1
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Uchida T. Taste Sensor Assessment of Bitterness in Medicines: Overview and Recent Topics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4799. [PMID: 39123846 PMCID: PMC11314865 DOI: 10.3390/s24154799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, taste sensors have been increasingly utilized to assess the taste of oral medicines, particularly focusing on bitterness, a major obstacle to patient acceptance and adherence. This objective and safe method holds promise for enhancing the development of patient-friendly medicines in pharmaceutical companies. This review article introduces its application in measuring the intensity of bitterness in medicine, confirming the achievement of taste masking, distinguishing taste differences between branded and generic medicines, and identifying substances to suppress bitterness in target medicines. Another application of the sensor is to predict a significant increase in bitterness when medicine is taken with certain foods/beverages or concomitant medication. Additionally, to verify the sensor's predictability, a significant correlation has been demonstrated between the output of a bitter-sensitive sensor designed for drug bitterness (BT0) and the bitterness responses of the human taste receptor hT2R14 from BitterDB (huji.ac.il). As a recent advancement, a novel taste sensor equipped with lipid/polymer membranes modified by 3-Br-2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,6-DHBA), based on the concept of allostery, is introduced. This sensor successfully predicts the bitterness of non-charged pharmaceuticals with xanthine skeletons, such as caffeine or related compounds. Finally, the future prospects of taste sensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Uchida
- Food and Health Innovation Center, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1, Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan;
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68, Koshien 9-Bancho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
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2
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Zhao Z, Song F, Kimura S, Onodera T, Uchida T, Toko K. Assessment of Bitterness in Non-Charged Pharmaceuticals with a Taste Sensor: A Study on Substances with Xanthine Scaffold and Allopurinol. Molecules 2024; 29:2452. [PMID: 38893328 PMCID: PMC11173402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Taste sensors with an allostery approach have been studied to detect non-charged bitter substances, such as xanthine derivatives, used in foods (e.g., caffeine) or pharmaceuticals (e.g., etofylline). In this study, the authors modified a taste sensor with 3-bromo-2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid and used it in conjunction with sensory tests to assess the bitterness of non-charged pharmaceuticals with xanthine scaffolds (i.e., acefylline and doxofylline), as well as allopurinol, an analogue of hypoxanthine. The results show that the sensor was able to differentiate between different levels of sample bitterness. For instance, when assessing a 30 mM sample solution, the sensor response to acefylline was 34.24 mV, which corresponded to the highest level of bitterness (τ = 3.50), while the response to allopurinol was lowest at 2.72 mV, corresponding to relatively weaker bitterness (τ = 0.50). Additionally, this study extended the application of the sensor to detect pentoxifylline, an active pharmaceutical ingredient in pediatric medicines. These results underscore the taste sensor's value as an additional tool for early-stage assessment and prediction of bitterness in non-charged pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhao
- Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan (T.O.)
| | - Fang Song
- Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan (T.O.)
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
- Food and Health Innovation Center, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
| | - Takeshi Onodera
- Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan (T.O.)
| | - Takahiro Uchida
- Food and Health Innovation Center, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women’s University, 11-68 Koshien 9-Bancho, Nishimiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Toko
- Research and Development Center for Five-Sense Devices, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Food and Health Innovation Center, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
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3
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Pastore A, Badocco D, Cappellin L, Tubiana M, Pastore P. Positively Charged Organosilanes Covalently Linked to the Silica Network as Modulating Tools for the Salinity Correction of pH Values Obtained with Colorimetric Sensor Arrays (CSAs). SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:417. [PMID: 38257510 PMCID: PMC10818285 DOI: 10.3390/s24020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Seven increasing levels of water salinity from 0.029 to 0.600 M (as NaCl) were used to investigate the dependence of pH measurement, performed using colorimetric sensor arrays (CSAs), on ionic strength. The CSAs were arrays of sensing spots prepared in the form of sol-gel-embedding Bromothymol Blue (BB) and Bromocresol Green (BCG) in a porous nitrocellulose support. The support was impregnated over the entire thickness (≈100 µm), allowing for the signal (Hue) acquisition on the opposite side to the contact with the sample solution. Three CSAs were prepared, M1, M2, and M3. M1 contained a free cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium p-toluenesulfonate (CTApTs), for modulating the pKa of the indicators. In M2, the surfactant dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride (DTSACl) was covalently bonded to the sol-gel. M3 was prepared like M2 but using a larger amount of ethanol as the solvent for the synthesis. The modulation of the CTApTs or the DTSACl concentration enabled the tuning of the pKa. In general, the pKa modulation ability decreased with the increase in salinity. The presence of a surfactant covalently linked to the backbone partially reduced the competitiveness of the anionic species, improving the results. Nevertheless, the salt effect was still present, and a correction algorithm was required. Between pH 5.00 and 12.00, this correction could be made automatically by using spots taken as references to produce sensors independent of salinity. As the salt effect is virtually absent above 0.160 M, M2 and M3 can be used for future applications in seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Pastore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padua, Italy; (A.P.); (D.B.); (L.C.); (M.T.)
