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Gong Z, Zeng L, Jiang B, Zhu R, Wang J, Li M, Shao A, Lv Z, Zhang M, Guo L, Li G, Sun J, Chen Y. Dynamic cerebral blood flow assessment based on electromagnetic coupling sensing and image feature analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1276795. [PMID: 38449677 PMCID: PMC10915240 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1276795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic assessment of cerebral blood flow (CBF) is crucial for guiding personalized management and treatment strategies, and improving the prognosis of stroke. However, a safe, reliable, and effective method for dynamic CBF evaluation is currently lacking in clinical practice. In this study, we developed a CBF monitoring system utilizing electromagnetic coupling sensing (ECS). This system detects variations in brain conductivity and dielectric constant by identifying the resonant frequency (RF) in an equivalent circuit containing both magnetic induction and electrical coupling. We evaluated the performance of the system using a self-made physical model of blood vessel pulsation to test pulsatile CBF. Additionally, we recruited 29 healthy volunteers to monitor cerebral oxygen (CO), cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) data and RF data before and after caffeine consumption. We analyzed RF and CBFV trends during immediate responses to abnormal intracranial blood supply, induced by changes in vascular stiffness, and compared them with CO data. Furthermore, we explored a method of dynamically assessing the overall level of CBF by leveraging image feature analysis. Experimental testing substantiates that this system provides a detection range and depth enhanced by three to four times compared to conventional electromagnetic detection techniques, thereby comprehensively covering the principal intracranial blood supply areas. And the system effectively captures CBF responses under different intravascular pressure stimulations. In healthy volunteers, as cerebral vascular stiffness increases and CO decreases due to caffeine intake, the RF pulsation amplitude diminishes progressively. Upon extraction and selection of image features, widely used machine learning algorithms exhibit commendable performance in classifying overall CBF levels. These results highlight that our proposed methodology, predicated on ECS and image feature analysis, enables the capture of immediate responses of abnormal intracranial blood supply triggered by alterations in vascular stiffness. Moreover, it provides an accurate diagnosis of the overall CBF level under varying physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Gong
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingxi Zeng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyan Li
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ansheng Shao
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zexiang Lv
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Maoting Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li M, Zhu R, Li G, Yin S, Zeng L, Bai Z, Chen J, Jiang B, Li L, Wu Y. Point-of-care testing for cerebral edema types based on symmetric cancellation near-field coupling phase shift and support vector machine. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:80. [PMID: 37582824 PMCID: PMC10428563 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral edema is an extremely common secondary disease in post-stroke. Point-of-care testing for cerebral edema types has important clinical significance for the precise management to prevent poor prognosis. Nevertheless, there has not been a fully accepted bedside testing method for that. METHODS A symmetric cancellation near-field coupling phase shift (NFCPS) monitoring system is established based on the symmetry of the left and right hemispheres and the fact that unilateral lesions do not affect healthy hemispheres. For exploring the feasibility of this system to reflect the occurrence and development of cerebral edema, 13 rabbits divided into experimental group (n = 8) and control group (n = 5) were performed 24-h NFCPS continuous monitoring experiments. After time difference offset and feature band averaging processing, the changing trend of NFCPS at the stages dominated by cytotoxic edema (CE) and vasogenic edema (VE), respectively, was analyzed. Furthermore, the features under the different time windows were extracted. Then, a discriminative model of cerebral edema types based on support vector machines (SVM) was established and performance of multiple feature combinations was compared. RESULTS The NFCPS monitoring outcomes of experimental group endured focal ischemia modeling by thrombin injection show a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, reaching the lowest value of - 35.05° at the 6th hour. Those of control group do not display obvious upward or downward trend and only fluctuate around the initial value with an average change of - 0.12°. Furthermore, four features under the 1-h and 2-h time windows were extracted. Based on the discriminative model of cerebral edema types, the classification accuracy of 1-h window is higher than 90% and the specificity is close to 1, which is almost the same as the performance of the 2-h window. CONCLUSION This study proves the feasibility of NFCPS technology combined with SVM to distinguish cerebral edema types in a short time, which is promised to become a new solution for immediate and precise management of dehydration therapy after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 401135 China
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Shengtong Yin
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Lingxi Zeng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Bin Jiang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 401135 China
| | - Lihong Li
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 401135 China
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054 China
