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Kim KJ, Culp JT, Wuenschell J, Shugayev RA, Ohodnicki PR, Sekizkardes AK. Sorption-Induced Fiber Optic Plasmonic Gas Sensing via Small Grazing Angle of Incidence. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2301293. [PMID: 37432766 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Sensing technologies based on plasmonic nanomaterials are of interest for various chemical, biological, environmental, and medical applications. In this work, an incorporation strategy of colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles (pNPs) in microporous polymer for realizing distinct sorption-induced plasmonic sensing is reported. This approach is demonstrated by introducing tin-doped indium oxide pNPs into a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1). The composite film (pNPs-polymer) provides distinct and tunable optical features on the fiber optic (FO) platform that can be used as a signal transducer for gas sensing (e.g., CO2 ) under atmospheric conditions. The resulting pNPs-polymer composite demonstrates high sensitivity response on FO in the evanescent field configuration, provided by the dramatic response of modes above the total-internal-reflection angle. Furthermore, by varying the pNPs content in the polymer matrix, the optical behavior of the pNPs-polymer composite film can be tuned to affect the operational wavelength by over several hundred nanometers and the sensitivity of the sensor in the near-infrared range. It is also shown that the pNPs-polymer composite film exhibits remarkable stability over a period of more than 10 months by mitigating the physical aging issue of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Joong Kim
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Culp
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wuenschell
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Roman A Shugayev
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Ali K Sekizkardes
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochran Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
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2
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Zhang P, Venketeswaran A, Wright RF, Lalam N, Sarcinelli E, Ohodnicki PR. Quasi-Distributed Fiber Sensor-Based Approach for Pipeline Health Monitoring: Generating and Analyzing Physics-Based Simulation Datasets for Classification. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5410. [PMID: 37420576 DOI: 10.3390/s23125410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a framework for detecting mechanical damage in pipelines, focusing on generating simulated data and sampling to emulate distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system responses. The workflow transforms simulated ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) responses into DAS or quasi-DAS system responses to create a physically robust dataset for pipeline event classification, including welds, clips, and corrosion defects. This investigation examines the effects of sensing systems and noise on classification performance, emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate sensing system for a specific application. The framework shows the robustness of different sensor number deployments to experimentally relevant noise levels, demonstrating its applicability in real-world scenarios where noise is present. Overall, this study contributes to the development of a more reliable and effective method for detecting mechanical damage to pipelines by emphasizing the generation and utilization of simulated DAS system responses for pipeline classification efforts. The results on the effects of sensing systems and noise on classification performance further enhance the robustness and reliability of the framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengdi Zhang
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Abhishek Venketeswaran
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Ruishu F Wright
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
| | - Nageswara Lalam
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
| | - Enrico Sarcinelli
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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3
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Greve DW, Devkota J, Ohodnicki PR, Wright R. Investigation of Goubau Wave Propagation on Large Pipes for Sensing Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23114991. [PMID: 37299718 DOI: 10.3390/s23114991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We examine the application of guided waves on a single conductor (Goubau waves) for sensing. In particular, the use of such waves to remotely interrogate surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors mounted on large-radius conductors (pipes) is considered. Experimental results using a small-radius (0.0032 m) conductor at 435 MHz are reported. The applicability of published theory to conductors of large radius is examined. Finite element simulations are then used to study the propagation and launching of Goubau waves on steel conductors up to 0.254 m in radius. Simulations show that waves can be launched and received, although energy loss into radiating waves is a problem with current launcher designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Greve
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jagannath Devkota
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
- NETL Support Contractor, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- Department of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Ruishu Wright
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA
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4
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Fang Y, Ohodnicki PR, Wang G. A machine learning based computational approach for prediction of cation distribution in spinel crystal. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2890466. [PMID: 37184006 DOI: 10.1063/5.0146056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a machine learning based computational approach has been developed to investigate the cation distribution in spinel crystals. The computational approach integrates the construction of datasets consisting of the energies calculated from density functional theory, the training of machine learning models to derive the relationship between system energy and structural features, and atomistic Monte Carlo simulations to sample the thermodynamic equilibrium structures of spinel crystals. It is found that the support vector machine model yields excellent performance in energy predictions based on spinel crystal structures. Furthermore, the developed computational approach has been applied to predict the cation distribution in single spinel MgAl2O4 and MgFe2O4 and double spinel MgAl2-aFeaO4. Agreeing with the available experimental data, the computational approach correctly predicts that the equilibrium degree of inversion of MgAl2O4 increases with temperature, whereas the degree of inversion of MgFe2O4 decreases with temperature. Additionally, it is predicted that the equilibrium occupancy of Mg cations at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites in MgAl2-aFeaO4 could be tuned as a function of chemical composition. Therefore, this study presents a reliable computational approach that can be extended to study the variation of cation distribution with processing temperature and chemical composition in a wide range of complex multi-cation spinel oxides with numerous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Guofeng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
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5
