1
|
Kim KJ, Culp JT, Wuenschell J, Shugayev RA, Ohodnicki PR, Sekizkardes AK. Sorption-Induced Fiber Optic Plasmonic Gas Sensing via Small Grazing Angle of Incidence. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301293. [PMID: 37432766 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Sensing technologies based on plasmonic nanomaterials are of interest for various chemical, biological, environmental, and medical applications. In this work, an incorporation strategy of colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles (pNPs) in microporous polymer for realizing distinct sorption-induced plasmonic sensing is reported. This approach is demonstrated by introducing tin-doped indium oxide pNPs into a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1). The composite film (pNPs-polymer) provides distinct and tunable optical features on the fiber optic (FO) platform that can be used as a signal transducer for gas sensing (e.g., CO2 ) under atmospheric conditions. The resulting pNPs-polymer composite demonstrates high sensitivity response on FO in the evanescent field configuration, provided by the dramatic response of modes above the total-internal-reflection angle. Furthermore, by varying the pNPs content in the polymer matrix, the optical behavior of the pNPs-polymer composite film can be tuned to affect the operational wavelength by over several hundred nanometers and the sensitivity of the sensor in the near-infrared range. It is also shown that the pNPs-polymer composite film exhibits remarkable stability over a period of more than 10 months by mitigating the physical aging issue of the polymer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Joong Kim
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Culp
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wuenschell
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Roman A Shugayev
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Ali K Sekizkardes
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Zhang T, Hua S, Li Z, Wang W, Liu S. Sensitive vapor detection with hollow thin film arrays. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:496-504. [PMID: 35201225 DOI: 10.1364/oe.442692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we explored the performance of a hollow thin film array (HTFA) for the detection of HCl vapor based on fluorescence quenching. The HTFA structure was fabricated by manually stacking layers of an active thin film and a supporting film, alternately, with a hollow structure in each supporting film. The total penetration depth of vapor molecules in the HTFA sample is 2n times increased, where n is the layer number of the active thin film. We tested the sensing performance of the HTFA sample using fluorescence emission and laser emission in a Fabry-Pérot (FP) microcavity. In the fluorescence sensing, the sensing efficiency increases with the vapor concentration, and can be as high as 80% with a vapor concentration of 400 ppm. While in the laser sensing, the efficiency can achieve 100% with an external pump intensity three times of the lasing threshold at a vapor concentration of 85 ppm. The HTFA sample is not only suitable for vapor detection but also suitable for molecule detection in liquid.
Collapse
|
4
|
Second generation phenylene dendrimer, 1,3,5-tris[4-(3,5-diphenylphenyl)phenyl]benzene, as a precursor of a new carbon material. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
Khotina IA, Kushakova NS, Kharitonova VG, Kupriyanova DV, Babich SA, Kovalev AI. Second generation phenylene dendrimer, 1,3,5-tris[4-(3,5-diphenylphenyl)phenyl]benzene, as a precursor of a new carbon material. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
6
|
|
7
|
Yin H, Yang B, Chua YZ, Szymoniak P, Carta M, Malpass-Evans R, McKeown NB, Harrison WJ, Budd PM, Schick C, Böhning M, Schönhals A. Effect of Backbone Rigidity on the Glass Transition of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Probed by Fast Scanning Calorimetry. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1022-1028. [PMID: 35619481 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) of high performance have developed as materials with a wide application range in gas separation and other energy-related fields. Further optimization and long-term behavior of devices with PIMs require an understanding of the structure-property relationships, including physical aging. In this context, the glass transition plays a central role, but with conventional thermal analysis a glass transition is usually not detectable for PIMs before their thermal decomposition. Fast scanning calorimetry provides evidence of the glass transition for a series of PIMs, as the time scales responsible for thermal degradation and for the glass transition are decoupled by employing ultrafast heating rates of tens of thousands K s-1. The investigated PIMs were chosen considering the chain rigidity. The estimated glass transition temperatures follow the order of the rigidity of the backbone of the PIMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huajie Yin
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bin Yang
- University of Rostock, Institute of Physics and Competence Center CALOR, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23−24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Yeong Zen Chua
- University of Rostock, Institute of Physics and Competence Center CALOR, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23−24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Paulina Szymoniak
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariolino Carta
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Malpass-Evans
- EastChem, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Neil B. McKeown
- EastChem, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Wayne J. Harrison