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Müller SJ, Henkes E, Gounis MJ, Felber S, Ganslandt O, Henkes H. Non-Invasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062209. [PMID: 36983213 PMCID: PMC10051320 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring plays a key role in the treatment of patients in intensive care units, as well as during long-term surgeries and interventions. The gold standard is invasive measurement and monitoring via ventricular drainage or a parenchymal probe. In recent decades, numerous methods for non-invasive measurement have been evaluated but none have become established in routine clinical practice. The aim of this study was to reflect on the current state of research and shed light on relevant techniques for future clinical application. (2) Methods: We performed a PubMed search for “non-invasive AND ICP AND (measurement OR monitoring)” and identified 306 results. On the basis of these search results, we conducted an in-depth source analysis to identify additional methods. Studies were analyzed for design, patient type (e.g., infants, adults, and shunt patients), statistical evaluation (correlation, accuracy, and reliability), number of included measurements, and statistical assessment of accuracy and reliability. (3) Results: MRI-ICP and two-depth Doppler showed the most potential (and were the most complex methods). Tympanic membrane temperature, diffuse correlation spectroscopy, natural resonance frequency, and retinal vein approaches were also promising. (4) Conclusions: To date, no convincing evidence supports the use of a particular method for non-invasive intracranial pressure measurement. However, many new approaches are under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Johannes Müller
- Neuroradiologische Klinik, Klinikum Stuttgart, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)711-278-34501
| | - Elina Henkes
- Neuroradiologische Klinik, Klinikum Stuttgart, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthew J. Gounis
- New England Center for Stroke Research, Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Stephan Felber
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Neuroradiologie, Stiftungsklinikum Mittelrhein, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Oliver Ganslandt
- Neurochirurgische Klinik, Klinikum Stuttgart, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hans Henkes
- Neuroradiologische Klinik, Klinikum Stuttgart, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany
- Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Duisburg-Essen, D-47057 Duisburg, Germany
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Griffith JL, Cluff K, Downes GM, Eckerman B, Bhandari S, Loflin BE, Becker R, Alruwaili F, Mohammed N. Wearable Sensing System for NonInvasive Monitoring of Intracranial BioFluid Shifts in Aerospace Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:985. [PMID: 36679781 PMCID: PMC9860908 DOI: 10.3390/s23020985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The alteration of the hydrostatic pressure gradient in the human body has been associated with changes in human physiology, including abnormal blood flow, syncope, and visual impairment. The focus of this study was to evaluate changes in the resonant frequency of a wearable electromagnetic resonant skin patch sensor during simulated physiological changes observed in aerospace applications. Simulated microgravity was induced in eight healthy human participants (n = 8), and the implementation of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) countermeasures was induced in four healthy human participants (n = 4). The average shift in resonant frequency was -13.76 ± 6.49 MHz for simulated microgravity with a shift in intracranial pressure (ICP) of 9.53 ± 1.32 mmHg, and a shift of 8.80 ± 5.2097 MHz for LBNP with a shift in ICP of approximately -5.83 ± 2.76 mmHg. The constructed regression model to explain the variance in shifts in ICP using the shifts in resonant frequency (R2 = 0.97) resulted in a root mean square error of 1.24. This work demonstrates a strong correlation between sensor signal response and shifts in ICP. Furthermore, this study establishes a foundation for future work integrating wearable sensors with alert systems and countermeasure recommendations for pilots and astronauts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L. Griffith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kim Cluff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | - Grant M. Downes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Brandon Eckerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | - Subash Bhandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Benjamin E. Loflin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ryan Becker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Fayez Alruwaili
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Noor Mohammed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Mohammed N, Cluff K, Sutton M, Villafana-Ibarra B, Loflin BE, Griffith JL, Becker R, Bhandari S, Alruwaili F, Desai J. A Flexible Near-Field Biosensor for Multisite Arterial Blood Flow Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8389. [PMID: 36366092 PMCID: PMC9657423 DOI: 10.3390/s22218389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Modern wearable devices show promising results in terms of detecting vital bodily signs from the wrist. However, there remains a considerable need for a device that can conform to the human body's variable geometry to accurately detect those vital signs and to understand health better. Flexible radio frequency (RF) resonators are well poised to address this need by providing conformable bio-interfaces suitable for different anatomical locations. In this work, we develop a compact wearable RF biosensor that detects multisite hemodynamic events due to pulsatile blood flow through noninvasive tissue-electromagnetic (EM) field interaction. The sensor consists of a skin patch spiral resonator and a wearable transceiver. During resonance, the resonator establishes a strong capacitive coupling with layered dielectric tissues due to impedance matching. Therefore, any variation in the dielectric properties within the near-field of the coupled system will result in field perturbation. This perturbation also results in RF carrier modulation, transduced via a demodulator in the transceiver unit. The main elements of the transceiver consist of a direct digital synthesizer for RF carrier generation and a demodulator unit comprised of a resistive bridge coupled with an envelope detector, a filter, and an amplifier. In this work, we build and study the sensor at the radial artery, thorax, carotid artery, and supraorbital locations of a healthy human subject, which hold clinical significance in evaluating cardiovascular health. The carrier frequency is tuned at the resonance of the spiral resonator, which is 34.5 ± 1.5 MHz. The resulting transient waveforms from the demodulator indicate the presence of hemodynamic events, i.e., systolic upstroke, systolic peak, dicrotic notch, and diastolic downstroke. The preliminary results also confirm the sensor's ability to detect multisite blood flow events noninvasively on a single wearable platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Mohammed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | - Kim Cluff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | - Mark Sutton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | | | - Benjamin E. Loflin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jacob L. Griffith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ryan Becker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Subash Bhandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Fayez Alruwaili
