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Cui Z, Du F, Yu W, Wang Z, Kong F, Xie Z, Zhao Q, Zhang H, Wang H, Fan H, Ren L. Alterations of mouse gut microbiome in alveolar echinococcosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32860. [PMID: 38988523 PMCID: PMC11234002 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) may affect the composition of the host's gut microbiota, potentially disrupting the balance between the gut microbiota and metabolites. Metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics were employed to characterize changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites in mouse models infected with E. multilocularis. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to compare the distribution of microbiota and metabolites, revealing synergistic or mutually exclusive relationships. Functional outputs of the gut microbiota were explored using the CAZy database and six enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism were identified with statistically significant differential expression between infected and control groups. The resistome was characterized by identifying antibiotic resistance genes annotated in the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database from the metagenomes of the groups. Firmicutes are the main carrier of ARGs in the host gut with tetQ being most prevalent. Antibiotic efflux, inactivation and target modification were the principal mechanisms of resistance. Comparison and analysis of two sets of antibiotic metabolic pathways allowed the identification of enzyme reactions unique to infected mice. KEGG pathway overview shows phenazine biosynthesis involving phzG to be one of them. In conclusion, infection with AE in mice leads to an overall disruption of gut microbiota and metabolites with the involvement of enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, antibiotic-resistance genes may play a role in disease progression, offering potential insights into the relationship between antibiotic use in AE and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Department of Postgraduate, Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Fei Du
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Department of Postgraduate, Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Wenhao Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Fanyu Kong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Zhi Xie
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Hanxi Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Haijiu Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Haining Fan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Qinghai, 810001, China
- Qinghai Research Key Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Qinghai, 810001, China
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Ye Q, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Ouyang Z, Feng Y, Hu J, Su X, Chen N, Chen Y, Tan L, Feng Y, Guo Y. Prevotella, a dominant bacterium in young people with stage Ⅲ periodontitis, related to the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105316. [PMID: 38423169 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTS As periodontitis progresses, the oral microbiome changes dynamically. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dominant bacteria of adults with stage III periodontitis and investigate potential pathways related to the dominant bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS 16S rRNA sequencing was carried out to detect the differences in the oral microbiome between adult with stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅲ periodontitis and find the dominant bacteria in each group. The inhibitor of the predominant pathway for stage Ⅲ periodontitis was used to investigate the role of the dominant bacteria in periodontitis in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the α-diversity between the two groups. The results of β-diversity showed that the samples were divided into different groups according to the stage of periodontitis. The dominant bacteria in youths with stage Ⅲ periodontitis was Prevotella and may be related to the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. Administration of SKF-86002 suppressed the expression of inflammation mediators in vivo and vitro. CONCLUSIONS Prevotella was the one dominant bacteria in young people with stage Ⅲ periodontitis and was related to the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ye
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Zeyue Ouyang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaolin Su
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Ningxin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Yunzhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China.
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Digital Oral and Maxillofacial Defect Repair, Changsha, China; Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Changsha, China.
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3
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Liu J, Chen Q, Su R. Interplay of human gastrointestinal microbiota metabolites: Short-chain fatty acids and their correlation with Parkinson's disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37960. [PMID: 38669388 PMCID: PMC11049718 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are, the metabolic byproducts of intestinal microbiota that, are generated through anaerobic fermentation of undigested dietary fibers. SCFAs play a pivotal role in numerous physiological functions within the human body, including maintaining intestinal mucosal health, modulating immune functions, and regulating energy metabolism. In recent years, extensive research evidence has indicated that SCFAs are significantly involved in the onset and progression of Parkinson disease (PD). However, the precise mechanisms remain elusive. This review comprehensively summarizes the progress in understanding how SCFAs impact PD pathogenesis and the underlying mechanisms. Primarily, we delve into the synthesis, metabolism, and signal transduction of SCFAs within the human body. Subsequently, an analysis of SCFA levels in patients with PD is presented. Furthermore, we expound upon the mechanisms through which SCFAs induce inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, abnormal aggregation of alpha-synuclein, and the intricacies of the gut-brain axis. Finally, we provide a critical analysis and explore the potential therapeutic role of SCFAs as promising targets for treating PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Liu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qi Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Ruijun Su
