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Sheetal, Pal J. Removal of lead ions from aqueous solution by modified nanocellulose. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:570. [PMID: 38778004 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals significantly impact the environment due to their non-biodegradable, toxic, and carcinogenic behaviors. Lead contaminants impose severe health impacts on humans and the water environment. Therefore, eco-friendly and efficient lead ion removal practices such as nanotechnology are an urgent requirement for the abatement of lead pollution. In the present study, nanocellulose was synthesized from the cotton straw residue using chemical methods and modified with titanium dioxide to form a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite synthesized was characterized by using FTIR, XRD, FESEM, and BET. FTIR results noticed peaks at 1648.43 and 1443.57 cm-1 for cellulose and Ti-O-Ti bonding at 505.02 cm-1. The nanocomposite was noticed to be disordered and irregular in shape. The nanocomposite has particle sizes of 83 nm. The nanocomposite crystalline particle had 65% anatase and 32% rutile phases observed from the XRD result. BET results show that the surface area of nanocellulose increases after surface modification from 25.692 to 42.510 m2/g. The adsorption capacity of the nanocomposite was 0.552 mg/g was noticed. The Elovich kinetic and Baudu isotherms are the best-fitted models for lead ion adsorption. Thermodynamic parameters resulted in Gibbs free energy decreasing with temperature. This study revealed that modified cellulosic adsorbents efficiently absorbed lead ions derived from cotton straws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Jitender Pal
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India.
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Rashid M, Rehman R, E Al-Hazemi M, Jahangir MM, T Al-Thagafi Z, I Alsantali R, Akram M. Process optimization of adsorptive phytoremediation of mutagenic brilliant green dye for health risk management using chemically activated Symplocos racemosa agro-waste. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:626-638. [PMID: 37735932 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2259987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Textile industries use large amounts of water as well as dyes. These dyes containing water are then discharged into the water bodies causing a significant role in water pollution. Brilliant Green dye contributes to many harmful diseases related to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. In this study, Symplocos racemosa (SR) agro-waste was chemically treated with acid (SR-HCl) and base (SR-NaOH) and then used for removing Brilliant Green Dye (BGD) on the batch scale. They were characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, TGA and DSC. Optimized conditions were 30 °C temperature, pH 6, adsorbent dose of 0.10 g/25 ml dye solution, shaking speed of 100 revolutions per minute, initial dye concentration of 50 ppm and 35 min time for shaking adsorbent and dye solution. Adsorption data obtained were analyzed using isotherms. The experimental data was found to fit well with the Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of BGD on the SR, SR-HCl, and SR-NaOH was revealed to be 62.90, 65.40, and 71 mg/g respectively. Kinetic data (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order) were evaluated and adsorption tends to follow the pseudo-2nd-order, which indicated the chemisorption mechanism. The results revealed that Symplocos racemosa agro-waste can be considered as the potential biosorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rashid
- Centre for Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Rehman
- Centre for Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maha E Al-Hazemi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Art at khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Zahrah T Al-Thagafi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehwish Akram
- Institute of Geology, University of the Punjab, Lahore,- Pakistan
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Vázquez-Sánchez AY, Lima EC, Abatal M, Tariq R, Santiago AA, Alfonso I, Aguilar C, Vazquez-Olmos AR. Biosorption of Pb(II) Using Natural and Treated Ardisia compressa K. Leaves: Simulation Framework Extended through the Application of Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm. Molecules 2023; 28:6387. [PMID: 37687217 PMCID: PMC10490334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the effects of solution pH, biosorbent dose, contact time, and temperature on the Pb(II) biosorption process of natural and chemically treated leaves of A. compressa K. (Raw-AC and AC-OH, respectively). The results show that the surface characteristics of Raw-AC changed following alkali treatment. FT-IR analysis showed the presence of various functional groups on the surface of the biosorbent, which were binding sites for the Pb(II) biosorption. The nonlinear pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to be the best fitted to the experimental kinetic data. Adsorption equilibrium data at pH = 2-6, biosorbents dose from 5 to 20 mg/L, and temperature from 300.15 to 333.15 K were adjusted to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. The results show that the adsorption capacity was enhanced with the increase in the solution pH and diminished with the increase in the temperature and biosorbent dose. It was also found that AC-OH is more effective than Raw-AC in removing Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. This was also confirmed using artificial neural networks and genetic algorithms, where it was demonstrated that the improvement was around 57.7%. The nonlinear Langmuir isotherm model was the best fitted, and the maximum adsorption capacities of Raw-AC and AC-OH were 96 mg/g and 170 mg/g, respectively. The removal efficiency of Pb(II) was maintained approximately after three adsorption and desorption cycles using 0.5 M HCl as an eluent. This research delved into the impact of solution pH, biosorbent characteristics, and operational parameters on Pb(II) biosorption, offering valuable insights for engineering education by illustrating the practical application of fundamental chemical and kinetic principles to enhance the design and optimization of sustainable water treatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Y. Vázquez-Sánchez