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
| | - Jaydip Desai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
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Rangaiah PKB, Mandal B, Avetisyan E, Chezhian AS, Augustine B, Perez MD, Augustine R. Preliminary Analysis of Burn Degree Using Non-invasive Microwave Spiral Resonator Sensor for Clinical Applications. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:859498. [PMID: 35479303 PMCID: PMC9037089 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.859498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The European “Senseburn” project aims to develop a smart, portable, non-invasive microwave early effective diagnostic tool to assess the depth(d) and degree of burn. The objective of the work is to design and develop a convenient non-invasive microwave sensor for the analysis of the burn degree on burnt human skin. The flexible and biocompatible microwave sensor is developed using a magnetically coupled loop probe with a spiral resonator (SR). The sensor is realized with precise knowledge of the lumped element characteristics (resistor (R), an inductor (L), and a capacitor (C) RLC parameters). The estimated electrical equivalent circuit technique relies on a rigorous method enabling a comprehensive characterization of the sensor (loop probe and SR). The microwave resonator sensor with high quality factor (Q) is simulated using a CST studio suite, AWR microwave office, and fabricated on the RO 3003 substrate with a standard thickness of 0.13 mm. The sensor is prepared based on the change in dielectric property variation in the burnt skin. The sensor can detect a range of permittivity variations (εr 3–38). The sensor is showing a good response in changing resonance frequency between 1.5 and 1.71 GHz for (εr 3 to 38). The sensor is encapsulated with PDMS for the biocompatible property. The dimension of the sensor element is length (L) = 39 mm, width (W) = 34 mm, and thickness (T) = 1.4 mm. The software algorithm is prepared to automate the process of burn analysis. The proposed electromagnetic (EM) resonator based sensor provides a non-invasive technique to assess burn degree by monitoring the changes in resonance frequency. Most of the results are based on numerical simulation. We propose the unique circuit set up and the sensor device based on the information generated from the simulation in this article. The clinical validation of the sensor will be in our future work, where we will understand closely the practical functioning of the sensor based on burn degrees. The senseburn system is designed to support doctors to gather vital info of the injuries wirelessly and hence provide efficient treatment for burn victims, thus saving lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod K. B. Rangaiah
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bappaditya Mandal
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Avetisyan
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arvind Selvan Chezhian
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bobins Augustine
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Ångström Laboratory, Division of Computer Systems, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala Networked Objects (UNO), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mauricio David Perez
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robin Augustine
- Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Microwaves in Medical Engineering Group, Solid State Electronics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Robin Augustine
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Li G, Yin S, Jian M, Chen J, Zeng L, Bai Z, Zhuang W, Xu B, He S, Sun J, Chen Y. Early assessment of acute ischemic stroke in rabbits based on multi-parameter near-field coupling sensing. Biomed Eng Online 2022; 21:20. [PMID: 35346206 PMCID: PMC8962490 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and continuous monitoring are the key to emergency treatment and intensive care of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Nevertheless, there has not been a fully accepted method targeting continuous assessment of AIS in clinical. METHODS Near-field coupling (NFC) sensing can obtain the conductivity related to the volume of intracranial components with advantages of non-invasiveness, strong penetrability and real-time monitoring. In this work, we built a multi-parameter monitoring system that is able to measure changes of phase and amplitude in the process of electromagnetic wave (EW) reflection and transmission. For investigating its feasibility in AIS detection, 16 rabbits were chosen to establish AIS models by bilateral common carotid artery ligation and then were enrolled for monitoring experiments. RESULTS During the 6 h after AIS, the reflection amplitude (RA) shows a decline trend with a range of 0.69 dB and reflection phase (RP) has an increased variation of 6.48° . Meanwhile, transmission amplitude (TA) and transmission phase (TP) decrease 2.14 dB and 24.29° , respectively. The statistical analysis illustrates that before ligation, 3 h after ligation and 6 h after ligation can be effectively distinguished by the four parameters individually. When all those parameters are regarded as recognition features in back propagation (BP) network, the classification accuracy of the three different periods reaches almost 100%. CONCLUSION These results prove the feasibility of multi-parameter NFC sensing to assess AIS, which is promised to become an outstanding point-of-care testing method in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengtong Yin
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Man Jian