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Trautmann A, Schleicher L, Koch A, Günther J, Steuber J, Seifert J. A shift towards succinate-producing Prevotella in the ruminal microbiome challenged with monensin. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200121. [PMID: 36444514 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The time-resolved impact of monensin on the active rumen microbiome was studied in a rumen-simulating technique (Rusitec) with metaproteomic and metabolomic approaches. Monensin treatment caused a decreased fibre degradation potential that was observed by the reduced abundance of proteins assigned to fibrolytic bacteria and glycoside hydrolases, sugar transporters and carbohydrate metabolism. Decreased proteolytic activities resulted in reduced amounts of ammonium as well as branched-chain fatty acids. The family Prevotellaceae exhibited increased resilience in the presence of monensin, with a switch of the metabolism from acetate to succinate production. Prevotella species harbour a membrane-bound electron transfer complex, which drives the reduction of fumarate to succinate, which is the substrate for propionate production in the rumen habitat. Besides the increased succinate production, a concomitant depletion of methane concentration was observed upon monensin exposure. Our study demonstrates that Prevotella sp. shifts its metabolism successfully in response to monensin exposure and Prevotellaceae represents the key bacterial family stabilizing the rumen microbiota during exposure to monensin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Trautmann
- HoLMiR - Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lena Schleicher
- HoLMiR - Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ariane Koch
- Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Günther
- Core Facility Spectroscopy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Steuber
- HoLMiR - Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jana Seifert
- HoLMiR - Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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Mitchell KE, Lee C, Socha MT, Kleinschmit DH, Firkins JL. Supplementing branched-chain volatile fatty acids in dual-flow cultures varying in dietary forage and corn oil concentrations. III: Protein metabolism and incorporation into bacterial protein. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7566-7577. [PMID: 37641344 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-23193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Some cellulolytic bacteria cannot transport branched-chain AA (BCAA) and do not express complete synthesis pathways, thus depending on cross-feeding for branched-chain volatile fatty acid (BCVFA) precursors for membrane lipids or for reductive carboxylation to BCAA. Our objective was to assess BCVFA uptake for BCAA synthesis in continuous cultures administered high forage (HF) and low forage (LF) diets without or with corn oil (CO). We hypothesized that BCVFA would be used for BCAA synthesis more in the HF than in LF diets. To help overcome bacterial inhibition by polyunsaturated fatty acids in CO, BCVFA usage for bacterial BCAA synthesis was hypothesized to decrease when CO was added to HF diets. The study was an incomplete block design with 8 dual-flow fermenters used in 4 periods with 8 treatments (n = 4) arranged as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial. The factors were: HF or LF (67 or 33% forage, 33:67 alfalfa:orchardgrass pellets), without or with supplemental CO (3% of dry matter), and without or with 2.15 mmol/d (5 mg/d 13C) each of isovalerate, isobutyrate, and 2-methylbutyrate for one combined BCVFA treatment. The flow of bacterial BCAA increased by 10.7% by supplementing BCVFA and 9.14% with LF versus HF; similarly, dosing BCVFA versus without BCVFA increased BCAA by 1.98% in total bacterial AA, whereas LF increased BCAA by 1.92% versus HF. Additionally, BCVFA supplementation increased bacterial AA flow by 16.6% when supplemented in HF - CO and 12.4% in LF + CO diets, but not in the HF + CO (-1.5%) or LF - CO (+6.7%) diets (Diet × CO × BCVFA interaction). The recovery of 13C in bacterial AA flow was 31% lower with LF than with HF. Of the total 13C recovered in bacteria, 13.8, 17.3, and 30.2% were recovered in Val, Ile, and Leu, respectively; negligible 13C was recovered in other AA. When fermenters were dosed with BCVFA, nonbacterial and total effluent flows of AA, particularly of alanine and proline, suggest decreased peptidolysis. Increased ruminal outflow of bacterial AA, especially BCAA, but also nonbacterial AA could potentially support postabsorptive responses from BCVFA supplementation to dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - M T Socha
- Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN 55344
| | | | - J L Firkins
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43035
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6