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Kim KJ, Culp JT, Ohodnicki PR, Thallapally PK, Tao J. Synthesis of High-Quality Mg-MOF-74 Thin Films via Vapor-Assisted Crystallization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:35223-35231. [PMID: 34254786 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The unique features of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), such as their large surface areas and diversity of structures, make them suitable for a broad range of applications including storage, separation, and sensing of gases. Among all the MOFs, Mg-MOF-74 with the highest CO2 uptake at 1 bar and 25 °C would be particularly beneficial for CO2-related applications. One of the most critical enabling technologies for implementing Mg-MOF-74 is the preparation of dense and continuous films that would maximize the sorption behaviors. However, Mg-MOF-74 thin films present significant challenges in demonstrating large-scale coatings. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time high-quality Mg-MOF-74 films synthesized via a vapor-assisted crystallization (VAC) process. The VAC process described herein provides dense and highly crystalline layers of the Mg-MOF-74 thin film with a low coefficient of variation of film thickness below 7%. By minimizing the solvent use, the VAC process is also more environmentally friendly than conventional techniques. In this work, we first optimized a precursor solution for the VAC process and then investigated the effects of synthesis temperature, time, and droplet volume on the growth, crystallinity, and thickness of VAC Mg-MOF-74 films. The porosity of the MOF film was assessed by measuring the CO2 uptake at room temperature and 1 bar. The obtained VAC Mg-MOF-74 films possess a well-defined microporosity, as deduced from CO2 adsorption studies via quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and comparison with bulk Mg-MOF-74 reference data. Furthermore, CO2 cyclic adsorption-desorption experiments on the VAC Mg-MOF-74 films showed scaled uptakes to a wide range of CO2 concentration without showing significant variations in the baseline. We specifically demonstrate how the film's quality of the MOF affects adsorption behavior of CO2 on VAC Mg-MOF-74 and drop-cast Mg-MOF-74 films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Joong Kim
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236-0940, United States
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236-0940, United States
| | - Jeffrey T Culp
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236-0940, United States
- NETL Support Contractor, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236-0940, United States
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236-0940, United States
| | | | - Jinhui Tao
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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6
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Li J, Wuenschell J, Li Z, Bera S, Liu K, Tang R, Du H, Ohodnicki PR, Shen S. Fiber Coupled Near-Field Thermoplasmonic Emission from Gold Nanorods at 1100 K. Small 2021; 17:e2007274. [PMID: 33719149 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured gold has attracted significant interest from materials science, chemistry, optics and photonics, and biology due to their extraordinary potential for manipulating visible and near-infrared light through the excitation of plasmon resonances. However, gold nanostructures are rarely measured experimentally in their plasmonic properties and hardly used for high-temperature applications because of the inherent instability in mass and shape due to the high surface energy at elevated temperatures. In this work, the first direct observation of thermally excited surface plasmons in gold nanorods at 1100 K is demonstrated. By coupling with an optical fiber in the near-field, the thermally excited surface plasmons from gold nanorods can be converted into the propagating modes in the optical fiber and experimentally characterized in a remote manner. This fiber-coupled technique can effectively characterize the near-field thermoplasmonic emission from gold nanorods. A direct simulation scheme is also developed to quantitively understand the thermal emission from the array of gold nanorods. The experimental work in conjunction with the direct simulation results paves the way of using gold nanostructures as high-temperature plasmonic nanomaterials, which has important implications in thermal energy conversion, thermal emission control, and chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wuenschell
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- Leidos Research Support Team, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Subhabrata Bera
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
- Leidos Research Support Team, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Renhong Tang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Henry Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Sheng Shen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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7
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Crawford SE, Ellis JE, Ohodnicki PR, Baltrus JP. Influence of the Anionic Zinc-Adeninate Metal-Organic Framework Structure on the Luminescent Detection of Rare Earth Ions in Aqueous Streams. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:7268-7277. [PMID: 33534542 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical to numerous technologies; however, a combination of increasing demand, environmental concerns, and monopolistic marketplace conditions has spurred interest in boosting the domestic REE production from sources such as coal utilization byproducts. The economic viability of this approach requires rapid, inexpensive, and sensitive analytical techniques capable of characterizing the REE content during resource exploration and downstream REE processing (e.g., analyzing REE separation, concentration, and purification production steps). Luminescence-based sensors are attractive because many REEs may be sensitized to produce element-specific emission. Hence, a single material may simultaneously detect and distinguish multiple REEs. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can sensitize multiple REEs, but their viability has been hindered by sensitivity and selectivity challenges. Understanding how the MOF structure impacts the REE sensing efficacy is critical to the rational design of new sensors. Here, we evaluate the sensing performance of seven different anionic zinc-adeninate MOFs with different organic linkers and/or structures for the visible-emitting REEs Tb, Dy, Sm, and Eu. The choice of a linker determines which REEs are sensitized and significantly influences their sensitivity and selectivity against competing species (here, Fe(II) and HCl). For a given linker, structural changes to the MOF can further fine-tune the performance. The MOFs produce some of the lowest detection limits (sub-10 ppb for Tb) reported for the aqueous sensitization-based REE detection. Importantly, the most selective MOFs demonstrated the ability to sensitize the REE signal at sub-ppm levels in a REE-spiked acid mine drainage matrix, highlighting their potential for use in real-world sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Crawford
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - James E Ellis
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
| | - John P Baltrus
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh 15236 Pennsylvania, United States
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8