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingxi Zeng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingxin Xu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengjie He
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Baghelani M, Abbasi Z, Daneshmand M, Light PE. Non-invasive Lactate Monitoring System Using Wearable Chipless Microwave Sensors with Enhanced Sensitivity and Zero Power Consumption. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 69:3175-3182. [PMID: 35333709 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3162315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMonitoring lactate levels is an established method for determining hyperlactatemia in critically ill patients and assessing aerobic fitness. It is a widely used gold-standard technique in both professional and serious amateur sports. Non-invasive real-time lactate monitoring offers significant advantages over the current technology of finger-prick blood sampling. Possible candidate technology for developing non-invasive real-time lactate monitoring should be highly sensitive, flexible, and capable of real-time monitoring of lactate levels in interstitial fluid or within specific working muscle groups depending on the type of sport. Herein we describe a planar, flexible, passive, chipless tag resonator that is electromagnetically coupled to a reader placed in proximity to the lactate sensor tag. The tag resonator is a thin metallic tracing that can be taped on the skin. The resonance frequency of the tag fluctuates proportionately with changing lactate concentrations in a solution mimicking human interstitial fluid with very high sensitivity. The spectrum of the tag is reflected in the spectrum of the reader, which is a planar microwave resonator designed at a different frequency. The reader could be embedded in a cellphone or an application-specific wearable device for data communication and processing. The tag can accurately and reproducibly measure lactate concentrations in the range of 1 to 10 mM, which is in the physiological range of lactate observed at rest and during intense physical activity. Furthermore, the chrematistics of this technology will allow monitoring of lactate in specific working muscle groups.
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Zeng L, Li G, Zhang M, Zhu R, Chen J, Li M, Yin S, Bai Z, Zhuang W, Sun J. A noninvasive and comprehensive method for continuous assessment of cerebral blood flow pulsation based on magnetic induction phase shift. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13002. [PMID: 35228911 PMCID: PMC8881914 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) monitoring is of great significance for treating and preventing strokes. However, there has not been a fully accepted method targeting continuous assessment in clinical practice. In this work, we built a noninvasive continuous assessment system for cerebral blood flow pulsation (CBFP) that is based on magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) technology and designed a physical model of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Physical experiments were carried out through different simulations of CBF states. Four healthy volunteers were enrolled to perform the MIPS and ECG synchronously monitoring trials. Then, the components of MIPS related to the blood supply level and CBFP were investigated by signal analysis in time and frequency domain, wavelet decomposition and band-pass filtering. The results show that the time-domain baseline of MIPS increases with blood supply level. A pulse signal was identified in the spectrum (0.2-2 Hz in 200-2,000 ml/h groups, respectively) of MIPS when the simulated blood flow rate was not zero. The pulsation frequency with different simulated blood flow rates is the same as the squeezing frequency of the feeding pump. Similar to pulse waves, the MIPS signals on four healthy volunteers all had periodic change trends with obvious peaks and valleys. Its frequency is close to that of the ECG signal and there is a certain time delay between them. These results indicate that the CBFP component can effectively be extracted from MIPS, through which different blood supply levels can be distinguished. This method has the potential to become a new solution for non-invasive and comprehensive monitoring of CBFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Zeng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Maoting Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingyan Li
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengtong Yin
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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10
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MAS: Standalone Microwave Resonator to Assess Muscle Quality. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21165485. [PMID: 34450927 PMCID: PMC8399157 DOI: 10.3390/s21165485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microwave-based sensing for tissue analysis is recently gaining interest due to advantages such as non-ionizing radiation and non-invasiveness. We have developed a set of transmission sensors for microwave-based real-time sensing to quantify muscle mass and quality. In connection, we verified the sensors by 3D simulations, tested them in a laboratory on a homogeneous three-layer tissue model, and collected pilot clinical data in 20 patients and 25 healthy volunteers. This report focuses on initial sensor designs for the Muscle Analyzer System (MAS), their simulation, laboratory trials and clinical trials followed by developing three new sensors and their performance comparison. In the clinical studies, correlation studies were done to compare MAS performance with other clinical standards, specifically the skeletal muscle index, for muscle mass quantification. The results showed limited signal penetration depth for the Split Ring Resonator (SRR) sensor. New sensors were designed incorporating Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) and a bandstop filter to overcome this problem. The sensors were validated through 3D simulations in which they showed increased penetration depth through tissue when compared to the SRR. The second-generation sensors offer higher penetration depth which will improve clinical data collection and validation. The bandstop filter is fabricated and studied in a group of volunteers, showing more reliable data that warrants further continuation of this development.