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Mitchell KE, Wenner BA, Lee C, Park T, Socha MT, Kleinschmit DH, Firkins JL. Supplementing branched-chain volatile fatty acids in dual-flow cultures varying in dietary forage and corn oil concentrations. I: Digestibility, microbial protein, and prokaryotic community structure. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7530-7547. [PMID: 37532627 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-23165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Branched-chain amino acids are deaminated by amylolytic bacteria to branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA), which are growth factors for cellulolytic bacteria. Our objective was to determine the dietary conditions that would increase the uptake of BCVFA by rumen bacteria. We hypothesized that increased forage would increase cellulolytic bacterial abundance and incorporation of BCVFA into their structure. Supplemental polyunsaturated fatty acids, supplied via corn oil (CO), should inhibit cellulolytic bacteria growth, but we hypothesized that additional BCVFA would alleviate that inhibition. Further, supplemental BCVFA should increase neutral detergent fiber degradation and efficiency of bacterial protein synthesis more with the high forage and low polyunsaturated fatty acid dietary combination. The study was an incomplete block design with 8 dual-flow continuous cultures used in 4 periods with 8 treatments (n = 4 per treatment) arranged as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial. The factors were: high forage (HF) or low forage (LF; 67 or 33%), without or with supplemental CO (3% dry matter), and without or with 2.15 mmol/d (which included 5 mg/d of 13C each of BCVFA isovalerate, isobutyrate, and 2-methylbutyrate). The isonitrogenous diets consisted of 33:67 alfalfa:orchardgrass pellet, and was replaced with a concentrate pellet that mainly consisted of ground corn, soybean meal, and soybean hulls for the LF diet. The main effect of supplementing BCVFA increased neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability by 7.6%, and CO increased NDF degradability only in LF diets. Supplemental BCVFA increased bacterial N by 1.5 g/kg organic matter truly degraded (6.6%) and 0.05 g/g truly degraded N (6.5%). The relative sequence abundance decreased with LF for Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and genus Butyrivibrio compared with HF. Recovery of the total 13C dose in bacterial pellets decreased from 144 µg/ mg with HF to 98.9 µg/ mg with LF. Although isotope recovery in bacteria was greater with HF, BCVFA supplementation increased NDF degradability and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis under all dietary conditions. Therefore, supplemental BCVFA has potential to improve feed efficiency in dairy cows even with dietary conditions that might otherwise inhibit cellulolytic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B A Wenner
- Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN 46140
| | - C Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - T Park
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea 17546
| | - M T Socha
- Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN 55344
| | | | - J L Firkins
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43035
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Modrego J, Ortega-Hernández A, Goirigolzarri J, Restrepo-Córdoba MA, Bäuerl C, Cortés-Macías E, Sánchez-González S, Esteban-Fernández A, Pérez-Villacastín J, Collado MC, Gómez-Garre D. Gut Microbiota and Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Are Linked to Evolution of Heart Failure Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13892. [PMID: 37762194 PMCID: PMC10530267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of direct evidence regarding gut microbiota dysbiosis and changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in heart failure (HF) patients. We sought to assess any association between gut microbiota composition, SCFA production, clinical parameters, and the inflammatory profile in a cohort of newly diagnosed HF patients. In this longitudinal prospective study, we enrolled eighteen newly diagnosed HF patients. At admission and after 12 months, blood samples were collected for the assessment of proinflammatory cytokines, monocyte populations, and endothelial dysfunction, and stool samples were collected for analysis of gut microbiota composition and quantification of SCFAs. Twelve months after the initial HF episode, patients demonstrated improved clinical parameters and reduced inflammatory state and endothelial dysfunction. This favorable evolution was associated with a reversal of microbiota dysbiosis, consisting of the increment of health-related bacteria, such as genus Bifidobacterium, and levels of SCFAs, mainly butyrate. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. In vitro, fecal samples collected after 12 months of follow-up exhibited lower inflammation than samples collected at admission. In conclusion, the favorable progression of HF patients after the initial episode was linked to the reversal of gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased SCFA production, particularly butyrate. Whether restoring butyrate levels or promoting the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria could serve as a complementary treatment for these patients deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Modrego
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Adriana Ortega-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
| | - Josebe Goirigolzarri
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
| | - María Alejandra Restrepo-Córdoba
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
| | - Christine Bäuerl
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Erika Cortés-Macías
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Silvia Sánchez-González