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M. Budd
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Schick
- University of Rostock, Institute of Physics and Competence Center CALOR, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23−24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Böhning
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Schönhals
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Satilmis B, Uyar T. Development of superhydrophobic electrospun fibrous membrane of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-2). Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Shrimant B, Kharul UK, Wadgaonkar PP. Spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene]-containing copolymers of intrinsic microporosity: synthesis, characterization and gas permeation properties. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
10
|
Ma X, Wang Y, Yao K, Ali Z, Han Y, Pinnau I. Pristine and Carboxyl-Functionalized Tetraphenylethylene-Based Ladder Networks for Gas Separation and Volatile Organic Vapor Adsorption. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:15966-15974. [PMID: 31458237 PMCID: PMC6643563 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel tetraphenylethylene-based ladder network (MP1) made by polycondensation reaction from 4,4',4″,4‴-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrakis(benzene-1,2-diol) and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile and its COOH-functionalized analogue (MP2) were synthesized for the first time. Their structures were confirmed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (13C cross-polarization magic angle spinning), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elementary analysis. MP1 exhibited a high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (1020 m2 g-1), whereas the COOH-functionalized MP2 showed a much smaller surface area (150 m2 g-1) but displayed a more uniform pore size distribution. Because of the high density of nitrile groups in the network polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) and strong interaction with quadrupole CO2 molecules, MP1 exhibited a high CO2 adsorption capacity of 4.2 mmol g-1 at 273 K, combined with an isosteric heat of adsorption (Q st) of 29.6 kJ mol-1. The COOH-functionalized MP2 showed higher Q st of 34.2 kJ mol-1 coupled with a modest CO2 adsorption capacity of 2.2 mmol g-1. Both network PIMs displayed high theoretical ideal adsorbed solution theory CO2/N2 selectivities (51 and 94 at 273 K vs 34 and 84 at 298 K for MP1 and MP2, respectively). The high selectivities of MP1 and MP2 were confirmed by experimental column breakthrough experiments with CO2/N2 selectivity values of 23 and 45, respectively. Besides the promising CO2 capture and CO2/N2 selectivity properties, MP1 also demonstrated high sorption capacity for toxic volatile organic vapors. At 298 K and a relative pressure of 0.95, benzene and toluene sorption uptakes reached 765 and 1041 mg g-1, respectively. Moreover, MP1 also demonstrated some potential for adsorptive separation of xylene isomers with adsorptive selectivity of 1.75 for m-xylene/o-xylene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Ma
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials
Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yingge Wang
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials
Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kexin Yao
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials
Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zain Ali
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials
Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yu Han
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials
Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ingo Pinnau
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials
Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu J, Ou J, Chen L, Zhang H, Ma S, Ye M. Palladium catalyst imbedded in polymers of intrinsic microporosity for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35205-35210. [PMID: 35547052 PMCID: PMC9087636 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06214e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are porous polymers with rigid ladder-type chain structures. Synthesizing these polymers usually involves the step polymerization of two types of monomer, namely, active fluorine-substituted aromatic ring monomers and phenolic monomers. Herein, we report a new PIMs preparation method using self-synthesized fluorinated monomers and common monomer 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydroxy-3,3,3',3'-tetramethyl spirobisindane. The fluorinated monomers were synthesized through the imidization of tetrafluorophthalic anhydride and aromatic diamines. The resulting PIMs served as a support for palladium, with the formed catalyst showing potential for application in the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Junjie Ou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lianfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ghanem BS, Alghunaimi F, Wang Y, Genduso G, Pinnau I. Synthesis of Highly Gas-Permeable Polyimides of Intrinsic Microporosity Derived from 1,3,6,8-Tetramethyl-2,7-diaminotriptycene. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11874-11882. [PMID: 31459273 PMCID: PMC6645085 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple synthetic route to a novel sterically hindered triptycene-based diamine, 1,3,6,8-tetramethyl-2,7-diaminotriptycene (TMDAT), and its use in the preparation of high molecular weight polyimides of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-PIs) are reported. The organosoluble TMDAT-derived polyimides displayed high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas ranging between 610 and 850 m2 g-1 and demonstrated excellent thermal stability of up to 510 °C. Introduction of the rigid three-dimensional paddlewheel triptycene framework and the tetramethyl-induced restriction of the imide bond rotation resulted in highly permeable polyimides with moderate gas-pair selectivity. The best performing polyimide made from TMDAT and a triptycene-based dianhydride showed gas transport properties located between the 2008 and 2015 polymer permeability/selectivity trade-off curves with H2 and O2 permeabilities of 2858 and 575 barrer combined with H2/N2 and O2/N2 selectivities of 24 and 4.8, respectively, after 200 days of physical aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bader S. Ghanem