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11
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Chen J, Li G, Liang H, Zhao S, Sun J, Qin M. An amplitude-based characteristic parameter extraction algorithm for cerebral edema detection based on electromagnetic induction. Biomed Eng Online 2021; 20:74. [PMID: 34344370 PMCID: PMC8335876 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-021-00913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral edema is a common condition secondary to any type of neurological injury. The early diagnosis and monitoring of cerebral edema is of great importance to improve the prognosis. In this article, a flexible conformal electromagnetic two-coil sensor was employed as the electromagnetic induction sensor, associated with a vector network analyzer (VNA) for signal generation and receiving. Measurement of amplitude data over the frequency range of 1–100 MHz is conducted to evaluate the changes in cerebral edema. We proposed an Amplitude-based Characteristic Parameter Extraction (Ab-CPE) algorithm for multi-frequency characteristic analysis over the frequency range of 1–100 MHz and investigated its performance in electromagnetic induction-based cerebral edema detection and distinction of its acute/chronic phase. Fourteen rabbits were enrolled to establish cerebral edema model and the 24 h real-time monitoring experiments were carried out for algorithm verification. Results The proposed Ab-CPE algorithm was able to detect cerebral edema with a sensitivity of 94.1% and specificity of 95.4%. Also, in the early stage, it can detect cerebral edema with a sensitivity of 85.0% and specificity of 87.5%. Moreover, the Ab-CPE algorithm was able to distinguish between acute and chronic phase of cerebral edema with a sensitivity of 85.0% and specificity of 91.0%. Conclusion The proposed Ab-CPE algorithm is suitable for multi-frequency characteristic analysis. Combined with this algorithm, the electromagnetic induction method has an excellent performance on the detection and monitoring of cerebral edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China.
| | - Huayou Liang
- China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center Low Speed Aerodynamic Institute, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuanglin Zhao
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Mingxin Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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12
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Low Power Contactless Bioimpedance Sensor for Monitoring Breathing Activity. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21062081. [PMID: 33809602 PMCID: PMC7999750 DOI: 10.3390/s21062081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An electronic circuit for contactless detection of impedance changes in a tissue is presented. It operates on the principle of resonant frequency change of the resonator having the observed tissue as a dielectric. The operating frequency reflects the tissue dielectric properties (i.e., the tissue composition and on the tissue physiological changes). The sensor operation was tested within a medical application by measuring the breathing of a patient, which was an easy detectable physiological process. The advantage over conventional contact bioimpedance measurement methods is that no direct contact between the resonator and the body is required. Furthermore, the sensor's wide operating range, ability to adapt to a broad range of measured materials, fast response, low power consumption, and small outline dimensions enables applications not only in the medical sector, but also in other domains. This can be extended, for example, to food industry or production maintenance, where the observed phenomena are reflected in dynamic dielectric properties of the observed object or material.
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13
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Jewelry and clothing: transforming from decoration to information. Digit Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818914-6.00015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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14
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Xu J, Chen J, Yu W, Zhang H, Wang F, Zhuang W, Yang J, Bai Z, Xu L, Sun J, Jin G, Nian Y, Qin M, Chen M. Noninvasive and portable stroke type discrimination and progress monitoring based on a multichannel microwave transmitting-receiving system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21647. [PMID: 33303768 PMCID: PMC7728752 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hemorrhagic and the ischemic types of stroke have similar symptoms in the early stage, but their treatments are completely different. The timely and effective discrimination of the two types of stroke can considerable improve the patients' prognosis. In this paper, a 16-channel and noncontact microwave-based stroke detection system was proposed and demonstrated for the potential differentiation of the hemorrhagic and the ischemic stroke. In animal experiments, 10 rabbits were divided into two groups. One group consisted of five cerebral hemorrhage models, and the other group consisted of five cerebral ischemia models. The two groups were monitored by the system to obtain the Euclidean distance transform value of microwave scattering parameters caused by pathological changes in the brain. The support vector machine was used to identify the type and the severity of the stroke. Based on the experiment, a discrimination accuracy of 96% between hemorrhage and ischemia stroke was achieved. Furthermore, the potential of monitoring the progress of intracerebral hemorrhage or ischemia was evaluated. The discrimination of different degrees of intracerebral hemorrhage achieved 86.7% accuracy, and the discrimination of different severities of ischemia achieved 94% accuracy. Compared with that with multiple channels, the discrimination accuracy of the stroke severity with a single channel was only 50% for the intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemia stroke. The study showed that the microwave-based stroke detection system can effectively distinguish between the cerebral hemorrhage and the cerebral ischemia models. This system is very promising for the prehospital identification of the stroke type due to its low cost, noninvasiveness, and ease of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Haisheng Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui Jin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjian Nian