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4
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Wang D, Qian L, Zhang F, Mallires K, Tipparaju VV, Yu J, Forzani E, Jia C, Yang Q, Tao N, Xian X. Multiplexed Chemical Sensing CMOS Imager. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3335-3342. [PMID: 36269087 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A miniaturized and multiplexed chemical sensing technology is urgently needed to empower mobile devices and robots for various new applications such as mobile health and Internet of Things. Here, we show that a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imager can be turned into a multiplexed colorimetric sensing chip by coating micron-scale sensing spots on the CMOS imager surface. Each sensing spot contains nanocomposites of colorimetric sensing probes and silica nanoparticles that enhance sensing signals by several orders of magnitude. The sensitivity is spot-size-invariant, and high-performance gas sensing can be achieved on sensing spots as small as ∼10 μm. This great scalability combined with millions of pixels of a CMOS imager offers a promising platform for highly integrated chemical sensors. To prove its compatibility with mobile electronics, we have built a smartphone accessory based on this chemical CMOS sensor and demonstrated that personal health management can be achieved through the detection of gaseous biomarkers and pollutants. We anticipate that this new platform will pave the way for the widespread application of chemical sensing in mobile electronics and wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China.,Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Libin Qian
- Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China
| | - Fenni Zhang
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kyle Mallires
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Vishal Varun Tipparaju
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Erica Forzani
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Changku Jia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.,Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Intelligent Perception Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311100, China.,State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Joint International Research Laboratory of Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Nongjian Tao
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Xiaojun Xian
- Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
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5
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Belugina R, Senchikhina A, Volkov S, Fedorov A, Legin A, Kirsanov D. Quantification of phosphatides in sunflower oils using a potentiometric e-tongue. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:3064-3070. [PMID: 35938623 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00736c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Consisting of two fatty acyl groups, phospholipids are a vital part of vegetable oils and the source of essential fatty acids. Moreover, phospholipids influence oxidative and flavor stability and color evolution of vegetable oils, and their quantification has a significant role in the quality assessment of oils. In this study, we proposed a new highly efficient, affordable, environmentally friendly, and simple approach for the evaluation of phospholipid concentrations based on potentiometric multisensor systems coupled with chemometric data processing. Support vector machines, partial least squares, and multiple linear regressions were used to predict phosphatide concentrations based on potentiometric multisensor system responses. Application of multivariate regression tools yielded the following root mean square errors of prediction: 0.005 mg/100 g of oil in the range 0.0-59.4 mg/100 g for refined oils; 0.008 mg/100 g in the range 0.0-100 mg/100 g for low phosphatide oils and 0.24 mg/100 g in the range 100-2270 mg/100 g for high phosphatide oils. This approach can be considered as a rapid and straightforward method to quantify the phosphatides in sunflower oils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergey Volkov
- All-Russian Research Institute of Fats (ARRIF), St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Fedorov
- ITMO University, St Petersburg, Russia.
- All-Russian Research Institute of Fats (ARRIF), St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Legin
- ITMO University, St Petersburg, Russia.
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Kirsanov
- ITMO University, St Petersburg, Russia.
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russia
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6
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Recent trends in quality control, discrimination and authentication of alcoholic beverages using nondestructive instrumental techniques. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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The Self-Calibration Method for the Vertex Distance of the Elliptical Paraboloid Array. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9173485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The elliptical paraboloid array plays an important role in precision measurement, astronomical telescopes, and communication systems. The calibration of the vertex distance of elliptical paraboloids is of great significance to precise 2D displacement measurement. However, there are some difficulties in determining the vertex position with contact measurement. In this study, an elliptical paraboloid array and an optical slope sensor for displacement measurement were designed and analyzed. Meanwhile, considering the geometrical relationship and relative angle between elliptical paraboloids, a non-contact self-calibration method for the vertex distance of the elliptical paraboloid array was proposed. The proposed self-calibration method was verified by a series of experiments with a high repeatability, within 3 μ m in the X direction and within 1 μ m in the Y direction. Through calibration, the displacement measurement system error was reduced from 100 μ m to 3 μ m . The self-calibration method of the elliptical paraboloid array has great potential in the displacement measurement field, with a simple principle and high precision.