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Su YD, Preger Y, Burroughs H, Sun C, Ohodnicki PR. Fiber Optic Sensing Technologies for Battery Management Systems and Energy Storage Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21041397. [PMID: 33671244 PMCID: PMC7923102 DOI: 10.3390/s21041397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Applications of fiber optic sensors to battery monitoring have been increasing due to the growing need of enhanced battery management systems with accurate state estimations. The goal of this review is to discuss the advancements enabling the practical implementation of battery internal parameter measurements including local temperature, strain, pressure, and refractive index for general operation, as well as the external measurements such as temperature gradients and vent gas sensing for thermal runaway imminent detection. A reasonable matching is discussed between fiber optic sensors of different range capabilities with battery systems of three levels of scales, namely electric vehicle and heavy-duty electric truck battery packs, and grid-scale battery systems. The advantages of fiber optic sensors over electrical sensors are discussed, while electrochemical stability issues of fiber-implanted batteries are critically assessed. This review also includes the estimated sensing system costs for typical fiber optic sensors and identifies the high interrogation cost as one of the limitations in their practical deployment into batteries. Finally, future perspectives are considered in the implementation of fiber optics into high-value battery applications such as grid-scale energy storage fault detection and prediction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang D. Su
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (Y.D.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Yuliya Preger
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, USA;
| | - Hannah Burroughs
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;
| | - Chenhu Sun
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (Y.D.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Paul R. Ohodnicki
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (Y.D.S.); (C.S.)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Correspondence:
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9
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Kim KJ, Ellis JE, Howard BH, Ohodnicki PR. Centimeter-Scale Pillared-Layer Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films Mediated by Hydroxy Double Salt Intermediates for CO 2 Sensor Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:2062-2071. [PMID: 33351592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films over macroscopic surface areas is a subject of great interest for gas sensor application platforms such as optics and microelectronics. However, a direct synthesis of MOF films at ambient conditions, in particular pillared-layer MOF films due to their anisotropic structures, remains a significant challenge. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time a facile construction of dense and continuous pillared-layer MOF thin films on a centimeter scale via an aluminum-doped zinc oxide template and hydroxy double salt (HDS) intermediates at room temperature. A series of Cu(II)-based pillared MOFs with different 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (bdc) ligands were explored for optimizing MOF film formation for CO2 sensor applications. Nonpolar ligands with lower water solubility preferentially formed crystalline pillared MOF structures from HDS intermediates. A Cu2(ndc)2(dabco) (ndc = 1,4-naphthalene-bdc; dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) MOF demonstrated the most dense and uniform film growth with micrometer thickness over one square centimeter area. This synthetic approach for growing Cu2(ndc)2(dabco) MOF thin films was successfully translated toward two sensing platforms: a quartz crystal microbalance and an optical fiber sensor. These Cu2(ndc)2(dabco) MOF-coated sensors displayed sensitivity toward CO2 and response/recovery time on the scale of seconds, even at moderate humidity levels. This work provides a road map for producing continuous and anisotropic crystalline MOF thin films over a centimeter scale area on various substrates, which will greatly facilitate their utilization in MOF-based sensor devices, among other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Joong Kim
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Leidos Research Support Team, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - James E Ellis
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Bret H Howard
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
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10
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Wuenschell JK, Jee Y, Lau DK, Yu Y, Ohodnicki PR. Combined plasmonic Au-nanoparticle and conducting metal oxide high-temperature optical sensing with LSTO. Nanoscale 2020; 12:14524-14537. [PMID: 32614015 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03306e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fiber optic sensor technology offers several advantages for harsh-environment applications. However, the development of optical gas sensing layers that are stable under harsh environmental conditions is an ongoing research challenge. In this work, electronically conducting metal oxide lanthanum-doped strontium titanate (LSTO) films embedded with gold nanoparticles are examined as a sensing layer for application in reducing gas flows at high temperature (600-800 °C). A strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based response to hydrogen is demonstrated in the visible region of the spectrum, while a Drude free electron-based response is observed in the near-IR. Characteristics of these responses are studied both on planar glass substrates and on silica fibers. Charge transfer between the oxide film and the gold nanoparticles is explored as a possible mechanism governing the Au LSPR response and is considered in terms of the corresponding properties of the conducting metal oxide-based matrix phase. Principal component analysis is applied to the combined plasmonic and free-carrier based response over a range of temperatures and hydrogen concentrations. It is demonstrated that the combined visible and near-IR response of these films provides improved versatility for multiwavelength interrogation, as well as improved discrimination of important process parameters (concentration and temperature) through application of multivariate analysis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey K Wuenschell
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA. and Leidos Research Support Team, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA
| | - Youngseok Jee
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA. and Leidos Research Support Team, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA
| | - Derek K Lau
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA. and ORISE, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA.
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940, USA.
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11
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Wang M, Yang Y, Huang S, Wu J, Zhao K, Li Y, Peng Z, Zou R, Lan H, Ohodnicki PR, Lu P, Buric MP, Liu B, Yu Q, Chen KP. Multiplexable high-temperature stable and low-loss intrinsic Fabry-Perot in-fiber sensors through nanograting engineering. Opt Express 2020; 28:20225-20235. [PMID: 32680087 DOI: 10.1364/oe.395382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a method of using femtosecond laser inscribed nanograting as low-loss- and high-temperature-stable in-fiber reflectors. By introducing a pair of nanograting inside the core of a single-mode optical fiber, an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer can be created for high-temperature sensing applications. The morphology of the nanograting inscribed in fiber cores was engineered by tuning the fabrication conditions to achieve a high fringe visibility of 0.49 and low insertion loss of 0.002 dB per sensor. Using a white light interferometry demodulation algorithm, we demonstrate the temperature sensitivity, cross-talk, and spatial multiplexability of sensor arrays. Both the sensor performance and stability were studied from room temperature to 1000°C with cyclic heating and cooling. Our results demonstrate a femtosecond direct laser writing technique capable of producing highly multiplexable in-fiber intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer sensor devices with high fringe contrast, high sensitivity, and low-loss for application in harsh environmental conditions.