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division
of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd Alghunaimi
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division
of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yingge Wang
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division
of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giuseppe Genduso
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division
of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ingo Pinnau
- Functional
Polymer Membranes Group and Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division
of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King
Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Madrid E, Lowe JP, Msayib KJ, McKeown NB, Song Q, Attard GA, Düren T, Marken F. Triphasic Nature of Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity Induces Storage and Catalysis Effects in Hydrogen and Oxygen Reactivity at Electrode Surfaces. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Madrid
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - John P. Lowe
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Kadhum J. Msayib
- EAstChem School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Rd. Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Neil B. McKeown
- EAstChem School of Chemistry; University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building; David Brewster Rd. Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Qilei Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Imperial College London; London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Gary A. Attard
- Department of Physics, The Oliver Lodge Laboratory; University of Liverpool; Oxford Street Liverpool L69 7ZE UK
| | - Tina Düren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Centre for Advanced Separation Engineering; University of Bath; Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Frank Marken
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Satilmis B, Uyar T. Removal of aniline from air and water by polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) electrospun ultrafine fibers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 516:317-324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
15
|
Shaw PE, Burn PL. Real-time fluorescence quenching-based detection of nitro-containing explosive vapours: what are the key processes? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:29714-29730. [PMID: 28850131 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04602b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The detection of explosives continues to be a pressing global challenge with many potential technologies being pursued by the scientific research community. Luminescence-based detection of explosive vapours with an organic semiconductor has attracted much interest because of its potential for detectors that have high sensitivity, compact form factor, simple operation and low-cost. Despite the abundance of literature on novel sensor materials systems there are relatively few mechanistic studies targeted towards vapour-based sensing. In this Perspective, we will review the progress that has been made in understanding the processes that control the real-time luminescence quenching of thin films by analyte vapours. These are the non-radiative quenching process by which the sensor exciton decays, the analyte-sensor intermolecular binding interaction, and the diffusion process for the analyte vapours in the film. We comment on the contributions of each of these processes towards the sensing response and, in particular, the relative roles of analyte diffusion and exciton diffusion. While the latter has been historically judged to be one of, if not the primary, causes for the high sensitivity of many conjugated polymers to nitrated vapours, recent evidence suggests that long exciton diffusion lengths are unnecessary. The implications of these results on the development of sensor materials for real-time detection are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P E Shaw
- Centre for Organic Photonics & Electronics, School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ma C, Urban JJ. Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIMs) Gas Separation Membranes: A mini Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.11605/j.pnrs.201802002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
17
|
|
18
|
Ma X, Abdulhamid MA, Pinnau I. Design and Synthesis of Polyimides Based on Carbocyclic Pseudo-Tröger’s Base-Derived Dianhydrides for Membrane Gas Separation Applications. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Ma
- Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center (AMPMC), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering,
Chemical and Biological Engineering Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, KSA
| | - Mahmoud A. Abdulhamid
- Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center (AMPMC), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering,