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8
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Lv R, Huang X, Aheto JH, Dai C, Tian X. Research on reaction mechanism of colorimetric sensor array with lead and its application for determination of lead content of fish. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riqin Lv
- School of biological science and food engineeringChuzhou University Chuzhou Anhui P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xingyi Huang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P. R. China
| | | | - Chunxia Dai
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P. R. China
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9
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Jiang H, Xu W, Chen Q. Monitoring of Cell Concentration during Saccharomyces cerevisiae Culture by a Color Sensor: Optimization of Feature Sensor Using ACO. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E2021. [PMID: 31052151 PMCID: PMC6539390 DOI: 10.3390/s19092021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The odor information produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture is one of the important characteristics of yeast growth status. This work innovatively presents the quantitative monitoring of cell concentration during the yeast culture process using a homemade color sensor. First, a color sensor array, which could visually represent the odor changes produced during the yeast culture process, was developed using eleven porphyrins and one pH indicator. Second, odor information of the culture substrate was obtained during the process using the homemade color sensor. Next, color components, which came from different color sensitive spots, were extracted first and then optimized using the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm. Finally, the back propagation neural network (BPNN) model was developed using the optimized feature color components for quantitative monitoring of cell concentration. Results demonstrated that BPNN models, which were developed using two color components from FTPPFeCl (component B) and MTPPTE (component B), can obtain better results on the basis of both the comprehensive consideration of the model performance and the economic benefit. In the validation set, the average of determination coefficient R P 2 was 0.8837 and the variance was 0.0725, while the average of root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 1.0033 and the variance was 0.1452. The overall results sufficiently demonstrate that the optimized sensor array can satisfy the monitoring accuracy and stability of the cell concentration in the process of yeast culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Weidong Xu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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10
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Patil VS, Lee MG, Yun J, Lee JS, Lim SH, Yi GR. Chemically Resistant Perfluoroalkoxy Nanoparticle-Packed Porous Substrates and Their Use in Colorimetric Sensor Arrays. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13014-13024. [PMID: 30278141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To create printing substrates for colorimetric sensor arrays, chemically resistant membranes are prepared by coating cellulose filter paper with perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) polymer nanoparticles. A water-based fluorothermoplastic polymer dispersion was diluted with an organic solvent that causes weak aggregation of polymer nanoparticles. The resulting solution improved adhesion between the polymer and the cellulose membrane, providing a more mechanically stable substrate. These PFA polymer-coated substrates demonstrated superior chemical resistance against strong alkalines and had relatively uniform nanoporous structures that substantially improved the printability of a colorimetric sensor array. Finally, colorimetric sensor arrays printed on these substrates were evaluated for the detection of four different toxic industrial chemicals (e.g., ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide) at or below their permissible exposure limits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sung H Lim
- iSense LLC , Mountain View , California 94043 , United States
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11
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Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti M, Apetrei C, Lozano J, Anyogu A. Potential use of electronic noses, electronic tongues and biosensors as multisensor systems for spoilage examination in foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Optical molecular analysis using office flatbed photo scanner: New approaches and solutions. Talanta 2018; 178:377-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Identification of the Rice Wines with Different Marked Ages by Electronic Nose Coupled with Smartphone and Cloud Storage Platform. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17112500. [PMID: 29088076 PMCID: PMC5712832 DOI: 10.3390/s17112500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a portable electronic nose (E-nose) was self-developed to identify rice wines with different marked ages—all the operations of the E-nose were controlled by a special Smartphone Application. The sensor array of the E-nose was comprised of 12 MOS sensors and the obtained response values were transmitted to the Smartphone thorough a wireless communication module. Then, Aliyun worked as a cloud storage platform for the storage of responses and identification models. The measurement of the E-nose was composed of the taste information obtained phase (TIOP) and the aftertaste information obtained phase (AIOP). The area feature data obtained from the TIOP and the feature data obtained from the TIOP-AIOP were applied to identify rice wines by using pattern recognition methods. Principal component analysis (PCA), locally linear embedding (LLE) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were applied for the classification of those wine samples. LDA based on the area feature data obtained from the TIOP-AIOP proved a powerful tool and showed the best classification results. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and support vector machine (SVM) were applied for the predictions of marked ages and SVM (R2 = 0.9942) worked much better than PLSR.