- Área Agroindustrial Alimentaria, Universidad Tecnológica de Xicotepec de Juárez, Av. Universidad Tecnológica No. 1000. Col. Tierra Negra Xicotepec de Juárez, Puebla 73080, Mexico;
| | - Eder C. Lima
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, P.O. Box 15003, Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil;
| | - Mohamed Abatal
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, Campeche 24115, Mexico
| | - Rasikh Tariq
- Institute for the Future of Education, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Arlette A. Santiago
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex. Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia 58190, Mexico;
| | - Ismeli Alfonso
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex. Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia 58190, Mexico;
| | - Claudia Aguilar
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, Calle 56 No. 4 Av. Concordia, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche 24180, Mexico;
| | - América R. Vazquez-Olmos
- Instituto de Ciencias aplicadas y Tecnología, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70-186, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
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Xing T, Wu Y, Wang Q, Sadrnia A, Behmaneshfar A, Dragoi EN. Adsorption of ibuprofen using waste coffee derived carbon architecture: Experimental, kinetic modeling, statistical and bio-inspired optimization. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116223. [PMID: 37245577 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals in water are a growing environmental concern, as they can harm aquatic life and human health. To address this issue, an adsorbent made from coffee waste that effectively removes ibuprofen (a common pharmaceutical pollutant) from wastewater was developed. The experimental adsorption phase was planned using a Design of Experiments approach with Box-Behnken strategy. The relation between the ibuprofen removal efficiency and various independent variables, including adsorbent weight (0.01-0.1 g) and pH (3-9), was evaluated via a regression model with 3-level and 4-factors using the Response surface methodology (RSM) . The optimal ibuprofen removal was achieved after 15 min using 0.1 g adsorbent at 32.4 °C and pH = 6.9. Moreover, the process was optimized using two powerful bio-inspired metaheuristics (Bacterial Foraging Optimization and Virus Optimization Algorithm). The adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics of ibuprofen onto waste coffee-derived activated carbon were modeled at the identified optimal conditions. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were implemented to investigate adsorption equilibrium, and thermodynamic parameters were also calculated. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the adsorbent's maximum adsorption capacity was 350.00 mg g-1 at 35 °C. The findings revealed that the ibuprofen adsorption was well-matched with the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous sites. The computed positive enthalpy value showed the endothermic nature of ibuprofen adsorption at the adsorbate interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xing
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yingji Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Quanliang Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Abdolhossein Sadrnia
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Ali Behmaneshfar
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
| | - Elena Niculina Dragoi
- "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Bld D. Mangeron No 73, 700050, Iasi, Romania.
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Tran TY, Verma S, Younis SA, Kim KH. Zinc-doped titanium oxynitride as a high-performance adsorbent for formaldehyde in air. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131203. [PMID: 36958182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The potential utility of titanium oxynitride doped with 5% zinc (ZnTON) has been investigated as an adsorbent for the treatment of gaseous formaldehyde (FA) using a fixed-bed adsorption system. The adsorption capacity of ZnTON, when estimated at 10%/100% breakthrough (BT) levels from a dry feed gas consisting of 10 Pa FA, was far superior to two reference materials (i.e., commercial P25-TiO2 and activated carbon (AC)) by factors of 1.7/1.3 and 10/2.5, respectively. The adsorption capacity of ZnTON increased with the increase in the initial feeding concentration of FA (5-12.5 Pa), while decreasing with the rising temperature (25-100 oC). An increase in moisture level (0-100% relative humidity) also led to 5.4- and 2.5-fold reductions in adsorption capacity of ZnTON at 10% and 100% BT levels, respectively. Thermodynamically, the adsorption of FA onto ZnTON is an exothermic (ΔHo = - 9.69 kJ.mol-1) to be feasible in nature based on physisorption mechanism. Further, the adsorption of FA onto ZnTON was governed by surface interactions and monolayer surface coverage (Van der Waal's force/electrostatic attraction), as it obeyed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Regeneration tests indicated a positive effect of moisture on FA desorption and durability of ZnTON (i.e., over three adsorption-desorption cycles). This study offers valuable mechanistic insights into the synthesis of an advanced adsorbent for the efficient removal of hazardous volatile organic compounds under near-ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Yen Tran