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12
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Hong T, Culp JT, Kim KJ, Devkota J, Sun C, Ohodnicki PR. State-of-the-art of methane sensing materials: A review and perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Liu K, Wuenschell J, Bera S, Tang R, Ohodnicki PR, Du H. Nanostructured sapphire optical fiber embedded with Au nanorods for high-temperature plasmonics in harsh environments. Opt Express 2019; 27:38125-38133. [PMID: 31878584 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.038125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sensors for harsh environments must exhibit robust sensing response and considerable thermal and chemical stability. We report the exploration of a novel all-alumina nanostructured sapphire optical fiber (NSOF) embedded with Au nanorods (Au NRs) for plasmonics-based sensing at high temperatures. Temperature dependence of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au NRs was studied in conjunction with numerical calculations using the Drude model. It was found that LSPR of Au NRs changes markedly with temperature, red shifting and increasing in transmission amplitude as the temperature increases. Furthermore, this variation is highly localized through tunneling by overlapping the near-field of thin cladding and sapphire optical fiber. The NSOF embedded with Au NRs has the potential for sensing in advanced energy generation systems.
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14
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Liu K, Ohodnicki PR, Kong X, Lee SS, Du H. Plasmonic Au nanorods stabilized within anodic aluminum oxide pore channels against high-temperature treatment. Nanotechnology 2019; 30:405704. [PMID: 31207594 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab2a3f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Au nanorods (Au NRs) are promising candidates for sensing applications due to their tunable localized surface plasmon resonance wavelength. At temperatures above 250 °C, however, these structures are morphologically unstable and tend to evaporate. We herein report a novel refractory plasmonic nanocomposite system comprising Au NRs entrapped in anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) scaffolds that are stable up to 800 °C. Au NRs were synthesized in the cylindrical pores of sapphire-supported AAO via in situ electroless deposition on catalytic Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) anchored on the pore walls. The morphological characteristics and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) functionality of Au NRs before and after heat treatment were evaluated using SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy. Compared to unconfined Au NRs that evolved into spherical particles at temperatures below 250 °C and subsequently evaporated from the substrate surface, the morphology of Au NRs in AAO was preserved upon heat treatment at temperatures up to 800 °C. Furthermore, by tuning the AAO scaffolds thickness and pore diameter, the aspect ratio (AR) of the entrapped Au NRs was varied from 2.4 to 7.8. The SERS sensitivity of Au NRs in AAO was found to increase with decreasing AR when the incident light was parallel to the rod longitudinal axis, in close agreement with the calculated fourth power of the local electromagnetic field using the finite-difference time domain method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States of America
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15
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Wright RF, Lu P, Devkota J, Lu F, Ziomek-Moroz M, Ohodnicki PR. Corrosion Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Oil and Natural Gas Infrastructure: A Review. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19183964. [PMID: 31540327 PMCID: PMC6767297 DOI: 10.3390/s19183964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Corrosion has been a great concern in the oil and natural gas industry costing billions of dollars annually in the U.S. The ability to monitor corrosion online before structural integrity is compromised can have a significant impact on preventing catastrophic events resulting from corrosion. This article critically reviews conventional corrosion sensors and emerging sensor technologies in terms of sensing principles, sensor designs, advantages, and limitations. Conventional corrosion sensors encompass corrosion coupons, electrical resistance probes, electrochemical sensors, ultrasonic testing sensors, magnetic flux leakage sensors, electromagnetic sensors, and in-line inspection tools. Emerging sensor technologies highlight optical fiber sensors (point, quasi-distributed, distributed) and passive wireless sensors such as passive radio-frequency identification sensors and surface acoustic wave sensors. Emerging sensors show great potential in continuous real-time in-situ monitoring of oil and natural gas infrastructure. Distributed chemical sensing is emphasized based on recent studies as a promising method to detect early corrosion onset and monitor corrosive environments for corrosion mitigation management. Additionally, challenges are discussed including durability and stability in extreme and harsh conditions such as high temperature high pressure in subsurface wellbores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruishu F Wright
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
- Leidos Research Support Team, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
| | - Ping Lu
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
- Leidos Research Support Team, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
| | - Jagannath Devkota
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
- Leidos Research Support Team, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
| | - Fei Lu
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
| | | | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
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16
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Kim KJ, Culp JT, Ohodnicki PR, Cvetic PC, Sanguinito S, Goodman AL, Kwon HT. Alkylamine-Integrated Metal-Organic Framework-Based Waveguide Sensors for Efficient Detection of Carbon Dioxide from Humid Gas Streams. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:33489-33496. [PMID: 31429267 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF)-based chemical sensors have recently been demonstrated to be highly selective, sensitive, and reversible for CO2 sensing across a range of platforms including optical fiber and surface acoustic wave-based sensors. However, interference of water molecules is a primary issue in CO2 sensing systems based upon MOF layers due to cross-sensitivity, stability of MOF-based materials in humid conditions, and associated baseline drift over the lifetime of sensors. Herein, we develop a simple approach of alleviating the negative effect of water vapor to the optical fiber sensor by using alkylamine (i.e., oleylamine) to form a protective hydrophobic layer on the surface of MOFs for improving water stability. Alkylamine-modification of a MOF-coated optical fiber sensor provides a reversible and stable sensing response to a wide range of CO2 concentrations while also enhancing the CO2 sensitivity of the sensor under wet conditions. The FT-IR and breakthrough studies on the oleylamine-modified MOF confirm that the water vapor does not adversely impact the intrinsic CO2 sorption capacities. Thus, this simple stratrgy for enhancing the CO2/H2O selectivity in the MOF sorbent could also be useful for improving CO2 capture/separation performance in flue gas stream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Joong Kim