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
| | | | - Julián Pérez-Villacastín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Interhospitalaria Cardiovascular, 28008 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Collado
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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İncili GK, Akgöl M, Karatepe P, Üner S, Tekin A, Kanmaz H, Kaya B, Çalicioğlu M, Hayaloğlu AA. Quantification of Bioactive Metabolites Derived from Cell-Free Supernatant of Pediococcus acidilactici and Screening their Protective Properties in Frankfurters. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10147-6. [PMID: 37642896 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The specific aims of the current study were to determine and quantify the bioactive compounds derived from the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Pediococcus acidilactici and screen their protective effect in frankfurters by applying an edible coating. This was achieved by immersing the peeled frankfurters in the CFS (CFS: 50% and 100%) alone or in combination with chitosan (CH: 0.5% and 1%) solutions for 3 min. Untreated frankfurter samples (control) exceeded the maximum acceptable total viable count limit (7.0 log10) on the 14th day, whereas samples treated with 100% CFS + 1% chitosan reached the limit on day 28 during refrigerated storage (P < 0.05). This treatment provided a 14-day extension to the shelf life of frankfurters without causing any significant changes in color and sensory attributes (P > 0.05). Additionally, this treatment inhibited oxidation in the frankfurters, leading to no significant changes in TBA and TVB-N within this group during storage (P > 0.05). This protective effect was mainly attributed to the wide variety of bioactive compounds identified in the CFS, including a total of 5 organic acids, 20 free amino acids, 11 free fatty acids, 77 volatiles, and 10 polyphenols. Due to these bioactive compounds, CFS exhibited a strong radical scavenging capacity (DPPH: 435.08 TEAC/L, ABTS: 75.01 ± 0.14 mg TEAC/L; FRAP: 1.30 ± 0.03 mM FE/L) and antimicrobial activity against microorganisms primarily responsible for the spoilage of frankfurters. In conclusion, the results indicate that the CFS contains high levels of bioactive metabolites, and an edible chitosan coating impregnated with CFS can be utilized to extend the shelf life of frankfurters through its antimicrobial effects and oxidation stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Kürşad İncili
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazıg, Turkey.
| | - Müzeyyen Akgöl
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - Pınar Karatepe
- Food Processing Department, Keban Vocational School, Fırat University, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - Sefa Üner
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Ali Tekin
- Food Processing Department, Keban Vocational School, Fırat University, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - Hilal Kanmaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Büşra Kaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Çalicioğlu
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - Ali Adnan Hayaloğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Sun CS, Zhou LY, Liang QY, Wang XM, Lei YX, Xu ZX, Wang FQ, Chen GJ, Du ZJ, Mu DS. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as potential resuscitation factors that promote the isolation and culture of uncultured bacteria in marine sediments. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:400-414. [PMID: 37637259 PMCID: PMC10449756 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-023-00187-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Many marine bacteria are difficult to culture because they are dormant, rare or found in low-abundances. Enrichment culturing has been widely tested as an important strategy to isolate rare or dormant microbes. However, many more mechanisms remain uncertain. Here, based on 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and metabolomics technology, it was found that the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in metabolites were significantly correlated with uncultured bacterial groups during enrichment cultures. A pure culture analysis showed that the addition of SCFAs to media also resulted in high efficiency for the isolation of uncultured strains from marine sediments. As a result, 238 strains belonging to 10 phyla, 26 families and 82 species were successfully isolated. Some uncultured rare taxa within Chlorobi and Kiritimatiellaeota were successfully cultured. Amongst the newly isolated uncultured microbes, most genomes, e.g. bacteria, possess SCFA oxidative degradation genes, and these features might aid these microbes in better adapting to the culture media. A further resuscitation analysis of a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) Marinilabiliales strain verified that the addition of SCFAs could break the dormancy of Marinilabiliales in 5 days, and the growth curve test showed that the SCFAs could shorten the lag phase and increase the growth rate. Overall, this study provides new insights into SCFAs, which were first studied as resuscitation factors in uncultured marine bacteria. Thus, this study can help improve the utilisation and excavation of marine microbial resources, especially for the most-wanted or key players. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42995-023-00187-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Shui Sun
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Weihai Research Institute of Industrial Technology of Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
| | - Liu-Yan Zhou
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830000 China
| | - Qi-Yun Liang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
| | - Xiao-Man Wang