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Swati Verma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sherif A Younis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, 04763, Republic of Korea; Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Durian Waste Husks as an Adsorbent in Improving Soaking Water during the Retting Process of Piper nigrum L. (Pepper Berries). SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of raw durian husk and NaOH-modified durian husk as an adsorbent, using different doses, 0.5 g, 1.0 g, 1.5 g, and 2.0 g, is investigated to improve soaking water of pepper berries during the retting process. The surface area and the pore size of the durian husk were examined using Brunner Emmett and Teller analysis. The surface area of NaOH-modified durian husk is higher (2.33 m2/g) compared to the raw durian husk (1.51 m2/g). NaOH-modified durian husk has a higher porous structure than the raw durian husk, but both pore diameters are more than 50 nm, which is considered micropore raw material. The effect of the raw durian husk on pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved oxygen (DO), and turbidity were compared to the NaOH-modified durian husk with different doses. The 2.0 g of NaOH-modified durian husk enhanced changes in the four parameters. The highest pH value using NaOH-modified durian husk was 6.10 ± 0.02, while turbidity and COD increased to 971.33 ± 1.15 NTU and 1984.67 ± 3.21 mg/L, respectively. The DO of NaOH-modified durian husk shows the lowest reduction to 1.49 mg/L with 2.0 g of NaOH-modified durian husk. The experimental data was best fitted with a first-order kinetic model. Durian husk treated with NaOH could be used as a potential adsorbent to enhance the soaking water for pepper berries.
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Biosorption of Methylene Blue using Clove Leaves Waste Modified with Sodium Hydroxide. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2023.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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8
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Lavado-Meza C, De la Cruz-Cerrón L, Cisneros-Santos G, De la Cruz AH, Angeles-Suazo J, Dávalos-Prado JZ. Arabica-coffee and teobroma-cocoa agro-industrial waste biosorbents, for Pb(II) removal in aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:2991-3001. [PMID: 35934741 PMCID: PMC9892121 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Agro-industrial waste biosorbents of arabica-coffee (WCA) and theobroma-cocoa (WCT) have been characterized and tested to remove Pb(II) from aqueous media. The maximum adsorption capacity of WCA and WCT (qmax = 158.7 and 123.5 mg·g-1, respectively) is comparable or even higher than for several other similar agro-industrial waste biosorbents reported in the literature. Structural and morphological characterization were performed by infrared spectrometry with Fourier transform (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and charge measurements at the zero point charge (pHPZC). Both biosorbents, WCA and WCT, show cracked surfaces with heterogeneous plates which ones include functional adsorption groups such as OH, C = O and C-O-C. Optimal Pb(II) adsorption occurs for a pH between 4 and 5 at [WCA] and [WCT] dose concentrations of 2 g·L-1. We found that the adsorption process follows pseudo-second order kinetics with a rapid growth rate (almost six times larger for WCA than for WCT), basically controlled by the chemisorption process. The regeneration of both biosorbents was carried out in an eluent of 0.1M HNO3 and they can be efficiently reused up to 5 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmencita Lavado-Meza
- Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central Juan Santos Atahualpa, Av. Perú 612, Chanchamayo, Perú.
| | - Leonel De la Cruz-Cerrón
- Facultad de Ingeniería de Sistemas, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Av. Mariscal Castilla No 3909, Huancayo, Perú
| | - Gregorio Cisneros-Santos
- Escuela Profesional de Administración de Negocios Internacionales, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central Juan Santos Atahualpa, Av. Peru 612, Chanchamayo, Perú
| | - Alex H De la Cruz
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Peruana Unión, Carretera Central Km 19.5, Ñaña, Perú
| | - Julio Angeles-Suazo
- Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Av. Arequipa 265, Lima, Perú
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Lavado-Meza C, De la Cruz-Cerrón L, Lavado-Puente C, Angeles-Suazo J, Dávalos-Prado JZ. Efficient Lead Pb(II) Removal with Chemically Modified Nostoc commune Biomass. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010268. [PMID: 36615462 PMCID: PMC9821834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A new biosorbent based on Nostoc commune (NC) cyanobacteria, chemically modified with NaOH (NCM), has been prepared, characterized and tested as an effective biomass to remove Pb(II) in aqueous media. The adsorption capacity of NCM was determined to be qe = 384.6 mg g−1. It is higher than several other biosorbents reported in the literature. Structural and morphological characterization were performed by FTIR, SEM/EDX and point zero of charge pH (pHPZC) measurements. NCM biosorbent showed more porous surfaces than those NC with heterogeneous plates including functional adsorption groups such as OH, C = O, COO−, COH or NH. Optimal Pb(II) adsorption occurred at pH 4.5 and 5.5 with a biomass dose of 0.5 g L−1. The experimental data of the adsorption process were well fitted with the Freundlich-isotherm model and pseudo-2nd order kinetics, which indicated that Pb(II) adsorption was a chemisorption process on heterogeneous surfaces of NCM. According to the thermodynamic parameters, this process was exothermic (∆H0 < 0), feasible and spontaneous (∆G0 < 0). NCM can be regenerated and efficiently reused up to 4 times (%D > 92%). NCM was also tested to remove Pb (%R~98%) and Ca (%R~64%) from real wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmen Lavado-Puente
- Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central, Chanchamayo 12856, Peru
| | - Julio Angeles-Suazo
- Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 15046, Peru
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Chemical Modification of Neem (Azadirachta indica) Biomass as Bioadsorbent for Removal of Pb2+ Ion from Aqueous Waste Water. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7813513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, neem biomass (a mixture of neem leaf and bark), obtained from the matured neem tree, which is an eco-friendly and low-cost material was selected as a bioadsorbent to remove lead metal ion (Pb2+) from aqueous solutions. Neem biomass-based bioadsorbent having a carboxylic group was prepared by activation using chemical modification by NaOH and citric acid with a very simple method. The optimal activation conditions were determined as 37 min, 120°C, in 0.73 M citric acid, with a sample/acid ratio of 1/100 (mass/volume). To determine the basic properties such as chemical structure, porosity, and surface properties of the neem biomass (NB) and chemically modified neem biomass (CMNB), they were characterized by BET, FTIR, SEM, XRD, and pHpzc methods. It was observed that activation has improved the adsorption capacity of the NB and also caused a more amorphous structure. The effects of adsorption parameters such as pH (2–7), contact time (10–110 min), initial Pb2+ ion concentration (100–300 g/L), and bioadsorbent dosage (01–1.1 g/L) on percentage removal of Pb2+ ion were studied. Maximum removal of Pb2+ ion (97.29%) was recorded at 0.9 g/L bioadsorbent dosage, 50 min contact time, pH of 6, and initial metal ion concentration of 100 mg/L. Kinetics and isotherm studies showed that the adsorption mechanism of Pb2+ ion using CMNB follows pseudosecond-order while isotherm studies fit with both models but, relatively, Freundlich model better fit having a little higher
. The outcome specifies that the modified bioadsorbent can be utilized as a good and low-cost alternative for the treatment of effluent containing lead (II) ions in water.
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Al-Jadir T, Alardhi SM, Al-Sheikh F, Jaber AA, Kadhim WA, Rahim MHA. Modeling of lead (II) ion adsorption on multiwall carbon nanotubes using artificial neural network and Monte Carlo technique. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2022.2129622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thaer Al-Jadir
- Environment Research Center, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Saja Mohsen Alardhi
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Farooq Al-Sheikh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Alaa Abdulhady Jaber
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Wafaa A Kadhim
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pahang, Malaysia
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Chowdhury IR, Chowdhury S, Mazumder MAJ, Al-Ahmed A. Removal of lead ions (Pb 2+) from water and wastewater: a review on the low-cost adsorbents. APPLIED WATER SCIENCE 2022; 12:185. [PMID: 35754932 PMCID: PMC9213643 DOI: 10.1007/s13201-022-01703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The presence of lead compounds in the environment is an issue. In particular, supply water consumption has been reported to be a significant source of human exposure to lead compounds, which can pose an elevated risk to humans. Due to its toxicity, the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) have classified lead (Pb) and its compounds as probable human carcinogens. The European Community Directive and World Health Organization have set the maximum acceptable lead limits in tap water as 10 µg/L. The USEPA has a guideline value of 15 µg/L in drinking water. Removal of lead ions from water and wastewater is of great importance from regulatory and health perspectives. To date, several hundred publications have been reported on the removal of lead ions from an aqueous solution. This study reviewed the research findings on the low-cost removal of lead ions using different types of adsorbents. The research achievements to date and the limitations were investigated. Different types of adsorbents were compared with respect to adsorption capacity, removal performances, sorbent dose, optimum pH, temperature, initial concentration, and contact time. The best adsorbents and the scopes of improvements were identified. The adsorption capacity of natural materials, industrial byproducts, agricultural waste, forest waste, and biotechnology-based adsorbents were in the ranges of 0.8-333.3 mg/g, 2.5-524.0 mg/g, 0.7-2079 mg/g, 0.4-769.2 mg/g, and 7.6-526.0 mg/g, respectively. The removal efficiency for these adsorbents was in the range of 13.6-100%. Future research to improve these adsorbents might assist in developing low-cost adsorbents for mass-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Rahman Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakhawat Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Al-Ahmed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261 Saudi Arabia