- National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
- Leidos Research Support Team , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Jeffrey T Culp
- National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
- Leidos Research Support Team , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Patricia C Cvetic
- National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
- Leidos Research Support Team , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Sean Sanguinito
- National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
- Leidos Research Support Team , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Angela L Goodman
- National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Hyuk Taek Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Pukyong National University , 45 Yongso-ro , Nam-gu, Busan 48513 , South Korea
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17
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Crawford SE, Gan XY, Lemaire PCK, Millstone JE, Baltrus JP, Ohodnicki PR. Zinc-Adeninate Metal-Organic Framework: A Versatile Photoluminescent Sensor for Rare Earth Elements in Aqueous Systems. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1986-1991. [PMID: 31361472 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) are strategically important for national security and advanced technologies. Consequently, significant effort has been devoted towards increasing REE domestic production, including the extraction of REEs from coal, coal combustion byproducts, and their associated waste streams such as acid mine drainage. Analytical techniques for rapid quantification of REE content in aqueous phases can facilitate REE recovery through rapid identification of high-value waste streams. In this work, we show that BioMOF-100 can be used as a fluorescent-based sensitizer for emissive REE ion detection in water, providing rapid (<10 min) analysis times and sensitive detection (parts-per-billion detection limits) for terbium, dysprosium, samarium, europium, ytterbium, and neodymium, even in the presence of acids or secondary metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E. Crawford
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States,
Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xing Yee Gan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peter C. K. Lemaire
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E. Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - John P. Baltrus
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States,
Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Paul R. Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States,
Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
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18
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Jee Y, Yu Y, Abernathy HW, Lee S, Kalapos TL, Hackett GA, Ohodnicki PR. Plasmonic Conducting Metal Oxide-Based Optical Fiber Sensors for Chemical and Intermediate Temperature-Sensing Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:42552-42563. [PMID: 30430821 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The demand for real-time sensors in harsh environments at elevated temperature is significant and increasing. In this manuscript, the chemical and temperature sensing using the optical response through the practical fiber platform is demonstrated, and principle component analysis is coupled with targeted experimental film characterization to understand the fundamental sensing layer properties, which dominate measured gas sensing responses in complex gas mixtures. More specifically, tin-doped indium oxide-decorated sensors fabricated with the sol-gel method show stable and stepwise transmission responses varying over a wide range of H2 concentration (5-100%) at 250-350 °C as well as responses to CH4 and CO to a lesser extent. Measured responses are attributed to modifications to the surface plasmon resonance absorption in the near-infrared range and are dominated by the highest concentrations of the most-reducing analyte based upon systematic mixed gas stream experiments. Principal component analysis is utilized for this type of sensor to improve the quantitative and qualitative understanding of responses, clearly identifying that the dominant principle component (PC #1) accounts for ∼78% of total data variance. Correlations between PC #1 and the experimentally derived free carrier concentration confirm that this material property plays the strongest role on the ITO gas sensing mechanism, while correlations between the free carrier mobility and the second most important principle component (PC #2) suggest that this quantity may play a significant but secondary role. As such, the results presented here clarify the relationship between generalized principle components and fundamental sensing materials properties thereby suggesting the pathway toward improved multicomponent gas speciation through sensor layer engineering. The work presented represents a significant step toward the ultimate objective of optical waveguide sensors integrated with multivariate data analytics for multiparameter monitoring with a single sensor element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngseok Jee
- United States Department of Energy , National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
- AECOM , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Yang Yu
- United States Department of Energy , National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
- AECOM , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Harry W Abernathy
- United States Department of Energy , National Energy Technology Laboratory , 3610 Collins Ferry Road , Morgantown , West Virginia 26507 , United States
- AECOM , 3610 Collins Ferry Road , Morgantown , West Virginia 26507 , United States
| | - Shiwoo Lee
- United States Department of Energy , National Energy Technology Laboratory , 3610 Collins Ferry Road , Morgantown , West Virginia 26507 , United States
- AECOM , 3610 Collins Ferry Road , Morgantown , West Virginia 26507 , United States