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Yamada S, Nakagawa I, Nishimura F, Motoyama Y, Park YS, Nakase H. The Possibility of Intracranial Hypertension in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Computed Tomography. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113551. [PMID: 33158125 PMCID: PMC7694215 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although intracranial pressure is considered to be normal in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we aimed to assess whether such children may have increased intracranial pressure using noninvasive computed tomography (CT). Head CT scans of children with ASD (109 cases, male 91 and female 18, average age 4.3 years) and of children with typical development (60 cases, male 35 and female 25, average age 4.5 years) were acquired. The images were processed to map the shape of the inner skull surface. We predicted that a complex skull shape, based on a marked digital impression, would be indicative of chronically increased intracranial pressure. The data of the scans were extracted and processed to automatically establish inner and outer cranial circumferences. The circularity (reflecting inner skull shape and area) and C-ratio (ratio of inner/outer circumference) were determined and statistically analyzed. The circularity and C-ratio were significantly lower in children with ASD than in children with typical development. A lower circularity was associated with a more complex shape of the inner skull surface, which indicated the presence of intracranial hypertension. Our study suggests that children with ASD may be at a risk for chronic intracranial hypertension. Our technique incorporating the circularity and C-ratio is a useful noninvasive method for screening such patients and could impact future investigations of ASD.
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16
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French P. In-Vivo Microsystems: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4953. [PMID: 32883011 PMCID: PMC7506850 DOI: 10.3390/s20174953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In-vivo sensors yield valuable medical information by measuring directly on the living tissue of a patient. These devices can be surface or implant devices. Electrical activity in the body, from organs or muscles can be measured using surface electrodes. For short term internal devices, catheters are used. These include cardiac catheter (in blood vessels) and bladder catheters. Due to the size and shape of the catheters, silicon devices provided an excellent solution for sensors. Since many cardiac catheters are disposable, the high volume has led to lower prices of the silicon sensors. Many catheters use a single sensor, but silicon offers the opportunity to have multi sensors in a single catheter, while maintaining small size. The cardiac catheter is usually inserted for a maximum of 72 h. Some devices may be used for a short-to-medium period to monitor parameters after an operation or injury (1-4 weeks). Increasingly, sensing, and actuating, devices are being applied to longer term implants for monitoring a range of parameters for chronic conditions. Devices for longer term implantation presented additional challenges due to the harshness of the environment and the stricter regulations for biocompatibility and safety. This paper will examine the three main areas of application for in-vivo devices: surface devices and short/medium-term and long-term implants. The issues of biocompatibility and safety will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paddy French
- Laboratory for Bioelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, TU Delft, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands
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17
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Al-Qatatsheh A, Morsi Y, Zavabeti A, Zolfagharian A, Salim N, Z. Kouzani A, Mosadegh B, Gharaie S. Blood Pressure Sensors: Materials, Fabrication Methods, Performance Evaluations and Future Perspectives. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4484. [PMID: 32796604 PMCID: PMC7474433 DOI: 10.3390/s20164484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in materials science and fabrication techniques have contributed to the significant growing attention to a wide variety of sensors for digital healthcare. While the progress in this area is tremendously impressive, few wearable sensors with the capability of real-time blood pressure monitoring are approved for clinical use. One of the key obstacles in the further development of wearable sensors for medical applications is the lack of comprehensive technical evaluation of sensor materials against the expected clinical performance. Here, we present an extensive review and critical analysis of various materials applied in the design and fabrication of wearable sensors. In our unique transdisciplinary approach, we studied the fundamentals of blood pressure and examined its measuring modalities while focusing on their clinical use and sensing principles to identify material functionalities. Then, we carefully reviewed various categories of functional materials utilized in sensor building blocks allowing for comparative analysis of the performance of a wide range of materials throughout the sensor operational-life cycle. Not only this provides essential data to enhance the materials' properties and optimize their performance, but also, it highlights new perspectives and provides suggestions to develop the next generation pressure sensors for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Qatatsheh