- Tancheng County Inspection and Testing Center, Tancheng, 276100 China
| | - Yi-Xuan Lei
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
| | - Zhen-Xing Xu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Feng-Qing Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Guan-Jun Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 China
| | - Zong-Jun Du
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Weihai Research Institute of Industrial Technology of Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
| | - Da-Shuai Mu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Weihai Research Institute of Industrial Technology of Shandong University, Weihai, 264209 China
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Kürşad İncili G, Akgöl M, Karatepe P, Kanmaz H, Kaya B, Tekin A, Adnan Hayaloğlu A. Inhibitory effect of bioactive compounds derived from freeze-dried paraprobiotic of Pediococcus acidilactici against food-borne pathogens: In-vitro and food model studies. Food Res Int 2023; 170:113045. [PMID: 37316034 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It was aimed to assess the antimicrobial potential of lyophilized/freeze-dried paraprobiotic (LP) of P. acidilactici against some food-borne pathogens under in-vitro conditions and food model, and determination of bioactive compounds that contribute to the antimicrobial activity of LP. For this purpose, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), inhibition zones were determined against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The MIC value was 6.25 mg/mL and a 20 µL LP displayed 8.78 to 10.0 mm inhibition zones against these pathogens. In the food matrice challenge, two concentrations of LP (3% and 6%) alone or in combination with EDTA (0.02 M) were added to pathogenic bacteria spiked meatballs, and antimicrobial activity of LP was also determined during refrigerated storage. 6% LP + 0.02 M EDTA treatment provided 1.32 to 3.11 log10 CFU/g reductions in the numbers of these pathogens (P < 0.05). Furthermore, this treatment provided significant reductions on psychrotrophs, TVC, LAB, mold-yeast, and Pseudomonas spp. over the storage (P < 0.05). Regarding characterization results, LP contained contained a wide variety of bioactive compounds, including 5 organic acids (2.15 to 30.64 g/100 g), 19 free amino acids (6.97 to 699.15 mg/100 g), free fatty acids (short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acids), 15 polyphenols (0.03 to 383.78 mg/100 g), and some volatile compounds such as pyrazines, pyranone and pyrrole derivatives. These bioactive compounds are not only involved in antimicrobial activity but also contribute to the free radical scavenging activity according to the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. In conclusion, the result revealed that the LP improved the chemical and microbiological quality of foods due to containing biologically-active metabolites involved in antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Kürşad İncili
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Müzeyyen Akgöl
- Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Pınar Karatepe
- Food Processing Department, Keban Vocational School, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Hilal Kanmaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Büşra Kaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Ali Tekin
- Food Processing Department, Keban Vocational School, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Ali Adnan Hayaloğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
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11
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Harshaw NS, Meyer MD, Stella NA, Lehner KM, Kowalski RP, Shanks RMQ. The Short-chain Fatty Acid Propionic Acid Activates the Rcs Stress Response System Partially through Inhibition of d-Alanine Racemase. mSphere 2023; 8:e0043922. [PMID: 36645277 PMCID: PMC9942566 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00439-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Enterobacterial Rcs stress response system reacts to envelope stresses through a complex two-component phosphorelay system to regulate a variety of environmental response genes, such as capsular polysaccharide and flagella biosynthesis genes. However, beyond Escherichia coli, the stresses that activate Rcs are not well-understood. In this study, we used a Rcs system-dependent luminescent transcriptional reporter to screen a library of over 240 antimicrobial compounds for those that activated the Rcs system in Serratia marcescens, a Yersiniaceae family bacterium. Using an isogenic rcsB mutant to establish specificity, both new and expected activators were identified, including the short-chain fatty acid propionic acid, which is found at millimolar levels in the human gut. Propionic acid did not reduce the bacterial intracellular pH, as was hypothesized for its antibacterial mechanism. Instead, data suggest that the Rcs-activation by propionic acid is due, in part, to an inactivation of alanine racemase. This enzyme is responsible for the biosynthesis of d-alanine, which is an amino-acid that is required for the generation of bacterial cell walls. Consistent with what was observed in S. marcescens, in E. coli, alanine racemase mutants demonstrated elevated expression of the Rcs-reporter in a d-alanine-dependent and RcsB-dependent manner. These results suggest that host gut short-chain fatty acids can influence bacterial behavior via the activation of the Rcs stress response system. IMPORTANCE The Rcs bacterial stress response system responds to envelope stresses by globally altering gene expression to profoundly impact host-pathogen interactions, virulence, and antibiotic tolerance. In this study, a luminescent Rcs-reporter plasmid was used to screen a library of compounds for activators of Rcs. Among the strongest inducers was the short-chain fatty acid propionic acid, which is found at high concentrations in the human gut. This study suggests that gut short-chain fatty acids can affect both bacterial virulence and antibiotic tolerance via the induction of the Rcs system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel S. Harshaw