| | - Thomas L Kalapos
- United States Department of Energy , National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
- AECOM , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
| | - Gregory A Hackett
- United States Department of Energy , National Energy Technology Laboratory , 3610 Collins Ferry Road , Morgantown , West Virginia 26507 , United States
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- United States Department of Energy , National Energy Technology Laboratory , 626 Cochrans Mill Road , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania 15236 , United States
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19
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Devkota J, Kim KJ, Ohodnicki PR, Culp JT, Greve DW, Lekse JW. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-coated acoustic sensors for room temperature detection of carbon dioxide and methane. Nanoscale 2018; 10:8075-8087. [PMID: 29671422 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09536h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The integration of nanoporous materials such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with sensitive transducers can result in robust sensing platforms for monitoring gases and chemical vapors for a range of applications. Here, we report on an integration of the zeolitic imidazolate framework - 8 (ZIF-8) MOF with surface acoustic wave (SAW) and thickness shear mode quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) devices to monitor carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) under ambient conditions. The MOF was directly coated on the Y-Z LiNbO3 SAW delay lines (operating frequency, f0 = 436 MHz) and AT-cut quartz TSM resonators (resonant frequency, f0 = 9 MHz) and the devices were tested for various gases in N2 under ambient conditions. The devices were able to detect the changes in CO2 or CH4 concentrations with relatively higher sensitivity to CO2, which was due to its higher adsorption potential and heavier molecular weight. The sensors showed full reversibility and repeatability which were attributed to the physisorption of the gases into the MOF and high stability of the devices. Both types of sensors showed linear responses relative to changes in the binary gas compositions thereby allowing to construct calibration curves which correlated well with the expected mass changes in the sorbent layer based on mixed-gas gravimetric adsorption isotherms measured on bulk samples. For 200 nm thick films, the SAW sensitivities to CO2 and CH4 were 1.44 × 10-6/vol% and 8 × 10-8/vol%, respectively, against the QCM sensitivities 0.24 × 10-6/vol% and 1 × 10-8/vol%, respectively, which were evaluated as the fractional change in the signal. The SAW sensors were also evaluated for 100 nm-300 nm thick films, the sensitivities of which were found to increase with the thickness due to the increased number of pores for the adsorption of a larger amount of gases. In addition, the MOF-coated SAW delay lines had a good response in wireless mode, demonstrating their potential to operate remotely for the detection of the gases at emission sites across the energy infrastructure.
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20
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Kim KJ, Lu P, Culp JT, Ohodnicki PR. Metal-Organic Framework Thin Film Coated Optical Fiber Sensors: A Novel Waveguide-Based Chemical Sensing Platform. ACS Sens 2018; 3:386-394. [PMID: 29303556 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Integration of optical fiber with sensitive thin films offers great potential for the realization of novel chemical sensing platforms. In this study, we present a simple design strategy and high performance of nanoporous metal-organic framework (MOF) based optical gas sensors, which enables detection of a wide range of concentrations of small molecules based upon extremely small differences in refractive indices as a function of analyte adsorption within the MOF framework. Thin and compact MOF films can be uniformly formed and tightly bound on the surface of etched optical fiber through a simple solution method which is critical for manufacturability of MOF-based sensor devices. The resulting sensors show high sensitivity/selectivity to CO2 gas relative to other small gases (H2, N2, O2, and CO) with rapid (<tens of seconds) response time and excellent reversibility, which can be well correlated to the physisorption of gases into a nanoporous MOF. We propose a refractive index based sensing mechanism for the MOF-integrated optical fiber platform which results in an amplification of inherent optical absorption present within the MOF-based sensing layer with increasing values of effective refractive index associated with adsorption of gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Joong Kim
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- AECOM, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Ping Lu
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- AECOM, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Culp
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- AECOM, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Paul R. Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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21
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Abstract
Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) is capable of identifying molecular fingerprints by resonant detection of infrared vibrational modes through the coupling with plasmonic modes of metallic nanostructures. However, SEIRA for on-chip gas sensing is still not very successful due to the intrinsically weak light-matter interaction between photons and gas molecules and the technical challenges in accumulating sufficient gas species in the vicinity of the spatially localized enhanced electric field, namely, the "hot-spots", generated through plasmonics. In this paper, we present a suspended silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanomembrane device by integrating plasmonic nanopatch gold antennas with metal-organic framework (MOF), which can largely adsorb carbon dioxide (CO2) through its nanoporous structure. Unlike conventional SEIRA sensing relying on highly localized hot-spots of plasmonic nanoantennas or nanoparticles, the device reported in this paper engineered the coupled surface plasmon polaritons in the metal-Si3N4 and metal-MOF interfaces to achieve strong optical field enhancement across the entire MOF film. We successfully demonstrated on-chip gas sensing of CO2 with more than 1800× enhancement factors by combining the concentration effect from the 2.7 μm MOF thin film and the optical field enhancement of the plasmonic nanopatch antennas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ki-Joong Kim
- National Energy Technology Lab, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- AECOM, P.O.