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Yosry Morsi
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Nisa Salim
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Abbas Z. Kouzani
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Bobak Mosadegh
- Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Saleh Gharaie
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
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18
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Paulson B, Lee S, Jue M, Lee K, Lee S, Kim GB, Moon Y, Lee JY, Kim N, Kim JK. Stereotaxic endoscopy for the ocular imaging of awake, freely moving animal models. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960188. [PMID: 32017450 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Stereotaxic instruments are increasingly used in research animals for the study of disease, but typically require restraints and anesthetic procedures. A stereotaxic head mount that enables imaging of the anterior chamber of the eye in alert and freely mobile mice is presented in this study. The head mount is fitted based on computed tomography scans and manufactured using 3D printing. The system is placed noninvasively using temporal mount bars and a snout mount, without breaking the skin or risking suffocation, while an instrument channel stabilizes the ocular probes. With a flexible micro-endoscopic probe and a confocal scanning laser microscopy system, <20 μm resolution is achieved in vivo with a field of view of nearly 1 mm. Discomfort is minimal, and further adaptations for minimally invasive neuroscience, optogenetics and auditory studies are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn Paulson
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangwook Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Miyeon Jue
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungsung Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Youngjin Moon
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namkug Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ki Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Non-invasive prediction of intracranial hypertension in patients with craniosynostosis using computed tomography. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2019.100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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20
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Busl KM, Bleck TP, Varelas PN. Neurocritical Care Outcomes, Research, and Technology: A Review. JAMA Neurol 2020; 76:612-618. [PMID: 30667464 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.4407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Importance Neurocritical care has grown into an organized specialty that may have consequences for patient care, outcomes, research, and neurointensive care (neuroICU) technology. Observations Neurocritical care improves care and outcomes of the patients who are neurocritically ill, and neuroICUs positively affect the financial state of health care systems. The development of neurocritical care as a recognized subspecialty has fostered multidisciplinary research, neuromonitoring, and neurocritical care information technology, with advances and innovations in practice and progress. Conclusions and Relevance Neurocritical care has become an important part of health systems and an established subspecialty of neurology. Understanding its structure, scope of practice, consequences for care, and research are important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Maria Busl
- NeuroIntensive Care Unit, University of Florida Health Shands Hospital, Gainesville.,Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Thomas P Bleck
- Rush University Medical Center, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Panayiotis N Varelas
- Neurosciences Critical Care Services, Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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21
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Mohammed N, Cluff K, Griffith J, Loflin B. A Noninvasive, Electromagnetic, Epidermal Sensing Device for Hemodynamics Monitoring. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2019; 13:1393-1404. [PMID: 31603799 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2019.2945575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-intrusive monitoring of blood flow parameters is vital for obtaining physiological and pathophysiological information pertaining to dynamic cardiovascular events and is feasible to achieve via non-invasive, conformal, wearable technologies. Here, we present a proof-of-concept of a fully integrated, high frequency (bandwidth 40 MHz), electromagnetic sensing device for monitoring limb hemodynamics and morphology associated with blood flow. The sensing architecture integrates a novel radio frequency (RF) skin patch resonator embedded with a coplanar outer loop antenna and a scalable, standalone wireless readout hardware based on standing wave ratio (SWR) bridge. The resonator itself is a copper-based open circuit planar Archimedean spiral with a rectangular cross-sectional area, chemically etched on a flexible polyimide substrate. The readout hardware is developed exploiting off-the-shelf components, fabricated on the top of a rigid FR4 substrate. The proposed readout circuit can measure resonant frequency of an RLC network. When energized by the external oscillating RF field via loop antenna, the resonator produces an electromagnetic field response which can be perturbed by dielectric variation inside its field boundary. Through leveraging this principle, the in-vitro experimental results from the benchtop models suggest that the resonator's RF attributes such as resonant frequency shift and magnitude variation of reflection coefficient due to fluid volume displacement can be successfully detected through the proposed hardware architecture. Hence, the system could be an alternative to the conventional, multimodal, non-invasive wearable sensing with an unprecedented capability of ubiquitous fluid phenomena detection from multiple sites of the human body.