Chemical and Biological Engineering Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, KSA
| | - Ingo Pinnau
- Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center (AMPMC), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering,
Chemical and Biological Engineering Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, KSA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shrimant B, Shaligram SV, Kharul UK, Wadgaonkar PP. Synthesis, characterization, and gas permeation properties of adamantane-containing polymers of intrinsic microporosity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Shrimant
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Delhi-Mathura Road; New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Sayali V. Shaligram
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Delhi-Mathura Road; New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Ulhas K. Kharul
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Delhi-Mathura Road; New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Prakash P. Wadgaonkar
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune 411008 Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Delhi-Mathura Road; New Delhi 110025 India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
He D, He DS, Yang J, Low ZX, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Marken F. Molecularly Rigid Microporous Polyamine Captures and Stabilizes Conducting Platinum Nanoparticle Networks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:22425-30. [PMID: 27509837 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A molecularly rigid polyamine based on a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-EA-TB) is shown to capture and stabilize platinum nanoparticles during colloid synthesis in the rigid framework. Stabilization here refers to avoiding aggregation without loss of surface reactivity. In the resulting rigid framework with embedded platinum nanoparticles, the volume ratio of platinum to PIM-EA-TB in starting materials is varied systematically from approximately 1.0 to 0.1 with the resulting platinum nanoparticle diameter varying from approximately 4.2 to 3.1 nm, respectively. Elemental analysis suggests that only a fraction of the polymer is "captured" to give nanocomposites rich in platinum. A transition occurs from electrically conducting and electrochemically active (with shorter average interparticle distance) to nonconducting and only partially electrochemically active (with longer average interparticle distance) polymer-platinum composites. The conducting nanoparticle network in the porous rigid macromolecular framework could be beneficial in electrocatalysis and in sensing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dong Sheng He
- Materials Characterization and Preparation Center, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | | | - Richard Malpass-Evans
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Mariolino Carta
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Neil B McKeown
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yuan K, Liu C, Han J, Yu G, Wang J, Duan H, Wang Z, Jian X. Phthalazinone structure-based covalent triazine frameworks and their gas adsorption and separation properties. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, new classes of phthalazinone-based covalent triazine frameworks (PHCTFs) were prepared by ionothermal synthesis from two full rigid dicyano building blocks with rigid, thermostable and asymmetric N-heterocycle-containing structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuanyu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
| | - Jianhua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
| | - Guipeng Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
| | - Hongmin Duan
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
| | - Xigao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Polymer Science and Materials
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ma X, Pinnau I. A novel intrinsically microporous ladder polymer and copolymers derived from 1,1′,2,2′-tetrahydroxy-tetraphenylethylene for membrane-based gas separation. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01796c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel intrinsically microporous polymer was synthesized by polycondensation reaction of 1,1′,2,2′-tetrahydroxy-tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFTPN).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Ma
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Program
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
| | - Ingo Pinnau
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Program
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- Thuwal 23955-6900
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rong Y, He D, Sanchez-Fernandez A, Evans C, Edler KJ, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Clarke TJ, Taylor SH, Wain AJ, Mitchels JM, Marken F. Intrinsically Microporous Polymer Retains Porosity in Vacuum Thermolysis to Electroactive Heterocarbon. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12300-12306. [PMID: 26496244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum carbonization of organic precursors usually causes considerable structural damage and collapse of morphological features. However, for a polymer with intrinsic microporosity (PIM-EA-TB with a Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area of 1027 m(2)g(-1)), it is shown here that the rigidity of the molecular backbone is retained even during 500 °C vacuum carbonization, yielding a novel type of microporous heterocarbon (either as powder or as thin film membrane) with properties between those of a conducting polymer and those of a carbon. After carbonization, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology and the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) Guinier radius remain largely unchanged as does the cumulative pore volume. However, the BET surface area is decreased to 242 m(2)g(-1), but microporosity is considerably increased. The new material is shown to exhibit noticeable electrochemical features including two pH-dependent capacitance domains switching from ca. 33 Fg(-1) (when oxidized) to ca. 147 Fg(-1) (when reduced), a low electron transfer reactivity toward oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, and a four-point-probe resistivity (dry) of approximately 40 MΩ/square for a 1-2 μm thick film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Rong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Daping He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Craig Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Karen J Edler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Malpass-Evans
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mariolino Carta
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Neil B McKeown
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Tomos J Clarke
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart H Taylor
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Wain
- National Physical Laboratory , Teddington, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - John M Mitchels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Marken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Carta M, Bernardo P, Clarizia G, Jansen JC, McKeown NB. Gas Permeability of Hexaphenylbenzene Based Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501925j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariolino Carta
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, U.K
| | - Paola Bernardo
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Gabriele Clarizia
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Johannes C. Jansen
- Institute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, Via P. Bucci 17/C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Neil B. McKeown
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Edinburgh, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Caron T, Pasquinet E, van der Lee A, Pansu RB, Rouessac V, Clavaguera S, Bouhadid M, Serein-Spirau F, Lère-Porte JP, Montméat P. Efficient Sensing of Explosives by Using Fluorescent Nonporous Films of Oligophenyleneethynylene Derivatives Thanks to Optimal Structure Orientation and Exciton Migration. Chemistry 2014; 20:15069-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
27
|
Madrid E, Rong Y, Carta M, McKeown NB, Malpass-Evans R, Attard GA, Clarke TJ, Taylor SH, Long YT, Marken F. Metastable Ionic Diodes Derived from an Amine-Based Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10751-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
28
|
Madrid E, Rong Y, Carta M, McKeown NB, Malpass-Evans R, Attard GA, Clarke TJ, Taylor SH, Long YT, Marken F. Metastable Ionic Diodes Derived from an Amine-Based Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
29
|
Carta M, Malpass-Evans R, Croad M, Rogan Y, Lee M, Rose I, McKeown NB. The synthesis of microporous polymers using Tröger's base formation. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00609g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
30
|
Xia F, Pan M, Mu S, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Attard GA, Brew A, Morgan DJ, Marken F. Polymers of intrinsic microporosity in electrocatalysis: Novel pore rigidity effects and lamella palladium growth. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.08.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
31
|
Rong Y, Malpass-Evans R, Carta M, McKeown NB, Attard GA, Marken F. Intrinsically Porous Polymer Protects Catalytic Gold Particles for Enzymeless Glucose Oxidation. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
32
|
Wu X, Li H, Xu Y, Xu B, Tong H, Wang L. Thin film fabricated from solution-dispersible porous hyperbranched conjugated polymer nanoparticles without surfactants. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:2375-2380. [PMID: 24435090 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr05402k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Porous hyperbranched conjugated polymer nanoparticles with an average particle size of 20-60 nm and a specific surface area of 225 m(2) g(-1) have been prepared through Suzuki polymerization in a miniemulsion, which could be stably dispersed in common organic solvents after complete removal of surfactants. Furthermore, a simple spin-coating method for the preparation of homogeneous transparent thin films of the nanoparticle has been developed. Bright blue emission of the porous nanoparticle films could be reversibly quenched by nitroaromatics with enhanced sensitivity compared to dense films of the linear conjugated polymer analogue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vile J, Carta M, Bezzu CG, Kariuki BM, McKeown NB. Centrotriindane- and triptindane-based polymers of intrinsic microporosity. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
34
|
Wang Y, Morawska PO, Kanibolotsky AL, Skabara PJ, Turnbull GA, Samuel IDW. LED pumped polymer laser sensor for explosives. LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS 2013; 7:L71-L76. [PMID: 25821526 PMCID: PMC4374702 DOI: 10.1002/lpor.201300072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A very compact explosive vapor sensor is demonstrated based on a distributed feedback polymer laser pumped by a commercial InGaN light-emitting diode. The laser shows a two-stage turn on of the laser emission, for pulsed drive currents above 15.7 A. The 'double-threshold' phenomenon is attributed to the slow rise of the ∼30 ns duration LED pump pulses. The laser emits a 533 nm pulsed output beam of ∼10 ns duration perpendicular to the polymer film. When exposed to nitroaromatic model explosive vapors at ∼8 ppb concentration, the laser shows a 46% change in the surface-emitted output under optimized LED excitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St AndrewsNorth Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Paulina O Morawska