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mitchell D. Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Stella
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kara M. Lehner
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Regis P. Kowalski
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert M. Q. Shanks
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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İncili GK, Akgöl M, Karatepe P, Tekin A, Kanmaz H, Kaya B, Hayaloğlu AA. Whole-Cell Postbiotics: an Innovative Approach for Extending the Shelf Life and Controlling Major Foodborne Pathogens in Chicken Breast Fillets. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-023-03009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cheng Z, Meng Z, Tan D, Datsomor O, Zhan K, Lin M, Zhao G. Effects of supplementation of sodium acetate on rumen fermentation and microbiota in postpartum dairy cows. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1053503. [PMID: 36478854 PMCID: PMC9720668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1053503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary product of rumen fermentation is acetic acid, and its sodium salt is an excellent energy source for post-partum cows to manage negative energy balance (NEB). However, it is unknown how adding sodium acetate (NAc) may affect the rumen bacterial population of post-partum cows. Using the identical nutritional total mixed ration (TMR), this research sought to characterize the impact of NAc supplementation on rumen fermentation and the composition of bacterial communities in post-partum cows. After calving, 24 cows were randomly assigned to two groups of 12 cows each: a control group (CON) and a NAc group (ACE). All cows were fed the same basal TMR with 468 g/d NaCl added to the TMR for the CON group and 656 g/d NAc added to the TMR for the ACE group for 21 days after calving. Ruminal fluid was collected before morning feeding on the last day of the feeding period and analyzed for rumen bacterial community composition by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Under the identical TMR diet conditions, NAc supplementation did not change rumen pH but increased ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) levels and microbial crude protein (MCP) concentrations. The administration of NAc to the feed upregulated rumen concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), acetic, propionic, isovaleric and isobutyric acids without affecting the molar ratio of VFAs. In the two experimental groups, the Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant rumen phylum, and Prevotella was the dominant rumen genus. The administration of NAc had no significant influence on the α-diversity of the rumen bacterial community but upregulated the relative abundance of Prevotella and downregulated the relative abundance of RF39 and Clostridia_UCG_014. In conclusion, the NAc supplementation in the post-peripartum period altered rumen flora structure and thus improved rumen fermentation in dairy cows. Our findings provide a reference for the addition of sodium acetate to alleviate NEB in cows during the late perinatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Cheng
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zitong Meng
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dejin Tan
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Osmond Datsomor
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kang Zhan
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Miao Lin
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqi Zhao
- Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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14
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Das S, Song Z, Han H, Ge X, Desert R, Athavale D, Babu Komakula SS, Magdaleno F, Chen W, Lantvit D, Guzman G, Nieto N. Intestinal Osteopontin Protects From Alcohol-induced Liver Injury by Preserving the Gut Microbiome and the Intestinal Barrier Function. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:813-839. [PMID: 35811073 PMCID: PMC9425038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The gut-liver axis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). We demonstrated that Opn-/- develop worse ALD than wild-type (WT) mice; however, the role of intestinal osteopontin (OPN) in ALD remains unknown. We hypothesized that overexpression of OPN in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) could ameliorate ALD by preserving the gut microbiome and the intestinal barrier function. METHODS OpnKI IEC, OpnΔIEC, and WT mice were fed control or ethanol Lieber-DeCarli diet for 6 weeks. RESULTS OpnKI IEC but not OpnΔIEC mice showed improved intestinal barrier function and protection from ALD. There were less pathogenic and more beneficial bacteria in ethanol-fed OpnKI IEC than in WT mice. Fecal microbiome transplant (FMT) from OpnKI IEC to WT mice protected from ALD. FMT from ethanol-fed WT to OpnKI IEC mice failed to induce ALD. Antimicrobial peptides, Il33, pSTAT3, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), and tight-junction protein expression were higher in IECs from jejunum of ethanol-fed OpnKI IEC than of WT mice. Ethanol-fed OpnKI IEC showed more tryptophan metabolites and short-chain fatty acids in portal serum than WT mice. FMT from OpnKI IEC to WT mice enhanced IECs Ahr and tight-junction protein expression. Oral administration of milk OPN replicated the protective effect of OpnKI IEC mice in ALD. CONCLUSION Overexpression of OPN in IECs or administration of milk OPN maintain the intestinal microbiome by intestinal antimicrobial peptides. The increase in tryptophan metabolites and short-chain fatty acids signaling through the Ahr in IECs, preserve the intestinal barrier function and protect from ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Das