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22
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Sharma K, Sharma R. Design considerations for effective neural signal sensing and amplification: a review. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Yang J, Zhao H, Li G, Ran Q, Chen J, Bai Z, Jin G, Sun J, Xu J, Qin M, Chen M. An experimental study on the early diagnosis of traumatic brain injury in rabbits based on a noncontact and portable system. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6717. [PMID: 30997290 PMCID: PMC6463870 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Closed cerebral hemorrhage (CCH) is a common symptom in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients who suffer intracranial hemorrhage with the dura mater remaining intact. The diagnosis of CCH patients prior to hospitalization and in the early stage of the disease can help patients get earlier treatments that improve outcomes. In this study, a noncontact, portable system for early TBI-induced CCH detection was constructed that measures the magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS), which is associated with the mean brain conductivity caused by the ratio between the liquid (blood/CSF and the intracranial tissues) change. To evaluate the performance of this system, a rabbit CCH model with two severity levels was established based on the horizontal biological impactor BIM-II, whose feasibility was verified by computed tomography images of three sections and three serial slices. There were two groups involved in the experiments (group 1 with 10 TBI rabbits were simulated by hammer hit with air pressure of 600 kPa by BIM-II and group 2 with 10 TBI rabbits were simulated with 650 kPa). The MIPS values of the two groups were obtained within 30 min before and after injury. In group 1, the MIPS values showed a constant downward trend with a minimum value of −11.17 ± 2.91° at the 30th min after 600 kPa impact by BIM-II. After the 650 kPa impact, the MIPS values in group 2 showed a constant downward trend until the 25th min, with a minimum value of −16.81 ± 2.10°. Unlike group 1, the MIPS values showed an upward trend after that point. Before the injury, the MIPS values in both group 1 and group 2 did not obviously change within the 30 min measurement. Using a support vector machine at the same time point after injury, the classification accuracy of the two types of severity was shown to be beyond 90%. Combined with CCH pathological mechanisms, this system can not only achieve the detection of early functional changes in CCH but can also distinguish different severities of CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Qisheng Ran
- Department of Radiology, Army Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zelin Bai
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui Jin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Xu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingxin Qin
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingsheng Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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24
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Kai H, Suda W, Yoshida S, Nishizawa M. Organic electrochromic timer for enzymatic skin patches. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 123:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Oziel M, Korenstein R, Rubinsky B. Non-Contact Monitoring of Temporal Volume Changes of a Hematoma in the Head by a Single Inductive Coil: A Numerical Study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2018; 66:1328-1336. [PMID: 30281427 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2018.2872851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This numerical study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of using an inductive coil for monitoring the changes in the volume of a hematoma in the head in situ and to compare the inductive coil performance to that of a spiral antenna based on the radar principle. METHODS Numerical analysis was used to solve the complete set of Maxwell's equations in full three-dimensional anatomical model of a head and brain with data on clinical occurrence of hematomas from the clinical literature, for frequencies of 100 MHz, 500 MHz, and 1 GHz. RESULTS 1) The analysis shows that the spiral radar antenna provides a better resolution when the antenna can be placed exactly facing the center of the volume of blood. Under any other circumstance, the inductive coil has a better resolution at both 500 MHz and 1 GHz. 2) The induction coil is more sensitive to rotation artifacts than the spiral antenna. 3) Single frequency measurements do not provide conclusive results. CONCLUSION The inductive coil has the ability to monitor small changes in the volume of a hematoma in the head. However, multifrequency measurements are required for correct diagnostic. SIGNIFICANCE This study provides a new, low-cost alternative to the conventional medical imaging for monitoring the hematoma increase.
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Alruwaili F, Cluff K, Griffith J, Farhoud H. Passive Self Resonant Skin Patch Sensor to Monitor Cardiac Intraventricular Stroke Volume Using Electromagnetic Properties of Blood. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE-JTEHM 2018; 6:1900709. [PMID: 30416893 PMCID: PMC6214405 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2018.2870589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of a passive, lightweight skin patch sensor that can measure fluid volume changes in the heart in a non-invasive, point-of-care setting. The wearable sensor is an electromagnetic, self-resonant sensor configured into a specific pattern to formulate its three passive elements (resistance, capacitance, and inductance). In an animal model, a bladder was inserted into the left ventricle (LV) of a bovine heart, and fluid was injected using a syringe to simulate stoke volume (SV). In a human study, to assess the dynamic fluid volume changes of the heart in real time, the sensor frequency response was obtained from a participant in a 30° head-up tilt (HUT), 10° HUT, supine, and 10° head-down tilt positions over time. In the animal model, an 80-mL fluid volume change in the LV resulted in a downward frequency shift of 80.16 kHz. In the human study, there was a patterned frequency shift over time which correlated with ventricular volume changes in the heart during the cardiac cycle. Statistical analysis showed a linear correlation \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\end{document} and 0.87 between the frequency shifts and fluid volume changes in the LV of the bovine heart and human participant, respectively. In addition, the patch sensor detected heart rate in a continuous manner with a 0.179% relative error compared to electrocardiography. These results provide promising data regarding the ability of the patch sensor to be a potential technology for SV monitoring in a non-invasive, continuous, and non-clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayez Alruwaili
- Biomedical Engineering DepartmentWichita State UniversityWichitaKS67260USA
| | - Kim Cluff
- Biomedical Engineering DepartmentWichita State UniversityWichitaKS67260USA
| | - Jacob Griffith
- Biomedical Engineering DepartmentWichita State UniversityWichitaKS67260USA
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