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St AndrewsNorth Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Alexander L Kanibolotsky
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of StrathclydeThomas Graham Building, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Peter J Skabara
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of StrathclydeThomas Graham Building, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Graham A Turnbull
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St AndrewsNorth Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St AndrewsNorth Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Montilla F, Ruseckas A, Samuel ID. Absorption cross-sections of hole polarons in glassy and β-phase polyfluorene. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
36
|
Tsiminis G, Chu F, Warren-Smith SC, Spooner NA, Monro TM. Identification and quantification of explosives in nanolitre solution volumes by Raman spectroscopy in suspended core optical fibers. SENSORS 2013; 13:13163-77. [PMID: 24084111 PMCID: PMC3859056 DOI: 10.3390/s131013163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for identifying explosive species is reported, using Raman spectroscopy in suspended core optical fibers. Numerical simulations are presented that predict the strength of the observed signal as a function of fiber geometry, with the calculated trends verified experimentally and used to optimize the sensors. This technique is used to identify hydrogen peroxide in water solutions at volumes less than 60 nL and to quantify microgram amounts of material using the solvent's Raman signature as an internal calibration standard. The same system, without further modifications, is also used to detect 1,4-dinitrobenzene, a model molecule for nitrobenzene-based explosives such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Tsiminis
- Institute for Photonics & Advanced Sensing and School of Chemistry & Physics, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; E-Mails: (S.C.W.-S.); (N.A.S.); (T.M.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +61-8-8313-2330; Fax: +61-8-8303-4380
| | - Fenghong Chu
- School of Computer Science and Information Technology, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China; E-Mail:
| | - Stephen C. Warren-Smith
- Institute for Photonics & Advanced Sensing and School of Chemistry & Physics, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; E-Mails: (S.C.W.-S.); (N.A.S.); (T.M.M.)
| | - Nigel A. Spooner
- Institute for Photonics & Advanced Sensing and School of Chemistry & Physics, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; E-Mails: (S.C.W.-S.); (N.A.S.); (T.M.M.)
- Defence Science & Technology Organisation, South Australia 5111, Australia
| | - Tanya M. Monro
- Institute for Photonics & Advanced Sensing and School of Chemistry & Physics, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; E-Mails: (S.C.W.-S.); (N.A.S.); (T.M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chen S, Yi W, Duhamel J, Heinrich K, Bengtson G, Fritsch D. Effect of the Porosity of a Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM) on Its Intrinsic Fluorescence. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:5249-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307173k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Chen
- Institute for Polymer Research,
Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Wei Yi
- Institute for Polymer Research,
Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jean Duhamel
- Institute for Polymer Research,
Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kathleen Heinrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institut für Polymerforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse
1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Gisela Bengtson
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institut für Polymerforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse
1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Detlev Fritsch
- Fraunhofer IAP, FB3, Geiselbergstrasse
69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
This paper focuses on polymers that demonstrate microporosity without possessing a network of covalent bonds—the so-called polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM). PIMs combine solution processability and microporosity with structural diversity and have proven utility for making membranes and sensors. After a historical account of the development of PIMs, their synthesis is described along with a comprehensive review of the PIMs that have been prepared to date. The important methods of characterising intrinsic microporosity, such as gas absorption, are outlined and structure-property relationships explained. Finally, the applications of PIMs as sensors and membranes for gas and vapour separations, organic nanofiltration, and pervaporation are described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil B. McKeown
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Vile J, Carta M, Bezzu CG, McKeown NB. Tribenzotriquinacene-based polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1py00294e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Short R, Carta M, Bezzu CG, Fritsch D, Kariuki BM, McKeown NB. Hexaphenylbenzene-based polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:6822-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc11717c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|