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Oladoye PO. Natural, low-cost adsorbents for toxic Pb(II) ion sequestration from (waste)water: A state-of-the-art review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132130. [PMID: 34517237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pb(II) ions is an inorganic pollutant that is present in the environment. Its presence affects both human health and ecosystem. Economically, amongst many wastewater treatment approaches, adsorption is both cheap and environmentally friendly for removing Pb(II) ion from contaminated water. In this state of the art review, about 227 research and review based publications on adsorption-based studies between 1989 and 2021, which have used various materials as adsorbents of Pb (II) ions, were selected and reviewed for more evaluation. A number of adsorbents which have been reported in these literatures for the adsorption of Pb(II) ion are agrobased, modified agrobased, clay minerals, modified/nanocomposite clay minerals, silica-based, zeolite-based and chitosan-based adsorbents, respectively. The adsorption potential of the adsorbents is exhibited under optimum experimental conditions. The unmodified and modified agro based adsorbents were shown to exhibit the greatest Pb(II) adsorption capacity, with great potential for further exploration, compared to the others afore-listed. The effects of operating parameters such as pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and reaction time are discussed. Furthermore, in order to comprehend the nature of adsorption process between the adsorbent and contaminant (Pb(II)), thermodynamic analyses of adsorption systems are intensively described. All these discussions revealed the applicability of adsorption process for toxic Pb(II) ions removal with respect to wastewater treatment techniques. The review concludes by commenting on the various adsorbents' adsorption capacity and proposes some studies that should also be considered in future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Olusakin Oladoye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA; Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B, 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
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Temperature Impact on Reverse Osmosis Permeate Flux in the Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w14010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis technique was applied in removing hexavalent chromium ions from artificial wastewater. Different operating conditions were studied to monitor the separation process using commercial Reverse Osmosis BW30XFR membrane. Different concentrations of hexavalent chromium; 5, 30, and 100 ppm were tested. Samples were subjected to incrementally increasing operating pressure; 10, 30, and 45 bar and flow rates; 2.2, 3.4, and 4.5 L/min under various temperatures; 25, 35, 45, and 55 °C. Collected permeate and concentrations were measured after each experiment using a UV spectrophotometer. Results obtained presented a higher rejection percentage at lower feed concentrations with a value up to 99.8% for 5 ppm in comparison to 94.3% for 30 ppm and 77.2% for 100 ppm concentration due to concentration polarization; however, it showed no effect of increasing operating flow rates. Moreover, the increase in feed temperature from 25 to 55 °C had positively increased permeate flux to more than 300 times. The permeate flux at 25 °C is recorded for all tested samples in the range of 30 to 158 kg/h·m2, this range has risen at 55 °C under the same conditions to the range of 70 to 226 kg/h·m2, indicating alteration within the membrane pore size due to temperature increase and high applied pressure concluding high sensitivity of polymeric membranes towards changing permeate flow rate with increasing temperatures.
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15
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Zhu W, Yang Z, Yasin A, Liu Y, Zhang L. Preparation of Poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide/starch) Composite and Its Adsorption Properties for Mercury (II). MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123277. [PMID: 34198504 PMCID: PMC8231955 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide/starch) composite was synthesized by solution polymerization, aiming to adsorb mercury (II) in water. The resulted copolymer was characterized by particle size exclusion chromatography (SEC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering particle size analyzer (DLS). It turned out that starch was successfully incorporated with the macromolecular polymer matrix and played a key role for improving the performance of the composites. These characterization results showed that the graft copolymer exhibited narrow molecular weight distribution, rough but uniform morphology, good thermal stability and narrow particle size distribution. The graft copolymer was used to remove Hg(II) ions from aqueous solution. The effects of contact time, pH value, initial mercury (II) concentration and temperature on the adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions were researched. It was found that after 120 min of interaction, poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide/starch) composite achieved the maximum adsorption capacity of 19.23 mg·g−1 to Hg(II) ions with initial concentration of 15 mg·L−1, pH of 5.5 at 45 °C. Compared with other studies with the same purpose, the composites synthesized in this study present high adsorption properties for Hg(II) ion in dilute solution. The adsorption kinetics of Hg(II) on the poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide/starch) composite fits well with the pseudo second order model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Xinjiang University of Engineering, Urumqi 830026, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Xinjiang University of Engineering, Urumqi 830026, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Akram Yasin
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Letao Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Xinjiang University of Engineering, Urumqi 830026, China; (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
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