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14
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Nader CA, Loutfi H, Pellen F, Jeune BL, Le Brun G, Lteif R, Abboud M. Assessing White Wine Viscosity Variation Using Polarized Laser Speckle: A Promising Alternative to Wine Sensory Analysis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E2340. [PMID: 29027936 PMCID: PMC5677228 DOI: 10.3390/s17102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report measurements of wine viscosity, correlated to polarized laser speckle results. Experiments were performed on white wine samples produced with a single grape variety. Effects of the wine making cellar, the grape variety, and the vintage on wine Brix degree, alcohol content, viscosity, and speckle parameters are considered. We show that speckle parameters, namely, spatial contrast and speckle decorrelation time, as well as the inertia moment extracted from the temporal history speckle pattern, are mainly affected by the alcohol and sugar content and hence the wine viscosity. Principal component analysis revealed a high correlation between laser speckle results on the one hand and viscosity and Brix degree values on the other. As speckle analysis proved to be an efficient method of measuring the variation of the viscosity of white mono-variety wine, one can therefore consider it as an alternative method to wine sensory analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Abou Nader
- Physics Department, UR TVA, Faculty of Science, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon.
| | - Hadi Loutfi
- Physics Department, UR TVA, Faculty of Science, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon.
| | - Fabrice Pellen
- Laboratoire OPTIMAG (EA 938), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Bernard Le Jeune
- Laboratoire OPTIMAG (EA 938), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Guy Le Brun
- Laboratoire OPTIMAG (EA 938), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Roger Lteif
- Chemistry Department, UR TVA, Faculty of Science, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon.
| | - Marie Abboud
- Physics Department, UR TVA, Faculty of Science, Saint Joseph University, B.P. 11-514-Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon.
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15
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Gu Y, Wang YF, Li Q, Liu ZW. A 3D CFD Simulation and Analysis of Flow-Induced Forces on Polymer Piezoelectric Sensors in a Chinese Liquors Identification E-Nose. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16101738. [PMID: 27775622 PMCID: PMC5087523 DOI: 10.3390/s16101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chinese liquors can be classified according to their flavor types. Accurate identification of Chinese liquor flavors is not always possible through professional sommeliers' subjective assessment. A novel polymer piezoelectric sensor electric nose (e-nose) can be applied to distinguish Chinese liquors because of its excellent ability in imitating human senses by using sensor arrays and pattern recognition systems. The sensor, based on the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) principle is comprised of a quartz piezoelectric crystal plate sandwiched between two specific gas-sensitive polymer coatings. Chinese liquors are identified by obtaining the resonance frequency value changes of each sensor using the e-nose. However, the QCM principle failed to completely account for a particular phenomenon: we found that the resonance frequency values fluctuated in the stable state. For better understanding the phenomenon, a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation using the finite volume method is employed to study the influence of the flow-induced forces to the resonance frequency fluctuation of each sensor in the sensor box. A dedicated procedure was developed for modeling the flow of volatile gas from Chinese liquors in a realistic scenario to give reasonably good results with fair accuracy. The flow-induced forces on the sensors are displayed from the perspective of their spatial-temporal and probability density distributions. To evaluate the influence of the fluctuation of the flow-induced forces on each sensor and ensure the serviceability of the e-nose, the standard deviation of resonance frequency value (SDF) and the standard deviation of resultant forces (SDFy) in y-direction (Fy) are compared. Results show that the fluctuations of Fy are bound up with the resonance frequency values fluctuations. To ensure that the sensor's resonance frequency values are steady and only fluctuate slightly, in order to improve the identification accuracy of Chinese liquors using the e-nose, the sensors in the sensor box should be in the proper place, i.e., where the fluctuations of the flow-induced forces is relatively small. This plays a significant reference role in determining the optimum design of the e-nose for accurately identifying Chinese liquors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yang-Fu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zu-Wu Liu
- School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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16
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Li Y, Hou C, Lei J, Deng B, Huang J, Yang M. Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides with Colorimetry and Computer Image Analysis. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:719-24. [PMID: 27396650 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) represent a very important class of pesticides that are widely used in agriculture because of their relatively high-performance and moderate environmental persistence, hence the sensitive and specific detection of OPs is highly significant. Based on the inhibitory effect of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) induced by inhibitors, including OPs and carbamates, a colorimetric analysis was used for detection of OPs with computer image analysis of color density in CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow and black) color space and non-linear modeling. The results showed that there was a gradually weakened trend of yellow intensity with the increase of the concentration of dichlorvos. The quantitative analysis of dichlorvos was achieved by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling, and the results showed that the established model had a good predictive ability between training sets and predictive sets. Real cabbage samples containing dichlorvos were detected by colorimetry and gas chromatography (GC), respectively. The results showed that there was no significant difference between colorimetry and GC (P > 0.05). The experiments of accuracy, precision and repeatability revealed good performance for detection of OPs. AChE can also be inhibited by carbamates, and therefore this method has potential applications in real samples for OPs and carbamates because of high selectivity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheology Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University
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