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhuolun Song
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hui Han
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaodong Ge
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Romain Desert
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Dipti Athavale
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Fernando Magdaleno
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel Lantvit
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Grace Guzman
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Research Biologist, Research & Development Service, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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15
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Central Carbon Metabolism, Sodium-Motive Electron Transfer, and Ammonium Formation by the Vaginal Pathogen Prevotella bivia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111925. [PMID: 34769356 PMCID: PMC8585091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement of the Lactobacillus dominated vaginal microbiome by a mixed bacterial population including Prevotella bivia is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). To understand the impact of P. bivia on this microbiome, its growth requirements and mode of energy production were studied. Anoxic growth with glucose depended on CO2 and resulted in succinate formation, indicating phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylation and fumarate reduction as critical steps. The reductive branch of fermentation relied on two highly active, membrane-bound enzymes, namely the quinol:fumarate reductase (QFR) and Na+-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (NQR). Both enzymes were characterized by activity measurements, in-gel fluorography, and VIS difference spectroscopy, and the Na+-dependent build-up of a transmembrane voltage was demonstrated. NQR is a potential drug target for BV treatment since it is neither found in humans nor in Lactobacillus. In P. bivia, the highly active enzymes L-asparaginase and aspartate ammonia lyase catalyze the conversion of asparagine to the electron acceptor fumarate. However, the by-product ammonium is highly toxic. It has been proposed that P. bivia depends on ammonium-utilizing Gardnerella vaginalis, another typical pathogen associated with BV, and provides key nutrients to it. The product pattern of P. bivia growing on glucose in the presence of mixed amino acids substantiates this notion.
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A Sodium-Translocating Module Linking Succinate Production to Formation of Membrane Potential in Prevotella bryantii. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0121121. [PMID: 34469197 PMCID: PMC8516057 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01211-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruminants such as cattle and sheep depend on the breakdown of carbohydrates from plant-based feedstuff, which is accomplished by the microbial community in the rumen. Roughly 40% of the members of the rumen microbiota belong to the family Prevotellaceae, which ferments sugars to organic acids such as acetate, propionate, and succinate. These substrates are important nutrients for the ruminant. In a metaproteome analysis of the rumen of cattle, proteins that are homologous to the Na+-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (NQR) and the quinone:fumarate reductase (QFR) were identified in different Prevotella species. Here, we show that fumarate reduction to succinate in anaerobically growing Prevotella bryantii is coupled to chemiosmotic energy conservation by a supercomplex composed of NQR and QFR. This sodium-translocating NADH:fumarate oxidoreductase (SNFR) supercomplex was enriched by blue native PAGE (BN-PAGE) and characterized by in-gel enzyme activity staining and mass spectrometry. High NADH oxidation (850 nmol min-1 mg-1), quinone reduction (490 nmol min-1 mg-1), and fumarate reduction (1,200 nmol min-1 mg-1) activities, together with high expression levels, demonstrate that SNFR represents a charge-separating unit in P. bryantii. Absorption spectroscopy of SNFR exposed to different substrates revealed intramolecular electron transfer from the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor in NQR to heme b cofactors in QFR. SNFR catalyzed the stoichiometric conversion of NADH and fumarate to NAD+ and succinate. We propose that the regeneration of NAD+ in P. bryantii is intimately linked to the buildup of an electrochemical gradient which powers ATP synthesis by electron transport phosphorylation. IMPORTANCE Feeding strategies for ruminants are designed to optimize nutrient efficiency for animals and to prevent energy losses like enhanced methane production. Key to this are the fermentative reactions of the rumen microbiota, dominated by Prevotella spp. We show that succinate formation by P. bryantii is coupled to NADH oxidation and sodium gradient formation by a newly described supercomplex consisting of Na+-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase (NQR) and fumarate reductase (QFR), representing the sodium-translocating NADH:fumarate oxidoreductase (SNFR) supercomplex. SNFR is the major charge-separating module, generating an electrochemical sodium gradient in P. bryantii. Our findings offer clues to the observation that use of fumarate as feed additive does not significantly increase succinate production, or decrease methanogenesis, by the microbial community in the rumen.
