradient (f′(η)) enhances with the higher values of the Hall and shrinking parameters (m,ϱ), while it reduces with magnetic parameter and Weissenberg number (M,We). The y-component of fluid velocity (g(η)) rises with the augmenting values of m and M, while it drops with the augmenting viscous nature of the Carreau fluid associated with the varying Weissenberg number. The fluid temperature θ(η) enhances with the increasing values of radiation parameter (Rd) and Dufour number (Du), while it drops with the rising Prandtl number (Pr). The concentration field (ϕ(η)) augments with the rising Soret number (Sr) while drops with the augmenting Schmidt number (Sc). The variation of the skin friction coefficients (Cfx and Cfz), Nusselt number (Nux) and Sherwood number (Shx) with changing values of these governing parameters are described through different tables. The present and previous published results agreement validates the applied analytical procedure.

Shape effect on MHD flow of time fractional Ferro-Brinkman type nanofluid with ramped heating

The colloidal suspension of nanometer-sized particles of Fe3O4 in traditional base fluids is referred to as Ferro-nanofluids. These fluids have many technological applications such as cell separation, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, heat dissipation, damping, and dynamic sealing. Due to the massive applications of Ferro-nanofluids, the main objective of this study is to consider the MHD flow of water-based Ferro-nanofluid in the presence of thermal radiation, heat generation, and nanoparticle shape effect. The Caputo-Fabrizio time-fractional Brinkman type fluid model is utilized to demonstrate the proposed flow phenomenon with oscillating and ramped heating boundary conditions. The Laplace transform method is used to solve the model for both ramped and isothermal heating for exact solutions. The ramped and isothermal solutions are simultaneously plotted in the various figures to study the influence of pertinent flow parameters. The results revealed that the fractional parameter has a great impact on both temperature and velocity fields. In the case of ramped heating, both temperature and velocity fields decreasing with increasing fractional parameter. However, in the isothermal case, this trend reverses near the plate and gradually, ramped, and isothermal heating became alike away from the plate for the fractional parameter. Finally, the solutions for temperature and velocity fields are reduced to classical form and validated with already published results.

Darcy-Forchheimer MHD Hybrid Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis over a Porous Stretching Cylinder

This research work deals with investigation of the thermal characteristics of the Darcy–Forchheimer hydromagnetic hybrid nanofluid (Al2O3-Cu/H2O) flow through a permeable stretching cylinder. The model equations, which consist of continuity, momentum, and energy equations, are converted to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations through similarity variables transformations and appropriate boundary conditions. Brownian motion and Thermophoresis effects are mainly focused in this work. The impacts of some interesting parameters over velocity, temperature, and concentrations profiles are graphically studied. The present study will be helpful in understanding the thermal characteristics of heat transfer liquids.