Box 618, South Park, Pennsylvania 15216, United States
| | - Paul R. Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Lab, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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22
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Chong X, Kim KJ, Zhang Y, Li E, Ohodnicki PR, Chang CH, Wang AX. Plasmonic nanopatch array with integrated metal-organic framework for enhanced infrared absorption gas sensing. Nanotechnology 2017; 28:26LT01. [PMID: 28524821 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa7433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, we present a nanophotonic device consisting of plasmonic nanopatch array (NPA) with integrated metal-organic framework (MOF) for enhanced infrared absorption gas sensing. By designing a gold NPA on a sapphire substrate, we are able to achieve enhanced optical field that spatially overlaps with the MOF layer, which can adsorb carbon dioxide (CO2) with high capacity. Experimental results show that this hybrid plasmonic-MOF device can effectively increase the infrared absorption path of on-chip gas sensors by more than 1100-fold. The demonstration of infrared absorption spectroscopy of CO2 using the hybrid plasmonic-MOF device proves a promising strategy for future on-chip gas sensing with ultra-compact size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Chong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America
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23
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Devkota J, Ohodnicki PR, Greve DW. SAW Sensors for Chemical Vapors and Gases. Sensors (Basel) 2017; 17:s17040801. [PMID: 28397760 PMCID: PMC5422162 DOI: 10.3390/s17040801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology provides a sensitive platform for sensing chemicals in gaseous and fluidic states with the inherent advantages of passive and wireless operation. In this review, we provide a general overview on the fundamental aspects and some major advances of Rayleigh wave-based SAW sensors in sensing chemicals in a gaseous phase. In particular, we review the progress in general understanding of the SAW chemical sensing mechanism, optimization of the sensor characteristics, and the development of the sensors operational at different conditions. Based on previous publications, we suggest some appropriate sensing approaches for particular applications and identify new opportunities and needs for additional research in this area moving into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagannath Devkota
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - David W Greve
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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24
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Poole ZL, Ohodnicki PR, Yan A, Lin Y, Chen KP. Potential to Detect Hydrogen Concentration Gradients with Palladium Infused Mesoporous-Titania on D-Shaped Optical Fiber. ACS Sens 2017; 2:87-91. [PMID: 28722436 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A distributed sensing capable high temperature D-shaped optical fiber modified with a palladium nanoparticle sensitized mesoporous (∼5 nm) TiO2 film, is demonstrated. The refractive index of the TiO2 film was reduced using block copolymer templating in order to realize a mesoporous matrix, accommodating integration with optical fiber. The constructed sensor was analyzed by performing direct transmission loss measurements, and by analyzing the behavior of an integrated fiber Bragg grating. The inscribed grating should reveal whether the refractive index of the composite film experiences changes upon exposure to hydrogen. In addition, with frequency domain reflectometry the distributed sensing potential of the developed sensor for hydrogen concentrations of up to 10% is examined. The results show the possibility of detecting chemical gradients with sub-cm resolution at temperatures greater than 500 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt L. Poole
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Paul R. Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Aidong Yan
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Yuankun Lin
- Department
of Physics, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Kevin P. Chen
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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25
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Poole ZL, Ohodnicki PR. Thermal Emissivity-Based Chemical Spectroscopy through Evanescent Tunneling. Adv Mater 2016; 28:3111-3114. [PMID: 26901747 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new spectroscopic technique is presented, with which environmentalchemistry-induced thermal emissivity changes of thin films are extracted with high isolation through evanescent tunneling. With this method the hydrogen-induced emissivity changes of films of TiO2 , Pd-TiO2 , and Au-TiO2 , with properties of high conductivity, hydrogen chemisorption, and plasmonic activity, are characterized in the UV-vis and NIR wavelength ranges, at 1073 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt L Poole
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236, USA
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26
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Kauffman DR, Thakkar J, Siva R, Matranga C, Ohodnicki PR, Zeng C, Jin R. Efficient electrochemical CO2 conversion powered by renewable energy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:15626-32. [PMID: 26121278 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic conversion of CO2 into industrially relevant chemicals is one strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Along these lines, electrochemical CO2 conversion technologies are attractive because they can operate with high reaction rates at ambient conditions. However, electrochemical systems require electricity, and CO2 conversion processes must integrate with carbon-free, renewable-energy sources to be viable on larger scales. We utilize Au25 nanoclusters as renewably powered CO2 conversion electrocatalysts with CO2 → CO reaction rates between 400 and 800 L of CO2 per gram of catalytic metal per hour and product selectivities between 80 and 95%. These performance metrics correspond to conversion rates approaching 0.8-1.6 kg of CO2 per gram of catalytic metal per hour. We also present data showing CO2 conversion rates and product selectivity strongly depend on catalyst loading. Optimized systems demonstrate stable operation and reaction turnover numbers (TONs) approaching 6 × 10(6) molCO2 molcatalyst(-1) during a multiday (36 h total hours) CO2 electrolysis experiment containing multiple start/stop cycles. TONs between 1 × 10(6) and 4 × 10(6) molCO2 molcatalyst(-1) were obtained when our system was powered by consumer-grade renewable-energy sources. Daytime photovoltaic-powered CO2 conversion was demonstrated for 12 h and we mimicked low-light or nighttime operation for 24 h with a solar-rechargeable battery. This proof-of-principle study provides some of the initial performance data necessary for assessing the scalability and technical viability of electrochemical CO2 conversion technologies. Specifically, we show the following: (1) all electrochemical CO2 conversion systems will produce a net increase in CO2 emissions if they do not integrate with renewable-energy sources, (2) catalyst loading vs activity trends can be used to tune process rates and product distributions, and (3) state-of-the-art renewable-energy technologies are sufficient to power larger-scale, tonne per day CO2 conversion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Kauffman
- †National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Jay Thakkar
- †National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Rajan Siva