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17
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Trautmann A, Schleicher L, Pfirrmann J, Boldt C, Steuber J, Seifert J. Na +-Coupled Respiration and Reshaping of Extracellular Polysaccharide Layer Counteract Monensin-Induced Cation Permeability in Prevotella bryantii B 14. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910202. [PMID: 34638543 PMCID: PMC8508442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Monensin is an ionophore for monovalent cations, which is frequently used to prevent ketosis and to enhance performance in dairy cows. Studies have shown the rumen bacteria Prevotella bryantii B14 being less affected by monensin. The present study aimed to reveal more information about the respective molecular mechanisms in P.bryantii, as there is still a lack of knowledge about defense mechanisms against monensin. Cell growth experiments applying increasing concentrations of monensin and incubations up to 72 h were done. Harvested cells were used for label-free quantitative proteomics, enzyme activity measurements, quantification of intracellular sodium and extracellular glucose concentrations and fluorescence microscopy. Our findings confirmed an active cell growth and fermentation activity of P.bryantii B14 despite monensin concentrations up to 60 µM. An elevated abundance and activity of the Na+-translocating NADH:quinone oxidoreductase counteracted sodium influx caused by monensin. Cell membranes and extracellular polysaccharides were highly influenced by monensin indicated by a reduced number of outer membrane proteins, an increased number of certain glucoside hydrolases and an elevated concentration of extracellular glucose. Thus, a reconstruction of extracellular polysaccharides in P.bryantii in response to monensin is proposed, which is expected to have a negative impact on the substrate binding capacities of this rumen bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Trautmann
- HoLMiR-Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; (A.T.); (L.S.); (J.S.)
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Lena Schleicher
- HoLMiR-Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; (A.T.); (L.S.); (J.S.)
- Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jana Pfirrmann
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Christin Boldt
- Institute of Bioscience, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany;
| | - Julia Steuber
- HoLMiR-Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; (A.T.); (L.S.); (J.S.)
- Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jana Seifert
- HoLMiR-Hohenheim Center for Livestock Microbiome Research, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; (A.T.); (L.S.); (J.S.)
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0711-459-24284
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18
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Roman-Garcia Y, Mitchell KE, Lee C, Socha MT, Park T, Wenner BA, Firkins JL. Conditions stimulating neutral detergent fiber degradation by dosing branched-chain volatile fatty acids. III: Relation with solid passage rate and pH on prokaryotic fatty acid profile and community in continuous culture. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:9868-9885. [PMID: 34253360 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Our objectives were to evaluate potential interactions in culture conditions that influence how exogenously dosed branched-chain VFA (BCVFA) would be recovered as elongated fatty acids (FA) or would affect bacterial populations. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments evaluated 3 factors: (1) without versus with BCVFA (0 vs. 2 mmol/d each of isobutyrate, isovalerate, and 2-methylbutyrate; each dose was partially substituted with 13C-enriched tracers before and during the collection period); (2) high versus low pH (ranging diurnally from 6.3 to 6.8 vs. 5.7 to 6.2); and (3) low versus high particulate-phase passage rate (kp; 2.5 vs. 5.0%/h) in continuous cultures administered a 50:50 forage:concentrate diet twice daily. Samples of effluent were collected and composited before harvesting bacteria from which FA and DNA were extracted. Profiles and enrichments of FA in bacteria were evaluated by gas chromatography and isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. The 13C enrichment in bacterial FA was calculated as percentage recovery of dosed 13C-labeled BCVFA. Dosing BCVFA increased the even-chain iso-FA, preventing the reduced concentration at higher kp and potentially as a physiological response to decreased pH. However, decreasing pH decreased recovery of 13C in these even-chain FA, suggesting greater reliance on isobutyrate produced from degradation of dietary valine. The iso-FA were decreased, whereas anteiso-FA and 16:0 increased with decreasing pH. Thus, 2-methylbutyrate still appeared to be important as a precursor for anteiso-FA to counter the increased rigidity of bacterial membranes that had more saturated straight-chain FA when pH decreased. Provision of BCVFA stimulated the relative sequence abundance of Fibrobacter and Treponema, both of which require isobutyrate and 2-methylbutyrate. Numerous bacterial community members were shifted by low pH, including increased Prevotella and genera within the phylum Proteobacteria, at the expense of members within phylum Firmicutes. Because of relatively few interactions with pH and kp, supplementation of BCVFA can stimulate neutral detergent fiber degradability via key fibrolytic bacteria across a range of conditions. Decreasing pH shifted bacterial populations and their FA composition, suggesting that further research is needed to distinguish pH from dietary changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Roman-Garcia
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - K E Mitchell
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - C Lee
- Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster 44691
| | - M T Socha
- Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN 55344
| | - T Park
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - B A Wenner
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - J L Firkins
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
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