- †National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Christopher Matranga
- †National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Paul R Ohodnicki
- †National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Chenjie Zeng
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rongchao Jin
- ‡Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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27
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Wang C, Ohodnicki PR, Su X, Keller M, Brown TD, Baltrus JP. Novel silica surface charge density mediated control of the optical properties of embedded optically active materials and its application for fiber optic pH sensing at elevated temperatures. Nanoscale 2015; 7:2527-2535. [PMID: 25572664 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06232a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silica and silica incorporated nanocomposite materials have been extensively studied for a wide range of applications. Here we demonstrate an intriguing optical effect of silica that, depending on the solution pH, amplifies or attenuates the optical absorption of a variety of embedded optically active materials with very distinct properties, such as plasmonic Au nanoparticles, non-plasmonic Pt nanoparticles, and the organic dye rhodamine B (not a pH indicator), coated on an optical fiber. Interestingly, the observed optical response to varying pH appears to follow the surface charge density of the silica matrix for all the three different optically active materials. To the best of our knowledge, this optical effect has not been previously reported and it appears universal in that it is likely that any optically active material can be incorporated into the silica matrix to respond to solution pH or surface charge density variations. A direct application of this effect is for optical pH sensing which has very attractive features that can enable minimally invasive, remote, real time and continuous distributed pH monitoring. Particularly, as demonstrated here, using highly stable metal nanoparticles embedded in an inorganic silica matrix can significantly improve the capability of pH sensing in extremely harsh environments which is of increasing importance for applications in unconventional oil and gas resource recovery, carbon sequestration, water quality monitoring, etc. Our approach opens a pathway towards possible future development of robust optical pH sensors for the most demanding environmental conditions. The newly discovered optical effect of silica also offers the potential for control of the optical properties of optically active materials for a range of other potential applications such as electrochromic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjun Wang
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
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Ohodnicki PR, Buric MP, Brown TD, Matranga C, Wang C, Baltrus J, Andio M. Plasmonic nanocomposite thin film enabled fiber optic sensors for simultaneous gas and temperature sensing at extreme temperatures. Nanoscale 2013; 5:9030-9039. [PMID: 23948985 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02891g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Embedded sensors capable of operation in extreme environments including high temperatures, high pressures, and highly reducing, oxidizing and/or corrosive environments can make a significant impact on enhanced efficiencies and reduced greenhouse gas emissions of current and future fossil-based power generation systems. Relevant technologies can also be leveraged in a wide range of other applications with similar needs including nuclear power generation, industrial process monitoring and control, and aviation/aerospace. Here we describe a novel approach to embedded sensing under extreme temperature conditions by integration of Au-nanoparticle based plasmonic nanocomposite thin films with optical fibers in an evanescent wave absorption spectroscopy configuration. Such sensors can potentially enable simultaneous temperature and gas sensing at temperatures approaching 900-1000 °C in a manner compatible with embedded and distributed sensing approaches. The approach is demonstrated using the Au/SiO2 system deposited on silica-based optical fibers. Stability of optical fibers under relevant high temperature conditions and interactions with changing ambient gas atmospheres is an area requiring additional investigation and development but the simplicity of the sensor design makes it potentially cost-effective and may offer a potential for widespread deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, USA.
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Wang C, Ranasingha O, Natesakhawat S, Ohodnicki PR, Andio M, Lewis JP, Matranga C. Visible light plasmonic heating of Au-ZnO for the catalytic reduction of CO2. Nanoscale 2013; 5:6968-6974. [PMID: 23794025 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02001k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic excitation of Au nanoparticles attached to the surface of ZnO catalysts using low power 532 nm laser illumination leads to significant heating of the catalyst and the conversion of CO2 and H2 reactants to CH4 and CO products. Temperature-calibrated Raman spectra of ZnO phonons show that intensity-dependent plasmonic excitation can controllably heat Au-ZnO from 30 to ~600 °C and simultaneously tune the CH4 : CO product ratio. The laser induced heating and resulting CH4 : CO product distribution agrees well with predictions from thermodynamic models and temperature-programmed reaction experiments indicating that the reaction is a thermally driven process resulting from the plasmonic heating of the Au-ZnO. The apparent quantum yield for CO2 conversion under continuous wave (cw) 532 nm laser illumination is 0.030%. The Au-ZnO catalysts are robust and remain active after repeated laser exposure and cycling. The light intensity required to initiate CO2 reduction is low (~2.5 × 10(5) W m(-2)) and achievable with solar concentrators. Our results illustrate the viability of plasmonic heating approaches for CO2 utilization and other practical thermal catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjun Wang
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA.
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Natesakhawat S, Ohodnicki PR, Howard BH, Lekse JW, Baltrus JP, Matranga C. Adsorption and Deactivation Characteristics of Cu/ZnO-Based Catalysts for Methanol Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide. Top Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-013-0111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ohodnicki PR, Brown TD, Buric MP, Baltrus JP, Chorpening B. Plasmon resonance at extreme temperatures in sputtered Au nanoparticle incorporated TiO2films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1117/12.930058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Natesakhawat S, Lekse JW, Baltrus JP, Ohodnicki PR, Howard BH, Deng X, Matranga C. Active Sites and Structure–Activity Relationships of Copper-Based Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs300008g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sittichai Natesakhawat
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
15260, United States
| | - Jonathan W. Lekse
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - John P. Baltrus
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Paul R. Ohodnicki
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Bret H. Howard
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Xingyi Deng
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- URS, P.O. Box 618, South Park, Pennsylvania 15129,
United States
| | - Christopher Matranga
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, P.O. Box 10940,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
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